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77-476: The name “ Suvadive ” is derived from Huvadhoo Atoll. “ Suvadiva ”, “ Suvaidu ” or “ Suvadive ” ( Dhivehi : ސުވާދީބު) is the ancient name for Huvadhoo Atoll. The early seventeenth-century French navigator François Pyrard referred to Huvadhoo as " Suadou ". Until the recent history of the Maldives, the southern atolls had been more affluent (plant cover and more fertile soils, seafarers going to trade abroad) than

154-610: A vaavu ( ވ ). This means that Thaana is one of the few alphabets not derived graphically from the original Semitic alphabet – unless the Indic numerals were (see Brahmi numerals ). The Thaana alphabet ( hā, shaviyani, nūnu, rā, bā , ...) does not follow the ancient order of the other Indic scripts (like Tamil) or the order of the Arabic alphabet. Thaana, like Arabic, is written right to left . It indicates vowels with diacritic marks derived from Arabic. Each letter must carry either

231-531: A noonu at the end of a word, it indicates a velar nasal. The Maldivian language has had its own script since very ancient times, most likely over two millennia, when Maldivian Buddhist monks translated and copied the Buddhist scriptures. It used to be written in the earlier form (Evēla) of the Dhives Akuru ("Dhivehi/Maldivian letters") which are written from left to right. Dhives Akuru were used in all of

308-402: A union territory of India . The Maldivian language has four notable dialects. The standard dialect is that of the capital city of Malé . The greatest dialectal variation exists in the southern atolls of Huvadhu , Addu and Fuvahmulah . Each of these atolls has its own distinct dialect often thought to be interconnected with each other while being widely different from the dialect spoken in

385-566: A World War II submarine attack. The Addu nobles were accused of the death of Al-Ameer Hassan Fareed, claiming it to have been due to sorcery and were punished after they were brought to Malé. By the end of 1957, the Sultan had appointed Ibrahim Nasir as Prime Minister. After being appointed Ibrahim Nasir had soon ordered the British to halt all construction work in Addu where an airbase and hospital

462-763: A deputation from the nation of "Divi". The name "Divi" is very similar to "Dheyvi" who were the first settlers of Maldives. Later Sultan Muhammad al-Adil Deposed and assassinated Deposed Deposed and assassinated Deposed Deposed and assassinated Deposed Deposed Former Imam to Raadhafathi and Dhaain Last of the Lunar dynasty. Grave found in Thaa Atoll, Guraidhoo by H.C.P Bells expedition. Son of Golhaavahi Kambulo (Kalavahi Kabulo) and Kulhiveri Hilaalu Kaeulhanna Kaloge son of Muslim Abbas of Hulhule Deposed Deposed by his uncle Hussain. Assumed

539-535: A glottal stop. Gemination of nasals, however, is indicated by noonu + sukun preceding the nasal to be geminated. Maldivian is also written in " Malé Latin " (most commonly used, such as when romanising place names). IAST transliteration is also sometimes used, and also the Devanāgarī script (almost never used in Maldives, but used in Minicoy ) Towards the mid-1970s, during President Ibrahim Nasir 's tenure,

616-985: A slight variation in speech.Such as the huvadhu accent which from islands from thinadhoo to gadhoo have differences even though it's the same accent The sound system of Maldivian is similar to that of Dravidian languages. Like other modern Indo-Aryan languages the Maldivian phonemic inventory shows an opposition of long and short vowels, of dental and retroflex consonants, and of single and geminate consonants but no aspirates. Nouns in Maldivian inflect for definiteness , number and case. Definiteness may be one of definite, indefinite or unspecified. Number may be singular or plural. Case may be one of nominative , dative , ablative , genitive , locative , instrumental or emphatic . The nominal system of Maldivian comprises nouns, pronouns, adjectives and numerals as parts of speech. Maldivian uses two numeral systems. Both of them are identical up to 30. After 30, however, one system places

693-510: A subgroup within the modern Indo-Aryan languages, called Insular Indo-Aryan . However, they are not mutually intelligible. Maldivian and Sinhalese are descended from the Elu Prakrit of ancient and medieval Sri Lanka. These Prakrits were originally derived from Old Indo-Aryan vernaculars related to Vedic Sanskrit . Whereas formerly Maldivian was thought to be a descendant of Sinhalese, in 1969 Sinhalese philologist M. W. S. de Silva for

770-552: A total of 16 ships in Huvadhoo. Thinadhoo was famous throughout the Indian Ocean for their frequent trips. Thinadhoo was the wealthiest island in the country until it was forcefully depopulated and destroyed. There were many Maldivian ships (Arumaadu Odi) in the 19th century and during the first half of the 20th century, which traveled as far as Aden to the west and Sumatra to the east. The accumulation of wealth outside

847-553: A vowel or a sukun , which indicates "no vowel". The only exception to this rule is noonu which, when written without a diacritic, indicates prenasalisation of a following stop . The vowels are written with diacritical signs called fili . There are five fili for short vowels (a, i, u, e, o), with the first three being identical to the Arabic vowel signs ( fatha, kasra and damma ). Long vowels (aa, ee, oo, ey, oa) are denoted by doubled fili , except oa, which

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924-552: Is a consistent script system that is well adapted to writing almost all languages of South Asia. However, this scheme lacks a few sounds used in Maldivian. ISO 15919 has been used by Xavier Romero-Frias to romanize Maldivian in his book The Maldive Islanders - A Study of the Popular Culture of an Ancient Ocean Kingdom . The government reinstated the Thaana script shortly after President Maumoon took power in 1978. There

1001-400: Is a mark to indicate an abrupt stop (vowel deletion) on the sound of the letter on which it is placed. However, if it is on a shaviyani or alif and comes within the word, the following consonant is geminated; if it comes on a shaviyani or alif at the end of a word, it signifies the glottal stop; if it comes on a thaa , the sound is replaced by a y off-glide; if it comes on

1078-413: Is a modification of the short obofili . The letter alifu represents the glottal stop . It has three different purposes: It can act as a carrier for a vowel, that is, a word-initial vowel or the second part of a diphthong ; when it carries a sukun , it indicates gemination of the following consonant; and if alifu + sukun occurs at the end of a word, it indicates that the word ends in

1155-549: Is an inscription on a coral stone, which is estimated to be from around the 6th-8th centuries. Maldivian is an Indo-Aryan language of the Sinhalese-Maldivian subfamily. It developed in relative isolation from other languages until the 12th century. Since the 16th century, Maldivian has been written in a unique script called Thaana which is written from right to left , like Arabic (with which it shares several common diacritics for vowel sounds). The foundation of

1232-814: Is believed to have been killed after he returned from performing the Hajj in Mecca . Many of his descendants are from the Southern Maldives. Ibrahim Nasir , the Prime Minister of Maldives during the formation of United Suvadive Republic was born to the Southern Atoll of Fuvahmulah and has the same ancestral grandfather as Afeef Didi (President of United Suvadive Republic), Ibrahim Faamuladheyri Kilegefan son of Sultan Muhammed Ghiya'as ud-din of Diyamigili Dynasty. Until enactment of 1932 constitution

1309-471: Is characterised by a derivational relationship between active, causative and involitive/intransitive verb forms. The word order in Maldivian is not as rigid as in English, though changes in the order of words in a sentence may convey subtle differences in meaning. To ask for some fish in a market, one uses the following words: mashah (to me) mas (fish) vikkaa (sell), which may be put in any of

1386-411: Is favoured as the second script. Maldivian is now written using a different script, called Taana or Thaana, written from right to left. This script is relatively recent. The literacy rate of the Maldives is very high (98%) compared to other South Asian countries. Since the 1960s English has become the medium of education in most schools although they still have Maldivian language classes, but Maldivian

1463-400: Is still the language used for the overall administration. Maldivian uses mainly the Thaana script for writing. It is an alphabet , with obligatory vowels derived from the vowel diacritics of the Arabic abjad . It is a largely phonemic script: With a few minor exceptions, spelling can be predicted from pronunciation, and pronunciation from spelling. The origins of Thaana are unique among

1540-509: Is written in Thaana script. Dhivehi is a descendant of Elu Prakrit and is closely related to Sinhalese , but not mutually intelligible with it. Many languages have influenced the development of Dhivehi through the ages. They include Arabic , Hindi , Persian , Tamil , French , Portuguese , and English . The English words atoll (a ring of coral islands or reefs) and dhoni (a vessel for inter-atoll navigation) are anglicised forms of

1617-603: The Guinness World Records as the Atoll with most islands in the World. It is a well-defined atoll with almost a continuous rim-reef with a deep lagoon. Huvadu population unknown in 1958 Thinadhoo population estimated at 6000 people in 1959. (Prior to depopulation) Thinadhoo population estimated at 1800 people after resettlement on 22nd August 1966.(After depopulation in 1959) Fuvahmulah ('Fua Mulaku' in

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1694-522: The Sultan of the Maldives wanted at a price he agreed to pay, and sell the rest to the people at a higher price than the crown paid. Southern atolls built fleets of 100 to 200 dead-weight tonnage long haul ships (Arumaadu Odi) which were operational until the 1960s. They were fully decked with deck-houses and large overhanging forecastles . Havaru Thinadhoo operated nine long haul ships, Gadhdhoo two ships, Nilandhoo three ships, and Dhaandhoo two ships with

1771-419: The intelligentsia and descendants of exiled kings of the Maldives. These include Sultan Mohamed IV or Devvadhoo Rasgefaan, and those exiled includes, Sultan Hasan X , Sultan Ibrahim Mudzhiruddine and descendants of Sultan Muhammed Ghiya'as ud-din . This comprises the royal houses Isdu, Devvadhoo and Diyamigili. High political appointees and ex-Sultans were exiled to Fua Mulaku in the past. A majority of

1848-474: The loamaafaanu copper plates and the third source called Raadhavalhi which was written in 1757 using both Dhives Akuru and Thaana . The 7 dynasties of Maldives 1. Theemugu dynasty 2. Umaru veeru dynasty 3. Hilai dynasty 4. Utheem dynasty 5. Isdhoo dynasty 6. Dhiyamili dynasty 7. Hura dynasty A 4th century notice written by Ammianus Marcellinus (362 CE) speaks of gifts sent to the Roman emperor Julian by

1925-425: The union territory of Lakshadweep , India. The Maldivian language has multiple dialects due to the wide distribution of the islands, causing differences in pronunciation and vocabulary to develop during the centuries. The most divergent dialects of the language are to be found in the southern atolls, namely Huvadhu , Fuvahmulah and Addu . The other variants show less difference to the official dialect, including

2002-460: The 10th century CE. However, there is nothing in the history of these islands or Sinhalese chronicles, even in legendary form, that alludes to a migration of Sinhalese people which would result in such a connection. Maldives is completely absent from the pre-12th century records of Sri Lanka. A rare Maliku Thaana primer written in the Maliku dialect, published by Lakshadweep 's administration during

2079-536: The Admiralty Chart) an atoll by itself with a single large island in the Equatorial Channel . Fuahmulah population unknown in 1958. Addu Atoll marks the southern end of the Maldivian archipelago, and is formed with large islands on its eastern and western side fringed by broad barrier reefs . Addu population estimated at 18,000 people in 1958. The Southern Maldives aristocracy includes

2156-533: The British. Its high skilled worker population had grown to an extent that it was no longer supported by food resources from those who lacked skills which required importation of food. Maldivian language Dhivehi or Divehi ( / d ɪ ˈ v eɪ h i / di- VAY -hee ; Dhivehi: ދިވެހި , IPA: [d̪iʋehi] ), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in the South Asian island country of Maldives and on Minicoy Island , Lakshadweep ,

2233-539: The Maldives Kingdom had always traded directly with Ceylon , India and East Indies ports. Direct trade from the southern atolls created a wealthy mercantile class in Huvadu and Addu atolls. The Kingdom of Maldives also had no options to post agents in the southern atolls for tax collection as those atolls were too remote. Even if an agent was placed, there were no effective long-term alliance towards Malé of

2310-776: The Maldives after an abortive expedition with Portuguese assistance in order to abolish regency and assume power. Accidental death His mother Princess Maryam acted as regent due to his age. Killed with his mother while at sea in an explosion. Son of Dharanboodhoo Kadida Dio and Abu Naibu Hassan Dorhimeyna Kilege son of the Regent Hussain Famuladeyri Kilege Possibly poisoned to death Possibly poisoned to death Appointed as Sultan by request of Viziers Son of Ibrahim Shah Bandar Kilege of Isdhoo and Aysha Dio Abdicated Abdicated for cousin Ibrahim Mudzhiruddine He

2387-583: The Maldivian government introduced telex machines in the local administration. This was viewed as great progress, but the local Thaana script was deemed to be an obstacle because messages on the telex machines could only be written in the Latin script . Following this, in 1976 the government approved a new official Latin transliteration, Dhivehi Latin , which was quickly implemented by the administration. Booklets were printed and dispatched to all Atoll and Island Offices, as well as schools and merchant liners. This

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2464-522: The Maldivian words atoḷu and dōni . Before European colonization of the Southern Hemisphere, it was the southernmost Indo-European language. The origin of the word "Divehi" is from older divu-vesi , meaning "island dwelling". Divu (from Sanskrit द्वीप dvīpa , 'island') later became ދޫ dū , which is currently present in many names of Maldivian islands, such as Hanimādū , Mīdū , and Dāndū . Vesi came from

2541-602: The New Year's Eve of 1959 due to the government announcing new taxation on boats. The impending disaster due to angry mobs trying to attack government facilities was informed by Abdulla Afeef Didi getting the officials to safety in British-controlled areas. The final blow to the harmony of the Southern atolls were from the arrest and physical assault on Ahmed Didi by one of the officials sent from Male'. Ahmed Didi

2618-455: The Sanskrit suffix -वासिन् -vāsin and later became ވެހި vehi . ބަސް bas (from Sanskrit भाषा bhāṣā ) means "language", so ދިވެހިބަސް dhivehi bas means "islanders' language". Wilhelm Geiger , a German linguist who undertook the first research on Maldivian linguistics in the early 20th century, also called the language Divehi . An h was added to

2695-616: The Sultan assumed the title King with the style Majesty . This style was used until 1968, when the Maldives became a republic for the second time. The main official Royal residence of the Sultan was the Etherekoilu , a palace in Malé. The reigns of Sultans are from three sources. Taarikh (also known as the Tarikh lslam Diba Mahal) by Maldivian chronicler Hasan Taj Al-Din (died in 1727) written in Arabic which covers 670 years of Maldives history,

2772-411: The account of events told by the person who assaulted Ahmed Didi, in turn convicted Abdulla Afeef Didi . He was sentenced to public flogging by two cat o' nine tails , and chili paste rubbed into the wounds. The investigation was said to have been overlooked by Al-Ameer Hassan Fareed who visited Addu and had soon departed to Colombo afterwards. On the way to Colombo, he met his unfortunate demise from

2849-434: The addition of ve , which is never used to end a sentence in spoken Maldivian. In using ve a strict word order also has to be maintained, but in spoken Maldivian word order is not considered to be very rigid. One of the very important things one has to take into account in written Maldivian which is not so important in spoken Maldivian is the ‘ sukun ’ on the letters alif and shaviyani . Sukun in general

2926-525: The archaic features decrease towards the south. The dialect of Huvadhu is characterized by the highest degree of archaicity. One of the main reasons to the formation of United Suvadive Republic according to a letter sent by Afeef Didi to The Times of London highlighted on the indifference shown by the central government to the people of the southern atolls. This included the government providing lack of elementary needs such as food, clothing, medicine, education, and social welfare. The letter also referred one of

3003-413: The central government refused to help. Another reason being food prices being too high in southern atolls due to the central government selling them at high prices while purchasing southern dried fish at lower prices to be exported to Ceylon. The Maldives' economic development was hampered by a lack of land-based resources and human capital, as well as a long-standing feudal structure. The Maldives lacked

3080-465: The chief justices who served the Kingdom of Maldives were from the southern Maldives. Prince Abdulla (later known as Ibrahim Faamuladheyri Kilegefan) was banished when he was nine years old to the southern atoll of Fuvamulah from Malé, after his father Sultan Muhammed Ghiya'asuddin was dethroned. His family’s lands were seized and his supporters were banished to islands. Sultan Muhammed Ghiya'asuddin

3157-498: The descendants of Sultans in Addu, Huvadhu and Fuvahmulah did not have to pay vaaru (poll tax). The governing bodies of the three atolls consisted of families who are related with extended families managing the atolls. Southern atolls were always self governed due the southern and northern atolls being separated by the largest oceanic gap between any other atoll of Maldives, the Huvadhu Kandu . Important governing positions in

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3234-522: The development of the language. Especially in the field of morphology, the amount of archaic features steadily increase from the north to the south. Within the three southernmost atolls (of the Maldives), the dialect of the Addu islands which form the southern tip of the whole archipelago is characterized by the highest degree of archaicity". However, the Huvadhu Atoll dialect is characterized by

3311-454: The development of the language. Especially in the field of morphology, the amount of archaic features steadily increase from the north to the south. Within the three southernmost atolls (of the Maldives), the dialect of the Addu islands which form the southern tip of the whole archipelago is characterized by the highest degree of archaicity”. From Malé to the south up to Huvadhu Atoll, the number of archaic features increases, but from Huvadhu Atoll

3388-536: The dialects spoken in a few islands in Kolhumadulu Atoll and the now obsolete dialect once spoken in Giraavaru , which are hardly recognised and known. The letter Ṇaviyani (ޱ), which represented the retroflex n sound common to many Indic languages ( Gujarati , Hindi , etc.), was abolished from official documents in by Muhammad Amin in 1950. Ṇaviyani's former position in the Thaana alphabet, between

3465-732: The distinction between what is spoken and what is written. Every language that has a written form has this distinction to a greater or lesser degree, but many Asian languages, including Maldivian exhibit major differences between the two varieties of language. Malé dialect and Maliku dialect are the only dialects commonly used in writing. Spoken Maldivian, for instance, has twenty-seven consonants. In contrast, written or literary Maldivian includes some Arabic sounds as well. Though these sounds are also used in speaking, their phonetics are not strictly observed. This results in pronunciation as close as possible to spoken Maldivian. Regarding syntax, it may be said that every sentence in written Maldivian ends with

3542-415: The first time in 1947 which were to be issued from Maldives. The impact to the economy due to the trade restrictions was resented by the southern merchants and population. The success of imposing trade restriction gave the Maldives central authorities the opportunity to impose vaaru (poll tax) and varuvaa (land tax) on the southern atolls. The restrictions on trade and the imposition of new taxing angered

3619-406: The first time proposed that Maldivian and Sinhalese had branched off from a common mother language. The following are some phonological features shared by Sinhala, or unique to Maldivian: The earliest official writings were on the lōmāfānu (copper-plate grants ) of the 12th and 13th centuries. Earlier inscriptions on coral stone have also been found. The oldest inscription found to date

3696-676: The following orders without a change in meaning: mashah to.me List of sultans of the Maldives Maldives was turned into a Sultanate in 1153 when the Buddhist King Dhovemi converted to Islam . Prior to that the Maldives was a Buddhist Kingdom, a Hindu Kingdom and before that a matriarchal society with each atoll ruled by a chief queen according to some accounts or by others, several theocratic societies ruled by priests known as Sawamias of heliolatric , selenolatric and astrolatric religions. All

3773-441: The highest degree of archaicity. From Huvadhu Atoll the archaic features decrease toward the south and north. Fritz also adds that "the different classes of verb conjugation and nominal inflection are best preserved there, morphological simplifications and, as a consequence increasing from atoll to atoll towards north (in the Maldives)". Maldivian presents another aspect with which English speakers are not too familiar: diglossia ,

3850-487: The historical linguistic analysis of both Maldivian and Sinhalese was laid by Wilhelm Geiger (1856–1943). In Geiger's comparative study of Maldivian and Sinhalese, he assumes that Maldivian is a dialectal offspring of Sinhalese and therefore is a "daughter language" of Sinhalese. However, the material he collected was not sufficient to judge the "degree of relationship" of Maldivian and Sinhalese. Geiger concludes that Maldivian must have split from Sinhalese not earlier than

3927-461: The islands between the conversion to Islam and until the 18th century. These ancient Maldivian letters were also used in official correspondence with Addu Atoll until the early 20th century. Perhaps they were used in some isolated islands and rural communities until the 1960s, but the last remaining native user died in the 1990s. Today Maldivians rarely learn the Dhives Akuru alphabet, for Arabic

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4004-509: The letters Gaafu and Seenu, is today occupied by the palatal nasal Ñaviyani (ޏ). It is still seen in reprints of traditional old books like the Boḍu Tarutību and official documents like the Rādavaḷi . It is also used by people of southern atolls when writing songs or poetry in their language variant. According to Sonja Fritz, "the dialects of Maldivian represent different diachronial stages in

4081-567: The monopoly of the Sultan enabled the southern atolls of Maldives to form as the embryo of a thalassocracy . The first President of the United Suvadive Republic, Abdulla Afeef Didi, stated in a letter to the editor of The Times in London that the forming of the new republic was not due to any outside influences. It was formed with their determination to have a government elected by the people and to have economic growth which

4158-542: The name of the language— "Dhivehi"— in 1976, when the semi-official transliteration called Malé Latin was developed. Today the spelling with Dh has common and semi-official usage in the Maldives. Maldivian is an Indo-Aryan language closely related to the Sinhalese language of Sri Lanka . Maldivian represents the southernmost Indo-Aryan language, as well as the southernmost Indo-European language prior to European colonization. Maldivian and Sinhalese together constitute

4235-496: The necessary infrastructure (ports, airports, hospitals, schools, harbors, and telecommunications, as well as people resources) to enter the twenty-first century as a self-sufficient nation until the late 1950s and 1960s. Even though the Maldives initially felt the impact of the industrial revolution in Europe in 1850, when Indian merchants brought luxury goods to Malé , residents on the outer islands never experienced such luxury. All

4312-462: The northern atolls (where wealth, centralized by the royal administration, came from sailor-merchants from abroad); these two ways of acquiring wealth generated two types of political power: one with despotic tendencies in the north, and a democratic sort in the south. The Crown had a monopoly on grey and black amber, as well as black coral , and hired employees to collect it. Foreign ships trading to Maldives had to report their cargo, sell whatever

4389-649: The northern atolls by the Suvadive Channel or the Huvadu Kandu , which is the broadest channel between any atolls of the Maldives. It is known as the One and a Half Degree Channel in the British Admiralty charts. Huvadu Atoll which is the largest atoll in the Maldives archipelago embracing an area of about 2,900 km (1,120 miles²) and around 255 islands within its boundary. It is recognized in

4466-408: The northern atolls. The southern dialects are so distinct that those only speaking northern dialects cannot understand them. The ethnic endonym for the language, Divehi , is occasionally found in English as Dhivehi (spelled according to the locally used Malé Latin for the romanisation of the Maldivian language), which is the official spelling as well as the common usage in the Maldives. Dhivehi

4543-629: The perils of war. Until then Huvadhu and Addu had established frequent trading to the ports of Colombo, Galle in Ceylon. With World War II , the central authorities had their first opportunity to impose restrictions to the southern atolls to restrict trade and gain an advantage over them. Maldives diplomats in Colombo with the co-operation of the British authorities managed to monitor the southern merchants who traded from Colombo. The central authorities in Maldives exerted requirements to carry passports for

4620-479: The person to forward the collected tax to capital. Any northern Maldivian stationed there would " go native " seeing his loyalties divide after a few years. The trading ships were called vedi in the atolls of Addu and Fuamulak and vodda in Huvadu. Direct trade created a wealthy mercantile class in Southern Atolls. It was not uncommon to see long haul dead-weight 100 to 200 tonnage fleets anchored in

4697-432: The population. World War II had an enormous impact on the Maldives as the main export of dried fish could not be exported and lack of importation of staples caused severe privation and even famine. Trading of even single coconuts or barters to the British troops were recorded through the government by the militia officers stationed in Addu and Havaru Thinadhoo to ensure taxation was imposed. Riots spread across Hithadhoo on

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4774-433: The reasons to taxation imposed on the people which caused revolts from those who had nothing to give. In the letter he also mentioned about the southern atolls being deprived of elementary needs such as government assigned doctors, schooling, communication facilities or public utilities. Seasonal epidemics such as flu, malaria, enteritis, typhoid, diarrhea, conjunctivitis outbreaks caused deaths annually, and when appealed to,

4851-493: The riches and education were reserved for the ruling elites and aristocracy of Malé, and islanders lived in isolation from Malé and the rest of the world. In addition to elitism, islanders faced other challenges. Only Malé's elites were allowed to go freely overseas for academics or business, while the rest of the Maldivians were subjected to a number of limitations. World War II discouraged many from trading by ship due to

4928-448: The rulers before King Koimala only ruled over parts of the Maldives or Deeva Maari (and Dheeva Mahal) as it was known then. Koimala was the first king to rule over all the islands of the Maldives as we know today and the island of Maliku . The formal title of the Sultan up to 1965 was, Sultan of Land and Sea, Lord of the twelve-thousand islands and Sultan of the Maldives which came with the style Highness . After independence in 1965

5005-402: The southern atolls were hereditary. Historically the Huvadu atoll chief had the privilege, not granted to any other atoll chief of the Maldives, to fly his own flag in his vessels and at his residence. Direct trade among the northern atolls in the Maldives except a few affluent families from the region passed through Malé. The southern atolls of Huvadu, Fuamulak and Addu until the abolishing of

5082-525: The southern atolls. Thinadhoo of Huvadu Atoll itself had 40 of those ships which were famous throughout the Indian Ocean. The southern ships were no longer built with the disruption of direct trade after United Suvadive Republic. The southern atoll dialects are distinctly different to the northern language of Maldives. Each of the three atolls has a different dialect with Huvadu atoll having variations within each island. According to Sonja Fritz, “the dialects of Maldivian represent different diachronial stages in

5159-666: The throne after deposing his nephew Sultan Ibrahim I. Accidental death Grave found in Thaa Atoll, Guraidhoo by H.C.P Bells expedition. Prime Minister to Osman I Killed in battle Half brother of Sultan Yoosuf II Killed in battle with the Portuguese who came to summon the Council of Ministers of the Maldives to Cochin. Deposed Deposed Deposed Deposed Killed Grandson of Sultan Aboobakuru I Son of Mohamed Farhana Kalo and Recca daughter of Aboobakuru I Assassinated Deposed Killed in battle He

5236-599: The time of Rajiv Gandhi 's rule, was reprinted by Spanish researcher Xavier Romero Frías in 2003. There is a holiday, the Dhivehi Language Day , which is celebrated in the Maldives on 14 April, the birthday of the writer Husain Salahuddin . Maldivian is spoken in the Maldives and a variation of it in Minicoy . Maldivian is the official language of the Maldives and a semi-official language in

5313-480: The unit numeral stem before the decade, for example, eh-thirees '31' ( lit. "one and thirty") while the other combines the stem of the decade with the unit numeral, for example, thirees-ekeh '31' ("thirty + one"). The latter system also has numerals multiplied by ten for decades 70, 80 and 90. The decade fas dholhas '60' ("five twelves"), comes from a much older duodecimal , or dozen-based, system which has nearly disappeared. The Maldivian verbal system

5390-435: The world's alphabets: The first nine letters (h–v) are derived from the Arabic numerals, whereas the next nine (m–d) were the local Indic numerals. (See Hindu–Arabic numerals .) The remaining letters for loanwords (t–z) and Arabic transliteration are derived from phonetically similar native consonants by means of diacritics, with the exception of y ( ޔ ), which is derived from combining an alifu ( އ ) and

5467-455: Was being built. Prior to forming of the new nation, hundreds of workers in Addu had modern skills. Some were foremen of electric works, construction, vehicle maintenance and even chefs and were accustomed to living in large houses with tape recorders and imported cigarettes; which were luxurious goods to Maldives at the time. The atoll also had an enormous increase of population from 6000 to 17000 within 19 years due to excellent medical service by

5544-612: Was in breach of the Treaty and was not legally binding. Al-Amira Kuda Kalu Kamanafaanu acted as regent from 1607 until 1609. She was the daughter of Hassan Thakurufaan and Sitti Maryam Maavaa Kuda Kamanafaanu Rani Kilege, daughter of Sultan Ali VI, Sultan of the Maldives, by his wife, Princess Aisha Kabafa'anu, daughter of Sultan Kalu Mohamed Hussain Faamuladeyri Kilege acted as regent from 1609 to 1620. Muhammad Imaduddin I acted as regent from 1620 to 1632. De-recognised in

5621-528: Was married to Princess Aysha Rani Kilege aunt of Dom Manoel and daughter of Kalu Mohamed. A Maldivian Catholic named Andiri Andirin acted as his regent, while Manoel lived in Goa . Under the treaty Dom Manoel was restored but remained in Goa. The co-regents were Kateeb Mohamed Thakurufan of Utheem and his brother Hassan Thakurufan. The Kateeb conferred on himself the title of Sultan in 1583 upon Dom Manoel's death. This

5698-401: Was not hindered due to influences from the Maldives monarchy. Economic and Political Weekly stated that the secession was a remarkable coincidence that came with the negotiations of Gan Airport even though the Sultan of Maldives at the time accused the British of inspiring it. The southern atolls consist of Huvadhu Atoll , Fuvahmulah and Addu Atoll . The three atolls are separated from

5775-423: Was seen by many as the effective demise of the Thaana script. Clarence Maloney, an American anthropologist who was in the Maldives at the time of the change, lamented the inconsistencies of the "Dhivehi Latin" which ignored all previous linguistic research on the Maldivian language done by H.C.P. Bell and Wilhelm Geiger. He wondered why the modern Standard Indic transliteration had not been considered. Standard Indic

5852-403: Was the son of Elha Didi who was a member of the leading families of Hithadhoo. Ahmed Didi was beaten until he bled from his nose and mouth. News had traveled to the community that he had been beaten to death. On this event there was an uprising against the official who beat Ahmed Didi who fled taking refuge at the British barracks. An investigation undertaken by the central authorities prevailed

5929-512: Was widespread relief in certain places, especially rural areas, where the introduction of Latin had been regarded with suspicion. However, the Latin transcription of 1976 continues to be widely used. The 412-page hard-back English–Maldivian dictionary, A Maldivian Dictionary , written by Christopher Hanby Baillie Reynolds , was published on 22 July 2003 by Routledge and contains about 5000 individual entries. Different islands due to distance have

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