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69-545: The Atlantic City Quakers who helped develop the Monopoly board game named one of the railroad squares for the Shore Fast Line. Charles and Olive Todd, who taught the game to Charles Darrow , its eventual patentee, shortened the name on their oilcloth board to Short Line . It is also possible that the existence of short-line railroads , those that operate along short distances, influenced that change. Portions of

138-541: A Luxury Tax space, an Income Tax space, and the four corner squares: GO, (In) Jail/Just Visiting, Free Parking, and Go to Jail. There have since been some changes to the board. Not all of the Chance and Community Chest cards as shown in the 1935 patent were used in editions from 1936/1937 onwards. Graphics with the Mr. Monopoly character (then known as " Rich Uncle Pennybags ") were added in that same time-frame. A graphic of

207-534: A World edition with the top voted cities from all around the world, as well as at least a Here and Now edition with the voted-on U.S. cities. Monopoly Empire has uniquely branded tokens and places based on popular brands. Instead of buying properties, players buy popular brands one by one and slide their billboards onto their Empire towers. Instead of building houses and hotels, players collect rent from their rivals based on their tower height. The first player to fill their tower with billboards wins. Every space on

276-463: A 3D Mr. Monopoly model. The backs of the cards have their respective symbols, with Community Chest cards in blue and Chance cards in orange. Additionally, recent versions of Monopoly replace the dollar sign ($ ) with an M with two horizontal strokes through it. In the US versions shown below, the properties are named after locations in (or near) Atlantic City, New Jersey. Atlantic City's Illinois Avenue

345-477: A chest containing coins was added to the Community Chest spaces, as were the flat purchase prices of the properties. Traditionally, the Community Chest cards were yellow (although they were sometimes printed on blue stock) with no decoration or text on the back; the Chance cards were orange with no text or decoration on the back. Hasbro commissioned a major graphic redesign to the U.S. Standard Edition of

414-518: A current affairs television series The Christian Science Monitor Reports , which was distributed via syndication to television stations across the United States. In 1988, The Christian Science Monitor Reports won a Peabody Award for a series of reports on Islamic fundamentalism. That same year, the program was cancelled, and The Monitor created a daily television program World Monitor , anchored by former NBC correspondent John Hart , which

483-456: A daily newspaper by Mary Baker Eddy , the founder of the new religious movement Christian Science , Church of Christ, Scientist . The newspaper has been based in Boston since its establishment. The Christian Science Monitor has won multiple Pulitzer Prizes and other journalistic accolades in its history. The Monitor was founded in 1908 in part as a response by Mary Baker Eddy to

552-648: A different set of tokens. Both Here and Now and Electronic Banking feature an updated set of tokens from the Atlantic City edition. One landmark, Texas Stadium , has been demolished and was replaced by the Irving Interchange exit ramps the join Texas State Highway 183 (Airport Freeway) to Texas State Highway Loop 12 . Another landmark, Jacobs Field, still exists, but was renamed Progressive Field in 2008. In 2015, in honor of

621-425: A game board which is now in the collection of The Strong National Museum of Play after a $ 146,500 bid at Sotheby's in 2010. The Parker Brothers bought the game's copyrights from Darrow. When the company learned Darrow was not the sole inventor of the game, it bought the rights to Magie's patent for $ 500. Parker Brothers began marketing the game on November 5, 1935. Cartoonist F. O. Alexander contributed

690-572: A license to produce and market the game outside the United States. Watson felt that for the game to be a success in the United Kingdom, the American locations would have to be replaced, so Victor and his secretary Marjory Phillips went to London to scout out locations. The Angel, Islington is not a street in London but a building (which also gave its name to the road intersection where it

759-610: A monopolist set in which the goal was to create monopolies and crush opponents. Several variant board games, based on her concept, were developed from 1906 through the 1930s; they involved both the process of buying land for its development, and the sale of any undeveloped property. Cardboard houses were added, and rents increased as they were added to a property. Magie patented the game again in 1923. According to an advertisement placed in The Christian Science Monitor , Charles Todd of Philadelphia recalled

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828-520: A part of international popular culture, having been licensed locally in more than 113 countries and printed in more than 46 languages. As of 2015 , it was estimated that the game had sold 275 million copies worldwide. The original game was based on the locations in Atlantic City, New Jersey , with the exception of Marven Gardens , which is in adjacent Ventnor City, New Jersey . Monopoly is derived from The Landlord's Game , created in 1903 in

897-501: A plaque commemorating the naming was unveiled at the site by Victor Watson's grandson, who is also named Victor. It might be expected that the railway stations in Monopoly would have been chosen to allow travel in the four compass directions—for example: Euston, St Pancras or King's Cross (north); Liverpool Street or Fenchurch Street (east); London Bridge or Victoria (south); Paddington (west). However all four stations had been owned by

966-495: A profit. Subsequently, The Monitor began relying more on the Internet as an integral part of its business model. The Monitor was one of the first newspapers to put its text online in 1996 and also one of the first to launch a PDF edition in 2001. It was also an early pioneer of RSS feeds. In 2005, Richard Bergenheim , a Christian Science practitioner , was named the new editor. Shortly before his death in 2008, Bergenheim

1035-521: A weekly, which launched in 1960, and the weekly World Edition, which replaced the London edition in 1974. Mark Sappenfield became the editor in March 2017. The Christian Science Monitor is not primarily a religious-themed paper and does not evangelize, though each issue of the paper does usually contain a single religious themed article in the Home Forum section, generally related to a topic from

1104-521: Is located, as well as an area of the city and a Tube station ). It had been a coaching inn that stood on the Great North Road . By the 1930s, the inn had become a J. Lyons and Co. tea room and is today offices and a Co-operative Bank . Some accounts say that Marjory and Victor met at the Angel to discuss the selection and celebrated the fact by including it on the Monopoly board. In 2003,

1173-458: Is replaced by a flat rate on the UK board, and the $ 75 Luxury Tax space is replaced with the £100 Super Tax space, the same as the current German board. In 2008, the US edition was changed to match the UK and various European editions, including a flat $ 200 Income Tax value and an increased $ 100 Luxury Tax amount. In cases where a national company produced the game, the $ (dollar) sign was replaced with

1242-594: The Mega Edition , with a 30% larger game-board and revised game play, in 2006. Other streets from Atlantic City (eight, one per color group) were included, along with a third utility, the Gas Company. In addition, $ 1,000 denomination notes (first seen in Winning Moves' Monopoly: The Card Game ) are included. Game play is further changed with bus tickets (allowing non-dice-roll movement along one side of

1311-546: The Monitor published an account of Carroll's kidnapping and subsequent release, with first-person reporting from Carroll and others involved. In October 2008, citing net losses of US$ 18.9 million per year versus US$ 12.5 million in annual revenue, The Monitor announced that it would cease printing daily and instead print weekly editions. The last daily print edition was published on March 27, 2009. The weekly magazine follows on from The Monitor 's London edition, also

1380-462: The Monopoly license from Hasbro and created new UK city and regional editions with sponsored squares. Initially, in December 1998, the game was sold in just a few W H Smith stores, but demand was high, with almost 50,000 games sold in the four weeks before Christmas. Winning Moves still produces new city and regional editions annually. The original income tax choice from the 1930s US board

1449-661: The Right-of-way running for 6 miles (9.7 km) between Pleasantville and Somers Point have been repurposed as the Somers Point Bike Path This United States rail–related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about transportation in New Jersey is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Monopoly (game) Monopoly is a multiplayer economics-themed board game . In

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1518-407: The single-tax theory of Henry George as laid out in his book Progress and Poverty . It was intended as an educational tool to illustrate the negative aspects of concentrating land in private monopolies . She took out a patent in 1904. Her game was self-published beginning in 1906. Magie created two sets of rules: an anti-monopolist set in which all were rewarded when wealth was created, and

1587-454: The 1930s, John Waddington Ltd. , known as Waddingtons, was a printing company in Leeds that had branched out into packaging and the production of playing cards . Waddingtons had sent the card game Lexicon to Parker Brothers hoping to interest it in publishing the game in the United States. In a similar fashion, Parker Brothers sent over a copy of Monopoly to Waddingtons early in 1935 before

1656-667: The Bible in science classrooms. In 1997, the Washington Report on Middle East Affairs , a publication critical of United States policy in the Middle East, praised The Monitor for its objective and informative coverage of Islam and the Middle East. During the 27 years while Nelson Mandela was in prison in South Africa after having been convicted of sabotage, among other charges, The Christian Science Monitor

1725-520: The Railroads are replaced by Airports ( Chicago O'Hare , Los Angeles International , New York City's JFK , and Atlanta's Hartsfield–Jackson ), and the Utilities (Electric Company and Water Works) are replaced by Service Providers (Internet Service Provider and Cell Phone Service Provider). The houses and hotels are blue and silver, not green and red as in most editions of Monopoly . The board uses

1794-538: The Short Line. It was not until 1995 that Parker Brothers acknowledged the misspelling of Marvin Gardens , formally apologizing to the residents of Marven Gardens. Short Line refers to the Shore Fast Line, a streetcar line that served Atlantic City. The B&O Railroad did not serve Atlantic City. A booklet included with the reprinted 1935 edition states that the four railroads that served Atlantic City in

1863-414: The US. The properties were decided by votes over the Internet in the spring of 2006. Monetary values are multiplied by 10,000 (e.g., one collects $ 2,000,000 instead of $ 200 for passing GO and pays that much for Income Tax (or 10% of their total, as this edition was launched prior to 2008), each player starts with $ 15,000,000 instead of $ 1,500, etc.). Also, the Chance and Community Chest cards are updated,

1932-475: The United States by left-wing feminist Lizzie Magie , as a way to demonstrate that an economy rewarding individuals is better than one where monopolies hold all the wealth. It also served to promote the economic theories of Henry George —in particular, his ideas about taxation . The Landlord's Game originally had two sets of rules, one with tax and another on which the current rules are mainly based. When Parker Brothers first published Monopoly in 1935,

2001-447: The amount was $ 300 but was changed a year after the game's debut. There were also changes to the Chance and Community Chest cards; for example, the "poor tax", "receive for services", "Xmas fund matures", and "grand opera opening" cards became "speeding fine", "receive $ 25 consultancy fee", "holiday fund matures", and "it is your birthday", respectively; though their effects remained the same; the player must pay only $ 50 instead of $ 150 for

2070-542: The board is a brand name, such as Xbox , Coca-Cola , McDonald's and Samsung . This version of Monopoly contains 8 of the 56 tokens from the 2017 Token Madness event. That includes a penguin, a television, a race car, a Mr. Monopoly emoji, a rubber duck, a watch, a wheel and a bunny slipper. The Penguin and Rubber Duck, alongside the T-Rex, (which was not present in Token Madness ) would eventually become part of

2139-532: The board), a speed die (itself adopted into variants of the Atlantic City standard edition ; see below), skyscrapers (after houses and hotels), and Train stations that can be placed on the Railroad spaces. This edition was adapted for the U.K. market in 2007, and is sold by Winning Moves UK. The US edition of Monopoly Here and Now was released in September 2006. This edition features top landmarks across

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2208-499: The body. A periodical of our own will counteract to some extent this public nuisance; for through our paper, at the price at which we shall issue it, we shall be able to reach many homes with healing, purifying thought. Eddy declared that The Monitor ' s mission should be "to spread undivided the Science that operates unspent" (The First Church of Christ, Scientist, and Miscellany, Mary Baker Eddy, p. 353:16). MonitoRadio

2277-499: The day in 1932 when his childhood friend Esther Jones and her husband, Charles Darrow , came to his house for dinner. After the meal, the Todds introduced Darrow to The Landlord's Game , which they then played several times. The game was entirely new to Darrow, and he asked the Todds for a written set of the rules. After that night, Darrow went on to utilize it to distribute the game himself as Monopoly . Darrow used oil cloth to create

2346-417: The day's news. The paper reports on issues including natural disasters, disease and mental health issues, homelessness, terrorism, and death. The paper's editorials have advocated against government interference in an individual's right to choose their own form of healthcare. They also support the separation of church and state , and the paper has opposed efforts to teach fundamentalist interpretations of

2415-528: The design. U.S. patent number US 2026082 A was issued to Charles Darrow on December 31, 1935, for the game board design and was assigned to Parker Brothers Inc. The original version of the game in this format was based on the streets of Atlantic City, New Jersey . Parker Brothers began licensing the game for sale outside the United States in 1936. In 1941, the British Secret Intelligence Service had John Waddington Ltd. ,

2484-420: The era of McCarthyism , a term first coined by The Monitor , the paper was one of the earliest critics of U.S. Senator Joseph McCarthy . The paper's circulation has ranged widely, from a peak of over 223,000 in 1970 to just under 56,000 shortly before the suspension of the daily print edition in 2009. Partially in response to declining circulation and the struggle to earn a profit, the church's directors and

2553-545: The farthest yellow property, is a misspelling of its actual name, Marven Gardens . The misspelling was introduced by Charles and Olive Todd, who taught the game to Charles Darrow. It was passed on when their homemade Monopoly board was copied by Darrow and then by Parker Brothers. The Todds also changed the Atlantic City Quakers' Arctic Avenue to Mediterranean, and shortened the Shore Fast Line to

2622-438: The first Here and Now editions prompted Hasbro US to allow online voting for twenty-six landmark properties across the United States to take their places along the game-board. The popularity of this voting, in turn, led to the creation of similar websites, and secondary game-boards per popular vote to be created in the UK, Canada, France, Germany, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, and other nations. Winning Moves Games released

2691-589: The five-star, 225-room hotel, then under construction, located at the M101 Bukit Bintang in Kuala Lumpur and with a 1920s Gatsby feel. M101's Sirocco Group would manage the hotel when it opened in 2019. Hasbro announced in March 2021 that it planned to update the Community Chest cards with ones that would be more socially aware, inviting fans of the game to vote on the new versions. In April 2022, Hasbro announced another poll. This vote would see

2760-513: The game Monopoly . However, Anti-Monopoly was exempted from the law and Anspach later reached a settlement with Hasbro and markets his game under license from them. Hasbro acquired Parker Bros. and thus Monopoly in 1991. Before the Hasbro acquisition, Parker Bros. acted as a publisher, issuing only two versions at a time, a regular and deluxe. Hasbro moved to create and license many other versions of Monopoly and sought public input in varying

2829-449: The game did not include the anti-capitalistic taxation rule , resulting in a more aggressive game. Parker Brothers was eventually absorbed into Hasbro in 1991. The game is named after the economic concept of a monopoly —the domination of a market by a single entity. The history of Monopoly can be traced back to 1903, when American anti-monopolist Lizzie Magie created a game called The Landlord's Game that she hoped would explain

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2898-459: The game had been put into production in the United States. Victor Watson, the managing director of Waddingtons, gave the game to his son Norman, head of the card games division, to test over a weekend. Norman was impressed by the game and persuaded his father to call Parker Brothers on Monday morning—transatlantic calls then being almost unheard of. This call resulted in Waddingtons obtaining

2967-495: The game in 2008 along with some minor revisions. Among the changes: the colors of Mediterranean and Baltic Avenues changed from purple to brown, and the colors of the GO square changed from red to black. The Luxury Tax amount increased from $ 75 to $ 100, and a flat $ 200 Income Tax was imposed (formerly the player's choice of $ 200 or 10% of their total holdings, which they could not calculate until after making their final decision). Originally

3036-469: The game sent by fake POW relief charities to prisoners of war. The standard British board, produced by Waddingtons, was for many years the version most familiar to people in countries in the Commonwealth , except Canada, where the US edition with Atlantic City-area names was reprinted. Local variants of the board are now also found in several Commonwealth countries. In 1998, Winning Moves procured

3105-483: The game's 80th birthday, Hasbro held an online vote to determine which cities would make it into an updated version of Here and Now . This second edition is more a spin-off as the winning condition has changed to completing a passport instead of bankrupting opponents. Community Chest is replaced with Here and Now cards, while the Here and Now space replaced the railroads. Houses and hotels have been removed. Hasbro released

3174-572: The game, players roll two dice to move around the game board, buying and trading properties and developing them with houses and hotels. Players collect rent from their opponents and aim to drive them into bankruptcy. Money can also be gained or lost through Chance and Community Chest cards and tax squares. Players receive a salary every time they pass "Go" and can end up in jail, from which they cannot move until they have met one of three conditions. House rules , hundreds of different editions, many spin-offs, and related media exist. Monopoly has become

3243-511: The game. A new wave of licensed products began in 1994, when Hasbro granted a license to USAopoly to begin publishing a San Diego Edition of Monopoly , which has since been followed by more than a hundred more licensees including Winning Moves Games (since 1995) and Winning Solutions, Inc. (since 2000) in the United States. The company held a national tournament on a chartered train going from Chicago to Atlantic City (see § U.S. National Championship ) in 2003. Also that year, Hasbro sued

3312-454: The journalism of her day, which relentlessly covered the sensations and scandals surrounding her new religion with varying accuracy . In addition, Joseph Pulitzer 's New York World was consistently critical of Eddy, and this, along with a derogatory article in McClure's , furthered Eddy's decision to found her own media outlet. Eddy also required the inclusion of " Christian Science " in

3381-555: The licensed manufacturer of the game in the United Kingdom, created a special edition for World War II prisoners of war held by the Nazis . Hidden inside these games were maps, compasses , real money, and other objects useful for escaping. They were distributed to prisoners by fake charity organizations created by the British Secret Service. Economics professor Ralph Anspach published Anti-Monopoly in 1973, and

3450-470: The main game, replacing the Boot, Wheelbarrow and Thimble. The T-Rex would be replaced by the returning Thimble in the 2022 Throwback Token Vote. The Christian Science Monitor The Christian Science Monitor ( CSM ), commonly known as The Monitor , is a nonprofit news organization that publishes daily articles both in electronic format and a weekly print edition. It was founded in 1908 as

3519-537: The maker of Ghettopoly and won. In February 2005, the company sued RADGames over their Super Add-On accessory board game that fit in the center of the board. The judge initially issued an injunction on February 25, 2005, to halt production and sales before ruling in RADGames's favor in April 2005. The Speed Die was added to all regular Monopoly sets in 2008. After polling their Facebook followers, Hasbro Gaming took

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3588-610: The manager of the Christian Science Publishing Society were purportedly forced to plan cutbacks and closures (later denied), which led in 1989 to the mass protest resignations by its chief editor Kay Fanning (an ASNE president and former editor of the Anchorage Daily News ), managing editor David Anable, associate editor David Winder, and several other newsroom staff. Those developments also presaged administrative moves to scale back

3657-792: The mid-1930s were the Jersey Central , the Seashore Lines , the Reading Railroad (now part of Norfolk Southern & CSX ), and the Pennsylvania Railroad . The Baltimore & Ohio (now part of CSX) was the parent of the Reading. There is a tunnel in Philadelphia where track to the south was B. & O. and track to the north is Reading. The Central of N.J. did not have a track to Atlantic City but

3726-444: The paper's name, over initial opposition by some of her advisors who thought the religious reference might repel a secular audience. Eddy also saw a vital need to counteract the fear often spread by media reporting: Looking over the newspapers of the day, one naturally reflects that it is dangerous to live, so loaded with disease seems the very air. These descriptions carry fears to many minds, to be depicted in some future time upon

3795-414: The print newspaper in favor of expansions into radio, a magazine, shortwave broadcasting, and television. Expenses, however, rapidly outpaced revenues, contradicting predictions by church directors. On the brink of bankruptcy, the board was forced to close the broadcast programs in 1992. By late 2011, The Monitor was receiving an average of about 22 million hits per month on its website, slightly below

3864-457: The reintroduction of one previously retired token in exchange for an existing token. The result would see the Thimble return and the T-Rex phased out by fall 2022. The Monopoly game board consists of forty spaces containing twenty-eight properties—twenty-two streets (grouped into eight distinct color groups), four railroads, and two utilities—three Chance spaces, three Community Chest spaces,

3933-420: The same company, LNER , prior to nationalisation as British Rail(ways). It has been suggested that Waddingtons chose LNER stations because this was the company that served Leeds where they were based. During World War II, the British Secret Service contacted Waddingtons, as the company could also print on silk, to make Monopoly sets that included escape maps, money, a compass and file, all hidden in copies of

4002-481: The school tax. In addition, a player now gets $ 50 instead of $ 45 for sale of stock, and the Advance to Illinois Avenue card now has the added text indicating a player collects $ 200 if they pass Go on the way there. All the Chance and Community Chest cards received a graphic upgrade in 2008 as part of the graphic refresh of the game. Mr. Monopoly's classic line illustration was also now usually replaced by renderings of

4071-517: The top house rules and added them to a House Rule Edition released in the fall of 2014 and added them as optional rules in 2015. In January 2017, Hasbro invited internet users to vote on a new set of game pieces, with this new regular edition to be issued in March 2017. On May 1, 2018, the Monopoly Mansion hotel agreement was announced by Hasbro's managing director for southeast Asia, Jenny Chew Yean Nee, with M101 Holdings Sdn Bhd. M101 has

4140-664: The traditional US layout; the cheapest properties are purple, not brown, and "Interest on Credit Card Debt" replaces "Luxury Tax". Despite the updated Luxury Tax space, and the Income Tax space no longer using the 10% option, this edition uses paper Monopoly money, and not an electronic banking unit like the Here and Now World Edition . However, a similar edition of Monopoly , the Electronic Banking edition, does feature an electronic banking unit and bank cards, as well as

4209-480: The £ (pound), but the place names were unchanged. Beginning in the UK in 2005, a revised version of the game, titled Monopoly Here and Now , was produced, replacing game scenarios, properties, and tokens with more modern equivalents. Similar boards were produced for Germany and France. Variants of these first editions appeared with Visa -branded debit cards taking the place of cash—the later US "Electronic Banking" edition has unbranded debit cards. The success of

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4278-793: Was a radio service produced by the Church of Christ Scientist between 1984 and 1997. It featured several one-hour news broadcasts a day, as well as top of the hour news bulletins. The service was widely heard on public radio stations throughout the United States. The Monitor later launched an international broadcast over shortwave radio, called the World Service of the Christian Science Monitor . Weekdays were news-led, but weekend schedules were exclusively dedicated to religious programming. That service ceased operations on June 28, 1997. In 1986, The Monitor started producing

4347-530: Was initially shown on the Discovery Channel . In 1991, World Monitor moved to the Monitor Channel , a 24-hour news and information channel. The channel launched on May 1, 1991, with programming from its Boston TV station WQTV . The only religious programming on the channel was a five-minute Christian Science program early each morning. In 1992, after eleven months on the air, the service

4416-476: Was one of the newspapers he was allowed to read. Five months after his release, Mandela visited Boston and stopped by The Monitor offices, telling the staff "The Monitor continues to give me hope and confidence for the world's future" and thanking them for their "unwavering coverage of apartheid". Mandela called The Monitor "one of the more important voices covering events in South Africa". During

4485-834: Was renamed Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard in the 1980s. St. Charles Place no longer exists, as the Showboat Atlantic City was developed where it once ran. The values on the board reflect real estate property values of 1930s Atlantic City. The two cheapest properties, Baltic Avenue and Mediterranean Avenue, were situated in a low-income, African-American neighborhood; higher-value properties, such as Pennsylvania Avenue, Park Place, and Ventnor Avenue , were situated in wealthier neighborhoods. Different versions have been created based on various current consumer interests such as: Dog-opoly , Cat-opoly , Bug-opoly , and TV/movie games among others. Marvin Gardens,

4554-555: Was replaced by a veteran Boston Globe editor and former Monitor reporter John Yemma. In 2006, Jill Carroll , a freelance reporter for The Monitor , was kidnapped in Baghdad . Although Carroll was initially a freelancer, the paper worked tirelessly for her release, even hiring her as a staff writer shortly after her abduction to ensure that she had financial benefits. She was released safely after 82 days. Beginning in August 2006,

4623-592: Was shut down amid huge financial losses. Programming from the Monitor Channel was also carried nationally via the WWOR EMI Service , a nationally oriented feed of WWOR-TV , a New Jersey –based television station launched in 1990 due to the SyndEx laws put into place the year prior. The print edition continued to struggle for readership, and, in 2004, faced a renewed mandate from the church to earn

4692-536: Was sued for trademark infringement by Parker Brothers in 1974. The case went to trial in 1976. Anspach won on appeals in 1979, as the 9th Circuit Court determined that the trademark Monopoly was generic and therefore unenforceable. The United States Supreme Court declined to hear the case, allowing the appellate court ruling to stand. This decision was overturned by the passage of Public Law 98-620 in 1984. With that law in place, Parker Brothers and its parent company, Hasbro , continue to hold valid trademarks for

4761-637: Was the daughter of the Reading (and granddaughter of the B. & O.) Their track ran from the New York City area to Delaware Bay and some trains ran on the Reading-controlled track to Atlantic City. The actual "Electric Company" and "Water Works" serving the city are respectively Atlantic City Electric Company (a subsidiary of Exelon ) and the Atlantic City Municipal Utilities Authority. In

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