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Polonia Triangle

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Polonia Triangle ( Polish : Trójkąt Polonijny ), or the Polish Triangle , is a plaza located in West Town , in what had been the historical Polish Downtown area of Chicago . A single-tiered fountain made of black iron with a bowl about nine feet in diameter is installed at its center. Polonia Triangle derives its name from the Polish word Polonia (" Polish diaspora "), which itself comes from the Latin name for Poland. Polonia Triangle was considered to be the center or town square of Chicago's Polish Downtown, the city's oldest and most prominent Polish settlement . In many ways it functioned as the capital of American Polonia , with the headquarters for almost every major Polish organization in the United States clustered in its vicinity.

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29-620: The Triangle is bounded by Division Street on the south, Ashland Avenue on the west, and Milwaukee Avenue on the northeast. Organisations located within its vicinity include the Polish National Alliance to the Polish Daily News . Polonia Triangle is one of 11 neighborhoods included in The Labor Trail which chronicles Chicago's history of working class life and struggle. The site is still home to

58-505: A half miles north of Madison Street). Division Street begins in the Gold Coast neighborhood near Lake Shore Drive , passes through Polonia Triangle at Milwaukee Avenue into Wicker Park and continues to Chicago's city limits and into the city's western suburbs. Once known as "Polish Broadway" during the heyday of Polish Downtown , Division Street was the favorite street of author Nelson Algren . A fountain dedicated in his name

87-478: A number of upscale restaurants, shops, and bars. This is one of the trendiest strips in the city. These are popular in the gentrifying neighborhoods of Wicker Park , East Village , Ukrainian Village and Pulaski Park . This neighborhood figured prominently in the 1977 film, Looking for Mr. Goodbar . Paseo Boricua (loosely translated as " Boricua Promenade") is located further west along Division Street between Western Avenue and California Avenue, in

116-535: A push by a number of area residents led by Zygmunt Dyrkacz, head of the Chopin Theatre , to artistically redevelop the Triangle as "the gateway to Wicker Park ". Although Polonia Triangle has deteriorated from its heady days as the center of Polish Downtown , the entire West Town area has undergone a renaissance as gentrification has transformed the area. The old " Polish Broadway " along Division Street

145-664: A station at Clark Street and Milwaukee Avenue respectively. The entire route is in Cook County . 41°54′11.5″N 87°40′35.4″W  /  41.903194°N 87.676500°W  / 41.903194; -87.676500 State Street (Chicago) State Street is a large south-north street, also one of the main streets, in Chicago , Illinois , USA and its south suburbs. Its intersection with Madison Street ( 41°52′55″N 87°37′40″W  /  41.8820°N 87.6278°W  / 41.8820; -87.6278 ) has marked

174-657: Is becoming an increasingly thriving business district, full of nightclubs, restaurants and cafes. These changes have accelerated calls to improve what had become a long neglected area, most recently publicized in the Chicago Reader 's in depth report titled "Wicker Park's Dirty Doorstep: Round two of the battle over the glorified bus stop known as the Polish Triangle" . Moreover, the Metropolitan Planning Council, in collaboration with

203-515: Is housed on the upper floors of the tower. In October 2015, Michael Jordan opened his first store at 32 South State St. and is branded as 32 South State. The flagship store included retail shopping, Chicago Bulls memorabilia, a training lab for local youth, and a basketball court on the upper levels. In July 2019, Primark announced its U.S. market expansion to Chicago with a three-level 45,000 square foot flagship location on State Street where Gap formerly housed its flagship store. The location

232-553: Is scheduled to open in 2020 and will be its first store in the Midwest. In November 2019, Uniqlo opened its second Chicago location on North State Street replacing the two-level H&M at 22 N. State. State Street is primarily served by 29 State , a CTA bus route that runs from Navy Pier to 95th/Dan Ryan station via State Street. At 69th Street, bus route 29 splits so that southbound buses travel along Lafayette Avenue and northbound buses travel along State Street; starting at

261-536: The Blue Line at Polonia Triangle . On the north side of this street, two doors to the east of Dearborn Street, is the bar called " Mother's " which gained some prominence as a result of the 1986 film, About Last Night... . The film was based on the 1974 play, Sexual Perversity in Chicago , by David Mamet , which was set in the subculture to be found in the intersecting Rush Street and Division Street bars, at

290-502: The Chicago River , and west of the famed Michigan Avenue shopping district and south of Chicago Avenue, focusing on Hubbard Street as the epicenter. The Division Street bars and clubs stay open very late, with most closing 4 o'clock or 5 o'clock in the morning. The street is usually very crowded and busy, and after 3 AM, Chicago police usually block off the street to vehicular traffic due to the heavy pedestrian presence. Further to

319-557: The Chopin Theatre and is used for processions during Corpus Christi by parishioners of two of Chicago's Polish Cathedrals : St. Stanislaus Kostka and Holy Trinity Polish Mission . The Blue Line 's Division/Milwaukee station is also located at the Polonia Triangle. There have been two major controversies relating to Polonia Triangle. The first dealt with renaming the plaza after writer Nelson Algren (1909–1981), whose controversial 1940s novels prominently displayed

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348-719: The Dan Ryan Expressway from 65th Street south to just beyond 95th Street , where State Street crosses the I-94 Bishop Ford Memorial Freeway to enter Roseland. The northern portion of the Vincennes Trace or Vincennes Trail, a buffalo (bison) migration route and a Native American trail which ran some 250 miles to Vincennes, Indiana , was called Hubbard's Trace or Hubbard's Trail since it connected Chicago with Gurdon Saltonstall Hubbard 's more southerly trading outposts. It took on

377-546: The Polish American underclass and was taken by Chicago's Polish community as Anti-Polonism . A compromise was reached in 1998, where the Triangle kept its name and a newly installed fountain was named after Algren and inscribed with a quote from his 1951 essay Chicago: City on the Make around the fountain's base: "For the masses who do the city's labor also keep the city's heart". The second more recent one has been

406-710: The Green Line from 18th Street to Harrison Street and into the Loop Elevated ). State Street is the location of many landmarks in downtown Chicago : Landmarks on State Street in Chicago's South Side , south of Roosevelt Road, include: The bridge where State Street crosses the Chicago River is named the Bataan-Corregidor Memorial Bridge in honor of the World War II defenders of Bataan and Corregidor including those in

435-488: The Placemaking Movement and WPB (Wicker Park/Bucktown), has collectively initiated a project aimed at the redevelopment and renovation of Polonia Triangle. 41°54′13″N 87°40′02″W  /  41.903579°N 87.667176°W  / 41.903579; -87.667176 Division Street (Chicago) Division Street is a major east-west street in Chicago, Illinois , located at 1200 North (one and

464-624: The State Street Revitalization Project and on November 15, 1996, the street was reopened to traffic. During the second half of the 20th century, State Street was eclipsed by Michigan Avenue's Magnificent Mile as a shopping district. Various projects to restore State Street's shopping attraction have been met with some success, and the State Street corridor is gaining residential as well as more traditional commercial development. Anchored by Macy's Chicago ,

493-750: The base point for Chicago's address system since 1909. State begins in the north at North Avenue , the south end of Lincoln Park , runs south through the heart of the Chicago Loop , and ends at the southern city limits, intersecting 127th Street along the bank of the Little Calumet River . It resumes north of 137th Street in Riverdale and runs south intermittently through Chicago's south suburbs until terminating at New Monee Road in Crete, Illinois . From north to south, State Street traverses

522-466: The flagship location is the world's second largest department store by square footage. The 12-story building features many historical landmarks including a Tiffany & Co. Dome. The Block 37 opened in 2009 at State and Washington, bringing with it a large group of upscale retailers to North State Street including Anthropologie , L'Occitane en Provence , Banana Republic , Zara , Disney Store , Godiva , Sephora , and an AMC Theatres location on

551-468: The following community areas of Chicago : Near North Side to the Chicago River , Chicago Loop to Roosevelt Road, Near South Side to 26th Street, Douglas to 39th Street, Grand Boulevard to 51st Street, Washington Park to 63rd Street, Grand Crossing to 79th Street, Chatham to 91st Street, Roseland to 115th Street, and West Pullman to 127th Street, where it terminates across from Riverdale Bend Woods. The street runs parallel and adjacent to

580-802: The fourth floor. On the Pedway level is the Blue Line's Washington station and Red Line's Lake station both connected underground. The department store chain Carson Pirie Scott closed their flagship store on State Street on February 21, 2007 after over 100 years of business in that location. Target opened their 125,000 square feet State Street store in the landmark Carson Pirie Scott building later in 2012. On January 12, 2012, Walgreens opened its U.S. flagship location at Randolph Street , where it had previously existed from 1926 to 2005, when construction of Joffrey Tower necessitated its demolition. The renowned Chicago-based Joffrey Ballet

609-533: The historic Chicago Theatre . The latter was lit by Commercial Light Company in 1958, making it the brightest thoroughfare in the world, according to the Chicago Tribune . State Street became a shopping destination during the 1900s and is referred to in the song " Chicago ," which mentions "State Street, that great street." In 1979, the downtown portion was converted into a pedestrian mall with only bus traffic allowed. Mayor Richard M. Daley oversaw

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638-487: The name State Road after some state-funded improvements. Vincennes Avenue, one of Chicago's rare diagonal streets, is a vestige of the Vincennes Trace, and further south the trail eventually became Illinois Route 1 . In its early days, State Road was unpaved and known for having mud so deep it was jokingly said that it could suck down a horse and buggy. In the late 1860s, Potter Palmer embarked on efforts to raise

667-567: The neighborhood of Humboldt Park . The strip is flanked on both sides by 59-foot-tall (18 m) Puerto Rican flags made of steel . Dedicated to Puerto Rican pride, this part of the street includes a "walk of fame", with the names of many outstanding Puerto Ricans. Paseo Boricua is the political and cultural capital of the Puerto Rican community in the Midwest and, some say, in the Puerto Rican Diaspora . In June 2024,

696-640: The part of the Humboldt Park neighborhood in Chicago known as Puerto Rico Town or Paseo Boricua officially changed its name to Barrio Borikén. The Horween Leather Company , founded as I. Horween and Co. in 1905, was originally located on Division Street. The company moved in 1927 to North Elston Avenue. Division Street is primarily served by the 70 Division bus of the CTA between Dearborn Street and Austin Avenue . The Red Line and Blue Line also have

725-408: The profile and prestige of State Street. He enticed Marshall Field and Levi Leiter to move their prosperous and growing department store, Field, Leiter & Co. , to the corner of State and Washington Streets in 1868, and he built his own Palmer House Hotel nearby in 1870. For many years the city's most well-known seafood retailer, Burhop's Seafood , was located on North State Street, as well as

754-577: The split, both of the streets are frontage roads for the Dan Ryan Expressway. Multiple other bus routes, such as bus route 36 in downtown, run along State Street in segments to serve a train station or downtown. The Red Line parallels State Street from 95th Street to Marquette Road and from 13th Street to Division Street. The Green Line parallels State Street from 40th Street to Harrison Street (the Orange Line runs concurrently with

783-581: The time. It focused on a group of characters who frequented the bar in question, portraying the corrosive effects of the subculture on relations within The exterior shots were of the real bar, though the interior shots were done elsewhere. Mother's is located in a basement, with many support pillars through its unusually-shaped space, due to the proximity of the tunnel for the Red Line train and its air intake shafts. Farther west, around Damen Avenue (2000 W), are

812-532: The west, Division serves areas of the city that are not as economically vibrant, including for many years the Cabrini-Green public housing development, continuing a pattern of social class division noted by author Studs Terkel in his book, Division Street: America . Division Street has a Red Line stop at Clark/Division . Division Street is also served by the Division/Milwaukee stop on

841-500: Was installed in what had been the area that figured as the inspiration for much of his work. Division Street once served as one of Chicago's main and hippest club strips, with bars and clubs lining much of the street from State Street west to Dearborn Street . Today, the street serves as the Near North Side's second major nightlife hub, second only to the upscale River North entertainment district, located north and east of

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