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45-541: Sturry is a village on the Great Stour river situated 3 miles (4.8 km) northeast of Canterbury in Kent . Its large civil parish incorporates several hamlets and, until April 2019, the former mining village of Hersden . Sturry lies at the old Roman junction of the road from the city to Thanet and Reculver , at the point where a fort was built to protect the crossing of the river Stour. Sturry railway station

90-521: A collection of axes and pottery shards from the Bronze Age and more pottery from the Sturry Hill gravel-pits, and a burial-ground near Stonerocks Farm showed that there was an Iron Age settlement of Belgic Celts (who gave Canterbury its pre-Roman name of Durovernum) from the end of the 2nd century BC. All this evidence indicates that human habitation of some kind existed on the north bank of

135-727: A field below Kemberland Wood near the Sarre Penne stream. Three of the five crew were killed and were firstly buried in Sturry Cemetery but then reinterred in the late 1960s into the German war cemetery at Cannock Chase . Nonetheless, a number of interesting buildings remain intact in Sturry, including the Manor House , built in 1583, which is now the junior school of The King's School, Canterbury . St Nicholas parish church

180-586: A generally south-west to north-east direction. The historic city of Canterbury is situated on the river, as are the former Cinque Port of Sandwich and the railway town of Ashford. The route of the Stour Valley Walk follows the river. The source, of what is known at that point as the Great Stour, is near the village of Lenham , within a short distance of the River Len , a tributary of

225-636: A joint venture with French aircraft manufacturers Dassault-Breguet to develop the Alpha Jet . In 1983, Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) acquired a production licence for the Dornier 228 and manufactured the aircraft for the Asian market. By 2013 a total of 117 Dornier 228 aircraft had been produced by HAL with plans to build 20 more during 2013-14. Pushpindar Singh Chopra was the agent of Dornier to India during this contract. In 1985, Dornier became

270-594: A large lake and an embankment has had to be built to prevent overflow into the Medway catchment barely 100 metres (330 ft) away to the south. The river turns north east by the village of Great Chart in the direction of its outlet to the sea. The confluence with the East Stour , flowing from its source near Hythe , is to be found at Pledge's Mill at the bottom of East Hill in Ashford. The town of Ashford marks

315-476: A member of the Daimler-Benz group, integrating its aeronautic assets with the parent company. As part of this transaction, Lindauer Dornier GmbH was spun off, creating a separate, family-owned firm, concentrating on textile machinery design and manufacturing. The rest of the company was split into several subsidiaries for defence, satellites, medtech and aircraft. In 1996, the majority of Dornier Aircraft

360-496: A £4.2 million environmental improvement project at its Lenham treatment works to ensure wastewater is treated to higher standards. New reed beds, containing more than 7,500 reeds, will help clean up to 4.3 million litres of wastewater from more than 3,600 people each day. In 2017 The Marine Group based in Cardiff begun work with their water injection dredger on the river through Sandwich and Richborough to tackle some of

405-465: Is a turboprop-powered amphibious aircraft built largely of composite materials. This was developed by Claudius Dornier Jr.  [ de ] , and later by his son Cornado by Dornier Seawings. Claude's grandson, Iren Dornier  [ de ] , founded Dornier Technologie in 1996 to manufacture the Dornier S-Ray 007 . (Does not include designations for aircraft built while Dornier

450-484: Is a joint Anglican and Methodist church and is situated on a bank beside the River Stour, The Local Ecumenical Partnership enables the congregation to be of mixed denomination - either Methodist or Anglican. The large parish of St Nicholas incorporates the villages of Sturry with Fordwich and Westbere with Hersden . The church is predominantly Norman in style, with the oldest parts dating to about 1200. In 1965

495-676: Is sometimes known as the Upper Great Stour or West Stour . In the tidal lower reaches, the artificial Stonar Cut short cuts a large loop in the natural river. The Stour has Kent's second largest catchment area (the River Medway having the largest). The lower part of the river is tidal; its original mouth was on the Wantsum Channel , an important sea route in medieval times. The river has three major tributaries , and many minor ones. For much of its length, it flows in

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540-424: Is the only secondary school in Sturry. It too has produced graduates of note, including the television producer Nic Ayling, the actor Rusty Goffe , and the novelist Michael Paraskos . Sturry has had a cricket club playing off Field Way since 1863. In 2005 Sturry Cricket Club was made homeless after the land was sold; currently the club are playing out of Polo Farm Sports Ground near Fordwich and run two sides in

585-524: The EADS . The medtech division was sold to an investment company and now bears the name Dornier MedTech . Dornier Medtech manufactures medical equipment, such as the Dornier S lithotripter , HM3, Compact Delta to treat kidney stones . Dornier MedTech also manufactures laser devices for a wide range of applications. The Dornier family have a spin-off company and project, the Dornier Seastar . It

630-814: The Komet ( Comet ) and Merkur ( Mercury ), were used by Lufthansa and other European carriers during the 1920s and early 30s. Dornier built its aircraft outside Germany during much of this period due to the restrictions placed on German aircraft manufacturers by the Treaty of Versailles : locations included Altenrhein , Switzerland , 12 km from Zeppelin's Lindau (Bodensee) location. Foreign factories licence-building Dornier products included CMASA and Piaggio in Italy , CASA in Spain , Kawasaki in Japan , and Aviolanda in

675-591: The Medway . The source is at a high elevation close to the North Downs escarpment. At first, the river flows south east in a narrow valley parallel to the escarpment and the Greensand ridge to the south, before breaking through the ridge near Hothfield into a broad valley. Three small streams enter from the north, having their headwaters on the close to Downs escarpment. Flood defences can turn this valley into

720-687: The Netherlands . Once the Nazi government came to power and abandoned the treaty's restrictions, Dornier resumed production in Germany. The success of the Wal family encouraged the development of derivatives, and of more advanced successors, such as the Do 18 , and Do 24 which saw service in several armed forces, including German, into World War II . Dornier's most important World War II military aircraft design

765-632: The Continent and, in the utmost secrecy, a new port was built at Richborough. Landing facilities along the Cut were built, and the East Kent Light Railway was extended to service the port. Nothing now remains of much of those works, and the Cut has been allowed to return to its natural state. In Roman and medieval times, the river was an important highway, connecting Canterbury with the Continent. Fordwich became important to shipping after

810-591: The KRCL on Saturday and a friendly side on Sundays. River Stour, Kent The River Stour ( / ˈ s t aʊər / , rhymes with "hour" ) is a river in Kent , England that flows into the North Sea at Pegwell Bay . Above Plucks Gutter , where the Little Stour joins it, the river is normally known as the Great Stour . The upper section of the river, above its confluence with the East Stour at Ashford

855-570: The North Downs gap. The rail links from Canterbury to the Isle of Thanet and also to Ashford , and the main A28 road follow identical routes. The 51.5-mile (82.4 km) Stour Valley Walk follows the river for much of its length. The Great Stour estuary at Plucks Gutter and Grove Ferry is renowned for its coarse fishing, particularly bream stocks. The lower-lying parts of Canterbury have in

900-457: The River Stour and its tributaries for centuries as a source of power. Many different processes were performed by the use of water power:- Corn milling, fulling, paper making and electricity generation. Many of the mills survive today as house conversions, with two of them still working commercially. Both roads and railways make use of the river. The Watling Street link to Richborough ("Rutupiae") and their link from Canterbury southwards made use of

945-813: The River Stour, on Sturry's site, for hundreds and thousands of years. When the Romans arrived, they built Island Road (the A28) to connect Canterbury , the local tribal capital, with the ferry to the Isle of Thanet, with a branch to their fort at Reculver . The most important era for Sturry, determining its future shape, size, function and name, was that part of the early 5th century when the beleaguered Romano-Britons brought in Frisians and Jutes as mercenaries to help them fight against invading Picts and Scots, and rewarded them with land. Some of them settled near Sturry: their cemetery

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990-573: The Stour. The action of tidal drift of shingle along the coast had resulted in the huge loop at the estuary end of the river, and on 29 November 1774 an Act of Parliament was enacted to bypass the loop at the narrowest end, at Stonar . The works, to become known as the Stonar Cut , made use of an existing sluice to cut across the neck of the loop, and were completed in 1776. During World War I , huge volumes of both troops and supplies were needed on

1035-503: The church was Grade I listed by English Heritage. There are two primary schools in the area. Sturry Church of England Primary school is situated near the north of the village, with strong links with Hersden Primary School. The junior part of The King's School, Canterbury , is also located in south Sturry. Famous alumni of King's School include Antony Worrall Thompson and Orlando Bloom . Spires Academy , formerly known as Sturry Secondary Modern School and later Frank Montgomery School ,

1080-503: The city, and the other to the north of the city walls. The two channels rejoin to the east of Canterbury, before the river reaches Fordwich , a former outport of Canterbury and the current tidal limit of the river. Beyond Fordwich, the river passes between several former gravel pits and through the reed beds of the Stodmarsh National Nature Reserve . Beyond the nature reserve lies the open farmland on

1125-621: The countryside around the village. Large and deep quarries are still worked on the edge of the village, with the old workings flooded to provide recreational lakes used primarily for fishing. During the Second World War , Sturry was bombed, the greater part of the High Street being destroyed by a parachute mine in 1941 during the Baedeker Blitz , killing 15 people of which seven were children aged 12 and under. One of these

1170-535: The floor of the Wantsum Channel, whilst those to the south lie behind the sand dunes of the Sandwich Flats. These marshes are criss-crossed with drainage ditches. The principal marshes are those of Chislet , within the ancient estuary of the river; Wade, west of Birchington ; and Ash Level. In the mid-18th century, it became necessary to alleviate the problem of flooding along the lower course of

1215-399: The former Zeppelin shed at Manzell ) when it failed in 1923. Dornier was well known between the two world wars as a manufacturer of large, all-metal flying boats and of land based airliners. The record-breaking 1924 Wal (English: Whale ) was used on many long distance flights and the Do X set records for its immense size and weight. Dornier's successful landplane airliners, including

1260-622: The medieval tithe barn - although they have all been incorporated into the King's School after they were sold by the widow of Lord Milner in 1925. Since the 1960s a large number of satellite housing estates have been built on the north side of the village, mostly in former woodland, which have turned Sturry into one of the major dormitory villages for Canterbury. Nonetheless, the village is still overwhelmingly rural, with fields for arable farming and livestock grazing, and large amounts of coppice woodland . A number of market gardens can also be found in

1305-413: The parish of Stourmouth (West and East) mark the original point where the Stour entered the erstwhile Wantsum Channel , a strait used for hundreds of years until silting and land reclamation turned the sea channel into a large drainage ditch. At this point the third large tributary, the 8.4-mile (13.4 km) Sarre Penn (named locally as the "Fishbourne Stream") enters with the Wantsum Channel. Here

1350-474: The past been particularly prone to flooding . The River Stour (Kent) Internal Drainage Board has the responsibility of reducing that risk in the river catchment area In 2006, male fish were found with signs of "feminisation" after having been exposed to treated sewage effluent in the river near Ashford. It was found that oestrogen enters the river when the nearby Bybrook sewage works discharges its end product. In 2009, Southern Water started work on

1395-459: The reclaimed marshes surrounding the river crossing at Grove Ferry Picnic Area , near the hamlet of Upstreet . At the hamlet of Plucks Gutter , the second of the large tributaries enters the main river: the 18.9 miles (30.4 km) long Little Stour , which begins life as a spring stream in Bekesbourne . From here on, the river is normally known as the River Stour. The twin villages in

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1440-508: The river flows through the villages of Wye , Chilham and Chartham , with Wye being a fordable crossing. The historic city of Canterbury lies at the junction of four branches of the Roman road Watling Street which connected Canterbury with ports around the Kent coast – Lympne , Dover , Richborough and Reculver . Within the city, the river flows in two channels, one through the centre of

1485-454: The river turns southwards to the once-thriving port of Sandwich , after which it loops back on itself to the north before entering the Strait of Dover at Pegwell Bay . The Stonar Cut obviates the need for seagoing craft to take the longer route around the loop at Sandwich. From the tidal limit at Fordwich to the sea, the river is fringed with marshes . Most of them are located on what was

1530-436: The sediment build up. Author Russell Hoban repurposes the River Stour where it flows through Canterbury as the "Rivver Sour" in his 1980, post apocalyptic novel Riddley Walker . The River Stour features in the 1944 film A Canterbury Tale . Dornier Flugzeugwerke Originally Dornier Metallbau , Dornier Flugzeugwerke took over Flugzeugbau Friedrichshafen production facilities ( Weingarten , Warnemünde , and

1575-542: The silting up of the southern entrance to the English Channel . In 1831 Joseph Priestley wrote his Historical Account of the Navigable Rivers, Canals and Railways . In it he described in one section the "Canterbury Navigation, or River Stour". He includes an account of its course and the improvements being carried out at that time to assist navigation, and details of new port facilities. Man has used

1620-729: The smallest towns in England, Fordwich , where there are further interesting buildings, including the historic Town Hall. Fordwich itself is smaller in size than Sturry. A rare survival, a small granary, constructed with wooden weather-boards is located at Blaxland Farm and has nine staddle stones supporting it. A barn from Vale Farm, Calcott has been re-erected at the Museum of Kent Life , Sandling . A 16th-century manor house and oast house , built in 1583 and which belonged to St Augustine's Abbey in Canterbury still stand in Sturry village beside

1665-527: The start of the middle section of the river, sited at a crossing point of the river and on ancient track ways. In Ashford, the river helps form part of the Ashford Green Corridor . After Ashford, the Stour breaches the North Downs; for most of this distance there are no tributaries. After the Brook stream enters from the right, there are now 15 miles (24 km) to Canterbury. In this stretch

1710-408: The war, the twin-engined Do 335 , which was too late to see service. After WWII, aircraft production was again forbidden in Germany, and Dornier relocated to Spain and then to Switzerland where the firm provided aeronautical consultancy services until returning to Germany in 1954. Post-war, Dornier re-established itself with successful STOL Do 27 and Do 28 utility planes . In 1974 it joined

1755-530: Was a little girl who had been to the bakers' and whose body was recovered still clutching the bag of buns she had bought. The same aircraft dropped another bomb, but this landed amongst the allotments. In the book Letters to Sturry , it is recorded that on Wednesday 28 August 1940, there were eight separate air-raid warnings and on 'Battle of Britain Day', 15 September 1940, a German Dornier bomber plane (Aircraft 2651, 3rd Staffel, Kampfgeschwader 76 ), crash-landed in

1800-491: Was acquired by Fairchild Aircraft , forming Fairchild Dornier . This company became insolvent in early 2002. Production of its 328 Jet was acquired by US company Avcraft . Asian groups continued to show interest in its 728 version in August 2004, but production was not restarted. Dornier 228 production was taken over by Swiss manufacturer RUAG , who then sold it off to General Atomics in 2020. Other subsidiaries became part of

1845-639: Was developed to fill multiple roles for the Luftwaffe . As a medium bomber it saw service during the early part of World War II , particularly during the Battle of Britain . It was later developed into a nightfighter to counter the RAF bomber offensive. Dornier developed the similar looking Do 217 from the Do 17 but it was a larger and completely new design. Dornier also developed the fastest piston-engined fighter of

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1890-496: Was found at Hersden . Some time after, Kent was re-organised into lathes, or districts. Sturry was the first; Stour-gau, meaning district or lathe on the Stour. The lathe was bounded by the Stour as far as Canterbury in the North by the sea, and farther south as distant as Wye. The remains of a large village water mill lie near the parish church , and the High Street retains some historic buildings. The village virtually adjoins one of

1935-655: Was opened in 1848 and the line was electrified in 1962, by the South Eastern Railway ; it is on the line between Canterbury West and Ramsgate . The station was until the 1860s the stagecoach point for Herne and Herne Bay . The parish boundaries are the same now as they were in 1086 as recorded in the Domesday Book . Human habitation in Sturry is thought to have started around 430,000 years ago, as dated flint implements - namely knives and arrow-tips - show. Other signs of early human activities include

1980-569: Was the Do 17 , nicknamed The Flying Pencil . It first flew in 1934 as a mailplane for Lufthansa but due to its narrow fuselage (hence its nickname) it was not commercially viable and was passed over. Dornier then developed it further as a military aircraft, with a prototype bomber flying in 1935, and in 1937 it was used in by the German Condor Legion during the Spanish Civil War . Production continued in Germany and it

2025-654: Was with Zeppelin-Lindau ) Additional unbuilt projects include 3 different Schneider Trophy racers from 1924, 1928 and 1931 and a large multi-engine seaplane similar to the Do X with engines buried in the wings. Dornier GmbH built the Faint Object Camera for the Hubble Space Telescope , which was used from 1990 to 2002. The ESA funded the unit, which actually consists of two complete and independent camera systems designed to provide extremely high resolution, exceeding 0.05 arcseconds . It

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