Service for Poland's Victory ( Polish : Służba Zwycięstwu Polski ; SZP ), also translated as the Polish Victory Service , was the first Polish resistance movement in World War II . It was created by the order of general Juliusz Rómmel on 27 September 1939, when the siege of Warsaw , capital of Poland, where Rómmel commanded Polish defence, was nearing its end (Warsaw would capitulate on 28 September).
16-580: The commander of SZP was General Michał Karaszewicz-Tokarzewski . This secret organisation was tasked with the continuing of armed struggle to liberate Poland in the pre-war borders of the Second Polish Republic , recreation and reorganization of the Polish army and establishment of the secret government ( Polish Underground State ). In November 1939 SZP was renamed Union of Armed Struggle (ZWZ). This Polish history –related article
32-759: A commanding officer of the Corps area (okreg korpusu) in Grodno , Lwów and Toruń . During the Polish Defensive War of 1939, he was commanding the Operation Group (grupa operacyjna) of the " Armia Pomorze " (Pomeranian Army). He fought in the Battle of Bzura and was the second-in-command of " Armia Warszawa " (Army Warsaw) which was commanded by general Juliusz Rómmel , during the defence of Warsaw . In occupied Poland, on 27 September 1939 he founded
48-581: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This Polish military article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This World War II article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Micha%C5%82 Karaszewicz-Tokarzewski General Michał Tadeusz Tokarzewski-Karaszewicz , Coat of arms of Trąby pseudonym Doktor , Stolarski , Torwid (b. 5 January 1893 in Lemberg – 22 May 1964 in Casablanca , Morocco )
64-855: The Polish-Ukrainian War , which fought in Lwów. During the November–December 1918 pogroms in Poland, Tokarzewski was removed from his post by the Polish Government as District Commander of Przemysl for posting a notice in which he fined the Jewish population 3,000,000 crowns as punishment for allegedly fighting against the Polish army, despite their assertion of neutrality. This charge was never proven. The poster read: "An appeal to
80-619: The Union for Armed Struggle , Association of Armed Struggle , and Association for Armed Struggle , was an underground army formed in Poland following its invasion in September 1939 by Germany and the Soviet Union that opened World War II . It existed from 13 November 1939 until 14 February 1942, when it was renamed into Home Army ( Armia Krajowa, AK ). Union of Armed Struggle
96-518: The resistance movement " Służba Zwycięstwu Polski " (Polish Victory Service) and was its commander-in-chief until December 1939, when he became the commanding officer of the "3rd Lwów area ( ZWZ )" under Soviet occupation. Crossing the new German–Soviet border, in March 1940 he was arrested and imprisoned by the NKVD . After being released from prison, Tokarzewski was appointed a commanding officer of
112-867: The "6th Infantry Division" of the Polish Army in the Soviet Union ( Anders Army ) in August 1941. From March 1943 until 1944 he served as the second-in-command of the Polish Army in the East. In 1944 he became a commander of the 3rd Polish Corps which was formed in Egypt . After the war he stayed in exile in England and settled in London. From 1954 on he was the General Inspector of the Armed Forces of
128-555: The Polish forces in exile. He died on 22 May 1964 in Casablanca, Morocco . In September 1992 the urn with his ashes was transferred from Brompton Cemetery in London to Poland and buried at the Powązki Cemetery in Warsaw . In 2006, General Tokarzewski's medals and battledress came up for public auction. Two Canadians , who were aware of the unfortunate history of Poland during World War II, were successful in their bid and brought
144-655: The Polish troops of Przemysl a sum of 3,000,000 crowns." After Poland regained independence in 1918, Tokarzewski served in the Polish Army . In April 1919 he participated in the Polish-Soviet War when Wilno was seized by Poland. From 1924 until 1926 he was commanding the 19th Infantry Division in Wilno, from 1928 until 1932 a commanding officer of the 25th Infantry Division in Kalisz and from 1932 until 1939
160-610: The Union of Armed Struggle formally was under the authority of the Polish government in London , but in reality, military powers were in hands of officers who remained in the occupied country, and had good knowledge of the reality of Nazi- and Soviet-controlled Poland. After the arrest of General Michał Tokarzewski-Karaszewicz, who was captured by the NKVD on the way from Warsaw to Lwów, the Union of Armed Struggle in Eastern Poland
176-726: The items to Canada. The two then donated the entire collection to "Poland and the Polish people" during a ceremony at the Polish Combatants' Association, Branch#20 , in Toronto, Ontario , Canada. The collection was displayed at the Branch #20 museum until March, 2007, when it was shipped to Warsaw to be displayed in the Warsaw Military Museum in that city. ZWZ The Union of Armed Struggle ( Polish : Związek Walki Zbrojnej ; ZWZ ), also translated as
SECTION 10
#1732788021125192-538: The moment of entry of regular Polish units was put forward by Sosnkowski and his staff. After the fall of France , on 18 June 1940, General Władysław Sikorski named Colonel Stefan Rowecki his deputy, with the right to take urgent decisions without consent of the Polish government-in-exile . Sikorski urged Rowecki to closely cooperate with leaders of political parties, gathered in the Political Consultative Committee . The headquarters of
208-511: The population of Przemysl of Mosaic Confession. (ie, the Jewish population) "In view of a well-known fact that in the course of the struggle of recapturing Przemysl, the Jews, notwithstanding their repeated assertion of neutrality, took part in the fight with the Ukrainian forces and fired on the attacking police detachment. "I order the Jewish community to deposit at the district headquarters of
224-569: Was a Polish general, founder of the resistance movement " Polish Victory Service ". He was born on January 5, 1893, in Lviv as the son of Bolesław Wincenty Tokarzewski-Karaszewicz and Helena Lerch de Lechensfeld. Tokarzewski served in the Polish Legions from 1914 until 1917, then in the POW (Polish Military Organization). He was a commanding officer of the "5th Infantry Legion Regiment" during
240-399: Was created from an earlier organization, Service for Poland's Victory ( SZP ). In January 1940, it was divided into two parts: Formally, the Union of Armed Struggle was directed from Paris , by General Kazimierz Sosnkowski (nom de guerre Józef Godziemba), who after Poland's defeat escaped to France via Hungary . Due to practical problems, however, Sosnkowski's control of the organization
256-407: Was very limited. The instruction of General Sosnkowski, in which he ordered his subordinates to create regional branches of the Union of Armed Struggle, was brought to Warsaw on 4 December 1939. According to Sosnkowski, the Union of Armed Struggle was supposed to be a national military organization, without regard to political differences and social ranks. Furthermore, the idea of a national uprising at
#124875