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34-630: The Shinwari tribe are descended from the Kasi Pashtun tribe settled in the southern districts of Nangarhar Province , in Haska Meyna , Achin , Rodat , Bati Kot , Kot , Chaprahar , Shinwar , Dor Baba and Nazian districts. A major portion of the tribe is centered in Jalalabad and Parwan province of Afghanistan, and Khyber Pass, Pakistan. These Shinwaris are mostly traders and businessmen. There are more than 3,000 Shinwaris settled in

68-700: A targeted strike on ISIL-KP by use of the second largest non-nuclear bomb in the U.S. arsenal at the time. The bomb was a 21,000 lb. weapon called the Massive Ordnance Air Blast Bomb; nicknamed the "Mother Of All Bombs" (MOAB). The intended target was ISIL militants hiding inside tunnels, most of whom came "from Bangladesh , Russia , India and other countries." It was the first time the MOAB had been used in combat. The percentage of households with clean drinking water fell from 43% in 2005 to 8% in 2011. The percentage of births attended to by

102-688: A 9th-century inscription discovered at Ghosrawa in present-day Bihar , India. Nà-jiā-luó-ā , the Chinese transcription of Nagarahara, appears in the annals of the Song dynasty of China. Henry Walter Bellew derived the name from the Sanskrit nava-vihara , meaning "nine viharas ". The province was originally part of the Achaemenid Empire , in the Gandhara satrapy (province). The people in

136-527: A major economical hub for the province. Nangarhar is famous in Afghanistan for producing lemons , oranges , olives , peanuts and dates . Many other fruits and vegetables are also grown. It was once a major center of opium poppy production in the country. The Jalalabad Airport is located next to the city of Jalalabad. It serves the populations of Nangarhar, Kunar, Nuristan, and other nearby provinces. The Kabul–Jalalabad Road runs throughout

170-544: A skilled birth attendant increased from 22% in 2005 to 60% in 2011. Nangarhar University is located in the provincial capital, Jalalabad. It is government-funded and provides higher education to nearly 6,000 students from the region. A number of schools operate in the province, providing basic education to both boys and girls. The overall literacy rate (6+ years of age) increased from 29% in 2005 to 31% in 2011. The overall net enrollment rate (6–13 years of age) increased from 39% in 2005 to 51% in 2011. The Jalalabad plain

204-772: A stone tablet which was at that time considered to be related to Buddha (probably the stone tablet of Ashoka in Darūntah ). The region fell to the Ghaznavids after defeating Jayapala in the late 10th century. It later fell to the Ghorids followed by the Khaljis , Lodhis and the Moghuals , until finally becoming part of Ahmad Shah Durrani 's Afghan Empire in 1747. During the First Anglo-Afghan War ,

238-535: Is Proto-Indo-European * médʰyos - compare Avestan [maiδya] Error: {{Lang}}: Non-latn text/Latn script subtag mismatch ( help ) , Sanskrit मध्य ( madhya ) and Latin medius . Various versions include maydan , midan , meydan , majdan , mayadeen and maydān . It also means field (मैदान) in Hindi. It became a loanword in other South Asian languages to give similar means, such as in Tamil in which

272-598: Is also a significant minority of the tribe settled in Kohat and Hangu (Jangal Khel, Haji Abad, Mohallah Sangirh), Pakistan, a settlement 60 km south of Peshawar . In Afghanistan , the Shinwari are also located in Kunar , Bajaur Agency and Lower Dir . At Lower Dir , Munjai village contains a huge population of the Shinwari tribe, which had migrated from Afghanistan to Chamrakand ( Mohmand Agency and Bajaur Agency ) in

306-462: Is famous for its fish and karahi dishes. Henry George Raverty theorized that the word Nangarhar is derived from the Pashto term nang-nahlr ("nine streams"), which appears in some Persian chronicles. The term supposedly refers to nine streams originating from Safed Koh . However, according to S. H. Hodivala, the name of the province derives from the Sanskrit term Nagarahara , which appears in

340-416: Is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan , located in the eastern part of the country and bordering Logar , Kabul , Laghman and Kunar provinces as well as having an international border with Pakistan . It is divided into 22 districts and has a population of about 1,735,531, the third highest of the country's 34 provinces. The city of Jalalabad is the capital of Nangarhar province. Nangarhar province

374-406: Is one of the principal agricultural areas of Afghanistan. The strong agricultural base, coupled with the crucial trade route connecting Kabul with Peshawar, makes Nangarhar one of the more economically diverse and functional provinces of Afghanistan. Torkham is one of the major border crossings between Afghanistan and Pakistan. It is the busiest port of entry between the two countries, serving as

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408-582: Is settled in the southern districts of Nangarhar Province , in Haska Meyna , Achin , Rodat , Bati Kot , Kot , Chaprahar , Shinwar , Dor Baba and Nazian districts. A major portion of this tribe is also settled between Landi Kotal (Pakistan) and Jalalabad (Afghanistan), as well as in Parwan province of Afghanistan where they are concentrated in Shinwari , Ghorband , and Jabalussaraj districts. These Shinwaris are mostly traders and businessmen. There

442-513: Is the center of the (smaller) Northern Pashto language in Afghanistan. Only one in five Afghan Pashtuns use the Northern variety. Nangarhar is divided into 22 districts. They are as follows: The province is represented in domestic cricket competitions by the Nangarhar province cricket team. Jalalabad is considered the capital of Afghan cricket with many of the national players coming from

476-700: Is the gateway to Afghanistan through the Kuh-e Sefid range. The Khyber Agency has two major rivers. The Bara River in the southern Khajuri Plain provides for relatively arable farm land. The Kabul River forms the northern boundary, separating Khyber from Mohmand Agency . Another river in the agency is the Chora , which flows east-northeast on the north side of the Surghar range . Valleys: Maidan , Rujgal , Bara , Bazaar , Choora , Wachpal and Tirah . Khyber Agency experiences hot temperatures during

510-616: The 2001 Tora Bora campaign . He ultimately escaped to Abbottabad , Pakistan , where he was killed in a night raid by members of SEAL Team Six in 2011. After the removal of the Taliban government and the formation of the Karzai administration in late 2001, U.S.-led Afghan National Security Forces (ANSF) gradually established authority across the province. Despite this, Taliban insurgents continue to stage attacks against Afghan government forces. The Haqqani Network and militants loyal to

544-653: The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant – Khorasan Province (ISIL-KP) are often blamed for the attacks, which sometimes include major suicide bombings. Several incursions by Pakistani military forces have also been reported in the districts next to the Durand Line border. The focus of the conflict is on the Kabul and Kunar rivers, which run through Nangarhar. On 13 April 2017, U.S. President Donald Trump ordered

578-879: The Mohmands , the Safis , and the Afridis . However, some sources indicate that the Mohmand tribe is frequently in a state of conflict with the Shinwari tribe. The Shinwari tribe has historically feuded with the Khogyani tribe, which is a Karlani sub-tribe. There are some historical inter-tribal feuds over land. During the First Afghan War , a raid on the Shinwarree valley was conducted in Nangarhar , on

612-653: The Taliban . They promised that anyone supporting the Taliban , would be punished with fines and expulsion. This pact, which per The Times "appears to be the first" incident of an entire tribe declaring war against the Taliban , has invited comparison with the Sunni Awakening of 2006, which tipped the balance of power in Iraq against the Sunni insurgency. The pact also had economic implications that America offered over in development funding. Further, reports suggested

646-487: The Taliban insurgents have changed from Taliban to ISIL-KP carrying out insurgent activities under the direct order of Abdul Khaliq , Who is the head of Taliban in Haska Mena . Several people were killed and injured during the insurgency in Haska Mena district, The most common are: In 1885, a British author described the Shinwari ("Shanwari" in his text): The Shinwari tribe has been known to form alliances with

680-595: The 1890s, and settled in the fertile land of Munjai village in Lower Dir . Reporting from 2010 states that there are around 400,000 Shinwari in Afghanistan . The Shinwaris reside in hilly areas with narrow valleys such as in the Khyber Agency where mountain ranges meet there: Lacha Gar , Karagah Ghar , Surghar , Tor Ghar Morgah , and Kalauch . The famous Khyber Pass , at 1,180 meters (3,870 ft.) ASL,

714-682: The 1980s Soviet–Afghan War . Nangarhar was used by pro-Pakistani mujahideen (rebel forces) fighting against the Soviet-backed Democratic Republic of Afghanistan . The Pakistani-trained mujahideen received funding from the United States and Saudi Arabia. Many Arab fighters from the Arab World had been fighting against the government forces of Mohammad Najibullah , who ultimately defeated them near Jalalabad. In April 1992, Najibullah resigned as President and

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748-637: The 24th of July 1842 Shinwari tribesmen skirmished with the British invaders and another action occurred in the 26th of July where a larger British Artillery force engaged the tribesmen. During the Khost rebellion , the Shinwari aligned themselves with the Afghan Government and helped quell the revolt. During the late 1928 riots, the Shinwari tribe were the first to openly rebel against king Amanullah Khan 's imposition of various new laws, including

782-582: The Alizai village, 15 km away from Kohat, Pakistan . Mirdad Khel, a sub-tribe of the Shinwaris , migrated to Swat Valley during the 1750s and settled there. Among them one of the notable Shinwaris is Senator Abdul Rahim Mirdad Khel. In Afghanistan , the Shinwari are also located in the Kunar Valley . Reporting from 2010 states that there are around 400,000 Shinwari in Afghanistan . The Shinwari tribe

816-524: The Shinwari were against Taliban interference with their traditional smuggling routes across the Pakistani border . The security situation in Haska Mena district is getting worse daily due to the increased number of Taliban insurgents operating in Naria Aubo Village, Papen Village, Dara Village, Aughuz Village and other remote villages in the district , In December 2014, Most of

850-683: The area were originally Hindus and Buddhists. The Nangarhar province territory and the Eastern Iranian peoples there fell to the Maurya Empire , which was led by Chandragupta Maurya . Seleucus is said to have reached a peace treaty with Chandragupta by giving control of the territory south of the Hindu Kush to the Mauryas upon intermarriage and 500 elephants. Song Yun , a Chinese monk who visited Nangarhar in 520 AD, claimed that

884-1187: The country descended into what would become the 1929 Afghan Civil War . The Shinwaris are derived from the Kasi tribe , and are further distributed into sub-tribes: ilyas khel, Hasan khel [kotwal] [kuki khel] [Musi khel] [Umar khel] [Da Oghaz khel] [Mahmud Khel] Haska Meyna District ]Piro khel] [Piset khel] [Shekmal khel] [Karmu khel] [Mirjan khel] [Mai khel] [Soulor ptar] [Mullagoris [Suliman khel] [Babar khel] [Shabul khel] [Aka khel] [Fatima nmasi] [Nimidar khel] [Mamai khel] [Lala nmasi] [ya khel] 7. http://www.rawa.org/temp/runews/rawanews.php?id=656 8. http://afghanistantimes.af/old/news_details.php?page=8&id=9738&&cid=3 9. http://www.pajhwok.com/en/search/site/%22haska%22 10. https://sites.google.com/site/wwwbomnaforg/all-news-updates/news-updates-december-2013/clasheskill4ineafghanistan 11. http://www.kuna.net.kw/ArticleDetails.aspx?id=2348647&Language=en http://edition.cnn.com/2015/04/06/asia/npw-isis-reach-in-afghanistan/index.html Nangarhar Province Nangarhār ( Pashto : ننګرهار ; Dari : ننگرهار ), also called Nangrahar or Ningrahar ,

918-462: The invading British -led Indian forces were defeated on their way to Rawalpindi in 1842. British-led Indian forces returned in 1878 but retreated a couple of years later. Some fighting took place during the 1919 Third Anglo-Afghan War between the Afghan army that were led by King Amanullah Khan and British-Indians near the Durand Line border areas. The province remained relatively calm until

952-527: The people in the area were Buddhists. Yun came across a vihara (monastery) in Nangarhar (Na-lka-lo-hu) containing the skull of Buddha, and another of Kekalam (probably Mihtarlam in Laghman province ) where 13 pieces of the cloak of Buddha and his 18 feet long mast were preserved. In the city of Naki, a tooth and hair of Buddha were preserved and in the Kupala cave Buddha's shadow reflected close to which he saw

986-408: The province, linking Kabul with Jalalabad and extending east through Khyber Pass to Peshawar . It is one of the busiest major roads in Afghanistan. As of 2021, the population of the province is around 1,735,531. Over 90% of the population is Pashtun and the remaining is made up of Pashais , Tajiks , Arabs, and other ethnic groups. The 18th edition Ethnologue states on p. 48 that Nangarhar

1020-597: The requirement to wear European dress, the rule that required them to send a quota of their daughters to Kabul for education and the impositions of taxes (they had never previously paid tax). The Shinwaris attacked Jalalabad , cutting off its water supply and closing the Kabul–Peshawar road. Amanullah responded by using his fledgling Air Force , including Soviet pilots, to bomb the Shinwaris. The use of foreign "infidels" to subjugate Muslims roused other tribes to revolt and

1054-467: The summer season, May through August. Maximum temperatures may reach 104 degrees, while the lower average 79 degrees. During the cooler months of November through April, however, average high temperatures reach 64 degrees and lows dip to around 39 degrees. Average annual rainfall over the Khyber Agency is 15 to 16 inches The elders of the Shinwari tribe in Nangarhar signed a pact, uniting against

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1088-617: The surrounding areas. National team members Hamid Hasan and Rashid Khan were born in the province. De Spinghar Bazan is a regional team in the Roshan Afghan Premier League based in Jalalabad . Jalalabad Regional Football Tournament were four local team plays like Malang Jan, Shaheed Qasim, Afghan Refugees and Laghman for to find raw talent in Afghan Premier League . Wrestling in Jalalabad

1122-473: The various mujahideen took control over the country. When the 1992 Peshawar Accord failed, the mujahideen turned guns on each other and started a nationwide civil war . This was followed by the Taliban take-over in 1996 and the establishment of al-Qaeda training camps in Nangarhar province. Osama bin Laden held a strong position in Nangarhar during the late 1990s. He led a fight against US-led forces in

1156-691: Was modernized by Davud Sulaymankhil, a Pashtun orator and athlete. Now, several wrestling teams (most notably the Suleim Wrestling Team founded by Davud Sulaymanhil) represent the province in national events. Maidan Maidan is an originally Persian word for a town square or public gathering place (Persian: میدان ), adopted by various other languages: Urdu میدان ( maidān ); Arabic مَيْدَان ( maydān ); Turkish meydan ; Georgian მოედანი ( moedani ); Bangla ময়দান, meaning field, and Crimean Tatar , from which Ukrainian also borrowed maidan . Its ultimate source

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