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80-654: The Schippersgracht ( Dutch pronunciation: [ˈsxɪpərsˌxrɑxt] ) is a canal and street in the Centrum district of Amsterdam that runs from the Rapenburgerplein to the Prins Hendrikkade . The Schippersgracht street starts where Foeliedwarsstraat crosses Rapenburgerplein and ends at the Kortjewantsbrug (bridge 487) on Prins Hendrikkade. The Schippersgracht canal is an extension of

160-574: A book in which discussed in detail how she had taken part in the Iranian Revolution , because this information was already known by the party board this did not lead to any upheaval. In November 2005, the party board asked Senator Sam Pormes to give up his seat. Continuing rumours about his involvement with guerrilla-training in Yemen in the 1970s and the 1977 train hijacking by Moluccan youth and allegations of welfare fraud were harmful for

240-428: A job or education. If at the end of the year one should not succeed in finding a job, the government will offer one a job for the minimum wage . In order to create more employment, they want to implement the green tax shift which will lower taxes on lower paid labour. This would be compensated by higher taxes on pollution. In order to increase prospects for the underprivileged, it wants to invest in education, especially

320-533: A merger with that party; they participated in the 2023 Dutch Senate election as one. GroenLinks and the Labour Party announced in 2023 that they would also participate as one, GroenLinks–PvdA , in the general elections of 2023 , as members of both parties voted in favour of an alliance. The party combines green and left-wing ideals. The core ideals of GroenLinks are codified in the party's programme of principles (called Partij voor de Toekomst , "Party for

400-493: A motion "We want to choose". They wanted a serious choice for such an important office. The party's board announced a new electoral procedure. During the congress Kathalijne Buitenweg , an MEP and candidate, announced wish to be considered for the position of top candidate. She narrowly won the elections from Lagendijk. This came as a great surprise to all. Especially for Buitenweg who had not written an acceptance speech and read out Lagendijk's. In May 2005, MP Farah Karimi wrote

480-411: A new lead candidate for the 2009 European elections . There were five candidates for this position: Amsterdam city councillor Judith Sargentini , former MEP Alexander de Roo , senator Tineke Strik , environmental researcher Bas Eickhout and Niels van den Berge assistant of MEP Buitenweg. In an internal referendum Sargentini was elected. The party congress put Eickhout on a second position on

560-541: A peace force, with the functions of NATO to be taken over by the European Union and the United Nations. GroenLinks wants to solve environmental problems, especially climate change , by stimulating durable alternatives. The party wants to use taxes and emissions trading to stimulate alternative energy as an alternative to both fossil fuel and nuclear plants . It wants to close all nuclear plants in

640-566: A political talent who had left the Labour Party for GroenLinks in 1997. The party began to speculate openly about joining government after the elections of 2002. The 1999 Kosovo War divided the party internally. The parliamentary party in the House of Representatives supported the NATO intervention, while the Senate parliamentary party was against the intervention. Several former PSP members within

720-671: A seat. In the 1984 European election , the PPR, CPN and PSP formed the Green Progressive Accord that entered as one into the European elections . They gained one seat, which rotated between the PSP and PPR. Party-members of the four parties also encountered each other in grassroots extraparliamentary protest against nuclear energy and nuclear weapons . More than 80% of the members of the PSP, CPN and PPR attended at least one of

800-561: Is 8.04 km and covers the UNESCO -listed Amsterdam canal belt . In 2013, the borough had approximately 85,000 inhabitants, who on average had the second-highest income per household in the city (after Amsterdam-Zuid ) and one of the highest in the country. Amsterdam-Centrum consists of fourteen neighborhoods: Binnenstad (comprising the Burgwallen Oude Zijde and Burgwallen Nieuwe Zijde areas), Grachtengordel (including

880-483: Is able to stop working earlier than if one starts working when one is older. Receiving unemployment or disability benefits is counted as work, as is caring for children or family members. The system of mortgage interest deductions should be abolished over a forty-year period. International cooperation is an important theme for the party. This includes development cooperation with underdeveloped countries. GroenLinks wants to increase spending on development aid to 0.8% of

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960-519: Is an undogmatic party. The election manifesto for the 2010 elections was adopted in April of that year. It was titled Klaar voor de Toekomst ("Prepared for the Future"). The manifesto emphasises international cooperation, welfare state reform, environmental policy and social tolerance. GroenLinks considers itself a " social reform party", which aims to reform the government finances and increase

1040-665: Is critical about the current policies of the European Commission . It favoured the European Constitution , but after it was voted down in the 2005 referendum , GroenLinks advocated a new treaty which emphasised democracy and subsidiarity . The party is critical about the war on terror . It wants to strengthen the peacekeeping powers of the United Nations and reform the Dutch armed forces into

1120-547: Is located at the central city hall, housed in the Stopera building. 52°22′23″N 4°53′32″E  /  52.37306°N 4.89222°E  / 52.37306; 4.89222 GroenLinks GroenLinks ( Dutch pronunciation: [ɣrunˈlɪŋks] , lit.   ' GreenLeft ' ) is a green political party in the Netherlands . It was formed on 1 March 1989 from the merger of four left-wing parties:

1200-456: Is the freedom of citizens from government influence; she applies this concept especially to the multicultural society and the rechtsstaat , where the government should protect the rights of citizens and not limit them. Positive freedom is the emancipation of citizens from poverty and discrimination. Halsema wants to apply this concept to welfare state and the environment where government should take more action. According to Halsema, GroenLinks

1280-411: The 1972 general election , these parties won sixteen seats (out of 150); in the 1977 general election , they only won six. From that moment on, members and voters began to argue for close cooperation. From the 1980s onwards, the four parties started to cooperate in municipal and provincial elections. As fewer seats are available in these representations, a higher percentage of votes is required to gain

1360-514: The 1989 elections , the PPR, PSP, CPN and EVP entered in the elections with one single list called Groen Links. In the Netherlands, parties usually participate in the elections with one list for the whole country. The candidates on top of the list get the priority for the distribution of seats won. The GroenLinks list of candidates was organised in such a way that all the parties were represented and new figures could enter. The PPR, which had been

1440-472: The 1998 and 2002 elections under the leadership of Paul Rosenmöller , who came to be seen as the unofficial Leader of the Opposition against the first Kok cabinet , a purple government . The party's number of seats fell from 10 to 4 seats in the 2012 election , before increasing to 14 in 2017 and falling back to 8 in 2021 . After the 2021 general election, the party intensified cooperation with

1520-528: The 2006 Dutch municipal election , the party stayed relatively stable, losing only a few seats. After the elections GroenLinks took part in 75 local executives, including Amsterdam where MP Marijke Vos became an alderwoman. In preparation of the 2006 general election the party held a congress in October. It elected Halsema, again the only candidate, as the party's top candidate. MEP Kathalijne Buitenweg and comedian Vincent Bijlo were last candidates . In

1600-601: The 2017 general election . The party entered coalition talks with the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy , the Christian Democratic Appeal and Democrats 66 , but the talks failed after Klaver demanded more refugees to be accepted. GroenLinks lost the 2021 general election , and combined with the Labour Party during the subsequent government formation . There have been discussions about

1680-615: The Amsterdam boroughs , called stadsdelen (also known as urban districts in English), were governed by a directly elected district council ( deelraad ) as well as a separate district executive board, the members of which were appointed and controlled by the council. Since the 2014 municipal elections , the district councils have been abolished and replaced by smaller, but still directly elected district committees ( bestuurscommissies ). The district committees are elected every four years, on

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1760-464: The Communist Party of the Netherlands from the socialist and communist traditions. Over the course of the 1970s and 1980s, the parties had come to embrace environmentalism and feminism ; they all favoured democratisation of society and had opposed the creation of new nuclear plants and the placement of new nuclear weapons in the Netherlands . Halsema, the former political leader of

1840-673: The Communist Party of the Netherlands , the Pacifist Socialist Party , the Political Party of Radicals and the Evangelical People's Party , which shared left-wing and progressive ideals and had previously co-operated in the Rainbow coalition for the 1989 European Parliament election . After disappointing results in the 1989 and 1994 general elections , the nascent party fared particularly well in

1920-531: The Constitution . GroenLinks values individual freedom and the rule of law . The party wants to legalise soft drugs . It wants to protect civil rights on the Internet by extending constitutional protection for free communication to email and other modern technologies. It also favours a reform of copyright to allow non-commercial reproduction and the use of open-source software in the public sector. In

2000-482: The Labour Party (PvdA) in an alliance called GroenLinks–PvdA . The two parties participated in the 2023 general election with a joint candidate list, and currently have a joint parliamentary group of 25 seats. Despite the fact that the two participate separately participate in a European Political Group, Groenlinks as a member of Greens–European Free Alliance and PvdA as a member of the Party of European Socialists ,

2080-624: The Negen Straatjes district), Haarlemmerbuurt , Jodenbuurt , Jordaan , Kadijken , Lastage , Oosterdokseiland , Oostelijke Eilanden (including the Czaar Peterbuurt ), Plantage , Rapenburg , Uilenburg , Westelijke Eilanden and Weteringschans . Neighborhoods are largely traditional divisions of the inner city rather than strictly defined administrative units; as such, they have no level of autonomy, administrative privileges or governing bodies of their own. Until 2014,

2160-513: The Nieuwe Herengracht leading to Nieuwe Vaart , and is about 100 metres (330 ft) long. The quay along the north-west side of the water has the house numbers 2 to 16, with even and odd numbers alternating (not opposite each other). In the past there were higher house numbers, up to 423. The current numbering began in the 19th century. The southeastern bank of the canal is called Kadijksplein. The Schippersgracht owes its name to

2240-583: The Rainbow . Joost Lagendijk and Leo Platvoet , both PSP party board members, initiated an internal referendum in which the members of the PSP declared to support leftwing cooperation (70% in favour; 64% of all members voting). Their initiative for left-wing cooperation was supported by an open letter from influential members of trade unions (such as Paul Rosenmöller and Karin Adelmund ), of environmental movements (e.g., Jacqueline Cramer ) and from arts (such as Rudi van Dantzig ). This letter called for

2320-634: The gross national product . It wants to open the European markets to goods from Third World countries, under conditions of fair trade . In order to ensure free and fair trade, it wants to increase and democratise international economic organisations such as the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank . The party also favours greater international control over financial markets. GroenLinks favours European integration , but

2400-453: The principles of her party . She emphasised individual freedom, tolerance , self-realisation and emancipation . In one interview she called her party "the last liberal party of the Netherlands" This led to considerable attention of media and other observers, which speculated about an ideological change. In 2005 the party's scientific bureau published the book "Vrijheid als Ideaal" ("Freedom as Ideal") in which prominent opinion-makers explored

2480-420: The vmbo (middle-level vocational education). In order to ensure that migrants have a better chance for jobs, it wants to deal firmly with discrimination, especially on the labour market . The party wants to decrease income differences by making child benefits . The party favours reform of government pensions : after 45 years of employment, one should get the right to a pension. If one starts working young, one

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2560-402: The 1990 municipal elections, the party fared much better, strengthening the resolve to cooperate. In the period 1989–1991, the merger developed further. A board was organised for the party-in-foundation and also a 'GroenLinks Council', which was supposed to control the board and the parliamentary party and stimulate the process of merger. In this council, all five groups – CPN, PPR, PSP, EVP and

2640-474: The 1998 elections. Before the 2003 general election Rosenmöller left parliament, citing the ongoing threats against his life and those of his family as the main reason. He was replaced as chair of the parliamentary party and top candidate by Femke Halsema . She was unable to keep ten seats and lost two. In 2003, GroenLinks almost unanimously turned against the Iraq War . It took part in the protests against

2720-500: The 2006 elections the party lost one seat. In the subsequent cabinet formation , an initial exploratory round among the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA), Labour Party (PvdA) and Socialist Party (SP) failed, Halsema announced that GroenLinks would not be involved in further discussion at that point in time, as the party lost, was too small, and had less in common with CDA than the SP had. Following this decision an internal debate about

2800-458: The CPN, the PSP and the PPR about a common list for the upcoming general elections. It soon became clear that the CPN wanted to maintain an independent communist identity and not merge into a new left-wing formation. This was reason for the PPR leaving the talks. Negotiations about cooperation were reopened after the fall of the second Lubbers cabinet and the announcement that elections would be held in

2880-587: The European Parliament after two-and-a-half years to make room for a new candidate. He would continue as an independent and remain in parliament until 1994. In the 1994 European elections , he would run unsuccessfully as top candidate of The Greens . In 1992, party leader Ria Beckers left the House of Representatives because she wanted more private time. Peter Lankhorst replaced her as chair ad interim, but he announced that he would not take part in

2960-405: The Future"). The party places itself in the freedom-loving tradition of the left. Its principles include: The party's principles reflect the ideological convergence between the four founding parties which came from different ideological traditions: the Political Party of Radicals and the Evangelical People's Party , from a progressive Christian tradition; and the Pacifist Socialist Party and

3040-453: The House of Representatives parliamentary party began to openly speak out their doubts about the intervention. A compromise was found: GroenLinks would support the intervention as long as it limited itself to military targets. Prominent members of the founding parties including Marcus Bakker and Joop Vogt left the party over this issue. In February 2001, Roel van Duijn and a few former members of The Greens joined GroenLinks. In 2001,

3120-460: The Ministry of Economic Affairs in order to steal plans for nuclear power plants. This led to his resignation on 14 August, after media reported that the burglary also led to threats against civil servants . He was replaced by Jolande Sap . In 2008, MEPs Joost Lagendijk and Kathalijne Buitenweg announced that they would not seek a new term in the European Parliament. The party had to elect

3200-588: The Netherlands and impose a tax on the use of coal in energy production, in order to discourage the building of new coal-based power plants. Moreover, it wants to stimulate energy saving . It wants to invest in clean public transport , as an alternative to private transport. Investments in public transport can be financed by not expanding highways and imposing tolls on the use of roads (called rekeningrijden ). The party wants to stimulate organic farming through taxes as an alternative to industrial agriculture . Moreover, GroenLinks wants to codify animal rights in

3280-533: The PPR and member of the Senate ), Herman Meijer (former CPN, future chair of the party) and Ineke van Gent (former PSP and future MP). Some candidates ran in duos because they wanted to combine family life with politics. Brouwer, Rosenmöller and Sipkes already were MPs for GroenLinks, whilst Rabbae was new – he had been chair of the Dutch Centre for Foreigners. In the first round, the duos ended up ahead of

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3360-459: The PPR to found The Greens . The CPN and the PPR wanted to form an electoral alliance with the PSP for the 1986 elections. This led to a crisis within the PSP, in which chair of the parliamentary party ( Fractievoorzitter ) Fred van der Spek , who opposed cooperation, was replaced by Andrée van Es , who favoured cooperation. Van der Spek left the PSP to found his own Party for Socialism and Disarmament . The 1986 PSP congress , however, rejected

3440-580: The PvdA and the CDA. The increasingly close cooperation between PPR, PSP, CPN and EVP, and the ideological change that accompanied it was not without internal dissent within the parties. The ideological change that CPN made from official communism to ' reformism ' led to a split in the CPN; and the subsequent founding of the League of Communists in the Netherlands in 1982. In 1983, a group of "deep" Greens split from

3520-799: The Vereniging Groen Links – had seats on ratio of the number of their members. Originally, the three youth organisations, the CPN-linked General Dutch Youth League , the PSP-linked Pacifist Socialist Young Working Groups and the PPR-linked Political Party of Radical Youth refused to merge, but under pressure of the government (who controlled their subsidies) they did merge to form DWARS . In 1990, some opposition formed against

3600-424: The association GroenLinks (Dutch: Vereniging GroenLinks ; VGL) was set up to allow sympathisers, not member of any of the four parties to join. Meanwhile, the European elections of 1989 were held, in which the same group of parties had entered as a single list under the name " Rainbow ". In practice, the merger of the parties had now happened and the party GroenLinks was officially founded on 24 November 1990. In

3680-486: The attempt to write the first manifesto of principles failed because of the difference between socialists and communists on the one side and the more liberal former PPR members on the other side. The second manifesto of principles – which was not allowed to be called that – was adopted after a lengthy debate and many amendments in 1991. Although the party was internally divided, the GroenLinks parliamentary party

3760-503: The autumn of that year. This time the EVP was included in the discussion. The PPR was represented for a short while by an informal delegation led by former chair Wim de Boer , because the party board did not want to be seen re-entering the negotiations it had left only a short while earlier. In the summer of 1989, the party congresses of all four parties accepted to enter the elections with a shared programme and list of candidates. Additionally,

3840-611: The committee elected its executive board. Executive committee chair was Boudewijn Oranje ( D66 ), and the other members were Jeanine van Pinxteren ( GL ) and Roeland Rengelink ( PvdA ). For the period 2018-2022 is Dehlia Timman (succeeded Mascha ten Bruggencate in July 2021) chair (both D66), the two other members are Micha Vos and Ilse Griek (both GreenLeft). The borough office (Dutch: stadsdeelkantoor ; English: district office; also known as stadsloket in Dutch) of Amsterdam-Centrum

3920-566: The election and participated in the formation talks of a Green/ Purple government . Halsema resigned as party leader when these talks failed and was succeeded by Jolande Sap . In the 2012 general election , GroenLinks lost six seats and was left with four out of 150 seats. Following the disappointing result, Sap was forced to resign as party leader and was succeeded by Bram van Ojik , who in turn handed his position to Jesse Klaver in 2015. Under Klaver's leadership, GroenLinks gradually rose in polls before climbing to an all-time high of 14 seats in

4000-406: The electoral alliance. In the 1986 general election , all four parties lost seats. The CPN and the EVP disappeared from parliament. The PPR was left with two and the PSP with one seat. While the parties were preparing to enter in the 1990 elections separately, the pressure to cooperate increased. In 1989, the PPR, CPN and PSP entered the 1989 European Parliament election with a single list, called

4080-506: The end of tram line 2 was on the Schippersgracht. This was canceled after six months and shortened to Central Station . Amsterdam-Centrum Amsterdam-Centrum is the inner-most borough and historical city centre of Amsterdam , Netherlands , containing the majority of the city's landmarks. Established in 2002, Amsterdam-Centrum was the last area in the city to be granted the status of self-governing borough. The borough

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4160-577: The fact that many skippers lived here. There are a number of monumental buildings from the 17th century on Schippersgracht, including numbers 14 and 15. The Amsterdam architect Herman Hendrik Baanders (1849–1905) designed Schippersgracht 5 (1897). Baanders was mainly active in Amsterdam. In April 1854 the Amsterdamsche Duinwater-Maatschappij started installation of drinking water on the Schippersgracht. Around 1906

4240-437: The formation of a single progressive party to the left of the Labour Party . Lagendijk and Platvoet had been taking part in informal meetings between prominent PSP, PPR and CPN-members, who favoured cooperation. Other participants were PPR chairman Bram van Ojik and former CPN leader Ina Brouwer . These talks were called "F.C. Sittardia" or Cliché bv. In the spring of 1989, the PSP party board initiated formal talks between

4320-552: The integrity of former MP Tara Singh Varma came into doubt: it was revealed that she had lied about her illness and that she had made promises to development organisations which she did not fulfill. In 2000, she had left parliament because as she claimed, she had only a few months to live before she would die of cancer. The TROS program "Opgelicht" (In English "Framed") revealed that she had lied and that she did not have cancer. Later, she apologised on public television and claimed she suffered from post-traumatic stress disorder . In

4400-415: The internal elections. Before the general election of 1994 , GroenLinks organised an internal election on the party's political leadership. Two duos entered: Ina Brouwer (former CPN) combined with Mohammed Rabbae (independent), while Paul Rosenmöller (independent) formed a combination with Leoni Sipkes (former PSP); there were also five individual candidates, including Wim de Boer (former chair of

4480-495: The largest centre-left party in the Netherlands. The founding parties were the (formerly-communist) Communist Party of the Netherlands (CPN), the Pacifist Socialist Party (PSP), which originated in the peace movement , the green -influenced Political Party of Radicals (PPR), originally a progressive Christian party, and the progressive Christian Evangelical People's Party . These four parties were frequently classified as "small left"; to indicate their marginal existence. In

4560-439: The largest party in 1986 got the top candidate (the lead candidate , Ria Beckers ) and the number five; the PSP got the numbers two and six, the CPN the number three and the EVP number eleven. The first independent candidate was Paul Rosenmöller , trade unionist from Rotterdam, on the fourth place. In the elections, the party doubled its seats in comparison to 1986 (from three to six), but the expectations had been much higher. In

4640-529: The list. On 18 April 2010, the party congress composed the list of candidates for the 2010 general election . Two sitting MPs Ineke van Gent and Femke Halsema were granted dispensation to stand for a fourth term. Halsema was re-elected as party leader. Van Gent was put as fifth on the party list. All of the first five candidates were sitting MPs and four were women. Their other high newcomers were former Greenpeace director Liesbeth van Tongeren and chairman of CNV youth Jesse Klaver . The party won 10 seats in

4720-416: The long term, it seeks to abolish the monarchy and create a republic . It also favours a reduction of the size of the government bureaucracy, for instance by decreasing the number of Dutch ministries and abolishing the Senate . Finally, GroenLinks favours liberal immigration and asylum policies. It wants to empower victims of human trafficking by giving them a residence permit and it wants to abolish

4800-656: The moderate, green course of GroenLinks. Several former PSP members united in the "Left Forum" in 1992 – they would leave the party to join former PSP-leader Van der Spek to found the PSP'92 . Similarly, former members of the CPN joined the League of Communists in the Netherlands to found the New Communist Party in the same year. In 1991, the congresses of the four founding parties (PSP, PPR, CPN and EVP) decided to officially abolish their parties. GroenLinks had considerable problems formulating its own ideology. In 1990,

4880-541: The new political space and the position of the left within that space. During the congress of February 2007 the party board was ordered to organise a party-wide discussion about the party's principles. During the European Elections congress of 2004, the candidacy committee proposed that the chair of the GroenLinks delegation, Joost Lagendijk , should become the party's lead candidate in those elections. A group of members, led by Senator Leo Platvoet submitted

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4960-424: The others, but neither had an absolute majority . A second round was needed, in which Brouwer and Rabbae won with 51%. Brouwer became the first candidate and Rabbae second, the second duo Rosenmöller and Sipkes occupied the following place followed by Marijke Vos , former chair of the party. The idea of a dual lead candidacy did not communicate well to the voters. GroenLinks lost one seat, leaving only five. Yet in

5040-419: The parliamentary party changed its position: the attacks should be cancelled. The 2002 general election was characterised by changes in the political climate. The right-wing populist political commentator Pim Fortuyn entered into politics. He had an anti-establishment message, combined with a call for restrictions on immigration . Although his critique was oriented at the second Kok cabinet , Rosenmöller

5120-429: The parties campaigned together as GroenLinks-PvdA for the 2024 European Parliament election . GroenLinks describes itself as " green ", " social " and " tolerant ". The party's voters are concentrated in larger cities, particularly in college towns . GroenLinks was founded in 1989 as a merger of four parties that were to the left of the Labour Party (PvdA), a social-democratic party which has traditionally been

5200-479: The party board has set up a commission led by former MP and chair of the PPR Bram van Ojik . They looked into the lost series of elections. In the summer of 2007 another committee was formed to organise a larger debate about the course of the party's principles, organisation and strategy. Van Ojik also led this committee. The committee implemented a motion already adopted by the party's congress in 2006 to re-evaluate

5280-761: The party does not want to defend the current welfare state – which the party calls "powerless", because it merely offers the worst-off a benefit rather than prospects for work. The party wants to reform the Dutch welfare state so it will benefit "outsiders" – those who have been excluded from the welfare state until now. To increase employment, the GroenLinks proposes a participation contract, where unemployment recipients sign an agreement with their local council to become involved in volunteer work, schooling, or work experience projects – for which they get paid minimum wage. The unemployment benefit should be increased and limited to one year. In this period, people would have to look for

5360-410: The party's principle in light of the party's course started by Halsema in 2004. Over the course of 2007 and 2008 the committee organised an internal debate about the party's principles, organisation and strategy. In November 2008 this led to the adoption of a new manifesto of principles. In August 2008, GroenLinks parliamentarian Wijnand Duyvendak published a book in which he admitted to a burglary of

5440-449: The party, has started a debate about the ideological course of GroenLinks. She emphasised the freedom-loving tradition of the left and chose freedom as a key value. Her course is called left-liberal by herself and observers, although Halsema herself claims that she does not want to force an ideological change. Following Isaiah Berlin , Halsema distinguishes between positive and negative freedom . According to Halsema, negative freedom

5520-470: The party, or at least so the party board claimed. When Pormes refused to step down, the party board threatened to expel him. Pormes fought this decision. The party council of March 2006 sided with Pormes. Party chair Herman Meijer felt forced to resign. He was succeeded by Henk Nijhof who was chosen by the party council in May 2006. In November 2006 Pormes left the Senate, he was replaced by Goos Minderman . In

5600-510: The political course and the leadership of Halsema re-erupted. The debate does not just concern the series of lost elections and the decision not to participate in the formation talks, but also the elitist image of the party, the new liberal course, initiated by Halsema, and the lack of party democracy. Since the last weeks of January 2007 several prominent party members have voiced their doubts including former leader Ina Brouwer , Senator Leo Platvoet and MEP Joost Lagendijk . In reaction to this

5680-408: The position of "outsiders" on the labour market, such as migrant youth, single parents, workers with short term-contracts and people with disabilities. It disagrees with the parties on the right which, in the eyes of GroenLinks, were only oriented towards cutting costs and did not offer the worst-off a chance for work, emancipation and participation. But, unlike the other opposition parties of the left,

5760-559: The same day as the city's central municipal council . Each district committee elects three of its members to form an executive committee ( dagelijks bestuur ). The district committees' jurisdiction is determined by the central municipal council . Responsibilities delegated to the 2014 district committees include parks and recreation, streets and squares, refuse collection, permits and events, preparation of zoning plans, passports and drivers licenses, and welfare work. The former district council of Amsterdam-Centrum originally had 27 members but

5840-420: The same election, the centre-left Labour Party also lost a lot of seats. After the disappointing elections, Brouwer left parliament. She was replaced as party leader by Paul Rosenmöller and her seat was taken by Tara Singh Varma . The charismatic Rosenmöller became the "unofficial leader" of the opposition against the first Kok cabinet because the largest opposition party, the Christian Democratic Appeal ,

5920-434: The same year, the parliamentary party supported the invasion of Afghanistan after the terrorist attacks of September 11 . This invasion led to great upheaval within the party. Several former PSP members within the House of Representatives parliamentary party began to openly speak out their doubts about the intervention. Under pressure of internal opposition, led by former PSP members and the party's youth organisation DWARS ,

6000-417: The two mass protests against the placement of nuclear weapons , which took place in 1981 and 1983. The Evangelical People's Party was a relatively new party, founded in 1981, as a splinter group from the Christian Democratic Appeal , the largest party of the Dutch centre-right . During its period in parliament, 1982–1986, it had trouble positioning itself between the small left parties (PSP, PPR and CPN),

6080-411: The war , for instance by organising its party congress in Amsterdam at the day of the large demonstration, with an interval allowing its members to join the protest. At the end of 2003, Halsema temporarily left parliament to give birth to her twins . During her absence Marijke Vos took her place as chair of the parliamentary party. When she returned to parliament, Halsema started a discussion about

6160-418: Was enlarged in 2006 with two extra members. The last district executive board president was Jeanine van Pinxteren ( GL , 2010–2014), who succeeded Els Iping ( PvdA , 2006–2010) and Anne Lize van der Stoel ( VVD , 2002–2006). The new district committee of Amsterdam-Centrum consists of 13 members. It was elected on 19 March 2014 with five national political parties represented in the committee. On 7 April 2014,

6240-439: Was one of the few politicians who could muster some resistance against his message. Days before the election, Fortuyn was assassinated . Ab Harrewijn, GroenLinks MP and candidate also died. Before and after the elections serious threats were made against Rosenmöller, his wife and his children. These events caused considerable stress for Rosenmöller. GroenLinks lost one seat in the election, although it had gained more votes than in

6320-468: Was the only party in the Dutch parliament which opposed the Gulf War . A debate within the party about the role military intervention led to a more-nuanced standpoint than the pacifism of some of its predecessors: GroenLinks would support peacekeeping missions as long as they were mandated by the United Nations . In the fall of 1990, MEP Verbeek announced that he would not, as he had promised, leave

6400-431: Was unable to adapt well to its new role as opposition party. Rosenmöller set out a new strategy: GroenLinks should offer alternatives instead of only rejecting the proposals made by the government. In the 1998 general election , GroenLinks more than doubled its seats to eleven. The charisma of "unofficial leader" Rosenmöller played an important role in this. Many new faces entered parliament, including Femke Halsema ,

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