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57-612: It is formed at Willimantic by the junction of the Willimantic and Natchaug rivers. It flows southeast and south. Approximately 4 miles (6 km) northeast of Norwich it receives the Quinebaug River and broadens into a wide estuary which stretches southeast for approximately 5 miles (8 km) and joins the Thames estuary on the south side of Norwich. The river flows through a rural section of New England , despite

114-527: A center for the production of silk and cotton thread. Various groups of immigrants arrived over the years to work in the mills. The city was a major rail hub; in the early twentieth century, as many as a hundred trains ran through Willimantic daily. Ornate Victorian homes were built in the town's Prospect Hill section, and the town prospered, growing from a population of less than 5,000 in 1860 to more than 12,100 by 1910. But hard times followed; American Thread moved to North Carolina in 1985 and without it,

171-595: A clone of Thanos . Algonquian languages The Algonquian languages ( / æ l ˈ ɡ ɒ ŋ k ( w ) i ə n / al- GONG -k(w)ee-ən ; also Algonkian ) are a family of Indigenous languages of the Americas and most of the languages in the Algic language family are included in the group. The name of the Algonquian language family is distinguished from the orthographically similar Algonquin dialect of

228-573: A fish consumption advisory in effect for those three rivers. The entire length of the river, as well as the lower part of the Natchaug River flowing into it, is a popular recreational paddling route. The water trail is designated as a National Recreation Trail . Canoe/Kayak launch sites are located at the following locations: Short, marked portages are required at four hydroelectric dams: Scotland Dam, Occum Dam, Taftville Dam, and Greenville Dam. Willimantic, Connecticut Willimantic

285-560: A four-year liberal arts college, is located in Willimantic, as is a satellite campus of Quinebaug Valley Community College . Before it was re-incorporated into Windham , Willimantic had a series of mayors; the Town of Windham was administered by a board of selectmen until 2009, when it changed to use a town council/town manager system with an elected mayor. As part of Windham, it is part of Connecticut's 2nd congressional district ; in

342-449: A noun, that it must be a purely linguistic characterization. Anthropological linguists have conversely argued the strong connection between animacy and items viewed as having spiritual importance. Another important distinction involves the contrast between nouns marked as proximate and those marked as obviative . Proximate nouns are those deemed most central or important to the discourse, while obviative nouns are those less important to

399-739: A population of 29,669 as of the 2010 census. Willimantic's first factory was built in 1822 on Main Street by Charles Lee, followed by the first of the Jillson Mills in 1824. The Jillson Mills were bought in 1854 by a group of investors from Hartford, who formed the Willimantic Linen Company . In 1879, the Company built a woodworking factory to source its spools in Howard, Maine, which was renamed Willimantic in 1881. In 1880,

456-459: A single word. Ex: ( Menominee ) paehtāwāēwesew "He is heard by higher powers" ( paeht - 'hear', - āwāē - 'spirit', - wese - passivizer, - w third-person subject) or ( Plains Cree ) kāstāhikoyahk "it frightens us". These languages have been extensively studied by Leonard Bloomfield , Ives Goddard , and others. Algonquian nouns have an animate/inanimate contrast: some nouns are classed as animate , while all other nouns are inanimate . There

513-566: A subsidiary of Hartford HealthCare, is a 130-bed community hospital serving the area. The Veterans Administration also runs an outpatient primary-care facility on Main Street. Generations Family Health Center, a Federally Qualified Health Center , is also located on Mansfield Avenue. Willimantic is served by The Chronicle , a local paper founded in 1877 with continuous service since then, which also serves other towns in Eastern Connecticut. Two commercial radio stations serve

570-760: A year, the Willimantic Victorian Neighborhood Association offers tours of homes in the Prospect Hill Historic District as part of a "Victorian Days" event. Starting in 2002, on the third Thursday of each month from May to September, the town holds the Third Thursday Street Fest on Main Street, an arts festival with live music and street vendors. The event is run by Willimantic Renaissance, a local nonprofit organization, and draws about eight thousand attendees. Willimantic

627-771: Is a census-designated place located in Windham, Connecticut , United States. Previously organized as a city and later as a borough , Willimantic is currently one of two tax districts within the Town of Windham. Willimantic is located within Windham County and the Southeastern Connecticut Planning Region . Known as "Thread City" for the American Thread Company's mills along the Willimantic River , it

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684-621: Is a road bridge over the Willimantic River, opened to traffic in September 2000, featuring eight-foot high, green-painted bronze frogs sitting on concrete thread spools to represent Willimantic's history in textiles as well as the local legend of the Windham Frog Fight of 1754 . Willimantic holds a Boom Box Parade every 4 July where, instead of a marching band performing, residents bring boom boxes tuned to WILI ,

741-558: Is additionally served by the Willimantic Bypass ( US 6 ), a controlled-access highway . Notably, the only connections to the outside world are via surface roads, as the Willimantic Bypass is only divided between its two intersections with Route 66. In the 1960s, Interstate 84 was intended to connect Willimantic to Hartford in the west and Providence in the east, but the plan was eventually abandoned. Though

798-418: Is home to a wealth of Victorian-era architecture. Prospect Hill Historic District is a National Register-listed historic district containing 993 buildings. Windham Town Hall , formerly Willimantic City Hall, is a Romanesque Revival building housing the town offices for Windham and Willimantic. The Windham Textile and History Museum preserves and presents the history of the neighboring Jillson Mills and

855-500: Is incorrect, and that Central Algonquian (in which he includes the Plains Algonquian languages) is a genetic subgroup, with Eastern Algonquian consisting of several different subgroups. However, this classification scheme has failed to gain acceptance from other specialists in the Algonquian languages. Instead, the commonly accepted subgrouping scheme is that proposed by Ives Goddard (1994). The essence of this proposal

912-621: Is known for its collection of Victorian-era houses and other buildings in the hill section, the Romanesque Revival town hall and several crossings of the Willimantic River, including the Willimantic Footbridge and the "Frog Bridge" . It is home to Eastern Connecticut State University and the Windham Textile and History Museum . As of 2020, Willimantic had a population of 18,149 people. Willimantic

969-483: Is named for the Willimantic River which passes through it. The word was first attested in English writing as Waramanticut in 1684, and later as Wallamanticuk , Wewemantic and Weammantuck before being standardized as Willimantic . The word is of Algonquian origin, either Mohegan-Pequot or Narragansett . It is commonly translated as "land of the swift running water", but the word more likely means "place near

1026-405: Is ongoing debate over whether there is a semantic significance to the categorization of nouns as animate or inanimate, with scholars arguing for it as either a clearly semantic issue, or a purely syntactic issue, along with a variety of arguments in between. More structurally inclined linguistic scholars have argued that since there is no consistent semantic system for determining the animacy of

1083-530: Is served by Windham Public Schools, which administers public schools in Willimantic as well as in the rest of Windham. Willimantic itself has a public preschool, the Windham Early Childhood Center, as well as Sweeney Elementary and Natchaug School for primary education, Windham Middle School for middle-school education, and Windham High School for high-school students. Middle-school students can also apply for admission by lottery to

1140-678: Is sometimes said to have included the extinct Beothuk language of Newfoundland , whose speakers were both in geographic proximity to Algonquian speakers and who share DNA in common with the Algonquian-speaking Miꞌkmaq . However, linguistic evidence is scarce and poorly recorded, and it is unlikely that reliable evidence of a connection can be found. The Algonquian language family is known for its complex polysynthetic morphology and sophisticated verb system. Statements that take many words to say in English can be expressed with

1197-448: Is that Proto-Algonquian originated with people to the west who then moved east, although Goddard did not attempt to identify a specific western urheimat for Proto-Algonquian in his 1994 paper. By this scenario, Blackfoot was the first language to branch off, which coincides well with its being the most divergent language of Algonquian. In west-to-east order, the subsequent branchings were: This historical reconstruction accords best with

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1254-562: The 2010 US Census , there were 17,737 people, 5,812 households, and 3,324 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 4,031 inhabitants per square mile (1,556/km ). There were 6,282 housing units at an average density of 1,428 per square mile (551/km ). The racial makeup of the CDP was 66.0% White , 7.5% African American , 0.6% Native American , 1.9% Asian , 0.1% Pacific Islander , 20.2% from other races, and 3.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 39.8% of

1311-623: The Connecticut Senate , the 29th district, and in the Connecticut House of Representatives , most of it is in the 49th district, with some western parts in the 48th district. Willimantic was the county seat of Windham County from 1893 to 1960, when the county system was abolished. The Windham Judicial District building is in downtown Willimantic as well. Willimantic is served by several state routes: Route 14 , Route 32 , Route 66 , Route 195 , and Route 289 . It

1368-584: The Plateau region of Idaho and Oregon or the Rocky Mountain-Great Plains boundary of Montana , dropping off subgroups as people migrated. Goddard also points out that there is clear evidence for pre-historical contact between Eastern Algonquian and Cree-Montagnais, as well as between Cheyenne and Arapaho–Gros Ventre. There has long been especially extensive back-and-forth influence between Cree and Ojibwe. It has been suggested that

1425-607: The United States Census Bureau , the census-designated place (CDP) has a total area of 4.5 square miles (12 km ), of which 4.4 square miles (11 km ) is land and 0.1 square miles (0.26 km ) (2.23%) is water. The Willimantic River and the Natchaug River converge to form the Shetucket River in southeastern Willimantic. The Hop River also flows into the Willimantic River at

1482-430: The "Eastern Great Lakes" languages – what Goddard has called "Core Central", e.g., Ojibwe–Potawatomi, Shawnee, Sauk–Fox–Kickapoo, and Miami-Illinois (but not Cree–Montagnais or Menominee) – may also constitute their own genetic grouping within Algonquian. They share certain intriguing lexical and phonological innovations. However, this theory has not yet been fully fleshed out and is still considered conjectural. Algonquian

1539-710: The Algonquian languages is their direct-inverse (also known as hierarchical ) morphosyntactic alignment , distinguishing between an unmarked voice where the subject outranks the object in a person hierarchy and a marked voice where the opposite relation obtains. Because Algonquian languages were some of the first with which Europeans came into contact in North America, the language family has given many words to English . Many eastern and midwestern U.S. states have names of Algonquian origin ( Massachusetts , Connecticut , Illinois , Michigan , Wisconsin , etc.), as do many cities: Milwaukee , Chicago , et al. Ottawa ,

1596-414: The CDP was $ 37,469, and the median income for a family was $ 45,254. Males had a median income of $ 37,111 versus $ 33,862 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $ 18,441. About 23.7% of families and 25.9% of the population were below the poverty line , including 38.4% of those under age 18 and 9.3% of those age 65 or over. The Willimantic urban cluster is an area surrounding the CDP, which has

1653-777: The Charles H. Barrows STEM Academy in Windham. Additionally, Willimantic contains the Arts at the Capitol Theater Performing Arts High School, administered by EASTCONN, and Windham Technical High School , part of the Connecticut Technical High School System . There is also a private Christian school, St. Mary-St. Joseph School, serving Pre-K through eighth grade. Eastern Connecticut State University ,

1710-610: The Indigenous Ojibwe language (Chippewa), which is a senior member of the Algonquian language family. The term Algonquin has been suggested to derive from the Maliseet word elakómkwik ( pronounced [ɛlæˈɡomoɡwik] ), "they are our relatives/allies". Speakers of Algonquian languages stretch from the east coast of North America to the Rocky Mountains . The proto-language from which all of

1767-461: The Tracks , in Willimantic, and in 2011, he returned to film the majority of his third feature, House of Dust , on the campus of Eastern Connecticut State University and various other locations in town. In Marvel Comics " Avengers: Celestial Quest ", Mantis recounts raising her son, Sequoia , in Willimantic for a year. One of her fragmented manifestations would later return and be found by

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1824-552: The Willimantic Linen Company built its Mill No. 4, the first industrial building designed for electric lighting and the world's largest cotton mill at the time, which stood until it was burned down by two teenagers in 1995. The company was acquired by American Thread Company in 1898, and expanded production. The mill closed when the company moved operations to North Carolina in 1985. Major employers include Willimantic Waste Paper Company, which specializes in

1881-594: The Willimantic area: WILI AM 1400 (with a translator station to 95.3 FM), a news/talk/sports station, and its sister station WILI-FM 98.3, a top 40 station. Eastern Connecticut State University also broadcasts WECS , the local NPR affiliate, on FM 90.1. Connecticut State Troubadour Hugh Blumenfeld wrote a "Willimantic Trilogy" of songs about the city from 1990 to 1995: "Thread City", "Main Street Sky", and "How Long". In 2007, writer-director A.D. Calvo filmed portions of his debut film, The Other Side of

1938-482: The city from 1991 to 1995. Windham Airport ( IJD ), a nearby general aviation airport, is the only airport that directly serves the CDP. Bradley International Airport ( BDL ) in Windsor Locks is the closest commercial airport. The Airline Trail South crosses the Willimantic River to enter Willimantic on a 2016 built path that ends at Bridge St. The Airline Trail North starts on Jackson St. across

1995-595: The city was a major rail hub, Interstate 84 only skirted the area between 1970 and 1983, until plans to continue the highway eastward were scrapped by 1984, after which time U.S. 6 was moved to the Willimatic Bypass. Public transportation in Willimantic is provided by the Windham Region Transit District , which provides two in-town routes, and three intercity routes to Norwich , Danielson and Storrs . Historically, Willimantic

2052-512: The city. First, Europeans arrived to work in the mills— Irish , Italians , Poles , Germans and French Canadians . Later, Estonian , Ukrainian , Latvian , Lithuanian , and Puerto Rican immigrants moved to the town in search of mill jobs. As a mark of how strongly newcomers identified with their places of origin, Willimantic has many churches, even several from the same denomination: for example, one Catholic church for French Canadians, another for Irish, Polish and Italian immigrants. As of

2109-656: The classifications of Goddard (1996) and Mithun (1999). Extinct languages are marked with †, and endangered languages are noted as such. For dialects and subdialects, consult the separate main articles for each of the three divisions. Eastern Algonquian is a true genetic subgrouping. The Plains Algonquian and the Central Algonquian groups are not genetic groupings but rather areal groupings. Although these areal groups often do share linguistic features, these commonalities are usually attributed to language contact . Paul Proulx has argued that this traditional view

2166-542: The collection and recycling of fiber products, scrap metal, and co-mingled plastic refuse, as well as Brand-Rex Corporation, which maintains a manufacturing making specialty wire and cable for commercial and industrial customers. In January 2018, a fire destroyed the Willimantic Waste Paper processing plant, however it was rebuilt and is currently operating. On July 26, 2021, Casella Waste Systems purchased Willimantic Waste Paper Company. Willimantic

2223-491: The discourse. There are personal pronouns which distinguish three persons, two numbers (singular and plural), inclusive and exclusive first person plural , and proximate and obviative third persons. Verbs are divided into four classes: transitive verbs with an animate object (abbreviated "TA"), transitive verbs with an inanimate object ("TI"), intransitive verbs with an animate subject ("AI"), and intransitive verbs with an inanimate subject ("II"). A very notable feature of

2280-455: The evergreen swamp". The town of Willimantic, Maine , is named after Willimantic, Connecticut. The surrounding town of Windham was founded in 1693 on land bequeathed by the Mohegan people. The first settler in what is now Willimantic was Samuel Ashley, who bought property there in 1717. Until it was industrialized, the area was called "Willimantic Falls". The first mill to be established

2337-519: The historical presence of industry in the surrounding region. Parts of the rivers have been designated by the federal government as the Quinebaug and Shetucket Rivers Valley National Heritage Corridor . The National Park Service describes the river valley as the "last green valley" in the Boston -to- Washington megalopolis . In nighttime satellite photos, the valley appears distinctively dark amidst

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2394-431: The languages of the family descend, Proto-Algonquian , was spoken around 2,500 to 3,000 years ago. There is no scholarly consensus about where this language was spoken. This subfamily of around 30 languages is divided into three groups according to geography: Plains , Central , and Eastern Algonquian . Of the three, only Eastern Algonquian constitutes a true genetic subgroup. The languages are listed following

2451-739: The lights of the surrounding urban and suburban regions. Lisbon Sprague The Shetucket River has been tested for the presence of PFAS following the June 8, 2019 incident that spilled thousands of gallons of firefighting foam in the Farmington River . Elevated levels of PFAS were found in bass collected in the Shetucket River, Natchaug River and the Willimantic River . As of 2023, the Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection still mentions

2508-503: The local AM radio station. The tradition started on Memorial Day of 1986, when no marching band was available for a parade. The parade has received national attention from the Washington Post . For Valentine's Day , it runs a chocolate festival, including a baking contest. The event started with a popular set of T-shirts first printed in 1980, which led to the first crowning of a "Town Cupid" in 1982, now an annual event. Once

2565-440: The observed levels of divergence within the family, whereby the most divergent languages are found furthest west (since they constitute the earliest branchings during eastern migration), and the shallowest subgroupings are found furthest to the east (Eastern Algonquian, and arguably Core Central). This general west-to-east order is compatible with the proposal from J.P. Denny (1991) that Proto-Algonquian people may have moved east from

2622-437: The population, of whom the majority are (26.4%) Puerto Rican . Of the 5,812 households, just over one third (34.2%) included children under the age of 18, 30.6% were married couples living together, 20.2% had a female householder with no spouse present, and 42.8% were non-families. About 31.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.9% of households were one individual aged 65 or older. The average household size

2679-756: The rest of Willimantic during the Industrial Revolution . The Connecticut Eastern Railroad Museum , located where the Columbia Junction Freight Yard was, has a collection of locomotives and rolling stock, as well as a reconstructed six-stall roundhouse. Willimantic is the home of the Willimantic Footbridge . Built in 1907, it is the only footbridge in the United States to connect two state highways, as well as crossing all three major forms of transportation: road, rail, and river. The Thread City Crossing ("Frog Bridge")

2736-604: The south northward to Vermont, the Hartford, Providence and Fishkill Railroad (later purchased by the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad ) in 1849, running east-to-west, and finally a line of the New York and New England Railroad , running from Boston in the northeast towards New York via Middletown and New Haven in the southwest, in 1872, which also was acquired by the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad. Willimantic

2793-700: The street from Jillson Park , the trail then goes through the northeastern part of Willimantic before crossing the Natchuag River to leave the CDP and heading on to Putnam . The Hop River Trail enters Willimantic on CT 66 (crossing over the Willimantic River) shortly before departing to follow the river to the Airline Trail, where it ends. Electricity and gas service is provided by Eversource . Municipal water and sewer services are provided by Windham Water Works. Windham Hospital ,

2850-439: The town's economy foundered. The city consolidated back into the town in 1983. The poverty rate, at 25.9%, was more than double the state average in 2010. Heroin use, present since the 1960s, became a major public health problem in the early 2000s, declining somewhat by the 2010s. In 2002, The Hartford Courant ran an investigative series called "Heroin Town" describing rampant heroin use in Willimantic, disproportionate to

2907-546: The town's small size, which was followed by a 60 Minutes segment in 2003. The coverage upset local residents, and the state appointed a task force to study the issue. The Hotel Hooker, long known for drug use and prostitution, was renamed to the Seth Chauncey Hotel and put under new management in 2004, then renamed Windham House in 2005. Drug and prostitution arrests peaked in the late 2000s with increased enforcement, and began to fall by 2010. According to

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2964-535: The western border. Willimantic is, in part, bordered by rivers. Its western border follows the Willimantic River; its eastern border is formed by the Natchuag and Shetucket Rivers. The CDP borders the towns of Coventry , Mansfield , Columbia , and Lebanon . It also borders the CDPs of South Windham (which is in the same town as Willimantic) and Mansfield Center . Immigrants of many national origins populated

3021-399: Was 2.58 and the average family size was 3.21. In the CDP the population's age distribution was 21.5% under age 18, 31.0% from 18 to 24, 24.8% from 25 to 44, 19.0% from 45 to 64, and 8.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 26.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.3 males. For every 100 women ages 18 and over, there were 95.8 men. The median income for a household in

3078-560: Was a center of the textile industry in the 19th century. Originally incorporated as a city in 1893, it entered a period of decline after the Second World War, culminating in the mill's closure and the city's reabsorption into the town of Windham in the 1980s. Willimantic was populated by a series of ethnic groups migrating to the city to find work at the mills, originally Western European and French Canadian immigrants, later Eastern Europeans and Puerto Ricans . Architecturally, it

3135-438: Was a picking and carding facility for wool, in 1806. Other mills followed, most notably a series of thread mills starting in 1822. As the city grew, it was incorporated as a borough in 1833. Willimantic became known as "Thread City" for the proliferation of textile mills, primarily thread, along the river. Willimantic became a city when its charter was revised in 1893. Up to the outbreak of World War II , it continued to be

3192-490: Was also served by intercity trolley service: from 1903 to 1936, a line ran southeast to Norwich , and from 1909 to 1926, another ran northwest to Coventry . Both lines ended at the downtown railroad yard, but did not physically connect, as they did not cross the tracks. In the 19th century, three active rail lines passed through Willimantic: the Central Vermont Railway in 1849, running from New London in

3249-622: Was one of only a handful of stops between Boston and New York on the high-speed "White Train" of the 1890s. At its peak, the passenger rail system ran forty trains a day through Willimantic. The NH operated the Nutmeg and several unnamed local trains on an east–west route from Waterbury, through Hartford and Willimantic, and on east to Boston. These rail services ended in 1955 after a bridge was flooded out by Hurricane Diane . Currently no active passenger rail service stops at Willimantic station , though formerly Amtrak 's Montrealer stopped at

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