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Short Scylla

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65-619: The Short L.17 Scylla was a British four-engined 39-seat biplane airliner designed and built by Short Brothers at the request of Imperial Airways to supplement the Handley Page H.P.42 fleet already in service after Handley Page quoted an excessive price for two additional H.P.42s. They were ordered in 1933. Imperial Airways used the Scylla for scheduled flights from London to Paris and other European cities. Two aircraft were built, Scylla (G-ACJJ) and Syrinx (G-ACJK). Both served with

130-560: A glider , and the other from Francis McClean , a member of the Aero Club who later bought several more aircraft from Short Brothers, and also acted as an unpaid test-pilot. At the end of 1908 Horace started work on the two designs, and in early 1909 construction was started of McClean's aircraft, the Short No.1 biplane . In March 1909 it was exhibited, without its fabric covering, at the first British Aero Show held at Olympia . Meanwhile,

195-656: A 350 ft (110 m) testing tank for testing hull and float designs. Shorts designed the floats used for the Supermarine S.4 and Gloster III seaplanes entered by the United Kingdom for the 1925 Schneider Trophy race. Alan Cobham 's de Havilland DH.50 (G-EBFO) was also fitted with Shorts floats at Rochester. On 30 June 1926, Cobham then started a flight to Australia from the Medway. Two de Havilland Giant Moths were fitted with Shorts floats at Rochester, and

260-595: A Belfast company in its entirety. In the meantime, in 1947, Short Brothers (Rochester and Bedford) Ltd. had merged with Short and Harland Limited to become Short Brothers and Harland Limited , with Oswald Short remaining as Life President. In the 1950s, Shorts was involved in much pioneering research, including designing and building the VTOL Short SC1 , the Short SB5 and the Short SB.4 Sherpa . Shorts built

325-415: A South African diplomat. In 1993 a Catholic sub-contractor at Shorts was shot dead and five others injured in a loyalist attack on a mini-bus full of Catholic workmen in an attack to discourage Catholics from taking jobs at Shorts. In 1937, Shorts established an airfield in central Belfast, beside the factory. This became Sydenham Airport and, from 1938 to 1939, was Belfast's main civilian airport. During

390-698: A contract for three balloons for the British Indian Army . The quality of their work impressed Colonel James Templer , superintendent of the Royal Balloon Factory , who introduced the brothers to Charles Rolls . Rolls commissioned them to build him a large balloon to compete in the 1906 Gordon Bennett Cup balloon race . More orders soon followed from other members of the Aero Club of Great Britain (later Royal Aero Club). In 1908, on hearing reports from Aero Club members who had seen

455-425: A military in parentheses. Rolls-Royce Deutschland Rolls-Royce Deutschland is a subsidiary of British aircraft engine maker Rolls-Royce plc . Its primarily facilities are located at Dahlewitz outside Berlin and Motorenfabrik Oberursel at Oberursel near Frankfurt am Main . The company was formerly known as BMW Rolls-Royce ( BRR ), being initially operated as a joint venture company between

520-576: A more rounded top of the fuselage that incorporated several gunner's positions. Dreaded by U-boats , it was claimed by the British propaganda people that the Germans called it "The Flying Porcupine" ( Fliegendes Stachelschwein in German), although no evidence supports their contention. In 1933, Shorts opened a new factory at Rochester Airport , which was becoming increasingly important for the landplanes

585-691: A renegotiated price due to the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic. Year of first flight in parentheses. Some of the early aircraft are designated using the Short sequence or constructors number which should not be confused with the similar type designations started at S.1 in 1924. Since becoming part of Bombardier Aerospace in 1989, focus is aerospace components rather than individual aircraft models, missiles or drones. Shorts' missile division, which evolved into Shorts Missile Systems (1993–2000, then sold), produced surface-to-air missiles . Year of first use by

650-429: A second-hand coal gas filled balloon , and, with his brother Oswald , started a company to develop and manufacture balloons. In 1900, the two brothers visited the 1900 Paris Exposition ('World's Fair'), where they saw the balloons of Édouard Surcouf (of Société Astra ), who had developed a method of constructing truly spherical balloons. In 1902, the brothers started offering balloons for sale. They manufactured

715-496: A statue of the brothers was unveiled in memory of their contribution to early aviation, by local artist Barbara Street to stand on the site of the Aero Club clubhouse at Muswell manor. By the outbreak of World War I Shorts were already building a variety of aircraft. Production really started to expand during the war, for example for the Short Admiralty Type 184 (or simply "Short S.184"). On 15 August 1915, during

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780-593: A transatlantic airliner , but largely served the post-war Empire ( Commonwealth ) market, in competition with 4-engined land planes such as modified Avro Lancasters , Avro Lancastrian and Avro York . Tasman Empire Airways Limited (TEAL) operated the Coral Route from New Zealand to Fiji , the Cook Islands and Tahiti in the South Pacific, with Short Solent flying boats up to 1960. During

845-506: Is an aerospace company based in Belfast , Northern Ireland . Shorts was founded in 1908 in London , and was the first company in the world to make production aeroplanes. It was particularly notable for its flying boat designs manufactured into the 1950s. In 1943, Shorts was nationalised and later denationalised, and in 1948 moved from its main base at Rochester, Kent to Belfast. In

910-671: The Air Ministry established a new aircraft factory at Belfast , and created a new company Short & Harland Ltd , owned 50% each by Harland and Wolff and Shorts. The first products of the new factory were 50 Bristol Bombays followed by 150 Handley-Page Hereford bombers . Shorts work on seaplanes eventually culminated in the Short Sandringham and Short Seaford , both based on the Empire/Sunderland boats. These flying boats had enough range to operate as

975-685: The Battle of Britain , the Rochester factory was heavily bombed by the Luftwaffe , and several Stirlings and other aircraft were destroyed, and during Easter week of 1941, Belfast and the aircraft factory were subjected to the worst single air-raid the UK had seen outside London . To prevent raids from limiting production, satellite factories near Belfast were operated at Aldergrove and Maghaberry, producing 232 Stirlings between them. A temporary Short's factory

1040-482: The Battle of Gallipoli , a Short S.184 was the first aircraft to attack a ship with a live torpedo. Flying from HMS Ben-my-Chree , piloted by Flight Commander Charles Edmonds , it hit a Turkish supply ship in the Dardanelles . In terms of number built, the S.184 was Shorts' most successful pre- Second World War aircraft: over 900 were produced, many under licence by other manufacturers. A landplane version of

1105-673: The Battle of the Atlantic , the Mediterranean , in Asia and the south Pacific because of its availability, endurance and weapon load. It also carried out air-sea rescue operations. In the absence of sufficient Sunderlands, Australia impressed Qantas-Imperial Short Empire flying boats into military service, and used these successfully especially on reconnaissance missions in the Timor Sea area. A much enlarged transatlantic development of

1170-688: The Boeing 717 airliner, as well as the Bombardier Global Express and the Gulfstream G550 business jets . In 1999, it was announced that BMW was seeking to reduce its direct involvement in BMW Rolls-Royce . During the following year, Rolls-Royce took full control of the joint venture, leading to it being renamed Rolls-Royce Deutschland . BMW maintained a significant stake in parent company Rolls-Royce Plc, being

1235-505: The German car manufacturer BMW and Rolls-Royce. Early work involved the development and production of the BR700 family of jet engines , launched in 1992. During 1999, it was announced that BMW was to discontinue direct involvement in the venture, leading to Rolls-Royce assuming full control in the following year and to the business being renamed Rolls-Royce Deutschland . It has since become

1300-520: The Short Empire , the first of which was launched on 2 July 1936. The Empire was commissioned off the drawing board by Imperial Airways (later BOAC ), to operate the UK's Empire Airmail scheme. A year later Shorts won a British government defence contract for the Sunderland military patrol flying boat. Sharing a similar design, but incorporating some aerodynamic and hydrodynamic advances, and

1365-737: The Short Sperrin , a backup jet engine bomber design in case the V bomber projects failed, and the Short Seamew , a cheap-to-produce anti-submarine reconnaissance and attack aircraft intended for the Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve squadrons, but the Sperrin was not needed and the RNVR squadrons disbanded. In the 1950s, Shorts also received sub-contracts to build 150 English Electric Canberras , and on 30 October 1952,

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1430-530: The Tay , Spey and IAE V2500 , along with the Dart turboprop engine, from the parent company. This redistribution of the work was part of a long-term strategy, allowing the company's main facility at Derby to concentrate on the production and development of its three shaft turbofan powerplants, while Rolls-Royce Deutschland's Dahlewitz facility is developed into a “centre of excellence” for all two-shaft engines within

1495-633: The Wright brothers ' demonstrations of their aircraft at Le Mans in France, Oswald Short reportedly said to Eustace, "This is the finish of ballooning: we must begin building aeroplanes at once, and we can't do that without Horace!" Oswald succeeded in persuading Horace to leave his job with Parsons, and in November 1908 they registered their partnership under the name Short Brothers. Two orders for aircraft were soon received, one from Charles Rolls, who ordered

1560-845: The 1960s, Shorts mainly produced turboprop airliners, major components for aerospace primary manufacturers, and missiles for the British Armed Forces . Shorts was primarily government -owned until being bought by Bombardier in 1989 and, in 2007, was the largest manufacturing concern in Northern Ireland. In November 2020, Bombardier sold its Belfast operations to Spirit AeroSystems . The company's products include aircraft components, engine nacelles and aircraft flight control systems for Bombardier Aerospace , Boeing , Rolls-Royce Deutschland , General Electric and Pratt & Whitney . The Short Brothers business started in 1897 when Eustace Short (1875 – 1932) bought

1625-614: The Admiralty the use of the flying field and Frank McClean had agreed to act as an instructor, so beginning a close association between Short Brothers and the Naval Air Service, whose first pilots were trained using Short S.27 pusher biplanes. In 1911, Shorts built one of the world's first successful twin-engine aircraft, the Triple Twin . Construction started on a long series of naval aircraft floatplanes, starting with

1690-705: The Empire, the S.26 G-Class was developed, but only three completed before the war resulted in further production being cancelled. Short's work on the Sunderland also won it the contract for the Short Stirling four-engine bomber-transport for the RAF. This was essentially a land-based Sunderland, however its use of a now outdated thick-section, low aspect ratio wing to facilitate it going into service quickly limited climb and ceiling, and design decisions, such as

1755-729: The S.184 was also sold to the Royal Flying Corps as the Short Bomber . During the First World War, Shorts were among the manufacturers of two flying boats, the F.3 and F.5 , designed by John Porte at the Seaplane Experimental Station , Felixstowe. When the war ended, some 50 of these were being built at Rochester. Due to the company's success, and the increasing number of seaplanes being produced, larger premises with ready access to

1820-716: The Second World War, the airfield was requisitioned by the Royal Navy. Shorts continued to use the airfield until production of complete aircraft ceased, despite Nutts Corner , a former RAF base, becoming Belfast's main airport (Nutts Corner was itself superseded in 1963 by Aldergrove ). In 1983, following interest from airlines and customers, the airfield was opened for commercial flights as Belfast Harbour Airport (later Belfast City Airport (BCA), now George Best Belfast City Airport ). Following major capital investment, Bombardier sold BCA for £35 million in 2003. In 1977,

1885-423: The Short S.26. In 1913, Gordon Bell became Shorts' first professional test pilot: he was succeeded by Ronald Kemp in 1914. Kemp could not handle the volume of flight testing and development alone and, by 1916, other pilots were employed on a freelance basis. One of these was John Lankester Parker . In 1918 Parker succeeded Kemp as Shorts' Chief Test Pilot , a post he was to occupy for the next 27 years. In 2013

1950-588: The Skyvan proved more popular in the freighter market due to the large rear cargo door that allowed it to handle bulky loads with ease. Skyvans can still be found around the world today. The heavy lift freighter Short SC.5 Belfast flew for the first time in 1964. Only 10 were built for the Royal Air Force . In the 1970s, Shorts entered the feederliner market with the Shorts 330 , a stretched modification of

2015-648: The Skyvan, called the C-23 Sherpa in USAF service, and another stretch resulted in the more streamlined Shorts 360 , in which a more conventional central fin superseded the older H-profiled twin fins. In 1988, the proposed development was announced of a regional jet seating 44 passengers and to be called the FJX. The aircraft would have been a competitor to the Bombardier CRJ100 that was also in development at

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2080-423: The United Kingdom. Shorts survived without reducing the company's workforce by diversifying into areas such as building lightweight bus and tram bodies. During the 1920s and 1930s, flying boats were favoured for long-range civil aviation, because their operation did not rely on the existence of suitable airfields, which were not widespread at the time. Shorts took to the flying boat market, and in 1924 constructed

2145-584: The airline, until its merger into BOAC in 1939, when both were taken out of service the following year, Scylla after being wrecked and Syrinx being scrapped. The Scylla was a land-based development of the Short Kent (S.17) flying boat which used the Kent's flying surfaces on a new fuselage. It was an all-metal biplane with a wingspan of 113 ft (34 m) powered originally by four Bristol Jupiter XFBM radial engines mounted on vertical struts between

2210-521: The balloons at Hove, Sussex , in premises above the acoustic laboratory run by a third brother, Horace (2 July 1872 – 6 April 1917). In 1903, when Horace left to work on steam turbine development with Charles Parsons , Eustace and Oswald moved their workshop to rented accommodation in London, then again to railway arches in Battersea , conveniently situated next to Battersea gas-works. In 1905, they won

2275-491: The brothers had obtained the British rights to build copies of the Wright design . In February 1909, Shorts started construction of a new workshop on unobstructed marshland at Leysdown, near Shellbeach on the Isle of Sheppey . This had been acquired by the Aero Club for use as a flying ground, together with Mussell Manor (now known as "Muswell Manor"), which became its clubhouse. Construction of an initial batch of six aircraft

2340-440: The company changed its name back to Short Brothers, and in 1984 it became a public limited company in preparation for privatisation. The government announced the sale of Shorts to Bombardier on 7 June 1989 for £30 million. As part of the sale, the government agreed (at the insistence of then-Chancellor John Major ) to write off £390 million of the company's "accumulated losses and inject another £390 million to recapitalise

2405-483: The company near Cardington to house its employees still bears the name Shortstown . In 1919, the name of the company was changed to Short Brothers (Rochester and Bedford) Ltd., but nationalisation the same year ended the Short brothers' involvement with the company, which became the Royal Airship Works . During the immediate post-war years the economic climate was difficult for the aircraft industry in

2470-407: The company was producing. The Eastchurch premises was closed in 1934, and in the same year Shorts purchased the engine manufacturer Pobjoy , which had moved to Rochester Airport to be near Shorts and had collaborated on its latest designs. On 5 July 1937, a Short Empire was used by Imperial Airways for the first westbound transatlantic service from Foynes , Ireland to Newfoundland . In 1936,

2535-526: The continued production there of Britannias. In the 1960s, Shorts found a niche for a new short-haul freighter aircraft and responded with the Short SC.7 Skyvan . The Skyvan is most remembered for its box-like, slab-sided appearance and rectangular twin tail units, but the aircraft was well loved for its performance and loading. It served almost the same performance niche as the de Havilland Twin Otter , and

2600-552: The design and development of very short-range, air defence missiles for the UK Ministry of Defence and armed forces worldwide using expertise dating back to the 1950s. In 2000, Thomson-CSF bought Bombardier's 50% share to become the sole owner of Shorts Missile Systems, renaming it Thales Air Defence in 2001. On 31 October 2019, Bombardier announced the sale of its aerostructures activities to Spirit AeroSystems . The sale closed in November 2020 following regulatory approval and

2665-484: The firm had suspended its activities in the sector in the immediate aftermath of the Second World War . The initial purpose of the venture was to develop and manufacture the BR700 family of jet engines . During 1992, development of this powerplant following a sizable order for 200 engines was secured from its launch customer, Gulfstream Aerospace . It was subsequently adopted on multiple aircraft, such as

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2730-524: The first of those made its maiden flight. Of these types, Shorts delivered 60 Canberra B.2s, 49 Canberra B.6s and 23 Canberra P.R.9s, the remaining 18 being cancelled by the Government in 1957. Further work was involved in the conversion of time-expired Canberra B.2s into unmanned radio-controlled missile target aircraft. Two prototypes and 10 production Canberra U.10s were produced, followed by six improved Canberra U.14s. These aircraft were controlled from

2795-821: The first was flown in June 1928; both were delivered to Western Canada Airlines Ltd. In 1924, Shorts produced the first of a series of three designs known as the Singapore . In 1927, the Singapore I was used by Sir Alan Cobham, when he, his wife, and crew made a survey of Africa which covered about 23,000 miles. Shorts then started design work on the Short Calcutta , based on the Singapore layout but larger and more powerful, which began service with Imperial Airways in August 1928. By April 1929 two more had been added to

2860-497: The fleet, and they operated passenger-preferred coastal routes from Genoa to Alexandria by way of Athens , Corfu , Naples , and Rome . Several Calcuttas were used on shorter routes, and were instrumental in permitting long-range airline services between outposts of the British Empire . Shorts followed the production of four Calcuttas with the larger Kent , following with a series of still larger aircraft designs such as

2925-542: The ground by VHF radio, and were equipped to provide feedback on their own performance, as well as that of the missiles aimed at them. As early as 1953, Shorts became involved with pioneering the development of electronic analogue computers , to assist with the design of increasingly complex aircraft. In 1954, the Bristol Aeroplane Company became a 15.25% shareholder in Shorts, and the company used

2990-435: The group and cover current and future losses, capital investment and training." Bombardier beat a bid from General Electric Company and Fokker . Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm had withdrawn before final offers were submitted. The sale was finalised on 4 October 1989. In 1993, with the company under the chairmanship of Sir Roy McNulty , Bombardier Shorts and Thomson-CSF formed a joint venture, Shorts Missile Systems , for

3055-524: The group. Around the time of the take-over, the Rolls-Royce Group was reportedly studying development of a new two-shaft family of engines, ranging from the 7,000 lb-thrust (31 kN) class up to 22,000 lb thrust, to eventually replacement its BR700, Tay and smaller AE 3700 turbofan product lines. This was intended to compete for the next generation of corporate aircraft, regional jets , and small airliners. By 2008, Rolls-Royce

3120-436: The hub for Rolls-Royce Group's two-shaft engines, including the Tay , Spey and IAE V2500 , along with the Dart turboprop engine. The company was established during 1990 as a joint venture , originally known as BMW Rolls-Royce , between the German car manufacturer BMW and British aircraft engine maker Rolls-Royce plc . The establishment of this venture marked the return of BMW to aero engine manufacturing after

3185-478: The injection of funds to set up a production line for the Bristol Britannia turbo-prop airliner, known in the press as The Whispering Giant . Although it was originally intended that 35 Britannias should be built by Shorts, a shortage of work at Bristol led to this number being reduced. Eventually, 15 Britannias were completed by Shorts; five sets of Britannia components were sent to Filton and used on

3250-678: The larger BR715 model of the BR700 family was being phased out as the only aircraft to have been powered by it, the Boeing 717, was being discontinued due to poor sales. However, the smaller BR710 continues to be produced for the Bombardier Global Express and Gulfstream G550 business jets . Furthermore, other operators were interested in adopting the BR710; China Aviation Industry Corporation I and Rolls-Royce Deutschland were at one point studying its potential use to power China's upcoming regional jet ,

3315-487: The planning and construction work started. By early 1915, the first facility of what was to become known as the Seaplane Works was completed: No.1 Erecting Shop. As this and the No.2 and No.3 shops became available, the workforce moved from the Eastchurch factory. No.3 shop was completed in 1917. A long concrete slipway was constructed from the centre-line of No.3 Erecting Shop to enable aircraft of up to 20 tons weight to be launched even at low tide. In 1916, Short Brothers

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3380-407: The sea were needed. At that time, seaplanes were taken by road to Queenborough, then loaded onto lighters to be taken to the RNAS seaplane station on Isle of Grain to be launched and tested. In 1913, an 8.4 acre (3.4 hectare) plot of land by the river Medway about 20 miles (32 km) away at Borstal , near Rochester, Kent , was purchased from Charles Willis (a local councillor ), and

3445-413: The single largest shareholder in the firm for a number of years. However, BMW opted to sell its remaining shares during 2006, the move representing the company's formal exit for the aero engine sector after roughly 90 years of involvement. Shortly after its rebranding as Rolls-Royce Deutschland, the company was assigned all responsibility for several of Rolls-Royce's two-shaft turbofan engines, including

3510-442: The stillborn wartime Seaford , which was to have been the penultimate Sunderland development. In 1943, the Government nationalised Short's under Defence Regulation 78. Oswald Short, who had resigned as Chairman in January of that year, remained as Honorary Life President. By 1947, all of Shorts other wartime factories had been closed, and operations concentrated in Belfast. In 1948, the company offices followed, and Shorts became

3575-655: The time, but the FJX was cancelled after Short Brothers' sale to Bombardier. In 1987 loyalists working at Shorts erected loyalist flags and bunting to intimidate the Catholic workers. The loyalist workers went on strike after management removed the loyalist flags from the shop floor. In April 1989, three Northern Irish men, Noel Little , Samuel Quinn and James King, were arrested in Paris and later convicted of "arms trafficking and associating with criminals involved in terrorist activities." They were accused of having stolen missile parts and documents related to Shorts' products. Also arrested were arms dealer Douglas Bernhardt and

3640-527: The two inboard Jupiters of G-ACJK Syrinx to be easily replaced with Perseus IIL sleeve valve engines, to test their performance in airline conditions. Syrinx was fitted with four Pegasus XC engines when it was rebuilt after it had been severely damaged when blown over by crosswinds while taxiing at Brussels airport. Data from General characteristics Performance Related development Related lists Short Brothers Short Brothers plc , usually referred to as Shorts or Short ,

3705-409: The upper and lower planes. The square-section fuselage was mounted below the lower wing while the tail had a single fin and rudder with a horizontal stabilizer mounted mid way up. The Scylla was originally fitted with a Flettner -type trim tab mounted on arms extended out from the rudder's trailing edge to reduce control forces. An experimental servo tab mounted on the trailing edge of the rudder

3770-417: The use of cells for individual bombs limited its long term usefulness as a heavy bomber when it proved incapable of carrying the newer larger bombs that didn't fit in the cells. As it was intended as a stopgap pending the delivery of the Handley Page Halifax and Avro Manchester bombers, it followed the RAF tradition of also being a transport aircraft, with a cabin useful for troops and cargo, in which role it

3835-463: Was abandoned shortly after the end of the war, however conversions and developments of the Sunderland entered service as transports, starting during the war with the Hythe , which was a demilitarized Sunderland with the turrets faired over, then the post-war Sandringham , which refined the shape to eliminate the turret mountings, and finally by the definitive Solent , with an enlarged tail and more powerful engines and other refinements derived from

3900-529: Was also tested, on G-ACJJ Scylla which led to a patent application submitted jointly by Shorts and Dudley Lloyd Parkes on 7 August 1936. The main undercarriage had one fixed wheel on each side, mounted on three diagonally-braced struts, one to the upper and two to the lower edge of the fuselage; there was a single tailwheel. Ailerons were fitted to both upper and lower wings. The engine nacelles were designed to receive Bristol Jupiter , Pegasus or Perseus engines without modification, This later enabled

3965-452: Was awarded a contract to build two large dirigible airships for the Admiralty . As part of the contract, a loan was provided to enable the company to purchase a site near Cardington, Bedfordshire , on which to build airship construction facilities. As a result, the company concentrated on the construction of heavier-than-air aeroplanes in the Isle of Sheppey/Rochester area, and balloons and dirigibles at Cardington. A housing estate built by

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4030-407: Was established at White Cross Bay, Windermere , that produced 35 Sunderland Mark IIIs. Austin Motors at Longbridge, Birmingham also produced over 600 Stirlings , and Blackburn Aircraft produced 240 Sunderlands at its shadow factory in Dumbarton, Scotland. During the Second World War , the Short Sunderland was an effective anti-submarine patrol bomber operated by RAF Coastal Command in

4095-428: Was started immediately. Short Brothers thus became the first aircraft manufacturing company in the world to undertake volume production of an aircraft design. Here the Dunne D.5 , the first tailless aircraft , was also built under contract. In 1910 the Royal Aero Club and Short Brothers moved to a larger and less marshy ground at Eastchurch , about 2.5 miles (4 km) away. At this time the Royal Aero Club had offered

4160-406: Was used once the Halifax and Avro Lancaster were available in large enough numbers. Attempts by Shorts to sell improved versions to the RAF were ignored, not least over concerns regarding Oswald's leadership and alcoholism. In 1944, the Short Shetland , a high-speed, long-range, four-engined flying-boat, was built (with Saunders-Roe providing the wings and detail design work), but the project

4225-410: Was yet to initiate a specific programme; instead, it was reportedly conducting market research via consultations with airlines on their requirements for a future prospective powerplant. During the 2000s, the subsidiary became involved in the production of the Europrop TP400 , the largest turboprop engine developed in Europe, to power the Airbus A400M Atlas , a military transport plane. By 2005,

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