71-418: The Parents Music Resource Center ( PMRC ) was an American committee formed in 1985 with the stated goal of increasing parental control over the access of children to music deemed to have violent, drug-related, or sexual themes via labeling albums with Parental Advisory stickers. The committee was founded by four women known as the "Washington Wives"—a reference to their husbands' connections with government in
142-456: A PTA, School Development Management Committees (SDMCs) should co-exist with PTAs and leverage their functions, PTAs should conduct meetings at least once a month and present SDMCs with a register of complaints, suggestions, and actions taken. From 2013 to 2014, 37.54 percent of schools in India had a PTA. A 2010 study suggested that 50% of parents in rural areas and 45% in urban areas were aware of
213-441: A band member's surgery and was about the fear he imagined one would experience undergoing surgery, announcing that "the only sadomasochism, bondage, and rape in this song is in the mind of Ms. Gore." He further stated "Ms. Gore was looking for sadomasochism and bondage, and she found it. Someone looking for surgical references would have found it as well." Snider concluded that "The full responsibility for defending my children falls on
284-834: A burst of synergy that drew 2,000 people from across the country to discuss the issues affecting their children at a three-day event. The National Congress of Mothers quickly fanned out into a grassroots organization at national, state, and local levels. The National Congress of Mothers , now known as the National Parent Teacher Association, became a grassroots organization that influenced the local, state, and national levels. Pamphlets written on how to organize "parents' auxiliaries" in public schools and offer suggestions on formation and meeting were distributed. Collections of loaned materials on child-development and parenting skills were made available to parents. The PTA has helped institute countless changes, from
355-462: A carnival or health fair. They can help teachers and staff by making copies for the class. Teachers and staff may become involved by helping to plan events that encourage the education of the students. These may include workshops, tutoring or special family nights (math, science, reading). The students reap the benefits by the involvement and support of all the adults involved in the PTO. The PTO supports
426-416: A copy of the album sooner or later from a friend or another lethargic record store clerk" like the cashier that sold him a labeled pressing of La Sexorcisto: Devil Music, Vol. 1 (1992) by White Zombie in his childhood. He noted that its intended reaction in parents was varied; his lax mother was indifferent towards the warning, while the stricter mother of his companion did not allow her child to listen to
497-468: A digital online format geared towards parents. It is now a monthly online publication, with one print edition distribution in the spring. A parent teacher organization ( PTO ) is a formal organization that consists of parents, teachers, and school staff. The organization's goals may vary from organization to organization but the core goals include parent volunteerism, teacher and student encouragement, community involvement, and student and family welfare. It
568-522: A few committees before anybody smells a rat. One of them is chaired by Senator Thurmond . Is it a coincidence that Mrs. Thurmond is affiliated with the PMRC?" Zappa had earlier stated about the Senate's agreement to hold a hearing on the matter that "A couple of blowjobs here and there and Bingo!—you get a hearing." Folk rock musician John Denver referred to the proposed labels as censorship and stated he
639-531: A general meeting at least once a year. 78.21% of the schools in Delhi have a PTA. Decentralization of school management was promoted through the installation of PTAs under Sarva Siksha Abhiyan . A 2016 government report stated that 25% of parents were aware of the existence of PTAs, 43% of schools had PTAs, and 39% of PTAs met regularly. Tamil Nadu government policy dictates that PTAs should work towards pupil enrolments and attendance as well as assist in enhancing
710-588: A given product. The first album to bear the "black and white" Parental Advisory label was the 1990 release of Banned in the U.S.A. by the rap group 2 Live Crew . By May 1992, approximately 225 records had been marked with the warning. In response to later hearings in the following years, it was reworded as "Parental Advisory: Explicit Content" in 1996. The system went unchanged until 2002, when record labels affiliated with Bertelsmann began including specific areas of concern including "strong language", "violent content", or "sexual content" on compact discs alongside
781-668: A given record. Walmart and their affiliated properties are well known for only carrying censored versions of records; in one instance, the retailer refused to distribute Green Day 's 2009 album 21st Century Breakdown because they were not given the "clean" copies that they requested. Online music stores , including the iTunes Store , generally have the Parental Advisory logo embedded into digital files. Digital retailers and streaming services such as iTunes , Spotify , and Amazon Music flag tracks as 'Explicit' if they have been identified as such. Since its introduction,
SECTION 10
#1732776620930852-787: A larger group. PTA is membership based and uses money from dues to offer staff support and grants and to develop national programs, such as their Reflections arts in education program and their Standards for Family-School Partnerships implementation guide. A PTO is unaffiliated, local and does not pay dues to a national umbrella organization. PTOs encourage parent, teacher, and community involvement by providing programs that facilitate various activities, including bicycle safety, drug awareness, energy conservation, reading programs, science programs, math programs, and pedestrian safety. PTO parents get involved by supporting their students, teachers and staff. Parents can volunteer to be room parents to assist with class parties or field trips. They can help set up at
923-565: A local PTA automatically becomes a member of both the state's PTA and National PTA. PTA membership – including the number of affiliated units and of individual members – has been declining for several decades. Today, there are 54 PTA congresses: U.S. states, the District of Columbia , the U.S. Virgin Islands , Puerto Rico and Europe (military families, through the U.S. Department of Defense ). There are 23,000 local organizations recognized by
994-545: A meaningful policy change that will produce positive results for children and their families Examples include: The first issue of National Parent Teacher Association's Our Children magazine – then named The National Congress of Mothers Magazine – was printed in November 1906. The purpose of the magazine was to voice the National PTA's ambitions and to spread the word of its work and mission. The magazine's title
1065-448: A non-biased forum for sharing information on issues that impact our children. It is our belief that the team effort of a parent teacher organization offers the best possible learning environment for our children. A PTO generally consists of a board. These members may include a president, vice president, secretary and treasurer. They may also include various specialty positions, such as hospitality, or programs. The board typically governs
1136-634: A note to listeners to send to Zappa's Barking Pumpkin Records for a free Z-PAC , a printed information package that included transcripts of the committee hearing, and a letter from Zappa encouraging young people to register to vote. Zappa's full testimonial was released on a posthumous 2010 compilation called Congress Shall Make No Law... On November 1, 1985, before the hearing ended, the RIAA agreed to put " Parental Advisory " labels on selected releases at their own discretion. The labels were generic, unlike
1207-403: A right to speak Say what we want, Tip—your argument is weak Our records have stickers with a warning from Tipper 'Cause they're no good for kids; if we'd get her, we'd strip her Tipper, won't you understand the message that I want to say It's kind of rude but here it goes: it's "fuck you!" I don't like what you do, and I don't like you. WARNING: The inside fold out to this record cover
1278-529: A so-called generic label on some selected records". Like John Denver, Snider felt that his music had been misinterpreted. He defended the Twisted Sister songs " Under the Blade ", which had been interpreted by the PMRC as referring to sadomasochism , bondage , and rape, and " We're Not Gonna Take It ", which the PMRC accused of promoting violence. Snider told the panel that "Under the Blade" was inspired by
1349-478: A sticker to the front of the case, which can be removed by putting the artwork in a different case. Audio recordings that include Parental Advisory labels in their original formats are generally released in censored versions that reduce or completely eliminate the questionable material. They are recognized as "clean" editions by the RIAA, and are left unlabeled in their revised formats. Target has sold both versions of
1420-553: A warning label reading "Parental Guidance: Explicit Lyrics", and after continued conflict between the organizations, the matter was discussed on September 19 during a hearing with the United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation . Notable musicians Frank Zappa , Dee Snider , and John Denver each testified at this hearing with strong opposition to PMRC's warning label system, and censorship in general. Approximately two months after
1491-554: Is a matter for the school governing bodies — but in practice, parents who are active in the PTA will tend to engage in the election of parent representatives ( parent governors ). When the modern school system was introduced to Japan during the Meiji period (1868-1912), the cost of establishing and maintaining each school was considered to be mainly borne by town and village expenses, but school budgets were not necessarily abundant. To reduce
SECTION 20
#17327766209301562-757: Is a nonprofit parent/teacher organization whose membership includes all parents, legal guardians and staff at New Franklin Elementary School. The PTO's mission is to promote open communication and understanding between parents and staff of the New Franklin Elementary School. Our efforts serve to enhance and maximize the education of every child while aiding them in achieving their highest potential. The PTO sponsors assistance to teachers in classroom setting, holds fund-raisers for supplemental educational materials and experiences, supports school and family social interaction, and provides
1633-735: Is a warning label placed on audio recordings that contain explicit content, such as profanity , violence , or sexual content/references . It was introduced by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) in 1987 and adopted by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) in 2011. The label was first affixed on physical 33 1 ⁄ 3 rpm records, compact discs and cassette tapes , and it has been included on digital listings offered by online music stores . In PAL-region territories, some video games featuring licensed music were affixed with
1704-408: Is a work of art by H.R. Giger that some people may find shocking, repulsive or offensive. Life can sometimes be that way. To burn the {flag} and replace it with a Parental Advisory sticker/ To spit liquor in the faces of this democracy of hypocrisy/ Fuck you, Ms. Cheney; Fuck you, Tipper Gore. Parental Advisory Parental Advisory (short for Parental Advisory: Explicit Content/Lyrics )
1775-467: Is an ill-conceived piece of nonsense which fails to deliver any real benefits to children, infringes the civil liberties of people who are not children, and promises to keep the courts busy for years dealing with the interpretational and enforcemental problems inherent in the proposal's design." He went on to state his suspicion that the hearings were a front for H.R. 2911, a proposed blank tape tax : "The major record labels need to have H.R. 2911 whiz through
1846-435: Is hidden becomes that which is most interesting. Consequently, a great deal of time and energy is spent trying to get at what is being kept from you." When Denver came up to give his speech, many expected him to side with the PMRC. Dee Snider , frontman and lead singer of the heavy metal band Twisted Sister , testified that he "[did] not support ... [RIAA president] Gortikov's unnecessary and unfortunate decision to agree to
1917-553: Is not affiliated with the national Parent-Teacher Association (PTA) or Parent-Teacher-Student Association (PTSA). The PTA is a national association of millions of members and thousands of local units that provides leadership training and staff support. Individual organizations typically establish goals and/or a mission statement. Here is a sample PTO Mission Statement from the New Franklin School PTO: The New Franklin School PTO
1988-435: Is our contention that the pervasive messages aimed at children which promote and glorify suicide, rape, sadomasochism, and so on, have to be numbered among the contributing factors." Tipper Gore asked record companies to voluntarily "plac[e] a warning label on music products inappropriate for younger children due to explicit sexual or violent lyrics." National PTA Vice President for Legislative Activity Millie Waterman related
2059-475: The Furnaceface song "We Love You, Tipper Gore", from their 1991 album Just Buy It , suggest that the label "only whets my appetite ... only makes us want to hear it that much more". Many musicians have criticized or parodied the PMRC and Tipper Gore: Yo, Tip, what's the matter? You ain't gettin' no dick? You're bitchin' about rock 'n' roll—that's censorship, dumb bitch The Constitution says we all got
2130-627: The Japan PTA National Assembly was formed. In the U.S., PTAs are part of the National Parent Teacher Association (National PTA), a non-profit organization based in Alexandria, Virginia . Most public and private elementary and middle schools have either a PTA (public schools only), a parent–teacher organization (PTO), or an equivalent local organization. These organizations also exist, although less frequently, at high schools and preschools . Every person who joins
2201-503: The New Age section." It is fairly common for an album which received the Parental Advisory seal to be sold alongside an "edited" version which removes objectionable content, usually to the same level as a radio edit . The RIAA Guidelines however state "an Edited Version need not remove all potentially objectionable content from the sound recording." These albums are packaged nearly-identically to their explicit counterparts, usually with
Parents Music Resource Center - Misplaced Pages Continue
2272-649: The RIAA and the music industry to develop music labeling in the form of a rating system similar to the film rating system developed by the Motion Picture Association of America . Additional suggestions from the PMRC that appeared in an article in The Washington Post included: printing warnings and lyrics on album covers, requiring record stores to put albums with explicit covers under the counters, pressuring television stations not to broadcast explicit songs or videos, "reassess[ing]"
2343-494: The Senate Commerce, Science and Transportation Committee on "the subject of the content of certain sound recordings and suggestions that recording packages be labeled to provide a warning to prospective purchasers of sexually explicit or other potentially offensive content." Paula Hawkins presented three record covers ( Pyromania by Def Leppard , W.O.W. by Wendy O. Williams , and W.A.S.P. by W.A.S.P. ) and
2414-823: The National PTA in the United States. The National Parent Teacher Association was founded on 17 February 1897, in Washington, D.C., as the National Congress of Mothers by Alice McLellan Birney and Phoebe Apperson Hearst at a meeting of over 2,000 parents, teachers, workers, and legislators. In 1908, the organization changed its name to the National Congress of Mothers and Parent-Teacher Associations. . Alice Birney 's original vision coupled with Phoebe Hearst 's (wife of California U.S. Senator George Hearst and mother of publisher William Randolph Hearst ) social and financial assistance came together in
2485-487: The PTA's role in the debate, and proposed printing the symbol "R" on the cover of recordings containing "explicit sexual language, violence, profanity, the occult and glorification of drugs and alcohol", and providing lyrics for "R"-labeled albums. In addition, Dr. Joe Stuessy, a music professor at the University of Texas at San Antonio , spoke regarding the power of music to influence behavior. He argued that heavy metal
2556-513: The PTO by creating and voting on meeting dates, general meeting programs, etc. A PTO is not the same as a parent–teacher association (PTA). They are similar in that both promote parent participation, but the PTA takes a more active role in developing programs, advocacy, and training. PTA operates at the school building, district, state and national levels and works on policy to better support children. Local PTA units set their own goals and missions, but they also join together to advocate and partner as
2627-408: The Parental Advisory label. The BPI additionally requests that "racist, homophobic, misogynistic or other discriminatory language or behavior" be taken under consideration when determining the appropriateness of a record. Physical copies of albums which have the label generally have it as a permanent part of the artwork, being printed with the rest of the cover. In some cases, the label is affixed as
2698-440: The Parental Advisory seal. Parent%E2%80%93teacher association A parent–teacher association/organization ( PTA/PTO ), parent–teacher–friend association ( PTFA ), is a formal organization comprising parents, teachers and staff that is intended to facilitate parental participation in a school. A parent–teacher–student association ( PTSA ) additionally invites students to participate and give input. In Australia,
2769-488: The RIAA maintains that "it's not a PAL Notice that kids look for, it's the music". They stated that research they had gathered revealed that "kids put limited weight on lyrics in deciding which music they like, caring more about rhythm and melody" and implied that the label is not a deciding factor for a given purchase. Tom Cole from NPR commented that the Parental Advisory label has become "a fact of music-buying life", which made it difficult for current consumers to understand
2840-468: The United Kingdom lack agreed-upon standards for using the warning label, although they provide guidelines for its recommended inclusion. Although a voluntary practice that is ultimately left to the discretion of record labels, the RIAA suggests that material with "strong language or depictions of violence, sex, or substance abuse to such an extent as to merit parental notification" be affixed with
2911-401: The Washington, D.C. area. The women who founded the PMRC are Tipper Gore , wife of Senator and later Vice President Al Gore ; Susan Baker, wife of Treasury Secretary James Baker ; Pam Howar, wife of Washington realtor Raymond Howar; and Sally Nevius, wife of former Washington City Council Chairman John Nevius . The PMRC eventually grew to include 22 participants before shutting down in
Parents Music Resource Center - Misplaced Pages Continue
2982-477: The album Purple Rain for her 11-year-old daughter Karenna , unaware that the song's lyrics included an explicit mention of masturbation . The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) responded by introducing an early version of their content warning label, although the PMRC was displeased and proposed that a music rating system structured like the Motion Picture Association of America film rating system be enacted. The RIAA alternatively suggested using
3053-409: The contracts of musicians who performed violently or sexually in concert, and creating a panel to set industry standards. One of the actions taken by the PMRC was compiling a list of fifteen songs in popular music, at the time, that they found the most objectionable. This list is known as the "Filthy Fifteen" and consists of the following songs along with the lyrical content category for which each song
3124-408: The effectiveness of the Parental Advisory label has frequently been called into question. Jon Wiederhorn from MTV News suggested that artists benefited from the label and noted that younger customers interested in explicit content could more easily find it with a label attached. On behalf of Westword , Andy Thomas said that the label was purposeless on the grounds that a young customer "would get
3195-461: The existence of school PTAs. In 1996, the Maharashtra government declared PTAs mandatory for all schools within the state. By 2014, 50% of the schools had a PTA. State guidelines for PTAs include: The government of Delhi made PTAs mandatory in government-aided and private unaided schools. All parents are members of the PTA. Elections should be held every other year, and the PTA should hold
3266-563: The explicit counterpart. The label has been widely criticized as ineffective in limiting the inappropriate material to which young audiences are exposed. Shortly after their formation in April 1985, the Parents Music Resource Center (PMRC) assembled a list of fifteen songs with deemed unsuitable content . Particular criticism was placed on " Darling Nikki " by Prince , after PMRC co-founder Mary "Tipper" Gore bought
3337-517: The financial and labor burden on school management, many voluntary groups such as Parents Association and Mothers' Association were formed by parents of students attending school and residents of school districts. Since the Showa 10's (1935), due to the intensification of World War II and the subsequent confusion, group activities had stagnated temporarily. After the end of the war , the activities started again. Activities and movements anticipating
3408-475: The fullest co-operation between home and school, education authorities, central government and all other interested parties and bodies." Unlike the USA, the fact that a body is called a PTA does not, in itself, imply membership with any national organization. There is a separate, similar body for Scotland entitled "The Scottish Parent Teacher Council". PTAs are generally not involved in the management of schools – that
3479-560: The function of PTAs is filled by parents and citizens associations, which are governed by both state and national organizational bodies. A 1992 'Program on Action' for the 1986 National Policy on Education encouraged giving pre-eminence to people's involvement, including the association of non-governmental and voluntary efforts. Government education schemes such as Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA) and Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) have advocated for community mobilization and involvement. RMSA dictates that every school should have
3550-399: The generic Parental Advisory label. The Parental Advisory label was first used on music streaming services and online music stores in 2011. That year, the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) revised its own music censorship policies to incorporate more prominent usage of the warning label. The "Parental Advisory Label Program" in the United States and the "Parental Advisory Scheme" in
3621-416: The hearing, the organizations agreed on a settlement in which audio recordings were to either be affixed with a warning label reading "Explicit Lyrics: Parental Advisory" or have its lyrics attached on the backside of its packaging. In 1990, the now standard black-and-white warning label design reading "Parental Advisory: Explicit Lyrics" was introduced and was to be placed on the bottom right-hand section of
SECTION 50
#17327766209303692-552: The institution of school lunch and inoculation programs to the institution of child labor laws to the promotion of transportation safety, sex education, and tobacco and alcohol education. National PTA's Annual Public Policy National PTA's annual public policy agenda outlines policy priorities and recommendations for Congress. The priorities are selected based on the timeliness of issue, opportunities for National PTA to provide leadership and expertise to Congress, alignment to National PTA's mission and resolution and ability to achieve
3763-429: The label in the late 1990s and early 2000s. Recordings with the Parental Advisory label are often released alongside an uncut censored version that reduces or eliminates the objectionable material. Several retailers will distribute both versions of the product, occasionally with an increased price for the uncut censored version, while some sellers offer the amended pressing as their main option and choose not to distribute
3834-579: The majority of schools. They are sometimes referred to as home school associations. A 2007 NFER study found that 83% of primary schools in England and Wales and 60% of secondary schools had a "PTA or equivalent". In England, Wales and Northern Ireland, PTAs may choose to join Parentkind, which describes itself as "the national charity representing over 13,750 PTAs across England, Wales and Northern Ireland" that seeks "to advance education by encouraging
3905-512: The mid-to-late 1990s. The Parents Music Resource Center was founded in May 1985. The group's formation was cemented with the financial help of Mike Love of the Beach Boys , and Joseph Coors , the owner of Coors beers. Both had actively supported Reagan's candidacy , and Coors offered offices to the PMRC. As a method of combating this alleged problem, the PMRC suggested a voluntary move by
3976-428: The most part [the sticker] might even sell more records in some areas – all you've got to do is tell somebody this is a no-no and then that's what they want to go see." Ice-T 's track "Freedom of Speech" contains the lyrics: "Hey, PMRC, you stupid fuckin' assholes/The sticker on the record is what makes 'em sell gold./Can't you see, you alcoholic idiots/The more you try to suppress us, the larger we get." While lyrics from
4047-498: The music videos for " Hot for Teacher " by Van Halen , and " We're Not Gonna Take It " by Twisted Sister , commenting: "Much has changed since Elvis' seemingly innocent times. Subtleties, suggestions, and innuendo have given way to overt expressions and descriptions of often violent sexual acts, drug taking, and flirtations with the occult. The record album covers to me are self-explanatory." Susan Baker testified that "There certainly are many causes for these ills in our society, but it
4118-403: The only indicator being the lack of Parental Advisory seal, although if the artwork is deemed 'explicit' too, it will normally be censored . In the case of some albums, a black box reading "EDITED VERSION" is placed where the Parental Advisory seal would be. This was part of new guidelines introduced on April 1, 2002, which also included a label that featured "Edited Version Also Available" next to
4189-493: The original idea of a descriptive label categorizing the explicit lyrics. Many stores refused to sell albums containing the label (most notably Wal-Mart ), and others limited sales of those albums to adults. It is uncertain whether the "Tipper sticker" is effective in preventing children from being exposed to explicit content. Some, citing the " forbidden-fruit effect ", suggest that the sticker in fact increases record sales. Philip Bailey of Earth, Wind & Fire said that "for
4260-411: The publication with the parent–teacher movement." More changes came in 1961 with another new name— The PTA Magazine —under the editorial leadership of Eva Grant. She led the magazine to its period of widest influence and greatest circulation from 1939 to 1972. During that time, the magazine featured prominent regular contributors such as J. Edgar Hoover and Margaret Mead . In 1975, The PTA Magazine
4331-508: The quality of teaching and learning. A 2010 survey of parents of schoolchildren for the government of India reported that 50% of respondents were aware of PTAs or MTAs (Mother Teacher Associations) and 16% were members. There are plans to organize a PTA in the United Arab Emirates at government schools such as ATHS (Applied Technology High School). In the United Kingdom, parent–teacher associations are common and present in
SECTION 60
#17327766209304402-458: The record. Danny Goldberg from Gold Village Entertainment opined that the Parental Advisory label offered minimal value other than "being a way for certain retailers like Wal-Mart to brand themselves as 'family friendly'"; he felt that children were successful in getting content they desired "even before the Internet", and believed that the label had little impact on sales figures. In contrast,
4473-545: The shoulders of my wife and I, because there is no one else capable of making these judgments for us." Notable snippets of audio from the hearing found their way into Zappa's audiocollage "Porn Wars", released on the Frank Zappa Meets the Mothers of Prevention album. Senators Gore , Hollings , Gorton , Hawkins , and others appeared. The album cover featured a parody of the RIAA warning label. The LP included
4544-801: The spirit of the later PTA were also attempted across various locations. In the spring of Showa 21 (1946), the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers announced the Report of the United States Education Mission to Japan . In the report, ideas that extend to the PTA were presented. In October Showa 27 (1952), the Japan Parents and Teachers National Association Formation Conference was held in Tokyo, and
4615-500: The widespread controversy that came about from its introduction. Greg Beato of Reason observed that by the 1990s, "A hip-hop album that didn't warrant a Tipper sticker was artistically suspect." The label has become well known enough to be parodied. Guns N' Roses 's 1991 albums Use Your Illusion I and Use Your Illusion II included a similarly-styled sticker saying "This album contains language which some listeners may find objectionable. They can F!?* OFF and buy something from
4686-472: Was "strongly opposed to censorship of any kind in our society or anywhere else in the world", and that in his experience censors often misinterpret music, as was the case with his song " Rocky Mountain High ". He further compared the PMRC proposals to Nazi book burnings , and expressed his belief that censorship is ultimately counterproductive: "That which is denied becomes that which is most desired, and that which
4757-612: Was changed in December 1909 to Child Welfare as this was the organization's main concern at the time. By the 1930s, the magazine then featured longer articles by leading experts in fields such as education, health and child welfare. Starting in September 1934, the magazine received another makeover where it was published in an oversized format and renamed as the National Parent-Teacher, "to more definitely associate
4828-549: Was considered objectionable: In August 1985, 19 record companies agreed to put "Parental Guidance: Explicit Lyrics" labels on albums to warn consumers of explicit lyrical content. Before the labels could be put into place, the Senate agreed to hold a hearing on so-called "porn rock". The hearing was held on September 19, 1985, when representatives from the PMRC, three musicians— Dee Snider , Frank Zappa , John Denver —and Senators Paula Hawkins , Al Gore , and others testified before
4899-493: Was different from earlier forms of music such as jazz and rock and roll because it was "church music" and "had as one of its central elements the element of hatred." Dr. Paul King, a child and adolescent psychiatrist, testified on the deification of heavy metal musicians, and to the presentation of heavy metal as a religion. He also stated that "many" adolescents read deeply into song lyrics. During his statement, musician and producer Frank Zappa asserted that "the PMRC proposal
4970-402: Was made more colorful and became Our Children in line with the founders' theme of the first convention that "All Children Are Our Children." In recent years, Our Children was published bi-monthly, five times per year and distributed to local and state PTA presidents, state PTA board members, state office personnel and a limited number of paid subscribers. In fall 2015, Our Children moved to
5041-421: Was replaced by PTA Today, publication that evolved from the former National PTA Bulletin and initially appeared in tabloid form for its first three years. Eventually, PTA Today returned to a typical magazine format that was circulated mostly to local PTA units and kept them abreast of National PTA events and programs and provided parenting information. The final major makeover took place in September 1995 when it
#929070