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34-495: All BRAT's had four-wheel drive and the Subaru EA engine . Early models received the 1.6 litre EA-71, whereas 1981 and later models received a 1.8 litre EA-81 engine. The 1983 and 1984 models could be purchased with an optional 94 hp (70 kW) turbocharged engine. Manual transmissions were standard on all models, and an automatic transmission was available on turbocharged BRAT's. The 1980 and earlier models had

68-568: A flat-4 design, and have always been water cooled. Prior to 1966, Subaru was known for producing kei cars in Japan; for their first four-passenger model, the firm developed an air-cooled boxer engine for a prototype of the Subaru 1500 in 1960, but Fuji Heavy Industries was unable to continue development due to a shortage of funding. A new prototype front-wheel-drive car was built with a 923 cc (56 in ) water-cooled boxer engine, which became

102-590: A 1978 BRAT until 1998, which he kept at his ranch near Santa Barbara, California . The vehicle has since been restored and returned to the ranch, which is now owned by the Young America's Foundation . There have been several private enterprises that have used the BRAT / Brumby / MV Pickup in Motorsport events: There were no third generation BRAT/Brumby/MV pickups as the range was discontinued after 1987 in

136-545: A single intake manifold, and the late version for the 1983 Safari Rally, featured two downdraft Weber Carburetors, each one mounted directly over each head. The Heads and Valvetrain on the EA81S engines are different from the regular counterparts, featuring different positions for the intake and exhaust valves on the Heads, feature known usually as Reverse Valves. The EA-81T is not an official engine designation from Subaru. The "T"

170-729: A single-range transfer case, while 1981 and later GL models had a dual-range transfer case (DL's still had single range), and all turbocharged models were equipped with a 3 speed automatic transmission with a single-range, push-button, four-wheel drive. Developed in Japan in 1977 at the request of the President of Subaru of America, the BRAT was introduced to match the demand for small trucks in North America, in order to compete against other manufacturers, such as Toyota , Nissan , and Mazda . Unlike trucks from other manufacturers, all BRATs had four-wheel drive, as they were developed from

204-412: A tow rating of 1,100 kg (2,400 lb), a rear seat center position rigid hinged storage compartment with integral twin cupholders, rear-seat power supply, rear-seat center storage net, map-pockets at rear of each front seat; an under-bed mounted spare tire, operable via a cable winch accessible from an access panel in the bed, and a fold-down license plate holder allowing the plate to be visible with

238-734: Is found on the 1988-1991 Subaru Alcyone VX (XT-6 in the United States). Created as a refined luxury engine with improved power over the EA82T, Subaru introduced the ER series engine in 1988 exclusively to be featured in the Subaru Alcyone VX. Like the EA series engines, the ER series engine featured 2-valve cylinder heads with hydraulic lash adjusters and the block shared the same bore and stroke. While recognised as bearing many similarities to

272-495: Is used informally to refer to the factory turbocharged version of EA-81 engines that are equipped with a turbocharger and multi port fuel injection . Boost pressure was 7 psi . The Subaru EA-82 engine was originally intended to be a 2.0L engine as its prototypes were, but Subaru destroked it to 1.8L for production. The EA82 was produced from 1984 to 1994. It came either with carburetor , single point fuel injection , or multi port fuel injection and hydraulic lifters. Most of

306-577: The Baja 1000 off-road race. Working with technical support from Subaru Japan, a team led by Peter Tenn, Subaru senior designer, penned the Baja in the United States. According to an August, 2002 interview with Tenn, "the Baja's jarring look is homage to rally-race trucks. It's supposed to look funky, look different. It doesn't fit any category, and we knew that going in. It's not like anything else on

340-802: The EA-63 block, known as the "Narrow Case EA71" then Subaru completely redesigned it to make the newer version known as "Fat Case EA71" which also led to a stroked version known as the EA81. The availability in USA for the EA71 ended in 1990 on the hatchback models. It came with a carburetor and the last editions for JDM featured throttle-body injection, found on the "Maia" editions of the third generation Subaru Leone. The engine came either with solid lifters or hydraulic lifters. This engine used twin Hitachi carburetors. There

374-895: The Subaru Leone , the Subaru Brat (Brumby), the Subaru Loyale , the Subaru Omega (coupé), the Subaru Vortex , the Subaru RX , and the Subaru XT (Alcyone). Works Group A/B The Subaru EA-52 engine was produced from 1966 until 1970. The Subaru EA-53 was used in the 1967 Subaru 1000 Sports Sedan, sold in Japan. It used twin carburetors. This engine was used in the September 1968 Japan Alpine Rally which

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408-668: The 1985 model year. The BRAT was re-introduced with a rise in popularity of small trucks being sold in the United States, primarily from Toyota , Nissan , and Mazda . Production continued into 1994 but ceased to be imported to North America in 1987. It was also known as the Brumby in Australia and New Zealand and the MV Pickup / Shifter in the UK. Imports to Europe, Australia (from 1978), and New Zealand continued until February 1994. The BRAT

442-480: The Baja's introduction called it a "controversial fashion statement with limited utility". The Baja received the 2003 and 2004 J.D. Powers's APEAL (for Automotive Performance, Execution and Layout Study) Award—measuring owner satisfaction with the design, content, layout and performance of their new vehicles for "Most Appealing Compact Pickup" and the Consumer Reports 2006 highest score for reliability in

476-544: The MPFI EA-82 with modified cylinder heads, lower compression pistons, and boost pressure of 7 psi A revised intake known as the "Spider" manifold was available and is seen as an early version of the EJ style intake manifold. The ER series is a flat-6 engine with a displacement of 2.7L manufactured by Subaru , a division of Fuji Heavy Industries . The ER series has aluminium engine blocks and aluminium cylinder heads. It

510-641: The Subaru EA82 engine, there are numerous differences in design between the two engines and a large portion of parts are unique to the ER27. The oil and water pumps are unique to the ER27, sharing similar bolt patterns and design to the EA82, but being of a higher flow in both cases. The intake manifold uses a two piece design with a lower section bolting to the heads containing the coolant bridge, injectors and various vacuum lines. The upper intake manifold then bolts to

544-489: The United States. In Australia, the range was continued until 1994. Subaru did, however, reveal a concept pickup in 1993 called the Suiren and later on in 2002, the automaker released a similar pickup vehicle called the Baja . Subaru EA engine The Subaru EA engine is a series of automobile internal combustion engines manufactured by Subaru , a division of Fuji Heavy Industries . All EA series engines are of

578-519: The basis for the Subaru 1000 and the EA-52 boxer engine. The car began sales to the public starting in 1966. The EA series engines have aluminum heads with aluminum blocks. Each cylinder has two valves, one for exhaust and one for intake. They came in either an OHV pushrod or SOHC configuration. Subaru produced the EA series from 1966 to 1994, and were found in the Subaru FF-1 Star ,

612-451: The car too slow. As commercial vehicles didn't have to meet the new stricter regulations, it continued to be available in the Van 1200 Standard until the end of production of the first generation Leone in 1979. The Subaru EA-65 engine was produced from 1975 to 1985 The Subaru EA-71 engine was produced in two different designs; from 1976 to 1994, originally the first design was a redesign of

646-476: The car won in the 1000cc engine class. The Subaru EA-61 engine was produced from 1969 to 1972. The Japanese-spec Subaru FF-1 Sport Sedan and the FF-1 Super Touring sedan used twin carburetors, with the engine designation EA-61S. It was sold in the United States only for the 1971 model year. It was also briefly available in the first Leone, only in 1100 Van specification. The Subaru EA-62 engine

680-428: The cargo bed allowed Subaru to classify the BRAT as a passenger car, rather than as a light truck. This significantly reduced the costs of importing BRATS to North America, as passenger cars were charged a 2.5% import tariff, while light trucks were charged a ten times higher 25% import tariff. They were discontinued after the 1986 model year. The BRAT was restyled in 1981 and the jump seats were discontinued after

714-614: The end of the open tailgate. A light in the instrument cluster signaled an "open" status for the Switchback. The design featured two stainless steel exposed buttresses behind the passenger compartment, marketed as Sports Bars , providing structural reinforcement for the open bed. Feature included tinted rear door windows and rear window; an integrated bed liner; a dual-illumination bed light; four bed tie-down hooks; molded-in recesses to receive standard 2x4's to enable customized (e.g., bi-level) storage; standard roof rails with cross bars;

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748-524: The existing Leone station wagon . When the Leone was redesigned in 1979 for the 1980 model year, the BRAT continued with the original Gen I body until 1982. North American and Canadian BRAT models featured carpeting in addition to welded-in rear-facing plastic jump seats in the cargo area. The seats were a ploy to circumvent a punitive tariff on light trucks known as the Chicken tax . The plastic seats in

782-520: The lower section and is unlike the EA82 or EJ22 "spider" manifold designs in that there is no central plenum chamber. The valve timing system is belt-drive using two individual timing belts, curiously one belt uses a spring tensioner (like the EA82) whilst the other uses a hydraulic tensioner (like the EJ22 ). Both JDM and USDM versions of the ER27 used multi-point electronic fuel injection. The ER27 designation

816-606: The open-bed versatility and load capacity of a very small pickup truck . The unibody design borrowed heavily from the existing mechanicals, platform and sheet metal of the Subaru Legacy/Outback wagon. Production began on July 18, 2002 as a 2003 model at the Subaru of Indiana Automotive, Inc. factory in Lafayette, Indiana . The name Baja derives from the Mexican peninsula of Baja California; home to

850-542: The pickup truck category. With Subaru projecting to sell 24,000 per year, 30,000 were marketed over four and a half years. Subaru discontinued Baja production in April 2006. Subaru stock-piled an inventory of 2006 models before discontinuing production, allowing dealers to continue to sell 2006 models as late as February 2008. The Baja was removed from the Subaru USA website on July 31, 2007, following its removal from

884-520: The production groundwork for an Outback-based, four-door, car-truck hybrid. In a package 150 mm (6 in) longer than an Outback, the Baja featured a four-door passenger compartment along with a 1,040 mm (41 in) open bed and drop-down tailgate. A system marketed as the Switchback allowed the rear passenger seat to fold down and a small hatch from the open bed to fold inward, allowing an extended length of 1,900 mm (75 in) to

918-426: The road. And that's important to a lot of people." The Baja followed closely Subaru's ST-X (Sport Truck X-perimental) concept vehicle presented at the 2000 Los Angeles International Auto Show and also designed by a special Subaru America design team. The ST-X offered a greater complement of features than the production Baja (power rear window, under floor storage compartment, tailgate cup holders), but nevertheless set

952-408: The tailgate down. Subaru marketed the Baja in the United States, Canada and Chile. In the United States and Canada, Subaru marketed the Baja as a "multiple-choice vehicle." Limited advertising, late arrival of the turbo-charged model, heavily styled lower-body plastic cladding and a yellow-and-silver introductory color scheme discouraged broad appeal. James Healey, writing for USAtoday at the time of

986-676: The technical advancements introduced to the EA82 were utilized in the next generation Subaru EJ engine , specifically, the SOHC valvetrain, and multi-point fuel injection. The EA-82T engine was introduced in 1984 for the Third generation of Subaru Leone in the GL-10 and RX Turbo trim models plus the XT (Vortex), and later on the Subaru Leone RX Coupe models. It is a turbocharged version of

1020-729: Was an export-only model, never being officially sold in Japan. Due to this, the BRAT became a popular grey import vehicle in Japan . There were several locations that manufactured the vehicle: Subaru never considered marketing the BRAT in their home market , due to a truncating demand of pickup trucks that had been occurring since the late 1970s. The declining demand came as a result of Japanese customers shifting to station wagons at that time. In 1987, exports to North America ceased, but exports to Europe, Australia, Latin America, and New Zealand continued until 1994. President Ronald Reagan owned

1054-604: Was an unreleased EA-72 concept engine Subaru developed for use in the Japanese Market in 1989. It was essentially an EA-82 with an EA-71 crankshaft . This engine never came about as the Subaru EJ15 and EJ16 were already in development for this purpose. The Subaru EA-81 engine was produced from 1980 to 1994 and is a stroked version of the "Fat Case" EA-71 it came either with Solid Lifters or Hydraulic Lifters. This engine used twin Hitachi carburetors on

Subaru BRAT - Misplaced Pages Continue

1088-438: Was not sold in Japan and was manufactured for export markets. The early 1980s saw the introduction of a second Gen Targa-Top version. It also had other features, such as: a spring-loaded hidden door, for a side step into the cargo bed; and a spare tire mounted under the hood. In Australia there were specialty features: Ag-quip / packages with graphics, Roo bar, sump guard & rear step bar. Wagon wheels were also optional. It

1122-501: Was produced from 1971 to 1972. It is the only EA- engine with rear-facing exhaust ports. This engine used twin carburetors from Zenith-Stromberg. The Subaru EA-63 engine was produced from 1973 to 1979, although it stopped being used in US-market cars in 1976. The Subaru EA-64 engine was produced from 1973 to 1979. The engine disappeared from the sedan catalogs in September 1975, as the new emissions regulations would simply make

1156-430: Was the first time Subaru incorporated the engine's displacement into the series name and all future engines have retained this nomenclature. Subaru Baja The Subaru Baja is an all-wheel-drive , four passenger coupé utility manufactured from 2002 to 2006 by Subaru and marketed for model years 2003 to 2006. The Baja combines the handling and passenger carrying characteristics of a traditional passenger car with

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