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25-639: Members of the erstwhile royal family of Seraikella , the Singh Deo family (patrons of the Chhau dance ), divide their time between The Palace, Seraikella; a 300-year-old heritage palace and historical landmark and their residences in Odisha , West Bengal and abroad. The last ruler of the Seraikella princely state was Raja Aditya Pratap Singh Deo (grandson of HH Maharaja Udit Narayan Singh Deo) and notables of

50-532: A Padma Shri awardee). The Singh Deo royal family remains active in public life (political, cultural and religious) and act as guardians to the Ma Paudi temple located within the royal residence, host the annual Chau festival at the Seraikella Royal Palace and retain a hold on the region's real-estate and business. Despite their loss of formal title and privileges, they enjoy public support in

75-462: A hundred. Languages of Seraikela-Kharsawan district (2011) At the time of the 2011 Census of India , 44.01% of the population in the district spoke Bengali as their first Language, 15.62% Santali , 9.65% Ho , 9.48% Odia , 6.98% Hindi , 4.76% Mundari , 2.83% Urdu , 2.7% Bhojpuri and 1.05% Maithili . The district's official administrative language is Hindi, while Bengali predominates in rural areas. Various tribal languages are spoken across

100-577: A part of the Red Corridor . The district is situated between 22°29'26" and 23°09'34" north latitudes and 85°30'14" and 86°15'24" east longitudes. Several rivers flow across Seraikela Kharsawan district. Among these Subarnarekha , Kharkai , Korkori are the important ones. Chandil dam is one of the popular and famous waterbodies of the district. It is located near the Chandil town. Seraikela Kharsawan district consists of 09 Blocks. The following are

125-683: A people of India , mainly living in the states of Jharkhand and West Bengal . They are the original inhabitants of the Rajmahal Hills , known today as the Santal Parganas division of Jharkhand. They are listed as a Scheduled Tribe by the governments of West Bengal, Bihar and Jharkhand. They speak the Malto language , a Dravidian language, as well as a poorly-documented Indo-Aryan Mal Paharia language . During Muslim rule in Bengal,

150-528: A ranking of 428th in India (out of a total of 640 ). The district has a population density of 401 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,040/sq mi). Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 25.28%. Saraikela Kharsawan has a sex ratio of 958 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 67.70%. 24.29% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes collectively account for 40.46% (SC 5.28% and ST 35.18%) of

175-513: A result of which he was imprisoned to ensure the popular movement died down. The central government appointed a commission under Mr. Baudkar to look into the matter. On the basis of the Baudkar commission report, Saraikela and Kharsawan princely states were merged with Bihar on 18 May 1948. These two princely states became part of Jharkhand when the state was carved out of Bihar on 15 November 2000. From 18 May 1948 onward, many non-tribal Oriyas of

200-481: A will to merge the princely state with Orissa province of the Indian Republic. As a result, both Saraikela and Kharsawan princely states were merged with Orissa in 1948. On 1 January 1948 itself, the tribals of these two princely states, who were in a majority, revolted against the merger with Orissa. This was supported by Patayet Sahib Maharajkumar Bhoopendra Narayan Singh Deo, third son of Raja Aditya , as

225-559: The 1830s. The Mal Paharias fiercely resisted the entry of the Santals into their lands, a struggle that would continue until the 1850s when Santal numbers became overwhelming. The entry of the Santals generally cut the Mal Paharias off from significant contact with those in the plains. Eventually, their territory became known as Santal Parganas. Santal Parganas would continue to be a division of various administrative units, most recently

250-678: The Bhagalpur Hill Rangers, continued until the 1857 revolt and the reorganization of British forces there. The government also tried to settle the Mal Paharias in the plains as settled agriculturalists to make the land productive, but this did not work. Instead, the British brought in Santal cultivators from the southeastern part of the Chota Nagpur Plateau, who settled in the wasteland in large numbers starting in

275-526: The Mal Paharias fought back by luring British forces into the jungle, where the British rifles were useless and Paharia's poisoned arrows were ideal. Finally, in 1778, the British proposed a "pacification" scheme were money and lands were restored to the sardars , and the forts of the landlords were taken over by EIC officials. Many Mal Paharias were recruited into a new British force which proved extremely effective: first using traditional bows and arrows, and eventually using British weaponry. This Paharia regiment,

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300-479: The Mal Paharias were brave warriors who maintained their independence from government control but developed a relationship with local landlords. Under this agreement, Mal Paharia lands were divided into tappa headed by sardars , who in turn had authority over the manjhi : village head. The sardars acted as a lawkeeping force among the Mal Paharia in return for which they were given a certain amount of land by

325-777: The Saraikela princely state under the governance of the Chhota Nagpur Commissioner. In 1912 Saraikela came under the authority of the province of Bihar and Orissa , which was newly created from the eastern districts of Bengal. In 1936 the state was placed under the authority of the Orissa Province. Saraikela, along with 24 other princely states of the Eastern States Agency , acceded to the Government of India on 1 January 1948, with

350-646: The Zamindars who killed many of their headmen. From then, they became raiders of the plains. This problem was worsened during the Bengal Famine of 1770 , which the Mal Paharias were not affected due to their reliance on forest products, and so were able to raid without much resistance. Travel on the south bank of the Ganga near Rajmahal Hills became almost impossible, and even British messengers were robbed and murdered. Despite many British attempts to suppress them,

375-408: The area (comprising the former Seraikella state). Notable members of the royal family who remain active in the public eye include Rajkumar Pratap Aditya Singh Deo, Rajkumar Juga Bhanu Singh Deo, Maharajkumar Jairaj Singh Deo and Rajkumar Rajvikram Singh Deo. The District of Seraikela and Kharsawan was formed on 1 April 2001 after being separated from West Singhbhum district . The district is currently

400-566: The district's total population. The prominent communities in this group, in terms of the district's total population, are Santal (12.19%), Ho (8.37%), Bhumij (6.38%), Munda (4.22%), Bhuiya (1.88%), Oraon (0.99%), Ghasi (0.98%), Dom (0.82%), Mahli (0.66%), Dhobi (0.49%), Kora (0.28%), Chamar/Mochi (0.28%), Lohra (0.24%), and Kol (0.15%). Other communities such as Mal Paharia , Dusadh , Pan, Bauri , Savar, Kharia , Bedia, Hari/Mehtar/Bhangi, Korwa, Rajwar , Pasi, Gond , and Birhor also have populations ranging between one thousand to

425-910: The district, and Odia is the primary language in the western part, historically associated with the former Saraikela State . In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Seraikela Kharsawan one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640 ). It is one of the 21 districts in Jharkhand currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF). There are three Vidhan Sabha constituencies in this district: Ichagarh, Seraikela and Kharsawan. These are parts of Ranchi, Singhbhum and Khunti Lok Sabha constituencies respectively. Saraikela State Saraikela State also spelt Seraikela, Saraikella or Seraikella ( Odia : ଷଢେ଼ଇକଳା),

450-561: The districts of Saraikela Kharsawan , East Singhbhum , and West Singhbhum have migrated and settled permanently in Odisha. The rulers were Rajputs of the  Rathore clan and bore the title of 'Kunwar' until 1884. The rulers are descendants of the Porahat royal family. 22°41′52″N 85°58′28″E  /  22.69778°N 85.97444°E  / 22.69778; 85.97444 Mal Paharia people The Mal Paharia people are

475-402: The era include his sons Tikayet Sahib Nrupendra Narayan Singh Deo, Raja Rajendra Narayan Singh Deo (given in adoption to Patna-Bolangir state , former Chief Minister of Odisha ), Patayet Sahib Maharaj kumar Bhoopendra Narayan Singh Deo (leading regional politician who supported the popular tribal anti-merger movement with Bihar) and Rajkumar Sudhendra Narayan Singh Deo (Param-Guru of Chhau ,

500-614: The list of the Blocks in Seraikela Kharsawan district: 1 Seraikela , 2 Kharsawan , 3 Adityapur (Gamharia) , 4 Kuchai , 5 Ichagarh , 6 Nimdih , 7 Chandil , 8 Gobindpur (Rajnagar) , 9 Kukru See: List of villages in Seraikela Kharsawan district According to the 2011 census Seraikela Kharsawan district has a population of 1,065,056, roughly equal to the nation of Cyprus or the US state of Rhode Island . This gives it

525-688: The merger agreement acceding to the Indian Union on 18 May 1948. The state was founded in 1620 by Raja Bikram Singh, from Rathore clan of Rajputs . The state came under the influence of the Maratha rulers of Nagpur in the 18th century, and became a princely state of British India in 1803, at the conclusion of the Second Anglo-Maratha War at Deogaon of Orissa. After the war, the East India Company included

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550-415: The plains people. Passes leading to the hills were guarded by Mal Paharia outposts as well as forts of the plains people. This system ensured relatively friendly relationships between the hill and plains people. Once a year, this arrangement was renewed with a feast in the plains between the landlords and sardars . However, when the Mal Paharias tried to assert their independence again, they were betrayed by

575-435: The restoration of their lands and the upliftment of their socio economic condition. The Mal Paharias who live in the southern hills of Damin-i-koh and in the south and east of Santhal Parganas have been Hinduised. Among themselves they speak a variety of Bengali, but with others they speak Bengali and Hindi. The Bengali and Devenagari scripts are used by them. The Mal Paharias survive on agriculture and forest produce. Rice

600-501: The state of Jharkhand created in 2000. Today, the Paharias have become an insignificant minority in their own lands. Their literacy rate is an abysmal 1%, despite the many government schemes that have tried to uplift them. Most villages of the tribe lack basic facilities such as drinking water or sanitation, very few have government jobs and none have become involved in politics. The Paharias have formed several associations to fight for

625-529: Was a small princely state in India during the British Raj , in the region that is now the Jharkhand state. Its capital was at Saraikela . The state had an area of 1163 km which yielded an average revenue of Rs.92,000 in 1901, and was one of the nine Chota Nagpur States under the authority of the governor of Bengal Presidency . The last ruler of the state, Raja Aditya Pratap Singh Deo, signed

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