42-497: Paramakudi or Paramagudi is the largest town in the district of Ramanathapuram in Tamil Nadu , India , with a population of over 1,33000 as of 2024. It has been the taluk headquarters since the formation of Ramanathapuram District in 1918. Paramakudi consists of two separate settlements: Paramakudi and Emaneswaram. These settlements were classified as different towns in the census records from 1901 to 1961 before merging into
84-505: A Sethupathi or "lord of the bridge" to guard the way to the island. The "bridge" referred to here is the legendary Rama's Bridge which was believed to have been constructed by Rama. The chieftains of Ramnad were entrusted with the responsibility of protecting the bridge, hence the appellation. Historically, for a short period, this area had been under the Chola dynasty when Rajendra Chola I brought it under his territory in 1063 CE. In
126-587: A short period, this area was under the Kings when Rajendra Chola I brought it under his territory in 1063 CE. In 1520, the Nayaks of Vijayangar took over the area under their control from the Pandiyan dynasty for about two centuries, maravar chieftains Sethupathis who were Lords under Pandiyan Kings and reigned over this part (17th century). At the beginning of the 18th century, family disputes over succession resulted in
168-748: Is Madurai Airport , about 125 km. The Nearest Naval Station is located in Uchipuli In the name of INS Parundu . Tourists visit Ramnad to see the Raja Palace, still occupied by the former Sethupaty Raja and his family. The royal family sends the elephant for Santhanakoodu procession in Erwadi during the annual Santhanakoodu Festival . Ramanathapuram is close to Rameswaram , Devipattinam , Thiruppullani , and Uthirakosamangai which are very important ancient pilgrimage centres. Uchipuli , an Indian naval air station with near by Ariyamaan Beach
210-768: Is a variety of dry red chilli mainly grown in this district. It is primarily grown in the Ramanathapuram district's Tiruvadanai , Mudukulathur , Kadaladi , RS Mangalam and Kamuthi taluks. It was awarded the Geographical Indication (GI) status tag from the Geographical Indications Registry under the Union Government of India on 22 February 2022 (valid until 15 November 2030). Ramnad Mundu Chilli Producer Company Limited from Mudhukulathur, proposed
252-595: Is bounded on the north by Sivaganga District , on the northeast by Pudukkottai District , on the east by the Palk Strait , on the south by the Gulf of Mannar , on the west by Thoothukudi District , and on the northwest by Virudhunagar District . The district contains the Pamban Bridge , an east–west chain of low islands and shallow reefs that extend between India and the island nation of Sri Lanka , and separate
294-544: Is located in south east Tamil Nadu and connected by NH 49 (also called as AH 43 ) to Madurai from Rameswaram. East Coast Road is the major coastal road in east Tamil Nadu which connects the state capital Chennai and Ramanathapuram; this road also connects Ramanathapuram with Pondicherry , Thoothukudi and Kanyakumari. Ramanathapuram railway station is well connected by railroad to major cities in India through Madurai Junction and Karaikudi Junction . The nearest airport
336-527: Is one among the popular beaches in Uchipuli. Periyapattinam , Athiyuthu , Panaikulam , Alagankulam , Puduvalasai , Chittarkottai, Valoor beaches are other popular in Ramnad region. And there is also memorial for former President of India A. P. J. Abdul Kalam is also located at Peikarumbu near Ramanathapuram. Ramanathapuram district Ramanathapuram District , also known as Ramnad District ,
378-512: Is one of the 38 districts an administrative districts of Tamil Nadu state in southern India . The old Ramanathapuram District consists of Present day Virudhunagar and Sivagangai districts, it touches the Western ghats and bordered with the state of Kerala and east by Bay of Bengal . It was the largest district on that time. The town of Ramanathapuram is the district headquarters. Ramanthapuram District has an area of 4,123 km . It
420-471: Is overlain by thin alluvium and exposed towards the north of the Vaigai River. Detached exposures of laterite and lateritic soil are seen in the northwestern part of the district. A major part of the district is covered with the fluvial, fluvio-marine, Aeolian and marine sediments of Quaternary age. The fluvial deposits which are made up of sand, silt and clay in varying degree of admixture occur along
462-734: The 2011 census , Paramakudi had a population of 95,579 with a sex ratio of 966 females for every 1,000 males. 9,292 were under the age of six, constituting 4,800 males and 4,492 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 14.5% and 0.08% of the population respectively. The average literacy of the town was 81.44%, compared to the national average of 72.99%. The town had 23,504 households. There were 35,561 workers, comprising 825 cultivators, 881 main agricultural laborers, 6,682 in household industries, 23,453 other workers, 3,720 marginal workers, 113 marginal cultivators, 209 marginal agricultural laborers, 496 marginal workers in household industries and 2,902 other marginal workers. According to
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#1732798816212504-674: The Pandyan Empire . During the 14th and 15th centuries, the traditional chieftain of the region who belonged to the Maravar caste was officially recognized as Sethupathi by the Nayak king of Madurai . The chieftain of Ramnad, in return, recognized the sovereignty of the Nayak king over his lands. When the power of the Nayak kings of Madurai began to decline in the late 17th century, the chieftains of Ramnad asserted their independence. In
546-566: The British in collaboration with Kattabomman of Panchalamkurichi. Colonel Agnew captured Marudhu Brothers and hanged them and made Gowri Vallbah Periya Udaya Thevar as Zamindar of Sivaganga. After the fall of Tippu Sultan, British took the control and imprisoned the Nawab. In 1892, the Zamindari system was abolished and a British Collector was appointed for administration. In 1910, Ramanathapuram
588-640: The French supported Muhammed Ali. This paved the way for a series of conflicts in the southern part of the continent also called Carnatic Wars . In 1795, the British deposed Muthuramalinga Sethupathi and took control of the administration of Ramanathapuram. After the death of the Queen Velu Nachiyar , the Maruthu brothers took charge by paying regular revenue to the East India company. In 1803
630-596: The Maruthu Pandiyar of Sivaganga revolted against the British in collaboration with Kattabomman of Panchalamkurichi. Colonel Agnew captured and hanged the Maruthu brothers. After the fall of Tippu Sultan , the British took control and imprisoned the Nawab. In 1892 the Zamindari system was abolished and a British collector was appointed for administration. In 1910, Ramanathapuram was formed from portions of Madurai and Tirunelveli districts , with J.F. Bryant as
672-734: The Palk Strait from the Gulf of Mannar. The Palk Strait is navigable only by shallow-draft vessels. As of 2011, Ramanathapuram district had a population of 1,353,445 with a sex-ratio of 983 females for every 1,000 males. The district is home to the pilgrimage centre of Rameswaram and tourist spot Dhanushkodi , an abandoned town . In the early 15th century, the present territories of Ramanathapuram district, comprising taluks Tiruvadanai, RajaSingaMangalam, Paramakudi, Ramanathapuram and Rameswaram, Kamuthi, Mudukulathur in Pandyan Dynasty. For
714-629: The Raja of Sivaganga. In 1741 the area came under the control of the Marathas and then under the Nizam in 1744. Dissatisfied with the Nawab 's rule, the chieftains revolted, led by the last ruling Nayak, against the Nawab in 1752. By that time, the throne of Arcot had two rivals, Chanda Shahib and Muhammed Ali , and this district was under the rule of Nawab of Arcot. The British supported Chand Sahib, whilst
756-598: The Regional Transport Office (RTO) for vehicle registration and other activities. It is also famous market place for all the villages around and many people residing in nearby villages come to the town to complete their major shopping and purchases. Paramakudi was ruled by the Pandyan dynasty and later by Sethupathi of Ramanathapuram. According to the ancient epic Ramayana , Rama started his battle against Ravana at Sethu Canal . According to
798-614: The active channels of Vaigai, Gundar, Manimuthar and Pambar rivers. They have been categorised into levee, flood basin, channel bar/ point bar and paleo-channel deposits. The paleo-channel deposits comprise brown-coloured, fine to medium sands with well preserved cross-beddings. The fluvio-marine deposits are exposed in the Vaigai delta as deltaic plain, paleo-tidal and dune flat deposits. The deltaic plain and dune flats comprise medium, grey brown sands. The paleo tidal flat deposits include black silty clay, black clay and mud. In Rameswaram Island,
840-701: The age of six, constituting 71,705 males and 68,939 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 18.40% and 0.08% of the population, respectively. The average literacy of the district was 72.33%, compared to the national average of 72.99%. The district had a total of 323,905 households. There were a total of 602,977 workers, comprising 149,959 cultivators, 103,592 main agricultural labourers, 18,546 in house hold industries, 214,053 other workers, 116,827 marginal workers, 23,808 marginal cultivators, 50,282 marginal agricultural labourers, 6,682 marginal workers in household industries and 36,055 other marginal workers. Languages of Ramanathapuram district (2011) At
882-498: The area came under the control of the Marattas and then under the Nizam in 1744, Nawab's rule made displeasure in the mind of those chieftains. That made them declare the last Nayak as ruler of Pandiya Mandalam against the Nawab in 1752. By that time, throne of Carnatic had two rivals, Chanda Sahib and Mohamed Ali, and this district was part of Carnatic. The British and French supported Chanda Sahib and Mohamed Ali respectively. It paved
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#1732798816212924-536: The crevices, these sponges are found with many animals, ranging from tiny crabs and brittle star to bivalve molluscs. 275 species under 8 orders are found in Gulf of Mannar. With a 34 percentage share, Paramakudi is the top chili pepper producer in Tamil Nadu. In 2018, Government of India classifies Ramanathapuram as one of the 112 most underdeveloped district across the country and brought it under Aspirational Districts Phase 1. The Ramnathapuram Mundu chilli
966-454: The division of Ramanathapuram. With the help of the King of Thanjavur in 1730, one of the chieftains deposed Sethupathy and became the Raja of Sivaganga. Acting upon the weakness of the Nayak rules, the local chieftains (Palayakarars) became independent. Raja of Sivagangai and Sethupathy of Ramanathapuram were prominent among them. In 1730, Chanda Sahib of Carnatic, captured Ramanathapuram. In 1741,
1008-511: The first collector. During the British period this district was called "Ramnad"; the name continued after independence. Later the district was renamed as Ramanathapuram to be in conformity with the Tamil name for this region."Ramnad" is also known as "Mugavai"(face) since it acts as the entry point for River "Vaigai". According to 2011 census , Ramanathapuram had a population of 61,440 with a sex-ratio of 988 females for every 1,000 males, much above
1050-423: The first marine biosphere reserve declared in India, this area has long been a national priority. The Gulf of Mannar and its 3,600 species of flora and fauna is one of the biologically richest coastal regions in all of the mainland of India. It is equally rich in sea-algae, sea grasses, coral reef pearl banks, fin and shellfish resources, mangroves, and endemic and endangered species. It is an important habitat for
1092-445: The fluvio-marine deposits include indurated sand and dune sands. The Aeolian deposits comprise red sands which are in nature of ancient dunes and occur over a 3.2 km wide and 8 km long stretch and lie parallel to the sea coast. These are separated by marshy deposits of black clays. The sands are underlain by calcareous hardpan. In Rameswaram Island also brown sand deposits occur around Sambaimadam on either side of NH 49 west of
1134-479: The highly endangered sea mammal, the dugong commonly called the sea cow. There are 137 species of coral found in Gulf of Mannar. The coral come in myriads of shapes. Some have finger like branches and others dome-shaped colony with a net work of ridges and furrows. Sponges, although at casual glance look like plants, are animals, living singly or in colonies of many individuals. Their colours vary as much as shape, being green, red, yellow, and even black or white. In
1176-516: The late 12th and early 13th centuries, this province was ruled by Hazrat Sulthan Syed Ibrahim shaheed of Ervadi . Later on, his heirs were ruling the province following a peace treaty with the Sethupathis. From then, until the early 15th century the present territories of Ramanathapuram district —comprising the taluks Tiruvadanai , Kilakarai , Paramakudi , Kamuthi , Mudukulathur , Ramanathapuram and Rameswaram —were included in
1218-467: The late 17th century, Raghunatha Kilavan crowned himself king of Ramnad and changed his seat from Pogalur to Ramnad close to the east coast. He erected massive fortifications to protect his capital. In 1725, the king of Tanjore claimed the northern part of the Ramnad kingdom (the Aranthangi region) up to the river Pambar in return for his services during the civil war in Ramnad. A vassal of Ramnad who
1260-451: The municipal present city in 1964. The area of the town is 13.45 km. There are 36 members on the council. The Vaigai River flows through Paramakudi to the Bay of Bengal . Paramakudi also serves as sub-district for Ramanathapuram and some of the governmental services divided between Ramananthapuram and Paramakudi to serve people better such as for the southern part of the district it serves as
1302-571: The national average of 929. A total of 6,370 were under the age of six, constituting 3,245 males and 3,125 females. The average literacy of the town was 83.42%, compared to the national average of 72.99%. The town had a total of 14716 households. There were a total of 20,375 workers, comprising 115 cultivators, 178 main agricultural labourers, 262 in house hold industries, 18,773 other workers, 1,047 marginal workers, 20 marginal cultivators, 30 marginal agricultural labourers, 41 marginal workers in household industries and 956 other marginal workers. As per
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1344-655: The needs of the populace. It is a good sign to have few engineering colleges like Anna University, UCER-Ramnad campus, Syed Ammal Engineering College and Mohamed Sathak Engineering College. Former Indian president A.P.J. Abdul Kalam attended Schwartz Higher Secondary School, Ramanathapuram. It is a part of Ramanathapuram (Lok Sabha constituency) . Ramanathapuram is located at 9°23′N 78°50′E / 9.38°N 78.83°E / 9.38; 78.83 . It has an average elevation of 2 metres (6 feet). The nearest towns include Paramakudi , Rameshwaram , Mudukulathur , Kilakarai and Manamadurai . The town
1386-531: The religious census of 2011, Paramakudi had 86.55% Hindus , 9.2% Muslims , 4.11% Christians , 0.01% Sikhs and 0.12% following other religions. Ramanathapuram Ramanathapuram ( pronunciation ), also known as Ramnad , is a city and a municipality in Ramanathapuram district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu . It is the administrative headquarters of Ramanathapuram district and
1428-470: The religious census of 2011, Ramanathapuram had 76.39% Hindus , 19.77% Muslims , 3.08% Christians , 0.01% Sikhs , 0.7% following other religions and 0.01% following no religion or did not indicate any religious preference. Ramanathapuram is a municipality. After shifting the district headquarters' offices from Madurai to Ramanathapuram, the town is growing. The gauge conversion of the railway from Madurai to Rameswaram and from Tiruchi to Rameswaram connects
1470-491: The second largest town (by population) in Ramanathapuram district. The town is at times referred as Mukhavai (Mugavai) Nagaram, that is, Entrance town. The region is well known since Puranic ages. The estate of Ramnad included the Hindu holy island city of Rameswaram , from where, legend has it that the Hindu god Rama launched his invasion of Ravana 's Lanka . On the conclusion of the war and Rama's success in it, he appointed
1512-507: The time of the 2011 census, 97.67% of the population spoke Tamil and 1.53% Saurashtra as their first language. It is a part of Ramanathapuram Lok Sabha constituency . Marine Biosphere Reserve not only in India but also in south and southeast Asia. The IUCN Commission on National Parks and WWF, identified the Reserve as being an area of "Particulars concern" given its diversity and special multiple-use management status. In addition, as
1554-481: The town to all major Indian cities. Ramanathapuram district was a larger district in Tamil Nadu, and later some of its portions were removed to create Sivaganga district. The river Vaigai enters the Big Tank (periya kanmaai) and the water is collected for the purpose of agriculture. It is claimed that the river water does not reach the sea, portraying the size of the catchment area. The town has many ponds catering to
1596-440: The town. The marine formation comprises coastal plain deposits of sand and clay in varied proportions. Marine calcareous hardpan occurs as low terraces and platforms, with admixture of quartz, limonite and garnet concentration. According to 2011 census , Ramanathapuram district had a population of 1,353,445 with a sex-ratio of 983 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929. A total of 140,644 were under
1638-680: The unconsolidated sediments of the Quaternary age except in the northwestern part, where isolated patches of Archaean crystallines and Tertiary sandstone are exposed. The Archaeans are mainly represented by the Charnockite group of rocks comprising garnetiferous granulite and the Khondalite group of rocks made up of quartzite and gneisses. The Tertiary sandstone (Cuddalore Formation) comprises pinkish, yellowish, reddish (variegated colours) medium to coarse grained sandstone and clay stone. It
1680-552: The way for series of conflicts in the southern part of the continent. In 1795, the British deposed Muthuramalinga Sethupathy and took control of the administration of Ramanathapuram. In 1801 Mangaleswari Nachiyar was made the Zamindar of Sivagangai. After the passing of Queen, the Marudhu Brothers took the charge by paying regular revenue to the East India company. In 1803 the Marudhu Brothers of Sivaganga revolted against
1722-462: Was amongst the victors in the civil war took over the westerly located Sivaganga region, thereby leaving only three-fifths of the kingdom actually in the hands of the king of Ramnad. At the beginning of the 18th century, family disputes over succession resulted in the division of Ramanathapuram. With the help of the King of Thanjavur in 1730, one of the chieftains deposed the Sethupathi and became
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1764-408: Was formed by clubbing portions from Madurai and Tirunelveli district. Shri J.F. Bryant I.C.S was the first collector. And this district was named as Ramanathapuram. During the British period this district was called "Ramnad." The name continued after independence. Later the district was renamed as Ramanathapuram to be in conformity with the Tamil name for this region. Most of the area is covered by
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