Provinces
26-579: Shunde ( Shun Tak in Cantonese) is a district of the city of Foshan , Guangdong province, located in the Pearl River Delta . It had a population of 2,464,784 as of the 2010 census. Once a traditional agricultural county, it has become one of the most affluent counties in Guangdong and mainland China. Since 2009 it has been administered independently of Foshan city, answerable directly to
52-565: A district of Foshan prefecture-level city . Shunde has direct jurisdiction over four subdistricts and six towns : Unique as a district of any prefecture-level city in China, Shunde has been granted a degree of prefecture-level administrative autonomy over certain matters, notably economic development, independent of Foshan city, and has been answerable directly to the Guangdong Provincial government since 2009. Situated in
78-427: A sub-provincial city are sub-prefecture-level; and districts of a prefecture-level city are county-level . The term was also formerly used to refer to obsolete county-controlled districts (also known as district public office ). However, if the word district is encountered in the context of ancient Chinese history , then it is a translation for xian , another type of administrative division in China. Before
104-462: A district. After the 1990s, county-controlled districts began to be phased out, and their role was taken over by larger towns or townships created by merging smaller ones. At the end of 2014, there was just one county-controlled district left in China: (See Administrative divisions of China for how these two types of districts fit into the general administrative hierarchy of mainland China.) If
130-567: A driver for sustainable urban development, social inclusion and enhanced cultural influence in the world. By joining the network, cities commit to collaborate and develop partnerships with a view to promoting creativity and cultural industries, to share best practices, to strengthen participation in cultural life and to integrate culture in economic and social development plans. The network covers seven thematic areas: craft and folk arts, design, film, gastronomy, Literature, media arts and music. It aims to promote international cooperation and encourage
156-562: A four-lobed tubular-based corolla ('petals'). The flowers grow in small panicles , and in several species have a strong fragrance. The fruit is a small (10–15 mm), hard-skinned dark blue to purple drupe containing a single seed . The generic name Osmanthus is composed of two parts: the Greek words osma meaning smell or fragrance, and anthos meaning flower. Species accepted: Species transferred to Cartrema : Osmanthus are popular shrubs in parks and gardens throughout
182-505: A long history of consuming water buffalo cheese and milk products (particularly double skin milk dessert), which is why the township had begun promoting itself as the “Township of Milk and Honey” Shunde was a center for the development of the mulberry and sericulture industry in Guangdong province during the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty. It was at this time that the Comb Sister culture emerged from Shunde in opposition to
208-488: A new technology industrial park has also been opened in this area, featuring car manufacturers such as Toyota . Major Chinese companies such as Galanz , Kelon , Country Garden and Midea , has its headquarters in Shunde District. Shunde was approved as a pilot city for the comprehensive reform of Guangdong in 1993, and also for taking the lead in accomplishing modernization in 1999. From 2000 to 2003, Shunde
234-452: Is a favorite garden shrub. Its small deep golden flowers appear in short-stalked clusters in late autumn. It has an intense sweet fragrance. A variant with white flowers ( gin-mokusei ) is also popular. The flowers of O. fragrans are used throughout East Asia for their scent and flavour, which is likened to apricot and peach . In China, osmanthus tea combines sweet osmanthus flowers with black or green tea leaves. In Liuzhou, it
260-446: Is a sub-county in China. A branch of a county government, a district public office (Chinese: 区公所 ; pinyin: Qū gōngsuǒ ) is the administrative office in a district; it is not a local government . A county-controlled district was once an important subdivision of a county all over China from the 1950s to 1990s. It was common for there to be about five to ten districts in a county, then about three to five towns and townships in
286-458: Is used to flavor a locally brewed beer. Sweet osmanthus and osmanthus tea are particularly associated with the city of Guilin whose name translates to "Forest of Sweet Osmanthus". Chinese osmanthus dishes also include a steamed bread made from blended rice and wheat flour and chestnuts boiled with dried osmanthus flowers. Osmanthus wine is prepared by infusing whole Osmanthus fragrans flowers in huangjiu or other types of rice wine and
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#1732801985168312-819: The Qinghui Garden , which features fish ponds surrounded by osmanthus , bamboo and mulberry bushes, as well as the Bruce Lee Memorial Museum located in Jun'an . Shunfengshan Park was opened to the public in 2004 and has a memorial archway which is 88 metres (289 ft) wide and 38 metres (125 ft) high. Baolin Temple is accessible through the park. Travelling from Shunde is easy with many different options. There are ferries and buses that go directly to Hong Kong, including an option to Hong Kong International Airport. Bus tickets can be purchased at
338-536: The xian of China.) Osmanthus Osmanthus / ɒ z ˈ m æ n θ ə s / is a genus of about 30 species of flowering plants in the family Oleaceae . Most of the species are native to eastern Asia (China, Japan, Korea, Southeast Asia , the Himalayas , etc.) with a few species from the Caucasus , New Caledonia , and Sumatra . Osmanthus has been known in China since ancient times with
364-684: The 1980s, cities in China were administrative divisions containing mostly urban, built-up areas, with very little farmland, except for the immediate suburbs in order to ensure a large supply of food or raw materials. As a result, districts were also mostly urban or suburban in nature. After the 1980s, prefectures began to be replaced with prefecture-level cities . From then on, "cities" in mainland China became just like any other administrative division, containing urban areas, towns, villages, and farmland. These cities are subdivided into districts, counties , autonomous counties , and county-level cities . At
390-564: The Guangdong provincial government. According to archaeological discoveries, human settlements appeared during the Spring and Autumn period . In the third year of Jinghai era (1452 AD), after the Ming dynasty suppressed the rebellion led by Huang Xiao Yang ( 黃蕭養 ), Shunde county was formally established. Before that, this area was part of Nam Hoi county (Nanhai Xian) and Sun Hui county (Xinhui Xian). The people of Daliang subdistrict of Shunde have
416-570: The New World Centre Hotel. Macau is easily accessible by train, taking less than an hour. Guangzhou is accessible by train, taxi or bus. China’s southern city of Shunde joined the UNESCO Creative Cities Network as the city of gastronomy on Monday. Another 27 cities from 19 countries were also added to the list. Shunde has long been widely regarded as the basis for exquisite Cantonese cuisine and
442-444: The context of China , is used to refer to several unrelated political divisions in both ancient and modern China. In the modern context, district ( 区 ), formally city-governed district , city-controlled district , or municipal district ( 市辖区 ), are subdivisions of a municipality or a prefecture-level city . The rank of a district derives from the rank of its city. Districts of a municipality are prefecture-level ; districts of
468-573: The cradle of Cantonese cuisine chefs. While the cuisine of Guangzhou has been historically very minimalist in terms of flavorings, food from Shunde is known for its liberal use of ingredients such as sun dried tangerine peel and dates, resulting in simple but powerful flavors. Launched in 2004, the UNESCO Creative Cities Network is celebrating its 10th anniversary this year. The network aims to foster international cooperation between cities committed to investing in creativity as
494-533: The earliest writings coming from the Warring States period; the book Sea and Mountain. South Mountain states: "Zhaoyao Mountain had a lot of Osmanthus". Osmanthus range in size from shrubs to medium-sized trees , 2–12 m (7–39 ft) tall. The leaves are opposite, evergreen , and simple, with an entire, serrated or coarsely toothed margin. The flowers are produced in spring, summer or autumn, each flower being about 1 cm long, white, with
520-599: The fertile Pearl River Delta , its economy was once dominated by agriculture, fisheries and silk farming . Since the implementation of policies related to reform and openness began in 1978, the people of this area were given full control over their geographical position and culture. This has allowed Shunde to gradually develop into a modern industrial boomtown , especially the manufacturing of furniture and electric appliances . Major Mainland Chinese product brands are headquartered in Shunde with major production facilities. Recently
546-1155: The same time, counties and county-level cities began to be replaced with districts, especially after 1990. From then onwards, districts were no longer strictly urban entities—some districts today are just like counties, with large towns and townships under them governing rural areas. A regular district under a municipality or prefecture-level city . A type of city districts that are specially created for ethnic minorities . Currently there are five such "ethnic districts": three in Henan , one in Heilongjiang , and one in Inner Mongolia . One county-level special district, located in Guizhou . One special sub-prefectural-level forestry district, located in Hubei . A county-controlled district , sometimes translated as county-governed district ; county district ; or sub-county (Chinese: 县辖区，区 ; pinyin: Xiànxiáqū, Qū )
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#1732801985168572-1530: The sharing of experiences and resources to promote local development through culture and creativity. [1] With these new designations, the number of UNESCO Creative Cities Network members now totals 69. Martial artist Bruce Lee 's ancestral roots are traced to Gwan'on ( Jun'an ) in Seundak (Shunde). A street in the village is named after the actor, and his ancestral home is open to the public. Other notable figures who are natives or trace their ancestry to Shunde include: District (PRC) Autonomous regions Sub-provincial autonomous prefectures Autonomous prefectures Leagues (Aimag) (abolishing) Prefectures Provincial-controlled cities Provincial-controlled counties Autonomous counties County-level cities Districts Ethnic districts Banners (Hoxu) Autonomous banners Shennongjia Forestry District Liuzhi Special District Wolong Special Administrative Region Workers and peasants districts Ethnic townships Towns Subdistricts Subdistrict bureaux Sum Ethnic sum County-controlled districts County-controlled district bureaux (obsolete) Management committees Town-level city Areas Villages · Gaqa · Ranches Village Committees Communities Capital cities New areas Autonomous administrative divisions National Central Cities History: before 1912 , 1912–49 , 1949–present The term district , in
598-514: The strict patriarchal feudal system, allowing unmarried women to live financially independent with the social pressure of marriage lifted. After the fall of the Qing Dynasty in 1911, the feudal system and the silk production industry collapsed, ending the local Comb Sister custom. The first outbreak of the 2002–2004 SARS outbreak was recorded in Shunde on 16 November 2002. Shunde was a county-level city until 8 December 2002, when it became
624-399: The warm temperate zone. Several hybrids and cultivars have been developed. Osmanthus flower on old wood and produce more flowers if unpruned. A pruned shrub often produces few or no flowers for one to five or more years, before the new growth matures sufficiently to start flowering. In Japan, Osmanthus fragrans Lour. var. aurantiacus Makino (fragrant orange-colored olive) ( kin-mokusei )
650-422: The word "district" is encountered in the context of ancient Chinese history , then the word is a translation for xian , another type of administrative division in China. Xian has been translated using several English terms. In the context of ancient history, "district" and "prefecture" are commonly used, while "county" is used for more contemporary contexts. (See Counties of China for more information on
676-734: Was ranked first among China's top 100 counties for Basic Economic Competitiveness for four consecutive years (released by National Bureau of Statistics of China ). In 2005, Shunde's GDP was 2,170 billion yuan. Today, this area has become one of the most affluent counties in Guangdong and mainland China (according to official information from the Chinese government and the United Nations ). The GDP reached 127.5 billion yuan in 2007, an annual increase of 18%, and GDP per capita reached 107,991 yuan (ca. US$ 14,200). Tourist attractions include
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