26-519: (Redirected from PICA ) Not to be confused with Pika . [REDACTED] Look up pica in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Pica or PICA may refer to: Biology [ edit ] Pica (disorder) , an abnormal appetite for earth and other non-foods Posterior inferior cerebellar artery , a major artery supplying blood to the cerebellum Organisms [ edit ] Aechmea 'Pica',
52-604: A "haypile" of cached plants. The impact of human activity on the tundra ecosystems where pikas live has been recorded dating back to the 1970s. Rather than hibernate during winter, pikas forage for grasses and other forms of plant matter and stash these findings in protected dens in a process called "haying". They eat the dried plants during the winter. When pikas mistake humans as predators, they may respond to humans as they do to other species that do prey on pikas. Such interactions with humans have been linked to pikas having reduced amounts of foraging time, consequentially limiting
78-627: A hybrid cultivar in the Bromeliad family of flowering plants Pica (genus) , a genus of magpie Pika , a small mammal (archaic spelling "pica") Organizations [ edit ] OCLC PICA , a library automation company Palestine Jewish Colonization Association , known by its Yiddish acronym as PICA Pennsylvania Intergovernmental Cooperation Authority , a governmental agency in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Perth Institute of Contemporary Arts , Western Australia Pica Press ,
104-697: A publishing imprint Pittsburgh Intergovernmental Cooperation Authority , a governmental agency in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Portland Institute for Contemporary Art , Oregon People [ edit ] Amalia Pica (born 1978), Argentine artist Antonio Pica (1923–2014), Spanish actor Joe Pica (1923–1973), American pianist Pierre Pica (born 1951), French linguist Teresa P. Pica (1945–2011), American educator Tina Pica (1884–1968), Italian actress Yamantaka Eye (born 1964), Japanese artist known as DJ Pica Pica Pica (DJ 光光光) Places [ edit ] Pica, Chile , an oasis town in
130-426: A way to attract potential mates. There are also different calls depending on the season. In the spring the songs become more frequent during the breeding season. In late summer the vocalizations become short calls. Through various studies, the acoustic characteristics of the vocalizations can be a useful taxonomic tool. The average lifespan of pikas in the wild is roughly seven years. A pika's age may be determined by
156-476: A wide variety of plant matter, including forbs , grasses , sedges , shrub twigs, moss and lichens. Easily digestible food is processed in the gastrointestinal tract and expelled as regular feces. But in order to get nutrients out of hard to digest fiber, pika ferment fiber in the cecum (in the GI tract) and then expel the contents as cecotropes , which are reingested ( cecotrophy ). The cecotropes are then absorbed in
182-574: Is Desmatolagus (middle Eocene to Miocene, 42.5–14.8 Ma ), usually included in the Ochotonidae, sometimes in Leporidae or in neither ochotonid nor leporid stem- lagomorphs . Ochotonids appeared in Asia between the late Eocene and the early Oligocene, and continued to develop along with increased distribution of C 3 grasses in previously forest dominated areas under the "climatic optimum" from
208-461: Is a small, mountain-dwelling mammal native to Asia and North America. With short limbs, a very round body, an even coat of fur, and no external tail, they resemble their close relative, the rabbit , but with short, rounded ears. The large-eared pika of the Himalayas and nearby mountains lives at elevations of more than 6,000 m (20,000 ft). The name "pika" appears to be derived from
234-580: Is characterized by archaic ( plesiomorphic ) cheek teeth and small size. The North American species migrated from Eurasia. They invaded the New World twice: Ochotona cf. whartoni and small pikas of the O. pusilla group are also known from Siberia. The extant, endemic North American species appeared in the Pleistocene. The North American collared pika ( O. collaris ) and American pika ( O. princeps ) have been suggested to have descended from
260-497: Is extant within the family, covering 37 species , though many fossil genera are known. Another species, the Sardinian pika , belonging to the separate genus Prolagus , has become extinct within the last 2000 years owing to human activity. Pikas prefer rocky slopes and graze on a range of plants, primarily grasses, flowers, and young stems. In the autumn they pull hay, soft twigs, and other stores of food under rocks to eat during
286-574: Is that the bottom of their paws are covered with fur and lack paw pads. Rock-dwelling pikas have small litters of fewer than five young, whilst the burrowing species tend to give birth to more young and to breed more frequently, possibly owing to a greater availability of resources in their native habitats. The young are born altricial (eyes and ears closed, no fur) after a gestation period of between 25 and 30 days. Pikas are active during daylight ( diurnal ) or twilight hours ( crepuscular ), with higher-elevation species generally being more active during
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#1732779998102312-663: The Tungus pika , and the scientific name Ochotona is derived from the Mongolian word ogotno, оготно , which means pika. It is used for any member of the Ochotonidae ( / ɒ k ə t oʊ n ɪ d eɪ / ), a family within the order of lagomorphs , the order which also includes the Leporidae (rabbits and hares ). They are the smallest animal in the lagomorph group. Only one genus , Ochotona ( / ɒ k ə ˈ t oʊ n ə / or / ɒ tʃ ə ˈ t oʊ n ə / ),
338-906: The Asiatic extant northern pika O. hyperborea in one location in the middle Pleistocene United States. While Ochotona is the only currently living genus of Ochotonidae, extinct genera of ochotonids include † Albertona , † Alloptox , † Amphilagus , † Australagomys , † Austrolagomys , † Bellatona , † Bellatonoides , † Bohlinotona , † Cuyamalagus , † Desmatolagus , † Eurolagus , † Gripholagomys , † Gymnesicolagus , † Hesperolagomys , † Heterolagus , † Kenyalagomys , † Lagopsis , † Marcuinomys , † Ochotonoides , † Ochotonoma , † Oklahomalagus , † Oreolagus , † Paludotona , † Piezodus , † Plicalagus , † Pliolagomys , † Prolagus , † Proochotona ( syn. Ochotona ), † Pseudobellatona , † Ptychoprolagus , † Russellagus , † Sinolagomys and † Titanomys . The earliest one
364-648: The Atacama Desert of Chile Limón de Pica , a lime variety from Pica Pica, Cumbria , a village in northwest England Pica, Jayuya, Puerto Rico , a barrio Technology [ edit ] Acer PICA , a system logic chipset introduced in 1993 Phenolic-impregnated carbon ablator , a spacecraft heat shield material Pre-integrated COF APM, part of the International Space Station's Columbus module systems Other uses [ edit ] Pica , an alternative name for
390-713: The amount of food they can stockpile for winter months. Pikas prefer foraging in temperatures below 25 °C (77 °F), so they generally spend their time in shaded regions and out of direct sunlight when temperatures are high. A link has also been found between temperature increases and lost foraging time, where for every increase of 1 °C (1.8 °F) to the ambient temperature in alpine landscapes home to pikas, those pikas lose 3% of their foraging time. Eurasian pikas commonly live in family groups and share duties of gathering food and keeping watch. Some species are territorial. North American pikas ( O. princeps and O. collaris ) are asocial , leading solitary lives outside
416-421: The breeding season. Pikas have distinct calls , which vary in duration. The call can be short and quick, a little longer and more drawn out or long songs. The short calls are an example of geographic variation. The pikas determine the appropriate time to make short calls by listening for cues for sound localization. The calls are used for individual recognition, predator warning signals, territory defense, or as
442-402: The daytime. They show their peak activity just before the winter season. Pikas do not hibernate and remain active throughout the winter by traveling in tunnels under rocks and snow and eating dried plants that they have stored. Rock-dwelling pikas exhibit two methods of foraging: the first involves direct consumption of food, and the second is characterized by the gathering of plants to store in
468-524: The grape Merille Pica, a lance used by a picador in bullfighting Pica (typography) , a unit of length used in typesetting and document layout píča , a rude expression for a vagina in the Czech Republic and Slovakia See also [ edit ] Pico (disambiguation) Piga (disambiguation) Pika (disambiguation) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with
494-531: The late Oligocene to middle Miocene. They thrived in Eurasia, North America, and even Africa. The peak of their diversity occurred during the period from the early Miocene to middle Miocene. Most of them became extinct during the transition from the Miocene to Pliocene, which was accompanied by an increase in diversity of the leporids . It has been proposed that this switch between ochotonids and larger leporids
520-899: The long, cold winter. The pika is also known as the whistling hare because of its high-pitched alarm call it gives when alarmed. The two species found in North America are the American pika , found primarily in the mountains of the western United States and far southwestern Canada, and the collared pika of northern British Columbia , the Yukon , western Northwest Territories and Alaska . Pikas are native to cold climates in Asia and North America . Most species live on rocky mountainsides, where numerous crevices are available for their shelter, although some pikas also construct crude burrows. A few burrowing species are native to open steppe land. In
546-478: The mountains of Eurasia , pikas often share their burrows with snowfinches , which build their nests there. Changing temperatures have forced some pika populations to restrict their ranges to even higher elevations. Pikas are small mammals, with short limbs and rounded ears. They are about 15 to 23 cm (5.9 to 9.1 in) in body length and weigh between 120 and 350 g (4.2 and 12.3 oz), depending on species. These animals are herbivores and feed on
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#1732779998102572-1076: The number of adhesion lines on the periosteal bone on the lower jaw. The lifespan does not differ between the sexes. The 34 species currently recognized are: Many fossil forms of Ochotona are described in the literature, from the Miocene epoch to the early Holocene ( extinct species) and present (16.4-0 Ma ). They lived in Europe, Asia, and North America.Some species listed below are common for Eurasia and North America ( O. gromovi , O. tologoica , O. zazhigini , and probably O. whartoni ). Paleontologists have also described multiple forms of pika not referred to specific species ( Ochotona indet.) or not certainly identified ( O. cf. antiqua , O. cf. cansus , O. cf. daurica , O. cf. eximia , O. cf. gromovi , O. cf. intermedia , O. cf. koslowi , O. cf. lagrelii , O. cf. nihewanica ). The statuses of Ochotona ( Proochotona ) kirgisica and O. spelaeus are uncertain. The " pusilla " group of pikas
598-497: The same ancestor as the steppe pika ( O. pusilla ). The range of Ochotona was larger in the past, with both extinct and extant species inhabiting Western Europe and Eastern North America, areas that are currently free of pikas. Pleistocene fossils of the extant steppe pika O. pusilla currently native to Asia have been found also in many countries of Europe from the United Kingdom to Russia and from Italy to Poland, and
624-419: The small intestine to utilize the nutrients. Collared pikas have been known to store dead birds in their burrows for food during winter and eat the feces of other animals. As with other lagomorphs, pikas have gnawing incisors and no canines , although they have fewer molars than rabbits. They have a dental formula of: 2.0.3.2 1.0.2.3 = 26. Another similarity that pikas share with other lagomorphs
650-593: The title Pica . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pica&oldid=1232691571 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Disambiguation pages with surname-holder lists Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Pika See text A pika ( / ˈ p aɪ k ə / PEYE -kə or / ˈ p iː k ə / PEE -kə )
676-533: Was caused by expansion of C 4 plants (particularly the Poaceae ) related to global cooling in the late Miocene, since extant pikas reveal a strong preference for C 3 plants ( Asteraceae , Rosaceae , and Fabaceae , many of them C 3 ). Replacement of large areas of forests by open grassland first started probably in North America and is called sometimes "nature's green revolution". Piga (disambiguation) Too Many Requests If you report this error to
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