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40-701: The Gordon D. Schaber downtown courthouse is the main courthouse of the court. As well as providing the main trial courtrooms, the courthouse contains the administrative offices of the court (including the Presiding Judge), and the general civil and criminal case processing support services of the court system. The Gordon D. Schaber Courthouse is located at 720 9th Street. Family law, juvenile dependency, and probate cases Small claims, traffic, and unlawful detainer cases Civil Law and Motion and Civil Settlement Conferences Juvenile Justice cases Criminal cases Pursuant to California Government Code § 68070 and

80-548: A 21-gun salute . The newly inaugurated governor delivers his inaugural address, an opportunity for the new leader to state his goals for the next 4 years. Pursuant to the Guam Organic Act , the governor's term of office begins at midnight on the first Monday of January of the year following the election. The day marks the beginning of the four-year term of the Governor and Lieutenant Governor of Guam. Before executing

120-530: A constitutional stipulation that a governor must report annually, or in older constitutions described as being "from time to time", on the state or condition of the territory. Sitting along Route 1 , the governor's seat of power is located in Adelup in the Ricardo J. Bordallo Governor's Complex, named after the island's 2nd and 4th governor, Ricardo Bordallo . The governor lives in their official residence at

160-644: A group of private attorneys compensated by the Court. The County of Sacramento coordinates this process through the Conflict Criminal Defenders Office. The functions of the bailiff are carried out by Sacramento County Sheriff under contract. California Government Code The California Codes are 29 legal codes enacted by the California State Legislature , which, alongside uncodified acts, form

200-638: A number of other U.S. jurisdictions, especially Puerto Rico. For example, on March 1, 1901, Puerto Rico enacted a Penal Code and Code of Criminal Procedure which were modeled after the California Penal Code, and on March 10, 1904, it enacted a Code of Civil Procedure modeled after the California Code of Civil Procedure. Thus, California case law interpreting those codes was treated as persuasive authority in Puerto Rico. In 1941,

240-435: A separate volume. The unofficial annotated codes include those statutes either as appendixes to the codes in which they probably should have been codified, or within annotations to particular code sections; Deering's also prints the uncodified initiative acts in a separate volume. Governor of Guam The governor of Guam ( Chamorro : I Maga'låhen / Maga'håga Guåhan ) is the head of government of Guam and

280-531: A variety of other resolutions which are not laws of general application, such as annual budget bills, appropriation bills for specific periods of time, acts authorizing the purchase or disposition of land by the state government, and acts authorizing the issuance of bonds which terminate automatically upon repayment of the bonds. The legislature also regularly approves resolutions honoring the accomplishments of various distinguished persons. Because of their limited application, all such matters are not incorporated into

320-623: Is an eligible voter and has been for five consecutive years immediately preceding the election a citizen of the United States and a bona fide resident of Guam and will be, at the time of taking office, at least thirty years of age. The Governor shall maintain his/her official residence in Guam during his/her incumbency. " To be eligible, a candidate for Governor of Guam must: According to the Elective Governor Acts of 1968 ,

360-480: Is given the power to control government budgeting and appoint many officials (including many judges). Unlike the other government departments that compose the executive branch of government, the governor is themselves head of the state executive department. The governor may also perform ceremonial roles, such as greeting dignitaries, issuing symbolic proclamations or commencing the Liberation Day parade. As

400-738: Is the Family Code, which was split off from the Civil Code in 1994. Although there is a Code of Civil Procedure, there is no Code of Criminal Procedure. Instead, criminal procedure in California is codified in Part 2 of the Penal Code, while Part 1 is devoted to substantive criminal law. The Codes contain, or are supposed to only contain general statutory law, with the emphasis on the word "general". The legislature also regularly enacts

440-488: The California Statutes ), and were also published by commercial publishers in various versions, including as a set in 1872. In lieu of an official set, unofficial annotated codes are widely available from private publishers. West publishes West's Annotated California Codes and LexisNexis publishes Deering's California Codes Annotated . Although Deering's is much older, West is the more popular of

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480-601: The Judicial Council California Rules of Court § 10.613 , the Sacramento County Superior Court has adopted Local Rules for its government and the government of its officers. There are several officers of the court , including judges, jurors, commissioners, prosecutors, defense attorneys, clerks, bailiffs, and court reporters. The current judges are: A commissioner is a subordinate judicial officer elected by

520-827: The commander-in-chief of the Guam National Guard , whose responsibilities also include making the annual State of the Island (formerly the State of the Territory) addresses to the Guam Legislature , submitting the budget, and ensuring that Guam's public laws are enforced. The position was created in 1968, through the passage of the Guam Elected Governors Act which took effect in 1970. Guam elected its first civilian governor in 1970 with

560-622: The commander-in-chief of the Guam National Guard, the governor, as well as the president , may call on the Guard at a moment's notice to provide defense for the island, in a state of emergency. The governor also delivers the annual State of the Island address (similar to the State of the State address in the US) to a special session of the Guam Legislature . The speech is given to satisfy

600-660: The California Practice Act of 1851 (drafted with the help of Stephen Field), which was directly based upon the New York Code of Civil Procedure of 1850 (the Field Code). In turn, it was the California Practice Act that served as the foundation of the California Code of Civil Procedure. New York never enacted Field's proposed civil or political codes, and belatedly enacted his proposed penal and criminal procedure codes only after California, but they were

640-553: The Code Commission from codes prepared for the state of New York by the great law reformer David Dudley Field II . As a result of the Gold Rush, many New York lawyers had migrated to California, including Field's brother, Stephen Johnson Field , who would ultimately serve as California's fifth Chief Justice before being appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court. The strong New York influence on early California law started with

680-678: The Code as a mere restatement of the common law . For example, in Li v. Yellow Cab Co. , the Supreme Court acknowledged the Legislature's original intent in enacting Civil Code section 1714 to codify a contributory negligence scheme subject to the last clear chance doctrine, then held the legislature had not intended to freeze the common law in place and proceeded to judicially adopt comparative negligence . In contrast, other codes, such as

720-529: The Codes. The Codes form an important part of California law . However, they must be read in combination with the federal and state constitutions, federal and state case law, and the California Code of Regulations, in order to understand how they are actually interpreted and enforced in court. The Civil Code is particularly difficult to understand since the Supreme Court of California has treated parts of

760-542: The Commission stated: "The California statutory law is in a deplorable condition ... law writers and publishers unite in considering it the worst statutory law in the country." To staff the new permanent incarnation of the Code Commission, the state Legislature simply appointed the Legislative Counsel as the secretary of the Commission. Thus, as a practical matter, most of the real work was performed by

800-738: The Government House in Agaña Heights . The island's former Spanish and American military governors had lived in the Governor's Palace in the Plaza de España (Hagåtña) until its destruction in the shelling of Hagåtña during the reconquest of Guam in World War II . According to the Elective Governors Act: "No person shall be eligible for election to the office of Governor or Lieutenant Governor unless he/she

840-552: The Governor of Guam, together with the Lieutenant Governor, shall be elected by a majority of the votes cast by the people who are qualified to vote for the members of the Legislature of Guam . The Governor and Lieutenant Governor shall be chosen jointly, by the casting by each voter of a single vote applicable to both offices. The first election for Governor and Lieutenant Governor was held on November 3, 1970, with

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880-649: The Governor of Guam. In line with traditional oath-takings, governors have traditionally palmed a Bible and have added, "So help me God!" at the end of their oaths. The Governor of Guam is sworn in by the Chief Justice of Guam . The Governor of Guam is only limited two terms as prescribed in the Elective Governors Act: However, a former governor can be re-elected once again only after a full term has passed. In 1565, Miguel López de Legazpi formally declared Spanish sovereignty over

920-612: The Legislative Counsel's deputies and then approved by the Code Commissioners. The Commission spent the next 24 years analyzing the massive body of uncodified law in the California Statutes and drafting almost all the other codes. By 1953, when the Code Commission completed its assigned task and issued its final report on September 1 of that year, 25 Codes were then in existence. That year,

960-465: The Legislative Counsel's online copy, but probably should have been codified as they are laws of general application. For example, certain initiative acts could not be codified by an act of the legislature because they were originally enacted by popular vote of the electorate. The final Code Commission report of September 1, 1953 recommended that such statutes should be published in an appendix to whichever code they are most relevant and not grouped into

1000-833: The Mariana Islands. However, there was no permanent Spanish presence on the island and it was ruled from the Philippines as part of the Spanish East Indies by the Governor-General of the Philippines . Diego Luis de San Vitores established a mission on Guam in 1668, but Francisco de Irrisari was the first person to take the title "Governor" in June 1676, amidst the Spanish-Chamorro Wars . Antonio de Saravia , who arrived in June 1681,

1040-546: The Probate Code and the Evidence Code, are considered to have fully displaced the common law, meaning that cases interpreting their provisions always try to give effect whenever possible to the Legislature's intent. As noted above, the Legislative Counsel maintains an online website with the official text of the Codes. The original four codes were printed as separate state documents in 1872 (but not as part of

1080-504: The Puerto Rican Legislative Assembly joined the nationwide movement towards transferring civil procedure and evidentiary law into a system of rules promulgated by the courts, then abolished the judicial power to promulgate rules in 1946, then reinstated it in 1952 (subject to the right of the legislature to amend court rules before they went into effect). Eventually, after much of its content was superseded by

1120-482: The Rules of Civil Procedure and the Rules of Evidence, most of the Code of Civil Procedure of Puerto Rico was rendered obsolete and was therefore repealed. However, although the Penal Code of Puerto Rico underwent extensive recodification and renumbering in 1974, many of its sections still bear a strong resemblance to their California relatives. The Code of Guam , implemented in 1933 by Governor George A. Alexander ,

1160-507: The basis of the codes enacted by California in 1872. As noted above, the initial four codes were not fully comprehensive. As a result, California statutory law became disorganized as uncodified statutes continued to pile up in the California Statutes. After many years of on-and-off Code Commissions, the California Code Commission was finally established as a permanent government agency in 1929. In its first report,

1200-483: The court on behalf of California, Sacramento County, and all cities and special districts within Sacramento County. The Sacramento County Public Defender provides criminal defense services for those unable to afford private counsel. The current public defender is Amanda M. Benson. For cases where the public defender has a legal conflict or is otherwise unable to provide services, services are provided by

1240-450: The election of Governor Carlos Camacho and Lt. Governor Kurt Moylan . Beginning in 1974, Guam's Governor and Lieutenant Governor is elected by direct vote , on the first Tuesday of November. The Governor and Lieutenant Governor shall hold office for a term of four years and until their successors are elected and qualified. The Governor of Guam usually takes the oath of office on the first Monday of January. In past inaugurations, however,

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1280-479: The general statutory law of California . The official codes are maintained by the California Office of Legislative Counsel for the legislature. The Legislative Counsel also publishes the official text of the Codes publicly at leginfo.legislature.ca.gov . The 29 California Codes currently in effect are as follows: The following codes have been repealed: The California Codes have been influential in

1320-409: The governor-elect and lieutenant governor-elect would take the oath of office past midnight on Monday morning. Traditionally, the lieutenant governor-elect takes the oath first and delivers his inaugural remarks, followed then by the incoming governor-elect. As soon as the governor takes the oath of office, four ruffles and flourishes are played then followed by " The Stars and Stripes Forever " and

1360-468: The inauguration of former governor Carlos Camacho . The current governor is Lou Leon Guerrero , a Democrat who was inaugurated on January 7, 2019, following her election in 2018 . The governor has a duty to enforce Guam's public laws, the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the Guam Legislature , to convene the legislature, and to commute or grant pardons to criminal sentences , except in cases of treason and impeachment. The governor

1400-1095: The judges of the Court and given the power to hear and make decisions in certain kinds of legal matters, similar to the United States magistrate judge . Their jurisdiction includes, but is not limited to, traffic matters, family law and juvenile cases, criminal misdemeanors, and criminal felony cases through the preliminary hearing stage. The Sacramento County Superior Court has 9 commissioners assigned as follows: Benjamin Cassady - Traffic Arraignments Marlene Clark - Juvenile Dependency Richard Clark - Family Law, Domestic Violence and Elder Abuse Restraining Orders Ryan Davis - Family Law Scott P. Harman - Family Law/Child Support Alicia Hartley - Criminal Arraignments Heath T. Langle - Probate James Morris - Traffic Arraignments Martin E. Tejeda - Criminal Motions and Preliminary Hearings, Mental Health Hearings and Civil Harassment Restraining Orders The Sacramento County District Attorney, currently Thien Ho, prosecutes crimes before

1440-543: The legislature replaced the Code Commission with the California Law Revision Commission . Since then, the CLRC has been tasked with regularly reviewing the codes and proposing various amendments to the legislature. Most of these are simple maintenance amendments to ensure that statutory cross-references are properly updated to add new laws or omit laws which no longer exist. The newest code

1480-523: The powers as the Governor of Guam, the governor must take an oath of office : I, (name), duly elected Governor of Guam, do solemnly swear, in the presence of the Almighty God, that I will well and faithfully support the Constitution of the United States, the laws of the United States applicable to Guam, and the laws of Guam, and that I will conscientiously and impartially discharge my duties as

1520-406: The two annotated codes. Libraries that lack sufficient shelf space to carry both codes—usually because they are small law libraries, public libraries serving the general public (as distinguished from public law libraries), or out-of-state libraries—usually carry only West and omit Deering's . There are also a handful of relatively minor statutes which were never codified and are not included in

1560-549: Was modeled after the California Codes. Thus, Guam courts look to California case law to assist them with interpretation of the Code of Guam. In 1868, the California Legislature authorized the first of many ad hoc Code Commissions to begin the process of codifying California law. Each Code Commission was a one- or two-year temporary agency which either closed at the end of the authorized period or

1600-498: Was reauthorized and rolled over into the next period; thus, in some years there was no Code Commission. The first four codes enacted in 1872 were the Civil Code, the Code of Civil Procedure, the Penal Code, and the Political Code. Statutes that did not fit these categories were simply left uncodified in the California Statutes . The four original California Codes were not drafted from scratch, but were mostly adapted by

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