89-503: 39°09′11″N 117°47′01″E / 39.15314°N 117.78352°E / 39.15314; 117.78352 The Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-city ( SSTEC , simplified Chinese : 中新天津生态城 ; traditional Chinese : 中新天津生態城 ; pinyin : Zhōng-Xīn Tiānjīn Shēngtài Chéng ) is a planned city developed jointly between the governments of China and Singapore . Located in Binhai ,
178-426: A rapid transit system. However, due to cost, it was not until 1970 that construction of the system first took place. The first section, spanning 3.6 km (2.2 mi) of track and 4 stations (Xinhualu, Yingkoudao, Anshandao and Haiguangsi), was completed by February 1976. Further construction was delayed due to an earthquake in 1976. The second section, with an additional 1.6 km (0.99 mi) of track and
267-519: A "Tianjin old preference card" (purple) may purchase specially discounted tickets. The City Card is a non-contact type IC card transit card similar to the Yikatong card in Beijing. It is accepted in subway, light rail, bus, ferry and taxi transport. Since 28 December 2006, City Card has been accepted on the metro line 1. City Card holders can enjoy a discounted fare during transfers between modes. This
356-607: A 10-minute drive from the Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area ( TEDA ). Prior to the development of the city, the area of the project largely comprised saltpans , barren land , and polluted bodies of water. It previously constituted a center for salt mining, a site for carbon sink at wetlands, and a century-old cultural landscape praised by the Chinese poet Fan Bin. The city also aims to respect existing structures in
445-443: A component—either a character or a sub-component called a radical —usually involves either a reduction in its total number of strokes , or an apparent streamlining of which strokes are chosen in what places—for example, the ⼓ ' WRAP ' radical used in the traditional character 沒 is simplified to ⼏ ' TABLE ' to form the simplified character 没 . By systematically simplifying radicals, large swaths of
534-434: A conversion table. While exercising such derivation, the following rules should be observed: Sample Derivations : The Series One List of Variant Characters reduces the number of total standard characters. First, amongst each set of variant characters sharing identical pronunciation and meaning, one character (usually the simplest in form) is elevated to the standard character set, and the rest are made obsolete. Then amongst
623-407: A few revised forms, and was implemented for official use by China's State Council on 5 June 2013. In Chinese, simplified characters are referred to by their official name 简化字 ; jiǎnhuàzì , or colloquially as 简体字 ; jiǎntǐzì . The latter term refers broadly to all character variants featuring simplifications of character form or structure, a practice which has always been present as
712-491: A line on the Tianjin Metro linking the eco-city to the city's metro system. The city's water reclamation plant was opened on 25 June 2017. The city's centre was officially launched on 1 July 2018. The high quality of water provided to the city is only planned to benefit its own inhabitants, while the rest of the municipality awaits to attain the same water quality in the future. Beginning in 2019, construction began on
801-432: A massive reconstruction, modernization and expansion plan was laid out in 2000. In preparation, the system was closed on 1 September 2001, with renovation starting on 21 November of the same year. After purchasing new rolling stock, adding half-height platform screen doors and extending the line up to Shuanglin, the line re-opened on 6 December 2006 as Line 1 , after trial testing that began on 12 June of that year. During
890-475: A model for future eco-friendly cities, contributing to a greener and more sustainable future. The Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-city is located in Binhai , along the Bohai Bay . The city is approximately 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from Binhai's core , 40 kilometres (25 mi) southeast of Tianjin's core, and 150 kilometres (93 mi) southeast of Beijing's core. The southern tip of the eco-city site only
979-610: A newly coined phono-semantic compound : Removing radicals Only retaining single radicals Replacing with ancient forms or variants : Adopting ancient vulgar variants : Readopting abandoned phonetic-loan characters : Copying and modifying another traditional character : Based on 132 characters and 14 components listed in Chart 2 of the Complete List , the 1,753 derived characters found in Chart 3 can be created by systematically simplifying components using Chart 2 as
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#17327766322601068-518: A part of the Chinese writing system. The official name tends to refer to the specific, systematic set published by the Chinese government, which includes not only simplifications of individual characters, but also a substantial reduction in the total number of characters through the merger of formerly distinct forms. According to Chinese palaeographer Qiu Xigui , the broadest trend in the evolution of Chinese characters over their history has been simplification, both in graphical shape ( 字形 ; zìxíng ),
1157-542: A set of economics KPIs to be achieved: By 2023, the Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-City has set several goals to be achieved: Looking ahead to 2035, the Eco-City has ambitious targets to further its sustainable development: These goals exemplify the Eco-City's commitment to sustainable urban development, innovation, and resource efficiency. Through these measures, the Eco-City aims to become
1246-457: Is blue . The Phase 1 of Line 10, from Yudongcheng to Yutai, is 21.18 km (13.16 mi) long with 21 stations. It opened in 2022. Line 10's color is chartreuse . Line 11 will run from Shuishanggongyuanxilu to Dongliliujinglu. It is 22.6 km long with 21 stations. Eastern part of the phase 1 of line 11, from Dongjiangdao to Dongliliujinglu (11 stations) is opened in 28 December 2023. The Jinjing Line or Jinghai Suburban Railway
1335-579: Is magenta . Line 8, running from Lushuidao to Xianshuiguxi , opened on 28 December 2021. This line is also the first metro line in Tianjin to use Type A, GoA4 automated trains. Line 8's color is violet . Line 9 is an east–west line running just north of the Haihe River. It runs from Tianjin railway station to Donghai Road station . It was opened in 2004, spanning 52.8 km (32.8 mi) with 21 stations. The line provides interchange to
1424-419: Is orange . Line 6 runs from Nansunzhuang to Lushuidao with a total length of 42.6 km (26.5 mi). The section from Changhonggongyuan to Nancuiping opened on 6 August 2016. The section from Nansunzhuang to Changhonggongyuan opened on 31 December 2016. The section from Nancuiping to Meilinlu opened on 26 April 2018, and the section from Meilinlu to Lushuidao opened on 28 December 2021. Line 6's color
1513-405: Is 27.157 km (16.875 mi) long with 20 stations. Line 2's color is yellow . Line 3, running southeast–northwest, opened on 1 October 2012. It is 33.7 km (20.9 mi) long with 26 stations. 20 km (12 mi) of track is underground, with 1.2 km (0.75 mi) at ground level and the rest on elevated viaducts. Of the 21 stations, one is elevated, one is at ground level and
1602-515: Is a 13.2 km (8.2 mi) long suburban line from the southern endpoint of Line 5 to Jinghai. This line is opened in 28 September 2024. In a second phase, an extension and a branch are planned. The TEDA Tram was a tram line that runs between TEDA and North of College District stations, mainly serving the Tianjin Economic Development Area (TEDA). It opened on 10 May 2007 and is 7.86 km (4.88 mi) long. It
1691-440: Is actually more complex than eliminated ones. An example is the character 搾 which is eliminated in favor of the variant form 榨 . The 扌 'HAND' with three strokes on the left of the eliminated 搾 is now seen as more complex, appearing as the ⽊ 'TREE' radical 木 , with four strokes, in the chosen variant 榨 . Not all characters standardised in the simplified set consist of fewer strokes. For instance,
1780-454: Is derived. Merging homophonous characters: Adapting cursive shapes ( 草書楷化 ): Replacing a component with a simple arbitrary symbol (such as 又 and 乂 ): Omitting entire components : Omitting components, then applying further alterations : Structural changes that preserve the basic shape Replacing the phonetic component of phono-semantic compounds : Replacing an uncommon phonetic component : Replacing entirely with
1869-420: Is made up different neighborhoods with individual commercial centres and public amenities. The city's four districts are further divided into several "Eco-neighborhoods", which each comprise four "Eco-cells", which are basic 400 metres (440 yd) by 400 metres (440 yd) blocks. The "Eco-cells" are intended to incentivize walking by minimizing the travel distance, and thereby reducing time poverty . Views of
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#17327766322601958-813: Is now discouraged. A State Language Commission official cited "oversimplification" as the reason for restoring some characters. The language authority declared an open comment period until 31 August 2009, for feedback from the public. In 2013, the List of Commonly Used Standard Chinese Characters was published as a revision of the 1988 lists; it included a total of 8105 characters. It included 45 newly recognized standard characters that were previously considered variant forms, as well as official approval of 226 characters that had been simplified by analogy and had seen wide use but were not explicitly given in previous lists or documents. Singapore underwent three successive rounds of character simplification , eventually arriving at
2047-623: Is referred to as the " big seal script ". The traditional narrative, as also attested in the Shuowen Jiezi dictionary ( c. 100 AD ), is that the Qin small seal script that would later be imposed across China was originally derived from the Zhou big seal script with few modifications. However, the body of epigraphic evidence comparing the character forms used by scribes gives no indication of any real consolidation in character forms prior to
2136-648: Is run by Tianjin Binhai Mass Transit Development Co., Ltd, which becomes a subsidiary of Tianjin Rail Transit Group Corporation since 2017. TEDA Line's color is light green . TEDA Tram is finally closed service in 30 June 2023. There were older, box-type metro cars, built by Nippon Sharyo until the system was closed for reconstruction. After re-opening, 114 CNR Changchun Railway Vehicle Company Limited Rapid Train set Vehicle cars entered service & replaced
2225-585: Is the most popular method for long-distance traveling. Ferryboat and bus fares are not distance based. The "Tianjin Metro Phase 2 construction plan", which is approved by the NDRC , consists 513 km of lines total. Line 7 started construction in 2019 and will run from Saidalu to Xifengdao. It is 26.53 km long with 21 stations and runs north south. The line will use six car Type A trains. A 22.5 km (14.0 mi) long metro line strictly serving
2314-547: Is used instead of 叠 in regions using traditional characters. The Chinese government stated that it wished to keep Chinese orthography stable. The Chart of Generally Utilized Characters of Modern Chinese was published in 1988 and included 7000 simplified and unsimplified characters. Of these, half were also included in the revised List of Commonly Used Characters in Modern Chinese , which specified 2500 common characters and 1000 less common characters. In 2009,
2403-670: The Chinese language , with the other being traditional characters . Their mass standardization during the 20th century was part of an initiative by the People's Republic of China (PRC) to promote literacy, and their use in ordinary circumstances on the mainland has been encouraged by the Chinese government since the 1950s. They are the official forms used in mainland China and Singapore , while traditional characters are officially used in Hong Kong , Macau , and Taiwan . Simplification of
2492-595: The "Dot" stroke : The traditional components ⺥ and 爫 become ⺈ : The traditional component 奐 becomes 奂 : Tianjin Metro [REDACTED] The Tianjin Metro or Tianjin Rail Transit is the rapid transit system in the city of Tianjin , which was the second city in mainland China after Beijing to operate a subway system (the Beijing Subway opened in 1971). First opened in 1984,
2581-480: The "Two Clouds" initiative, comprising the Software Development Cloud and Urban Industry Cloud, has played a vital role in driving the economic growth of the Eco-City. The Urban Industry Cloud, utilizing cloud computing and big data infrastructure, has provided essential support to local governments in fostering an environment conducive to the development of urban industries. This has facilitated
2670-459: The "external appearances of individual graphs", and in graphical form ( 字体 ; 字體 ; zìtǐ ), "overall changes in the distinguishing features of graphic[al] shape and calligraphic style, [...] in most cases refer[ring] to rather obvious and rather substantial changes". The initiatives following the founding of the Qin dynasty (221–206 BC) to universalize the use of their small seal script across
2759-482: The 1986 General List of Simplified Chinese Characters , hereafter the General List . All characters simplified this way are enumerated in Chart 1 and Chart 2 in the 1986 Complete List . Characters in both charts are structurally simplified based on similar set of principles. They are separated into two charts to clearly mark those in Chart 2 as 'usable as simplified character components', based on which Chart 3
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2848-520: The 1986 mainland China revisions. Unlike in mainland China, Singapore parents have the option of registering their children's names in traditional characters. Malaysia also promulgated a set of simplified characters in 1981, though completely identical to the mainland Chinese set. They are used in Chinese-language schools. All characters simplified this way are enumerated in Charts 1 and 2 of
2937-470: The Chinese government published a major revision to the list which included a total of 8300 characters. No new simplifications were introduced. In addition, slight modifications to the orthography of 44 characters to fit traditional calligraphic rules were initially proposed, but were not implemented due to negative public response. Also, the practice of unrestricted simplification of rare and archaic characters by analogy using simplified radicals or components
3026-665: The Eco-city Administrative Committee Service Centre, and several residential and industrial developments." On 27 May 2011, the National Animation Industrial Park opened in the eco-city. The city's first residents, 60 families, moved in to the eco-city in March 2012. The eco-city's first community centre was opened on 5 November 2013. On 26 April 2016, construction began on Line Z4 [ zh ] ,
3115-402: The Eco-city's water supply will be from non-traditional sources such as desalinated water and recycled water. The city's "Eco-valley" serves as a walking and cycling pathway that cuts through the city. To encourage drivers to use electric vehicles , charging stations have been placed across the city. A light-rail transit system, supplemented by a secondary network of trams and buses, will be
3204-630: The Eco-city. The plan was developed in 2008 through a collaborative council between public and private entities. A Joint Steering Council, Joint Working Committee, and the Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-City Investment and Development Co., Ltd have worked together to promote the three main initiatives of the project: environmental protection, social development, and economic development. Initial construction began in 2008 with an 8 square kilometres (3.1 sq mi) start-up area, consisting of "three Community Centres,
3293-719: The TEDA Tram line. Line 9 was suspended after damage from the August 2015 explosions , and resumed operation on 16 December from Tianjin Railway Station to Tianjin Pipe Corporation Station . Now, the damaged part has been reopened, along with two new stations: Zhangguizhuang and Taihulu . The line is operated by Tianjin Binhai Mass Transit Development Co., Ltd, which becomes a subsidiary of Tianjin Rail Transit Group Corporation since 2017. Line 9's color
3382-529: The Xinanjiao and Erweilu stations, was completed by 1980. After construction resumed, the total length was 7.4 km (4.6 mi), with 8 stations, and service on the line began on 28 December 1984. To reduce construction costs, the transport authority decided to use an abandoned canal bed to form part of the system, and did not dig deeply. By using the canal bed, the underground section is only 2–3 meters (6 ft 7 in – 9 ft 10 in) under
3471-480: The agreement was to develop a planned city which was practical, replicable and scalable, and would be more environmentally conscious, particularly in regard to resource and energy conservation. The city would then serve as a model for sustainable development for other cities in China. The Singaporean government formed a Ministerial Committee in 2011 in order to improve the coordination and support among its agencies for
3560-488: The area. The profile of the Ji Canal , which is 1,000 years old, will be retained. Two existing villages within the Eco-city site will also be conserved through adaptive reuse or partial rebuilding. Early in its construction, the city failed to attract many residents. The city's first residents moved in during March 2012. An April 2014 piece by The Guardian put the city's population at around 6,000, and noted that many of
3649-418: The automatic ticket machine, and recycled by simply inserting it into the turnstile when leaving the station. Stored-value tickets can be repeatedly used for the regular subway passengers, the fare for each journey outbound passengers through the gates when the balance deducted from the stored-value tickets. Within one year of non-use of stored-value tickets as expired, outdated stored-value tickets available at
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3738-428: The character set are altered. Some simplifications were based on popular cursive forms that embody graphic or phonetic simplifications of the traditional forms. In addition, variant characters with identical pronunciation and meaning were reduced to a single standardized character, usually the simplest among all variants in form. Finally, many characters were left untouched by simplification and are thus identical between
3827-407: The chosen variants, those that appear in the "Complete List of Simplified Characters" are also simplified in character structure accordingly. Some examples follow: Sample reduction of equivalent variants : Ancient variants with simple structure are preferred : Simpler vulgar forms are also chosen : The chosen variant was already simplified in Chart 1 : In some instances, the chosen variant
3916-473: The city's "Central District", which will serve as the city's urban core . The Central District will span an area of 4.5 square kilometres (1.7 sq mi), and is planned to house a population of 58,000. The start-up area of the Central District is completed as for 2023. The construction focuses now shift to the development of the central district. The Ministry of National Development addressed
4005-503: The city's KPIs were updated and reformulated to span 30 quantitative measures and 6 qualitative measures. These revised KPIs lay out targets set for 2023, 2028, and 2035. The groundbreaking ceremony of the Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-city was held on 28 September 2008. Singapore Senior Minister Goh Chok Tong and Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao officiated at the event, signifying the beginning of construction work on
4094-475: The city's buildings were unoccupied. However, the city reported a substantially higher population of 20,000 in 2014. The Guardian reported that the area offered relatively inexpensive apartments and school tuition vis-à-vis other areas in Tianjin, and that developers hoped that this would attract more residents. In subsequent years, the city's population grew rapidly, and the city reported a population of over 80,000 in 2018. In April 2019, China Daily reported that
4183-497: The city's population was approximately 100,000. However, this is well short of the project's initial goal of housing 350,000 people by 2020. A public housing complex based on Singapore's public housing policies, including a "'home ownership' scheme," is aimed at meeting the housing needs of lower and lower-middle income groups in society. The Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-city describes its layout as "1 Axis, 3 Centres, 4 Districts". The "1 Axis" references an "Eco-valley" that cuts through
4272-407: The city, for the purpose of "providing a scenic trail for pedestrians and cyclists". The "3 Centres" refers to the three planned centres of the city: one along the southern banks of the Ji Canal , one to the city's north, and a third in the city's south. Finally, the "4 Districts" refer to the four residential districts in the city's southern, central, northern, and northeastern portions. Each district
4361-468: The competitiveness of local businesses and high-end software professionals. In the pursuit of integrating industry and city, the Eco-City not only focuses on constructing a smart city but also actively introduces intelligent enterprises, establishes intelligent industry training bases, cultivates intelligent industry talents, creates intelligent application scenarios, and develops independently researched and developed intelligent products. This has resulted in
4450-473: The country's writing system as a serious impediment to its modernization. In 1916, a multi-part English-language article entitled "The Problem of the Chinese Language" co-authored by the Chinese linguist Yuen Ren Chao (1892–1982) and poet Hu Shih (1891–1962) has been identified as a turning point in the history of the Chinese script—as it was one of the first clear calls for China to move away from
4539-459: The digital transformation and restructuring of emerging digital sectors, serving as a robust foundation for the Eco-City's intelligentization efforts. Additionally, the Software Development Cloud has brought about a revolutionary shift in enterprise operations through its comprehensive cloud-based DevOps platform. This platform has enabled efficient software development, collaboration in research and development, and talent cultivation, thereby enhancing
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#17327766322604628-476: The early 20th century. In 1909, the educator and linguist Lufei Kui formally proposed the use of simplified characters in education for the first time. Over the following years—marked by the 1911 Xinhai Revolution that toppled the Qing dynasty , followed by growing social and political discontent that further erupted into the 1919 May Fourth Movement —many anti-imperialist intellectuals throughout China began to see
4717-462: The end of the 1990s, it was observed that the Metro system was quite out of date. The atmosphere of the stations was uninviting, difficult to navigate, and with few passenger amenities on the platforms. Trains were infrequent, sporadic, and commonly delayed. The trains themselves were dilapidated, seat covers often torn off, and dim. Taking into consideration more modern, cleaner systems in East Asia,
4806-634: The first official list of simplified forms was published, consisting of 324 characters collated by Peking University professor Qian Xuantong . However, fierce opposition within the KMT resulted in the list being rescinded in 1936. Work throughout the 1950s resulted in the 1956 promulgation of the Chinese Character Simplification Scheme , a draft of 515 simplified characters and 54 simplified components, whose simplifications would be present in most compound characters. Over
4895-463: The first round—but was massively unpopular and never saw consistent use. The second round of simplifications was ultimately retracted officially in 1986, well after they had largely ceased to be used due to their unpopularity and the confusion they caused. In August 2009, China began collecting public comments for a revised list of simplified characters; the resulting List of Commonly Used Standard Chinese Characters lists 8,105 characters, including
4984-475: The following decade, the Script Reform Committee deliberated on characters in the 1956 scheme, collecting public input regarding the recognizability of variants, and often approving forms in small batches. Parallel to simplification, there were also initiatives aimed at eliminating the use of characters entirely and replacing them with pinyin as an official Chinese alphabet, but this possibility
5073-511: The formation of an integrated intelligent industry chain that encompasses production, education, research, and application. The signing ceremony for the Eco-City-Huawei Intelligent Industry Chain project witnessed the settlement of 27 intelligent enterprises, represented by Huawei Marine Networks Co., Ltd. and Sercoh(Tianjin) Automotive Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd. Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-City has
5162-459: The founding of the Qin. The Han dynasty (202 BC – 220 AD) that inherited the Qin administration coincided with the perfection of clerical script through the process of libian . Eastward spread of Western learning Though most closely associated with the People's Republic, the idea of a mass simplification of character forms first gained traction in China during
5251-444: The future. On 25 April 2007, then Senior Minister of Singapore Goh Chok Tong and former Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao met and discussed the idea of a planned city to aid with China's rapid urbanization and pursuit of sustainable development . On 18 November 2007, Singaporean Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong and Wen Jiabao signed a Framework Agreement for the development of the Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-city. The aim of
5340-481: The importance of designing a space where work, leisure, and sustainability can intersect through a "Green Smart Hub" and Friendship Garden. Both native plants and exotic plants have been planted in order to balance different interests; native plants serve as a source of pollination, food, and other functions for the natural environment, whereas inhabitants enjoy a diversity of aesthetically beautiful plants that are often exotic (even artificial leaves in mid-winter on one of
5429-466: The increased usage of 朙 was followed by proliferation of a third variant: 眀 , with 目 'eye' on the left—likely derived as a contraction of 朙 . Ultimately, 明 became the character's standard form. The Book of Han (111 AD) describes an earlier attempt made by King Xuan of Zhou ( d. 782 BC ) to unify character forms across the states of ancient China , with his chief chronicler having "[written] fifteen chapters describing" what
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#17327766322605518-465: The left, with the 月 'Moon' component on the right. Li Si ( d. 208 BC ), the Chancellor of Qin, attempted to universalize the Qin small seal script across China following the wars that had politically unified the country for the first time. Li prescribed the 朙 form of the word for 'bright', but some scribes ignored this and continued to write the character as 明 . However,
5607-650: The lines were jointly operated by two companies: the Tianjin Metro Group Co. operated lines 1, 2, 3, 6, and 10, while the Binhai Mass Transit Development Co. operated lines 5 and 9. In 2017, the two companies were merged into the Tianjin Rail Transit Group Co. (TRT), unifying operations. Line 1 is built upon the old surface-level line, and was opened in 2006. It is 42.227 km (26.2 mi) with 32 stations (currently 29 stations in operation). The old at-grade Shuanglin station
5696-582: The main mode of transportation in the Eco-city, which developers hope will help to reduce its carbon emissions. Construction is currently underway on the new Line Z4 [ zh ] , part of the Tianjin Metro , which will connect the city with Binhai Station , and from there to Beijing by the Beijing-Tianjin HSR .The line is expected to be complete by 2025. Simplified Chinese characters Simplified Chinese characters are one of two standardized character sets widely used to write
5785-402: The most prominent Chinese authors of the 20th century, stated that "if Chinese characters are not destroyed, then China will die" ( 漢字不滅，中國必亡 ). During the 1930s and 1940s, discussions regarding simplification took place within the ruling Kuomintang (KMT) party. Many members of the Chinese intelligentsia maintained that simplification would increase literacy rates throughout the country. In 1935,
5874-470: The old ones. Unlike the old cars, the CNR cars contain air conditioning. Tianjin Metro uses magnetic smartcards. The fare is distance-based and ranges between 2 and 5 yuan. Journeys can be paid for using QR codes. One-way tickets are available at automatic ticket machines, where passengers can purchase up to 9 tickets. The tickets are only effective in three hours from purchase. A ticket can be purchased from
5963-475: The other 19 are underground. Line 3's color is light blue . The southern section of Line 4 will be 19.4 km (12.1 mi) long. The southern section of Line 4 is opened in December 2021 from Dongnanjiao to Xinxingcun. Line 4's color is green . Line 5 runs from Beichenkejiyuanbei to Liqizhuangnan with 28 stations. The line is 34.8 km (21.6 mi) long with 28 stations. On 22 October 2018,
6052-536: The project was deliberately built on "non-arable" land with a " water shortage " to the southeast of Tianjin's urban core , for the declared purpose of serving as a "demonstration that sustainable urbanisation could be achieved despite difficult environmental challenges". The city's site spans an area of 30 square kilometres (12 sq mi), and houses approximately 100,000 people as of April 2019. The city initially planned to house 350,000 people by 2020, but, as of 2021, still aims to house that amount at some point in
6141-581: The project – reportedly a sign of the importance of the project to Singapore. In 2008, the governments of Singapore and China laid out 26 key performance indicators (KPIs) to measure the city's future ecological, economic, and social development. These initial 26 KPIs comprised 22 quantitative measures and 4 qualitative measures, and included guidelines for air quality, water quality, noise pollution, wetland and shoreline protection, urban greenspace, water consumption, modes of transportation, waste generation, local employment opportunities, and other areas. In 2018,
6230-430: The public and quickly fell out of official use. It was ultimately formally rescinded in 1986. The second-round simplifications were unpopular in large part because most of the forms were completely new, in contrast to the familiar variants comprising the majority of the first round. With the rescission of the second round, work toward further character simplification largely came to an end. In 1986, authorities retracted
6319-465: The recently conquered parts of the empire is generally seen as being the first real attempt at script reform in Chinese history. Before the 20th century, variation in character shape on the part of scribes, which would continue with the later invention of woodblock printing , was ubiquitous. For example, prior to the Qin dynasty (221–206 BC) the character meaning 'bright' was written as either 明 or 朙 —with either 日 'Sun' or 囧 'window' on
6408-434: The renovation of the first line, other lines underwent construction. Line 9 , operated by Binhai Mass Transit Development Co. Ltd, began construction in 2001 and its first section opened on 28 March 2004. Between 2004 and 2007, many new stations on the line opened successively. On 1 May 2011, the line was further extended westwards by 3 stations, bringing it to its current length of 52.8 km (32.8 mi). The Tram line in
6497-481: The same set of simplified characters as mainland China. The first round was promulgated by the Ministry of Education in 1969, consisting of 498 simplified characters derived from 502 traditional characters. A second round of 2287 simplified characters was promulgated in 1974. The second set contained 49 differences from the mainland China system; these were removed in the final round in 1976. In 1993, Singapore adopted
6586-467: The second round completely, though they had been largely fallen out of use within a year of their initial introduction. That year, the authorities also promulgated a final version of the General List of Simplified Chinese Characters . It was identical to the 1964 list save for 6 changes—including the restoration of 3 characters that had been simplified in the first round: 叠 , 覆 , 像 ; the form 疊
6675-422: The section from Danhebeidao to Zhongyiyifuyuan (26 stations) became operational. On 31 January 2019, the line was extended one station to Beichenkejiyuanbei. On 7 December 2021, the line was extended one station to Liqizhuangnan. Line 5 and Line 6 forms a loop. It is run by Tianjin Binhai Mass Transit Development Co., Ltd, which becomes a subsidiary of Tianjin Rail Transit Group Corporation since 2017. Line 5's color
6764-475: The station free update procedures for handling customer service center. Common stored value ticket holders enjoy 10% off travel. All full-time students attending schools, technical secondary, craftsmen, and vocational schools with student ID issued by letter may purchase student tickets and enjoy a student discount. Seniors between 60 and 69 years old with a "Tianjin old preference card" (green) can buy discounted senior tickets, seniors 70 years old and older, with
6853-446: The street surface, and was the world's shallowest metro. There were only 1,000 full-time construction workers at that time; the others were volunteers from factories, schools and institutions all over the city. The average number of volunteer workers exceeded 2,000 a day, which rendered the project unique in the world then. Construction was delayed in 1976 when an earthquake hit the city, but was resumed in 1979 and completed by 1984. At
6942-415: The streets have been observed). During the period spanning from 2014 to September 2018, the Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-City experienced a remarkable surge in the number of registered companies. According to Singapore, the count soared from 2,200 to an impressive total of approximately 7,000 entities. The cumulative registered capital of these enterprises amounted to a staggering RMB 270 billion, indicative of
7031-422: The system currently has 11 operating lines and 222 stations spanning 301 km (187.0 mi). Tianjin, as an inland harbor of China, has long been a major commercial city. After the founding of the People's Republic in 1949, the number of vehicles on the roads significantly increased, causing pollution. To overcome these problems, the transport authority decided to close the old tram network and switch over to
7120-550: The system, the TEDA Modern Guided Rail Tram , was built to serve the Tianjin Economic Development Area and was opened on 10 May 2007. Line 2 , after a lengthy construction delay and a structural accident, finally opened, as two separate sections, to the public on 1 July 2012, with the sections being reconnected on 28 August 2013. Line 3, another main north–south line, opened in October 2012. Historically,
7209-446: The thriving business environment within the Eco-City. The Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-City has emerged as a noteworthy economic hub, fueled by its commitment to sustainable development and strategic partnerships. In 2018, the city government announced the city's collaboration with Huawei , a leading global information and communication solutions provider, has played a vital role in shaping its economic landscape. Huawei's implementation of
7298-497: The traditional and simplified Chinese orthographies. The Chinese government has never officially announced the completion of the simplification process after the bulk of characters were introduced by the 1960s. In the wake of the Cultural Revolution , a second round of simplified characters was promulgated in 1977—largely composed of entirely new variants intended to artificially lower the stroke count, in contrast to
7387-833: The traditional character 強 , with 11 strokes is standardised as 强 , with 12 strokes, which is a variant character. Such characters do not constitute simplified characters. The new standardized character forms shown in the Characters for Publishing and revised through the Common Modern Characters list tend to adopt vulgar variant character forms. Since the new forms take vulgar variants, many characters now appear slightly simpler compared to old forms, and as such are often mistaken as structurally simplified characters. Some examples follow: The traditional component 釆 becomes 米 : The traditional component 囚 becomes 日 : The traditional "Break" stroke becomes
7476-594: The urban core of Binhai connecting Binhai West railway station to the Yujiapu Financial District and Binhai railway station . A 39.3 km (24.4 mi) long metro line from Tianjin Binhai International Airport to Beitang station. A western extension to Jinzhonghedajie station on Lines 5 and 6 is under planning. A 35 km (22 mi) long suburban metro line connecting the northern suburbs of Binhai to
7565-522: The use of characters entirely. Instead, Chao proposed that the language be written with an alphabet, which he saw as more logical and efficient. The alphabetization and simplification campaigns would exist alongside one another among the Republican intelligentsia for the next several decades. Recent commentators have echoed some contemporary claims that Chinese characters were blamed for the economic problems in China during that time. Lu Xun , one of
7654-624: The waterfront are retained by a reduction in building heights. The China-Singapore Friendship Garden serves as the city's main park, spanning an area of 41 hectares (0.16 sq mi) along the Ji Canal. By 2023, the PM2.5 concentration should not exceed 50 μg/m, and a 20% improvement rate in ambient air quality. SSTEC also aimed for 100% ecological shoreline retention by the same year. By 2028, SSTEC aimed to satisfy grade II of China's National Ambient Air Quality Grade air quality grade for 85% of
7743-415: The year, and all water body satisfy grade IV of Chinese national standard, as well as 100% wetland protection. SSTEC also aimed for more than 70% of its plant varieties in the to be native vegetation. The "1 Axis" and "Eco-cell" designs are meant to facilitate walking and cycling instead of using vehicles. Renewable energy is planned to produce at least 32% of energy for the city by 2035. Additionally, 60% of
7832-464: Was abandoned, confirmed by a speech given by Zhou Enlai in 1958. In 1965, the PRC published the List of Commonly Used Characters for Printing [ zh ] (hereafter Characters for Printing ), which included standard printed forms for 6196 characters, including all of the forms from the 1956 scheme. A second round of simplified characters was promulgated in 1977, but was poorly received by
7921-505: Was closed on 28 December 2016 and reopened as a new underground station on 3 December 2018. The old rolling stocks (DKZ9 Series) were replaced at the same time. Line 1's color is red . Line 2 opened for trial operations on 1 July 2012. Due to a structural accident in Jianguodao Station , Line 2 was operated as two separate sections from July 2012 to 28 August 2013, when the affected station opened after being rebuilt. The line
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