Skelton Glacier ( 78°35′S 161°30′E / 78.583°S 161.500°E / -78.583; 161.500 ) is a large glacier flowing from the polar plateau into the Ross Ice Shelf at Skelton Inlet on the Hillary Coast , south of Victoria Land , Antarctica.
81-951: Skelton Glacier was named after the Skelton Inlet by the New Zealand party of the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition (CTAE), 1956–58. The glacier was chosen in 1957 as the New Zealand party's route from the Ross Ice Shelf to the Antarctic Plateau . The Arctic Institute of North America organized two ground traverses in the antarctic summer of 1959–60 sponsored by the United States Antarctic Research Program. The first left New Zealand's Scott Base on 16 October 1959, crossed part of
162-454: A black background of the intruded sediments. The descriptive name was given in 1957 by the New Zealand party of the CTAE, 1956–58. Not: Red Dyke Bluff. 78°52′S 162°39′E / 78.867°S 162.650°E / -78.867; 162.650 . A bold, mainly ice-covered peninsula, 10 nautical miles (19 km; 12 mi) long and 5 nautical miles (9.3 km; 5.8 mi) wide, at
243-592: A considerable area south of the mountain, and entering the Skelton Glacier opposite the Delta Glacier. Surveyed in 1957 by the New Zealand reconnaissance party to the CTAE (1956–58), and named after Mount Cocks. 78°46′S 162°12′E / 78.767°S 162.200°E / -78.767; 162.200 . A bluff, 930 metres (3,050 ft) high, on the east side of the Skelton Glacier, lying north of Red Dike Bluff. Surveyed and named in 1957 by
324-1011: A member of the 2000 winter party at the NSF South Pole Station. He was employed by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, working on the Antarctic Submillimeter Telescope and Remote Observatory, a research project of the University of Chicago's Center for Astrophysical Research in Antarctica (CARA). He previously had spent the 1998 winter at the Pole as part of CARA's South Pole Infrared Explorer project. 78°47′S 161°27′E / 78.783°S 161.450°E / -78.783; 161.450 . A hill, 1,310 metres (4,300 ft) high, rising steeply on
405-477: A member of the satellite surveying team at South Pole Station, winter party, 1991. 78°15′S 161°00′E / 78.250°S 161.000°E / -78.250; 161.000 . The upper eastern portion of Skelton Glacier, just north of The Landing, which merges into the Skelton Névé. Surveyed in 1957 by the New Zealand party of the CTAE (1956–58) and so named because of its staircase effect in being
486-490: A very windy place, which made work outdoors unpleasant. All stores lying in the snow tended to get buried and there was a constant danger of them getting lost. They managed to take a number of journeys to collect seals for the dogs and to scout a route to the south. They used dogs and the Weasel tractor , and four Tucker Sno-Cats . In December 1956, Fuchs returned on Danish Polar vessel Magga Dan with additional supplies, and
567-495: Is joined from the east by Baronick Glacier and Cocks Glacier. Skelton Glacier flows south along the west side of the Worcester Range , from which it is joined by Delta Glacier below Delta Bluff, Dilemma Glacier, Ant Hill Glacier below Ant Hill, and Mason Glacier below Bareface Bluff. Between Moraine Bluff and Red Dike Bluff to the east it is joined by Trepidation Glacier. It flows south past Alpha Bluff on Shults Peninsula to
648-524: Is lost to katabatic winds , it would seem that little or none of the ice delivered to the Ross Ice Shelf comes from the high Antarctic Plateau . A study of ice-surface lowering in the upper Skelton Glacier was published in 2020. It concluded that ice surface lowering of the glacier was caused by the retreat of grounded ice in the Ross Sea, which reduced buttressing and drew down the glacier into
729-633: The Lashly Mountains and Portal Mountain , through which the main stream of the Skelton Glacier enters the Skelton névé from the polar plateau. The descriptive name was given in January 1958 by a New Zealand party of the CTAE, 1956–58. 78°14′S 158°19′E / 78.233°S 158.317°E / -78.233; 158.317 . Prominent icefalls extending in an arc some 15 nautical miles (28 km; 17 mi) from Portal Mountain to
810-642: The Royal Society Range , descending southwest from Johns Hopkins Ridge and Mount Rucker to enter the Skelton Glacier. Mapped by the USGS from ground surveys and Navy air photos. Named by US-ACAN after Rutgers University–New Brunswick , New Jersey, which has sent researchers to Antarctica, and in association with Johns Hopkins Ridge and Carleton Glacier. 78°15′22″S 161°53′42″E / 78.25611°S 161.89500°E / -78.25611; 161.89500 . An ice-covered spur which separates
891-589: The Antarctic continent from Shackleton Base via the Pole to Scott Base, following roughly the same route as Fuchs' overland party. Worcester Range The Worcester Range ( 78°50′S 161°00′E / 78.833°S 161.000°E / -78.833; 161.000 ( Worcester Range ) ) is a high coastal range, about 30 nautical miles (56 km; 35 mi) long, in Antarctica . It stands between Skelton Glacier and Mulock Glacier on
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#1732791119743972-620: The British Antarctic Expedition, 1901–04. It was first mapped as an island by the New Zealand party of the CTAE (1956–58) and named in association with nearby Cape Teall. Not: Teale Island. 79°00′S 161°51′E / 79.000°S 161.850°E / -79.000; 161.850 . A prominent black rock peak which surmounts the northwest end of Teall Island, just south of the mouth of Skelton Glacier. Sighted and given this descriptive name in February 1957 by
1053-649: The British team were separately based at Halley Bay . Fuchs was knighted for his accomplishment. The second overland crossing of the continent did not occur until 1981, during the Transglobe Expedition led by Ranulph Fiennes . Preparations began in London in 1955. Over the austral summer of 1955 to 1956, Fuchs sailed with an advance party from London to Antarctica in the Canadian sealer Theron , with
1134-408: The CTAE (1956–58) and refers to a 1957 attempt by an aircraft to land on the exceedingly broken ice at the foot of the glacier. 78°48′S 162°19′E / 78.800°S 162.317°E / -78.800; 162.317 . A prominent bluff immediately south of Trepidation Glacier on the east side of the Skelton Glacier. The bluff is distinguished by a dike consisting of igneous rock against
1215-729: The CTAE was a private venture, though it was supported by the governments of the United Kingdom, New Zealand, United States, Australia and South Africa, as well as many corporate and individual donations, under the patronage of Queen Elizabeth II . It was headed by British explorer Vivian Fuchs , with New Zealander Sir Edmund Hillary leading the New Zealand Ross Sea Support team. The New Zealand party included scientists participating in International Geophysical Year research while
1296-726: The N.Z. party of the CTAE (1956-58) because of its association with Mount Harmsworth. Sir Alfred Harmsworth, a generous contributor to the BrnAE (1901-04), was later created Viscount Northcliff. 78°47′00″S 160°35′00″E / 78.7833333°S 160.5833333°E / -78.7833333; 160.5833333 A broad ice-covered mountain rising to 2,600 metres (8,500 ft) high, 5 nautical miles (9.3 km; 5.8 mi) north-northwest of Mount Speyer in Worcester Range. Named after Rodney Marks (1968-2000), an Australian citizen who died while conducting astrophysical research as
1377-409: The New Zealand party of the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition (CTAE) (1956–58) and so named because of the shape of the bluff. 78°44′S 161°08′E / 78.733°S 161.133°E / -78.733; 161.133 . A prominent peak, 2,255 metres (7,398 ft) high, rising 4 nautical miles (7.4 km; 4.6 mi) southeast of Mount Harmsworth. Surveyed and named in 1957 by
1458-466: The New Zealand party of the CTAE (1956–58). 78°57′S 162°36′E / 78.950°S 162.600°E / -78.950; 162.600 . The southernmost point of Shults Peninsula, at the east side of the mouth of Skelton Glacier. Surveyed and given this descriptive name in 1957 by the New Zealand party of the CTAE (1956–58). Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition The Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition ( CTAE ) of 1955–1958
1539-403: The New Zealand party of the CTAE (1956–58). So named because a long morainic strip extends from the foot of the bluff on to the Skelton Glacier. 78°46′S 162°21′E / 78.767°S 162.350°E / -78.767; 162.350 . Small glacier entering the east side of Skelton Glacier between Moraine Bluff and Red Dike Bluff. The name was applied by the New Zealand party of
1620-590: The New Zealand party of the CTAE, 1956–58. 78°52′S 160°42′E / 78.867°S 160.700°E / -78.867; 160.700 . A mountain, 2,430 metres (7,970 ft) high, standing directly at the head of Kehle Glacier in the Worcester Range. Discovered by the BrnAE (1901-04) and named for Sir Edgar Speyer, a contributor to the expedition. 78°54′S 160°37′E / 78.900°S 160.617°E / -78.900; 160.617 . A mountain, 2,295 metres (7,530 ft) high, standing 3 nautical miles (5.6 km; 3.5 mi) southwest of
1701-463: The New Zealand party of the CTAE, 1956–58. 78°18′S 161°25′E / 78.300°S 161.417°E / -78.300; 161.417 . Prominent spur, 1,750 metres (5,740 ft) high, at the east side of Upper Staircase and the Skelton Glacier. Surveyed and named in 1957 by the New Zealand party of the CTAE, 1956–58. 78°14′S 161°55′E / 78.233°S 161.917°E / -78.233; 161.917 . A steep glacier in
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#17327911197431782-424: The New Zealand party of the CTAE, 1956–58. 78°21′S 161°05′E / 78.350°S 161.083°E / -78.350; 161.083 . A rock summit at c.1,235 metres (4,052 ft) being the northeastern part of Halfway Nunatak, near the centre of the upper Skelton Glacier. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) (1994) after William L. Norton, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) cartographer,
1863-527: The New Zealand party of the CTAE, 1956–58. 78°25′S 161°41′E / 78.417°S 161.683°E / -78.417; 161.683 . Twin rock bluffs in the Lower Staircase of Skelton Glacier, about 6 nautical miles (11 km; 6.9 mi) east of Halfway Nunatak, in Victoria Land. The rocks are an important reference point on the route up the glacier. Descriptively named by
1944-411: The New Zealand party of the CTAE, 1956–58. So named because of difficulties encountered by the geological party in an attempted descent of this glacier. 78°49′S 161°30′E / 78.817°S 161.500°E / -78.817; 161.500 . Glacier between Ant Hill and Bareface Bluff, rising in the Worcester Range and flowing northeast into Skelton Glacier. Surveyed and named in 1957 by
2025-407: The New Zealand party of the CTAE, 1956–58. As this name is a duplication, they renamed the glacier after nearby Delta Bluff. Not: Cascade Glacier. 78°45′S 161°25′E / 78.750°S 161.417°E / -78.750; 161.417 . A steep, broken glacier descending from the Worcester Range into the west side of Skelton Glacier to the north of Ant Hill. Mapped and named in 1957 by
2106-442: The New Zealand party of the CTAE, 1956–58. Named in association with Ant Hill. 78°53′S 161°41′E / 78.883°S 161.683°E / -78.883; 161.683 . Glacier draining the east slopes of Worcester Range, immediately south of Bareface Bluff, and flowing east into Skelton Glacier. Named by US-ACAN in 1964 for David T. Mason, biologist at McMurdo Station, 1961–62 and 1962–63. Tributaries and features on
2187-626: The New Zealand party, of the CTAE (1956–58), and named in association with Clinker Bluff and Mount Tricouni. 78°36′S 161°50′E / 78.600°S 161.833°E / -78.600; 161.833 . A glacier 6 nautical miles (11 km; 6.9 mi) southwest of Mount Cocks , in the Royal Society Range, draining into the Skelton Glacier to the west. Named by US-ACAN in 1963 for Chief Aviation Ordnanceman Michael P. Baronick, of U.S. Navy Squadron VX-6, who wintered at Williams Air Operating Facility at McMurdo Sound in 1956 and
2268-526: The Ross Ice Shelf from the Skelton Névé to the northwest. There are scattered peaks and nunataks in the ice-covered land to the west. The Mulock Glacier flows in a southeast direction to the ice cap, defining the southern boundary of the range. Cape Timberlake is the southeast tip of the range, between Evteev Glacier and Skelton Glacier. Cape Teall is the southwest tip of the range, where Evteev Glacier meets Mulock Glacier. Glaciers flowing from
2349-562: The Ross Ice Shelf, and on 27 October 1959 reached the foot of the Skelton Glacier. They traversed up the heavily crevassed glacier to a fuel cache deposited on the edge of the Victoria Land plateau by planes of the United States Navy and Air Force. From there they travelled more than 600 miles (970 km) to the end station of the French 1958–59 traverse, then east toward the head of Tucker Glacier . The Skelton Glacier flows from
2430-605: The Ross Sea. Most of the lowering since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) occurred between 15,000 and 6,000 years ago. At Escalade Peak in the upper Skelton valley, far from the mouth, the ice surface was at least 50 metres (160 ft) and possibly more than 120 metres (390 ft) higher in LGM than today. These ice elevation changes in a slow-flowing upvalley glacier are several hundred meters less than previous models predicted, which mainly focussed on elevation changes at
2511-573: The Royal Society Range and flows west into Skelton Glacier. First visited by Brooke and Gunn of the New Zealand party of the CTAE, 1956–58. Named by US-ACAN in 1963 for Lt. Cdr. Robert L. Dale , USN, officer in charge of the Squadron VX-6 winteringover detachment at McMurdo Station in 1960. 78°23′S 162°12′E / 78.383°S 162.200°E / -78.383; 162.200 . A glacier about 12 nautical miles (22 km; 14 mi) long, between Mounts Huggins and Mount Kempe in
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2592-935: The Royal Society Range, flowing generally southwest into the Skelton Glacier. Mapped by USGS from ground surveys and Navy air photos. Named by US-ACAN in 1963 for Lt. Cdr. Edgar A. Potter, USN, helicopter pilot at McMurdo Station in 1960. 78°25′S 162°02′E / 78.417°S 162.033°E / -78.417; 162.033 . Glacier which drains the west slopes of the Royal Society Range between Mount Moxley and Mount Lisicky and flows west into Skelton Glacier. Mapped by USGS from ground surveys and air photos. Named by US-ACAN for Squadron Leader K.A.C. Wirdnam, RAF pilot stationed at McMurdo Station in 1960 as an observer, who.also flew missions for U.S. Navy Squadron VX-6. 78°28′00″S 161°53′00″E / 78.4666667°S 161.8833333°E / -78.4666667; 161.8833333 . Bold ice-covered cliffs that extend north–south between Wirdman Glacier and Mount Tricouni on
2673-513: The Skelton Glacier, due west of Mount Tricouni. Surveyed in 1957 by the New Zealand party of the CTAE (1956–58) and so named because it resembles the shape of a clinker, a rectangular nail used in alpine boots, and because of its association with nearby Mount Tricouni. 78°30′S 161°57′E / 78.500°S 161.950°E / -78.500; 161.950 . Prominent peak, 1,630 metres (5,350 ft) high, rising steeply 2 nautical miles (3.7 km; 2.3 mi) north of Hobnail Peak on
2754-466: The Skelton Glacier, lying on the west side of the Royal Society Range . Almost circular in outline, it is about 40 nautical miles (74 km; 46 mi) in diameter and has an area of about 1,300 square miles (3,400 km). Surveyed by New Zealand parties of the CTAE (1956–58), who named it for its relationship to the Skelton Glacier. 78°02′S 159°45′E / 78.033°S 159.750°E / -78.033; 159.750 . The gap between
2835-636: The Skelton Icefalls. Mapped by the USGS from ground surveys and Navy air photos. Named by US-ACAN for Cdr. John J. Metschel, USN, commander of the icebreaker USS Staten Island in the Antarctic and the Arctic in 1962 and 1963. Metschel was killed in the Arctic, Oct. 15, 1963, while engaged in ice reconnaissance in a helicopter from his ship- 78°17′S 160°54′E / 78.283°S 160.900°E / -78.283; 160.900 . An isolated nunatak just north of Halfway Nunatak, between
2916-607: The South Pole Station in 1961. 78°45′S 159°22′E / 78.750°S 159.367°E / -78.750; 159.367 . A mountain, 1,540 metres (5,050 ft) high, standing 7 nautical miles (13 km; 8.1 mi) south of Escalade Peak, near the head of Mulock Glacier. Named by US-ACAN in 1964 for Commander R. Marvel, United States Navy, officer in charge of Detachment Alpha at McMurdo Station in 1963. [REDACTED] This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of
2997-532: The South Pole, but when he had completed laying supply depots he saw the opportunity to beat the British and continued south, reaching the Pole—where the U.S. Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station had recently been established by air—on 3 January 1958. Hillary's party was just the third—preceded by Roald Amundsen in 1911 and Robert Falcon Scott in 1912—to reach the Pole overland. Hillary's arrival also marked
3078-590: The Upper Staircase and the east side of Skelton Névé. Surveyed in 1957 by the New Zealand Northern Survey party of the CTAE (1956–58) and named for its association with Skelton Neve. 78°23′S 161°06′E / 78.383°S 161.100°E / -78.383; 161.100 . An isolated nunatak on the west side of The Landing, and almost in the center of the upper Skelton Glacier. Surveyed and descriptively named in 1957 by
3159-402: The Worcester Range include, from north to south, Mount Harmsworth, Delta Bluff, Northcliffe Peak, Ant Hill, Bareface Bluff, Mount Speyer, Mount Dawson-Lambton and The Podium. 78°41′S 160°56′E / 78.683°S 160.933°E / -78.683; 160.933 . A prominent ice-covered peak, 2,765 metres (9,072 ft) high, at the northwest side of the head of Delta Glacier in
3240-557: The Worcester Range. Discovered by the British National Antarctic Expedition (BrNAE) (1901-04) and named for Sir Alfred Harmsworth , later Viscount Northcliffe, a generous contributor to the expedition. 78°41′S 161°22′E / 78.683°S 161.367°E / -78.683; 161.367 . A steep triangular rock bluff immediately north of the mouth of Delta Glacier, on the west side of Skelton Glacier. Surveyed and climbed in 1957 by
3321-434: The advance party, led by Ken Blaiklock , were left on the ice, having only tents and a packing crate as shelter. Most of the stores were left on the bay ice, some two miles (3.2 km) from the site of where the base was to be set up. Their first task was to get all these stores from the bay ice to the base and to try to build some permanent shelter for the oncoming winter. Once some food and paraffin had been brought up and
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3402-785: The charts of the British Antarctic Expedition , 1907–09. The range is part of the Prince Albert-McMurdo Range, which also includes the Prince Albert Mountains , in the Victoria Land region of New Zealand's Ross Dependency claim. These ranges are part of the larger Transantarctic Mountains , which span the continent. The Worcester Range is bounded to the east by the Skelton Glacier , which flows south to
3483-399: The dogs safely tethered by the base, the men started to build their hut. This proved to be far more difficult than had been envisaged – not only were the eight men insufficient in number to carry out the heavy tasks easily but the weather at Shackleton was colder and much windier than had been anticipated. When the skeleton of the hut was complete, the men positioned the crates containing
3564-460: The east side of Skelton Glacier, in Victoria Land. Surveyed and named in 1957 by the New Zealand party of the CTAE, 1956–58. So named because it resembles a tricouni, a saw-toothed nail used on soles of alpine boots. 78°32′S 161°53′E / 78.533°S 161.883°E / -78.533; 161.883 . Triangular rock bluff immediately south of Mount Tricouni, on the east side of Skelton Glacier in Victoria Land. Explored in 1957 by
3645-457: The east side of Skelton Glacier. Surveyed and named in 1957 by the New Zealand party of the CTAE (1956–58). Named after the first letter of the Greek alphabet because it is the most southerly of all bluffs on the Skelton Glacier. Features at the mouth of the glacier are: 78°54′S 162°15′E / 78.900°S 162.250°E / -78.900; 162.250 . An ice-filled inlet at
3726-494: The east side of the Lower Staircase of Skelton Glacier. The cliffs are 4 nautical miles (7.4 km; 4.6 mi) long and rise to over 1,000 metres (3,300 ft). Pari Haupapa, a Maori name meaning ice cliffs, was applied by the New Zealand Geographic Board (NZGB) in 1994. 78°31′S 161°35′E / 78.517°S 161.583°E / -78.517; 161.583 . A detached bluff within
3807-474: The east side of the mouth of Skelton Glacier in Victoria Land. Mapped by the USGS from ground surveys and Navy air photos. Named by US-ACAN for Capt. Roy G. Shults, USN, Chief of Staff to the Commander, U.S. Naval Support Force, Antarctica, 1962 and 1963. 78°52′S 162°29′E / 78.867°S 162.483°E / -78.867; 162.483 . A high bluff on the west side of Shults Peninsula, at
3888-422: The east. It enters the Ross Ice Shelf to the east of Evteev Glacier . Cape Timberlake and Teall Island are to the west of the mouth. Fishtail Point at the end of Shults Peninsula lies to the east of the mouth. Features of the névé that forms the head of the glacier, and its surroundings: 78°20′S 160°00′E / 78.333°S 160.000°E / -78.333; 160.000 . The immense névé of
3969-487: The esteemed Joel David Ellis Watkins, —were responsible for route-finding and laying a line of supply depots up the Skelton Glacier and across the Polar Plateau on towards the South Pole, for the use of Fuchs on the final leg of his journey. Other members of Hillary's team carried out geological surveys around the Ross Sea and Victoria Land areas. It was not originally intended that Hillary would travel as far as
4050-526: The first time that land vehicles had ever reached the Pole. Fuchs' team reached the Pole from the opposite direction on 19 January 1958, where they met up with Hillary. Fuchs then continued overland, following the route that Hillary had laid, while Hillary flew back to Scott Base in a U.S. plane. He would later rejoin Fuchs by plane for part of the remaining overland journey. The overland party finally arrived at Scott Base on 2 March 1958, having completed
4131-580: The glacier mouths. Skelton Glacier rises in the Skelton Névé, which is fed by The Portal and the Skelton Icefalls from the East Antarctic Ice Sheet . The névé lies to the east of the Boomerang Range , north of Escalade Peak and south of Portal Mountain . Scattered nunataks in the névé include Icefall Nunatak, Mount Metschel, Névé Nunatak, Halfway Nunatak, Swartz Nunataks and Clem Nunatak. The Skelton Glacier flows south from
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#17327911197434212-486: The high plateau of Victoria Land down to the west edge of the Ross Ice Shelf. It separates the Worcester Range and the Royal Society Range of the Great Antarctic Horst (Transantarctic Mountains). The elevation in the upper névé field is over 2,300 metres (7,500 ft), falling to 84 metres (276 ft) above sea level near Teall Island at its mouth on the Ross Ice Shelf. The west and east sections of
4293-556: The historic crossing of 3,473 kilometres (2,158 mi) of previously unexplored snow and ice in 99 days. A few days later the expedition members left Antarctica for New Zealand on the New Zealand naval ship Endeavour . The ship was captained by Captain Harry Kirkwood . Although large quantities of supplies were hauled overland, both parties were also equipped with light aircraft and made extensive use of air support for reconnaissance and supplies. Additional logistical help
4374-424: The ice profile and velocity on this line, an estimated equivalent of 712,000,000 cubic metres (2.51 × 10 cu ft) of water is delivered to the Ross Ice Shelf. A 1961 study of ice movement on the Skelton Glacier estimated that the Skelton névé field and the small cirque glaciers accumulate equivalent of 1,018,000,000 cubic metres (3.60 × 10 cu ft) of water per year, but assuming no more than 30% of this
4455-581: The ice-filled embayment between Cape Teall and Cape Timberlake. So named by United States Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) in 1964 because of its position relative to nearby features and its resemblance to a podium. Isolated features to the north and west of the range include (from north east to south west) Clem Nunatak, Escalade Peak, Tate Peak, Swartz Nunataks and Mount Marvel. 78°31′S 160°40′E / 78.517°S 160.667°E / -78.517; 160.667 . Isolated rock nunatak, 1,260 metres (4,130 ft) high, standing at
4536-463: The key for the approach to the polar plateau. Tributaries and features on the right (west) side include, from north to south: 78°42′S 161°20′E / 78.700°S 161.333°E / -78.700; 161.333 . A glacier descending steeply from the Worcester Range between Northcliffe Peak and Delta Bluff to enter the west side of Skelton Glacier. It was provisionally named "Cascade Glacier" because of its broken lower icefalls by
4617-630: The left (east) side include, from north to south: 78°22′S 161°25′E / 78.367°S 161.417°E / -78.367; 161.417 . A large flat snowfield in the upper Skelton Glacier, between the Upper and Lower Staircases. Mapped and named in February 1957 by the New Zealand party of the CTAE, 1956–58. 78°25′S 161°45′E / 78.417°S 161.750°E / -78.417; 161.750 . The lower, eastern portion of Skelton Glacier, between The Landing and Clinker Bluff. Surveyed and given this descriptive name in 1957 by
4698-463: The lower ends of Rutgers Glacier and Allison Glacier on the west side of Royal Society Range. Named by US-ACAN (1994) after Robin R. Abbott, ASA, Helicopter Field Operations Coordinator at McMurdo Station, active in coordination and planning of science support in Antarctica from 1984. 78°16′S 161°55′E / 78.267°S 161.917°E / -78.267; 161.917 . Glacier with its head just north of Mount Huggins , descending from
4779-814: The north end of Warren Range . Named by the United States Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) in 1964 in association with Skelton Névé and Skelton Glacier. 78°18′S 158°38′E / 78.300°S 158.633°E / -78.300; 158.633 . Prominent ice-free nunatak , 1,760 metres (5,770 ft) high, lying close south of the main flow of Skelton Icefalls. Named by US-ACAN in 1964 for its proximity to Skelton Icefalls. 78°17′S 159°00′E / 78.283°S 159.000°E / -78.283; 159.000 . A prominent ice-free mountain, 1,845 metres (6,053 ft) high, standing 4 nautical miles (7.4 km; 4.6 mi) southeast of Angino Buttress and
4860-416: The north side of Mulock Glacier. Named after Kate Jensen, NOAA field team leader at South Pole Station; also worked for ASA and Raytheon at South Pole. 78°56′S 161°09′E / 78.933°S 161.150°E / -78.933; 161.150 . A high, flat ice-covered bluff, 1 nautical mile (1.9 km; 1.2 mi) in extent, which projects at the south end of the Worcester Range and surmounts
4941-659: The purpose of establishing Shackleton Base near Vahsel Bay on the Weddell Sea , from which the trans-Antarctic expedition would begin. The Theron , like its immediate forebear, the Endurance , was trapped in the ice. Despite sustaining considerable damage, she was able to free herself with the help of the Auster Antarctic floatplane that scouted a way out. In early 1956, Fuchs sailed back to London, leaving eight men to over-winter at Shackleton. The eight men of
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#17327911197435022-469: The range into Skelton Glacier include, from north to south, Delta Glacier ending south of Delta Bluff, Dilemma Glacier , Ant Hill Glacier , ending south of Ant Hill and north of Bareface Bluff, Mason Glacier ending south of Bareface Bluff, and Evteev Glacier, flowing from south of The Podium past Cape Timberlake. The Kehle Glacier forms to the southwest of Mount Speyer and flows southwest to enter Mulock Glacier. Download coordinates as: Features of
5103-402: The south end of Boomerang Range. So named by the N.Z. party of the CTAE (1957-58) because its vertical pitches and platforms provide a ladder-like route to the summit. 78°38′S 159°31′E / 78.633°S 159.517°E / -78.633; 159.517 . Sharp peak, 1,885 metres (6,184 ft) high, standing 2 nautical miles (3.7 km; 2.3 mi) east of Escalade Peak at
5184-512: The south side of Skelton Névé. Named by US-ACAN in 1964 for Lieutenant T.N. Tate, United States Navy, public works officer at McMurdo Station, 1963. 78°39′S 160°00′E / 78.650°S 160.000°E / -78.650; 160.000 . Two prominent nunataks, 1,565 metres (5,135 ft) high, protruding through the ice midway between the north part of the Worcester Range and Tate Peak. Named by US-ACAN in 1964 for Lt. Philip K. Swartz Jr., MC, United States Navy, officer in charge of
5265-547: The southeast of the névé. The east of the névé feeds the Upper Staircase, The Landing and the Lower Staircase. Lower Staircase flows past Twin Rocks and is fed from the north past Stepaside Spur by Rutgers Glacier, Allison Glacier and Dale Glacier. Further south it is fed from the east from the Royal Society Range by Potter Glacier and Wirdnam Glacier. The Lower Staircase joins Skelton Glacier past Clinker Bluff, flowing past Mount Tricouni and Hobnail Peak, below which Skelton Glacier
5346-508: The southern summer of 1956–1957 was spent consolidating Shackleton Base and establishing the smaller South Ice Base, about 300 miles (480 km) inland to the south. After spending the winter of 1957 at Shackleton Base, Fuchs finally set out on the transcontinental journey in November ;1957, with a 12-man team travelling in six vehicles; three Sno-Cats , two Weasel tractors , and one specially adapted Muskeg tractor . En route,
5427-556: The summit of Mount Speyer in the Worcester Range. Discovered by the BrnAE (1901-04) and named after the Misses Dawson-Lambton, contributors to the expedition. 78°52′00″S 160°08′00″E / 78.8666667°S 160.1333333°E / -78.8666667; 160.1333333 Steep rock cliffs that rise to 1,600 metres (5,200 ft) at the southwest edge of Worcester Range. The cliffs are 6 nautical miles (11 km; 6.9 mi) west of Mount Speyer and overlook
5508-517: The team were also tasked with carrying out scientific research including seismic soundings and gravimetric readings. In parallel, Hillary's team had set up Scott Base —which was to be Fuchs' final destination—on the opposite side of the continent at McMurdo Sound on the Ross Sea . Using three converted Ferguson TE20 tractors and one Weasel, abandoned part-way, Hillary and his three men—Ron Balham, Peter Mulgrew and Ellis Williams, great uncle of
5589-493: The terminus of Skelton Glacier, along the western edge of Ross Ice Shelf. The feature is about 10 nautical miles (19 km; 12 mi) wide at the entry points between Cape Timberlake and Fishtail Point. Discovered by the British Antarctic Expedition, 1901–04 , which named this feature for Lt. Reginald W. Skelton, RN, chief engineer of the expedition ship Discovery. 78°58′S 161°37′E / 78.967°S 161.617°E / -78.967; 161.617 . Bold cape at
5670-411: The unfinished hut itself was full of snow. The bay ice had broken off taking all the remaining stores with it. Much food and fuel, a couple of huts and a tractor had all gone to sea. The men tried to retrieve the crates by tunnelling under the snow; the tunnels proved to be useful kennels for the dogs protecting them from the unexpectedly severe winter conditions at Shackleton. The party of eight survived
5751-590: The upper glacier are fed by névé fields separated by the Névé Nunatak, Halfway Nunatak and Clinker Bluff. The glacier is also fed by short and steep glaciers from the Worcester Range and Royal Society Range. Across the mouth, on a line from Teall Island to Fishtail Point, ice thickness varies from 490 to 600 metres (1,610 to 1,970 ft), with very little of the ice grounded. The ocean floor depth along this line varies from 837 to 1,592 metres (2,746 to 5,223 ft) below sea level. Based on 1958–59 measurements of
5832-465: The wall and roof panels around the building site. Then a blizzard began, and lasted for more than a week. The temperature dropped to −20 °C (−4 °F) and the drift around the base made it impossible to do any work outside. The men sheltered in their crate and slept in their tents which were constantly in danger of getting buried by the drift. When finally the wind subsided the giant crates of wall panels had all disappeared under many feet of drift and
5913-422: The west side of Skelton Glacier, 7 nautical miles (13 km; 8.1 mi) southwest of Halfway Nunatak. Named by US-ACAN in 1964 for Willis R. Clem, a construction mechanic at McMurdo Station in 1959. 78°38′S 159°22′E / 78.633°S 159.367°E / -78.633; 159.367 . Prominent peak, 2,035 metres (6,677 ft) high, about 8 nautical miles (15 km; 9.2 mi) east of
5994-553: The west side of the Skelton Glacier between Ant Hill Glacier and Dilemma Glacier. Surveyed and named in 1957 by the New Zealand party of the CTAE, 1956–58. So named by geological members because of the prominent anticline in the bluff below the hill. 78°50′S 161°40′E / 78.833°S 161.667°E / -78.833; 161.667 . A large, sheer snow-free bluff, 940 metres (3,080 ft) high, rising above Skelton Glacier, between Ant Hill Glacier and Mason Glacier. Surveyed and given this descriptive name in 1957 by
6075-440: The west side of the mouth of Skelton Glacier. Named by US-ACAN in 1964 for Lt. Cdr. Lewis G. Timberlake, USN, public works officer at McMurdo Station, 1962. 79°03′S 161°54′E / 79.050°S 161.900°E / -79.050; 161.900 . A high ridgelike island which rises above the Ross Ice Shelf at the west side of the mouth of Skelton Inlet. This may be the feature actually sighted and named Cape Teall by
6156-404: The west slopes of Royal Society Range into Skelton Glacier. Named by US-ACAN in 1963 for Lt. Cdr. John K. Allison, USN, officer in charge of the wintering-over detachment of Navy Squadron VX-6 at McMurdo Station, 1959. 78°17′S 162°02′E / 78.283°S 162.033°E / -78.283; 162.033 . A trenchlike glacier which drains the southwest slopes of Mount Huggins in
6237-601: The western side of the Ross Ice Shelf . It is southwest of the Royal Society Range and north of the Conway Range of the Cook Mountains . The Worcester Range was probably named after the training ship in the Thames, in which many officers of early British Antarctic expeditions trained. It was discovered by the British National Antarctic Expedition (BrNAE), 1901–04. The name seems to have been first applied on
6318-403: The winter with some difficulty, but in reasonably good health, and finally completed the building of the hut except for one hole in the roof, the panel for which was never found. While the hut was being constructed they lived by day in the tractor crate and slept in their tents, two men to each tent. The winter temperatures often fell well below −30 °C (−22 °F), and Shackleton proved to be
6399-516: Was a Commonwealth -sponsored expedition that successfully completed the first overland crossing of Antarctica , via the South Pole . It was the first expedition to reach the South Pole overland for 46 years, preceded only by Amundsen's expedition and Scott's expedition in 1911 and 1912. In keeping with the tradition of polar expeditions of the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration ,
6480-522: Was in Antarctica several summer seasons. Baronick, with a party of three, was in command of the Beardmore Air Operating Facility established on Oct. 28, 1956, at 84°56′S 166°00′W / 84.933°S 166.000°W / -84.933; -166.000 . 78°41′S 162°00′E / 78.683°S 162.000°E / -78.683; 162.000 . The glacier draining the southwest face of Mount Cocks and
6561-452: Was provided by U.S. personnel who were working in Antarctica at that time. Both parties also took dog teams which were used for fieldwork trips and backup in case of failure of the mechanical transportation, though the dogs were not taken all the way to the Pole. In December 1957 four men from the expedition flew one of the planes—a de Havilland Canada DHC-3 Otter —on an 11-hour, 1,430-mile (2,300 km), non-stop trans-polar flight across
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