13-577: Shivalik may refer to: Siwalik Hills , a series of ranges of outer foothills of Himalaya crossing Pakistan, India, Nepal, and Bhutan Shivalik class frigate , a class of multi-role stealth frigates in service with the Indian Navy INS Shivalik (F47) , first stealth warship built for India Project Shivalik , a project of the Border Roads Organisation in
26-541: A mountain range of the outer Himalayas . The literal translation of "Sivalik" is 'tresses of Shiva '. The hills are known for their numerous fossils, and is also home to the Soanian Middle Paleolithic archaeological culture. The Sivalik Hills are a mountain range of the outer Himalayas that stretches over about 2,400 km (1,500 mi) from the Indus River eastwards close to
39-471: A flat region with no variations, although this isn't true. The plains can be classified into four regions on the basis of relief features. The Bhabar is a belt of 8–16 km lying parellel to the slopes of the Sivaliks, where the river descending from the mountains deposit pebbles. The streams flow through the pebbles the region, hence disappearing from sight. They re-emerge only after some distance south, in
52-699: Is a region south of the Lower Himalayas and the Sivalik Hills in Garhwal and Kumaon , India . The Bhabhar region contains some of the largest cities of Kumaon and Garhwal: Dehradun , Haridwar , Haldwani , Rishikesh , Ramnagar , Tanakpur and Kotdwar . It is the alluvial apron of sediments washed down from the Sivaliks along the northern edge of the Indo-Gangetic Plain . The Indo-Gangetic Plains are generally thought of as
65-559: Is deep in this region, then rises to the surface in the Terai below where coarse alluvium gives way to less permeable silt and clay . The Ganges River lies to the west and Sharda to the east. Being at the junction of Himalayas and the Indo-Gangetic Plain, Bhabar contains almost all the important trade and commerce hubs of Kumaon, including its largest city Haldwani . Due to the top-soil replenishment every monsoon , It
78-707: The Brahmaputra River , spanning the northern parts of the Indian subcontinent . It is 10–50 km (6.2–31.1 mi) wide with an average elevation of 1,500–2,000 m (4,900–6,600 ft). Between the Teesta and Raidāk Rivers in Assam is a gap of about 90 km (56 mi). They are well known for their Neogene and Pleistocene aged vertebrate fossils. Geologically, the Sivalik Hills belong to
91-543: The Middle Pleistocene , around 18 million to 600,000 years ago. Some of the best known fossils from the hills include Megalochelys atlas , the largest known tortoise to have ever existed, Sivatherium giganteum , the largest known giraffid , and the ape Sivapithecus . Remains of the Lower - Middle Paleolithic Soanian culture dating to around 500,000 to 125,000 years Before Present were found in
104-632: The Tertiary deposits of the outer Himalayas. They are chiefly composed of sandstone and conglomerate rock formations, which are the solidified detritus of the Himalayas to their north; they are poorly consolidated. The sedimentary rocks comprising the hills are believed to be 16–5.2 million years old. They are bounded on the south by a fault system called the Main Frontal Thrust, with steeper slopes on that side. Below this,
117-657: The Indian State of Uttarakhand. See also [ edit ] Shivalik Enclave , a town in Haryana, India Shivalik Fossil Park , a fossil park in Saketi, India Shivalik Nagar, Haridwar , city in Uttarakhand, India Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Shivalik . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
130-830: The Sivalik region. Contemporary to the Acheulean , the Soanian culture is named after the Soan Valley in the Sivalik Hills of Pakistan . The Soanian archaeological culture is found across Sivalik region in present-day India, Nepal and Pakistan. The carbon stock and carbon sequestration rates of the Churia forests differ among different forest management regimes and are highest in protected areas. 27°46′N 82°24′E / 27.767°N 82.400°E / 27.767; 82.400 Bhabar Bhabar or Bhabhar
143-528: The coarse alluvial Bhabar zone makes the transition to the nearly level plains. Rainfall, especially during the summer monsoon , percolates into the Bhabar, then is forced to the surface by finer alluvial layers below it in a zone of springs and marshes along the northern edge of the Terai or plains. The Sivalik Hills are well known for fossils of vertebrates, spanning from the Early Miocene , until
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#1732765713770156-457: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shivalik&oldid=1215822517 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Siwalik Hills The Sivalik Hills , also known as Churia Hills , are
169-513: The relief feature Terai . The name Bhabar refers to a local tall-growing grass, Eulaliopsis binata , used for the manufacture of paper and rope. Bhabar plains are located in Kumaon and Garhwal. Bhabar is the gently-sloping coarse alluvial zone below the Sivalik Hills (outermost foothills of the Himalayas ) where streams disappear into permeable sediments . The underground water level
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