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16-614: Spata is situated in the middle of the Mesogeia plain, east of Mount Hymettus and west of the Aegean Sea coast. Athens International Airport ("Eleftherios Venizelos") covers the eastern portion of Spata. It is located southeast of Pallini , southwest of Rafina , west of Artemida and about 22 kilometres (14 mi) east south east of Athens city center. The town proper is made up of residential neighborhoods. Farmland, mostly vineyards and olive groves, lie around. Retsina wine

32-517: A Greek fast food company, is also headquartered at the airport. The Air Accident Investigation and Aviation Safety Board has an office at the airport. Mesogeia The Mesogeia or Mesogaia ( Greek : τα Μεσόγεια, η Μεσόγαια/Μεσογαία , "Midlands") is a geographical region of Attica in Greece . The term designates since antiquity the inland portion of the Attic peninsula. The term acquired

48-564: A location in Ancient Attica is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Attic tribes Phyle ( Greek : φυλή , romanized :  phulē , lit.   ' tribe, clan ' ; pl. phylai , φυλαί ; derived from Greek φύεσθαι , phyesthai lit.   ' to descend, to originate ' ) is an ancient Greek term for tribe or clan . Members of the same phyle were known as symphyletai ( Greek : συμφυλέται ) meaning 'fellow tribesmen'. During

64-499: A technical meaning with the reforms of Cleisthenes in c.  508 BC , when each of the ten Attic tribes was in territory composed of three zones ( trittyes ), urban ( asty , the main city of Athens), interior ( mesogeia ) and coastal ( paralia ). In the Classical period , the mesogeia comprised about 47 settlements ( demoi ). In modern usage, the term refers to the central portion of East Attica , separated from

80-447: The 139 existing settlements, villages or town-quarters, which were henceforth called demoi . Three sections, one each from urban, coastal and inland, were then put together to form a tribe. The 30 sections therefore yielded ten tribes, each named after a local hero and each with a geographically scattered membership roughly equal in size and hereditary in the male line thenceforward. They rapidly took on various functions. They became

96-419: The 2011 Kallikratis reform , the area comprised the municipalities of Gerakas , Glyka Nera , Anthousa , Pallini , Paiania , Pikermi , Spata, Artemida , Rafina, Markopoulo Mesogaias , Keratea , Koropi , Kalyvia Thorikou , Vari , Kouvaras , and Voula . Its main settlement is Spata, and its main harbour is Rafina. The Athens International Airport is also located near Spata. This article about

112-667: The Athens basin by Mount Hymettus , and delineated to the north by Mount Penteli and to the south by the mountains of south Attica (Merenta, Panio  [ el ] , Laureotic Olympus ). To the east the Mesogeia reaches the Aegean Sea at the Petalioi Gulf , but is separated from the actual coastline by a line of low hills. In the late Middle Ages , the area was the site of Albanian ( Arvanite ) settlement, as can be seen from toponyms such as Spata or Liopesi . Before

128-622: The Hylleans, the Pamphyles, the Dymanes in Doris . The best-attested new system was that created by Cleisthenes for Attica in or just after 508 BC. The landscape was regarded as comprising three zones: urban ( asty ), coastal ( paralia ) and inland ( mesogeia ). Each zone was split into ten sections called trittyes ('thirdings'), to each of which were assigned between one and ten of

144-514: The airport and are being exhibited in the main airport building. Since the Middle Ages , Spata has been inhabited mainly by Arvanites . The town (then village) was re-populated by the medieval Tosk Albanian clan of Spata around the 15th century, after they emigrated from Epirus . It was named after John Spata , who was despot of Arta in the 14th century. His name derives from Albanian shpatë (def. and pl. shpata). The patron saints of

160-638: The ancient Athenian demes of Erkhiá (Ερχιά), the birthplace of the historian and general Xenophon , and Kýthēros (Κύθηρος); a Mycenean cemetery was excavated at the southern edge of town by Panagiotis Stamatakis in the 1870s, the exhibits being hosted in the National Archaeological Museum of Athens . Evidence of small ancient settlements abound in the area, the most notable being the Neolithic fortified settlement on Zágani hill. Several of these were excavated during works for

176-873: The brigading units for the army; constituencies for the election of magistrates, especially the ten generals ( strategoi ), for the section of members of the Council of 500 ( boule ) and of the 6,000 jurors, and for the selection of boards of administrative officials of every kind: and bases for the selection of competing teams of runners, singers or dancers at various festivals. They had their own corporate life, with officials and sanctuaries, and came to have an official order: 1. Erechtheis (Ἐρεχθηΐς), 2. Aigeis (Αἰγηΐς), 3. Pandionis (Πανδιονίς), 4. Leontis (Λεοντίς), 5. Acamantis (Ἀκαμαντίς), 6. Oineis (Οἰνηΐς), 7. Kekropis (Κεκροπίς), 8. Hippothontis (Ἱπποθοντίς), 9. Aiantis (Αἰαντίς) and 10. Antiochis (Ἀντιοχίς). After this so called Period I that lasted until 307/306 BC,

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192-707: The late 6th century BC, Cleisthenes organized the population of Athens in ten phylai (tribes), each consisting of three trittyes ("thirtieths"), with each trittys comprising a number of demes . Tribes and demes had their own officers and were self-administered. Some phylai can be classified by their geographic location, such as the Geleontes, the Argadeis, the Hopletes, and the Agikoreis in Ionia , as well as

208-542: The system of Phylae had undergone few changes: When the colony of Thurii on the Gulf of Taranto was settled under the support of Pericles and the command of Lampon and Xenocritus the population was organized in ten tribes, following the Athenian organization: there were tribes for the population of 1. Arcadia , 2. Achaea , 3. Elis , 4. Boeotia , 5. Delphi , 6. Dorians , 7. Ionians , 8. population of Euboea , 9.

224-628: The town are Peter and Paul , celebrated on July 29 at the Byzantine chapel of the same name, located near the eastern edge of the town. The feast is accompanied by the medieval custom of the distribution of the stifado , a beef-and-onions stew cooked overnight in cauldrons and distributed to the faithful outside the chapel after Mass. Olympic Air has its head office in Athens International Airport in Spata. Goody's S.A. ,

240-787: Was committed to construction of the new Athens International Airport, which was completed in March 2001. The Attica Zoological Park , or "Attica Zoo", opened in May 2001 and is Athens' and Greece's largest zoo. Spata has five kindergartens, three elementary schools, two secondary schools, a police station, Post Office, several bank offices, and a junior football/soccer team, Aittitos (Invincible). The training facilities of AEK FC are also located there. The municipal unit of Spáta also incorporates various small exurbs: Agía Kyriakí, Neápoli, Ágios Ioánnis, Velanidiá, Christoúpolis, Foínikas, Étos Stéko, Ágios Nikólaos Boúra, and Ímeros Péfkos. The area included

256-417: Was the traditional cash crop of the whole area, complemented with olives and olive oil, figs, almonds, pistachios, and wheat. Nowadays viticulture is dwindling as a mass occupation, albeit supplanted by the emergence of many modern wineries that mostly specialize in vinifying the local Savatiano grape. The bulk of the grape and wine business is handled by the local co-operative. In 1995, the southern portion

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