68-509: Pedersen ( Danish pronunciation: [ˈpʰe̝ðɐsn̩] ) is a Danish and Norwegian patronymic surname , literally meaning "son of Peder". It is the fourth most common surname in Denmark , shared by about 3.4% of the population, and the sixth most common in Norway. It is of similar origin as the surname Petersen . Listing of people with
136-429: A "difficult language to learn, acquire and understand", and some evidence shows that children are slower to acquire the phonological distinctions of Danish compared with other languages. The grammar is moderately inflective with strong (irregular) and weak (regular) conjugations and inflections. Nouns, adjectives, and demonstrative pronouns distinguish common and neutral gender. Like English, Danish only has remnants of
204-577: A former case system , particularly in the pronouns. Unlike English, it has lost all person marking on verbs. Its word order is V2 , with the finite verb always occupying the second slot in the sentence. Danish is a Germanic language of the North Germanic branch . Other names for this group are the Nordic or Scandinavian languages. Along with Swedish, Danish descends from the Eastern dialects of
272-1137: A former player Paul Pedersen (composer) (born 1935), Canadian composer Paul Pedersen (gymnast) (1886–1948), Norwegian gymnast Peder Larsen Pedersen (1880–1966), Danish gymnast Peder Oluf Pedersen (1874–1941), Danish engineer and physicist Peder Pedersen (disambiguation) Per Pedersen (cyclist) (born 1964), Danish retired road bicycle racer Per Pedersen (footballer) (born 1969), Danish former football (soccer) player Peter Dorf Pedersen (1897–1967), Danish gymnast Peter Pedersen (politician) , (born 1954), Swedish Left Party politician Poul Pedersen (1932–2016), Danish retired football (soccer) player Ralf Pedersen (born 1973), Danish professional football defenders Randy Pedersen (born 1962), American professional bowler and color analyst for ESPN Ray Pedersen , American artist and graphic designer Red Pedersen (born 1935), former territorial level politician Rolf Birger Pedersen (1939–2001), Norwegian footballer and football coach Ronni Pedersen (born 1974), Danish motorcycle speedway rider Rune Pedersen (born 1963), Norwegian referee in
340-526: A literary language. Also in this period, Danish began to take on the linguistic traits that differentiate it from Swedish and Norwegian, such as the stød , the voicing of many stop consonants, and the weakening of many final vowels to /e/. The first printed book in Danish dates from 1495, the Rimkrøniken ( Rhyming Chronicle ), a history book told in rhymed verses. The first complete translation of
408-707: A number of Danes remained as a minority within German territories . After the occupation of Denmark by Germany in World War II, the 1948 orthography reform dropped the German-influenced rule of capitalizing nouns, and introduced the letter ⟨å⟩ . Three 20th-century Danish authors have become Nobel Prize laureates in Literature : Karl Gjellerup and Henrik Pontoppidan (joint recipients in 1917) and Johannes V. Jensen (awarded 1944). With
476-429: A similarity in pronunciation, combined with the long tradition of having Danish as a written language, which has led to similarities in vocabulary. Among younger Danes, Copenhageners are worse at understanding Swedish than Danes from the provinces. In general, younger Danes are not as good at understanding the neighboring languages as the young in Norway and Sweden. The Danish philologist Johannes Brøndum-Nielsen divided
544-586: A so-called multiethnolect in the urban areas, an immigrant Danish variety (also known as Perkerdansk ), combining elements of different immigrant languages such as Arabic, Turkish, and Kurdish, as well as English and Danish. Within the Danish Realm , Danish is the national language of Denmark and one of two official languages of the Faroe Islands (alongside Faroese ). There is a Faroese variant of Danish known as Gøtudanskt . Until 2009, Danish
612-625: A variant of Standard Danish, Southern Schleswig Danish , is spoken in the area. Since 2015, Schleswig-Holstein has officially recognized Danish as a regional language , just as German is north of the border. Furthermore, Danish is one of the official languages of the European Union and one of the working languages of the Nordic Council . Under the Nordic Language Convention , Danish-speaking citizens of
680-407: A very large vowel inventory consisting of 27 phonemically distinctive vowels , and its prosody is characterized by the distinctive phenomenon stød , a kind of laryngeal phonation type . Due to the many pronunciation differences that set Danish apart from its neighboring languages, particularly the vowels, difficult prosody and "weakly" pronounced consonants, it is sometimes considered to be
748-700: Is a West Germanic language descended from Old English. Old Norse exerted a strong influence on Old English in the early medieval period. The shared Germanic heritage of Danish and English is demonstrated with many common words that are very similar in the two languages. For example, when written, commonly used Danish verbs, nouns, and prepositions such as have , over , under , for , give , flag , salt , and arm are easily recognizable to English speakers. Similarly, some other words are almost identical to their Scots equivalents, e.g. kirke (Scots kirk , i.e., 'church') or barn (Scots and northern English bairn , i.e. 'child'). In addition,
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#1732773321488816-624: Is an international architectural design firm located in New York, London and Shanghai .276 Pedersen , experimental 7 mm cartridge developed for the U.S. Army and used in the Pedersen rifle 3312 Pedersen (1984 SN), Main-belt Asteroid discovered in 1984 Pedersen bicycle , bicycle designed by Mikael Pedersen Pedersen commitment , a cryptographic technique used in multiple applications, including zero-knowledge proofs Pedersen Device , attachment developed during World War I for
884-617: Is different from Wikidata All set index articles Danish Language Nordic Council Danish ( / ˈ d eɪ n ɪ ʃ / , DAY -nish ; endonym : dansk pronounced [ˈtænˀsk] , dansk sprog [ˈtænˀsk ˈspʁɔwˀ] ) is a North Germanic language from the Indo-European language family spoken by about six million people, principally in and around Denmark . Communities of Danish speakers are also found in Greenland ,
952-430: Is its closest relative. East Germanic languages West Germanic languages Icelandic Faroese Norwegian Danish Swedish Approximately 2,000 uncompounded Danish words are derived from Old Norse and ultimately from Proto Indo-European . Of these 2,000, 1,200 are nouns, 500 are verbs and 180 are adjectives. Danish has also absorbed many loanwords , most of which were borrowed from Low German of
1020-436: The skarre-R , the uvular R sound ( [ʁ] ), began spreading through Denmark, likely through influence from Parisian French and German. It affected all of the areas where Danish had been influential, including all of Denmark, Southern Sweden, and coastal southern Norway. In the 18th century, Danish philology was advanced by Rasmus Rask , who pioneered the disciplines of comparative and historical linguistics, and wrote
1088-443: The 1991 Tippeligaen with Viking, but his career began to be disrupted by injuries. Pedersen rejoined Odds (now known as Odd Grenland) for a year in 1994 before returning to Viking. On 26 October 1996, Pedersen appeared as a trialist for Dundee United in a Scottish Premier Division match against Hearts , subsequently signing a contract with the club. He quickly became a cult hero with United supporters, playing in all but one of
1156-623: The Bible in Danish, the Bible of Christian II translated by Christiern Pedersen , was published in 1550. Pedersen's orthographic choices set the de facto standard for subsequent writing in Danish. From around 1500, several printing presses were in operation in Denmark publishing in Danish and other languages. In the period after 1550, presses in Copenhagen dominated the publication of material in
1224-570: The Late Middle Ages . Out of the 500 most frequently used Danish words, 100 are loans from Middle Low German; this is because Low German was the second official language of Denmark–Norway. In the 17th and 18th centuries, standard German and French superseded Low German influence, and in the 20th century, English became the main supplier of loanwords, especially after World War II . Although many old Nordic words remain, some were replaced with borrowed synonyms, for example æde (to eat)
1292-523: The Old Norse language ; Danish and Swedish are also classified as East Scandinavian or East Nordic languages. Scandinavian languages are often considered a dialect continuum , where no sharp dividing lines are seen between the different vernacular languages. Like Norwegian and Swedish, Danish was significantly influenced by Low German in the Middle Ages, and has been influenced by English since
1360-1305: The United States Navy Strike Fighter Tactics Instructor program known as Topgun David Pedersen (born 1986), Norwegian singer Dwite Pedersen (1941–2021), American politician Dynes Pedersen (1893–1960), Danish gymnast Eigil Pedersen (1917–1994), Danish chess player Ellen Birgitte Pedersen (born 1955), Norwegian politician Erik Bue Pedersen (born 1952), Danish handball player Erik Pedersen (born 1967), Norwegian footballer Finn Pedersen (1925–2012), Danish rower George Pedersen (academic administrator) (born 1931), Canadian academic administrator Gerhard Pedersen (1912–1987), Danish boxer Gitte Pedersen (born 1979), Danish football player Gro Pedersen Claussen (born 1941) Norwegian graphic designer Gunner Møller Pedersen (born 1943), Danish composer Haakon Pedersen (1906–1991), Norwegian speed skater Hallgeir Pedersen (born 1973), Norwegian jazz guitarist Hans Eiler Pedersen (1890–1971), Danish gymnast Hans Pedersen (1887–1943), Danish gymnast Helga Pedersen (Denmark) (1911–1980), Danish Chief Justice and politician Helga Pedersen (Norway) (born 1973), Norwegian deputy leader for
1428-688: The Viking Era . Danish, together with Swedish, derives from the East Norse dialect group , while the Middle Norwegian language (before the influence of Danish) and Norwegian Bokmål are classified as West Norse along with Faroese and Icelandic . A more recent classification based on mutual intelligibility separates modern spoken Danish, Norwegian , and Swedish as "mainland (or continental ) Scandinavian", while Icelandic and Faroese are classified as "insular Scandinavian". Although
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#17327733214881496-544: The Zealand dialect Introductio ad lingvam Danicam puta selandicam ; and in 1685 the first Danish grammar written in Danish, Den Danske Sprog-Kunst ("The Art of the Danish Language") by Peder Syv . Major authors from this period are Thomas Kingo , poet and psalmist, and Leonora Christina Ulfeldt , whose novel Jammersminde ( Remembered Woes ) is considered a literary masterpiece by scholars. Orthography
1564-402: The introduction of the printing press , a standard language was developed which was based on the educated dialect of Copenhagen and Malmö . It spread through use in the education system and administration, though German and Latin continued to be the most important written languages well into the 17th century. Following the loss of territory to Germany and Sweden, a nationalist movement adopted
1632-662: The surname Pedersen . If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name (s) to the link. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pedersen&oldid=1243369807 " Categories : Patronymic surnames Surnames Danish-language surnames Norwegian-language surnames Surnames from given names Hidden categories: Pages with Danish IPA All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from August 2020 Articles with short description Short description
1700-459: The 1920 Summer Olympics Christiern Pedersen (1480–1554), Danish canon, humanist scholar, writer, printer and publisher Christina Pedersen (handballer) (born 1982), Danish team handball goalkeeper Christina Pedersen (referee) (born 1981), Norwegian football referee Christopher S. Pedersen (born 1986), Norwegian baritone Dag Erik Pedersen (born 1959), Norwegian road racing cyclist Dan A. Pederson, USN, first officer-in-charge of
1768-1291: The 1990s Rune Pedersen (footballer) (born 1979), Danish professional footballer Søren Pedersen (born 1978), Danish professional football defender Sigurd Pedersen (1893–1968), Norwegian politician Simon Azoulay Pedersen (born 1982), Danish professional football player Snorre Pedersen (born 1972), Norwegian skeleton racer who competed from 1997 to 2005 Solveig Pedersen (born 1965), Norwegian cross country skier Steinar Pedersen (born 1975), Norwegian football defender Steinar Pedersen (politician) (born 1947), Norwegian politician Steve Pedersen , American guitarist from Omaha, Nebraska Susan Pedersen (historian) , American historian currently working at Columbia University Susan Pedersen (swimmer) (born 1953), American swimmer Sverre Lunde Pedersen (born 1992), Norwegian speed skater Terese Pedersen (born 1980), Norwegian handball goalkeeper Terje Moland Pedersen (born 1952), Norwegian politician Terje Pedersen (born 1943), Norwegian javelin thrower Thomas Pedersen (disambiguation) , several people Thor Pedersen (born 1945), Danish politician Thor Pedersen (rower) (1924–2008), Norwegian competition rower Torben Mark Pedersen (born 1960), Danish economist and politician, founder of
1836-579: The 9th century with the younger futhark . Possibly as far back as the seventh century, the common Norse language began to undergo changes that did not spread to all of Scandinavia, resulting in the appearance of two dialect areas, Old West Norse ( Norway and Iceland ) and Old East Norse ( Denmark and Sweden ). Most of the changes separating East Norse from West Norse started as innovations in Denmark, that spread through Scania into Sweden and by maritime contact to southern Norway. A change that separated Old East Norse (Runic Swedish/Danish) from Old West Norse
1904-1271: The Churchill Boys L. C. Pedersen , American politician Laura Pedersen (born 1965), American author Lena Pedersen (born 1940), Canadian politician and social worker from Nunavut Lene Pedersen (born 1977), Norwegian ski mountaineer Lene Marlin Pedersen (born 1980), Norwegian musician more commonly referred to as Lene Marlin Lisa Brix Pedersen (born 1996), Danish discus thrower Mads Pedersen (born 1995), Danish professional racing cyclist Marc Pedersen (born 1989), Danish professional football player Marcus Pedersen (born 1990), Norwegian football player Martin Pedersen (cyclist) (born 1983), Danish professional road bicycle racer Martin Pedersen (footballer) (born 1983), Danish professional football player Martin Pedersen (tennis) (born 1987), Danish professional tennis player Merete Pedersen (born 1973), Danish football midfielder Mette Pedersen (born 1973), Danish badminton player Mia Bak Pedersen (born 1980), Danish football defender Michael Pedersen , (born 1986), Danish cricketer Mikael Pedersen (1855–1929), Danish inventor associated with
1972-594: The Danish language, and also started a period of homogenization, whereby the Copenhagen standard language gradually displaced the regional vernacular languages. Throughout the 19th century, Danes emigrated, establishing small expatriate communities in the Americas, particularly in the United States, Canada, and Argentina, where memory and some use of Danish remains today. After the Schleswig referendum in 1920 ,
2040-517: The Danish language. Herrer og Narre have frit Sprog . "Lords and jesters have free speech." Peder Syv , proverbs Following the first Bible translation, the development of Danish as a written language , as a language of religion, administration, and public discourse accelerated. In the second half of the 17th century, grammarians elaborated grammars of Danish, first among them Rasmus Bartholin 's 1657 Latin grammar De studio lingvæ danicæ ; then Laurids Olufsen Kock 's 1660 grammar of
2108-407: The Danish tongue." Heimskringla by Snorri Sturluson By the eighth century, the common Germanic language of Scandinavia, Proto-Norse , had undergone some changes and evolved into Old Norse . This language was generally called the "Danish tongue" ( Dǫnsk tunga ), or "Norse language" ( Norrœnt mál ). Norse was written in the runic alphabet , first with the elder futhark and from
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2176-1100: The English town of Dursley Mikkel O. Pedersen (born 1997), Danish racing driver Monica Pedersen , American designer on the show "Designed to Sell" Monika Pedersen , Danish singer of the band Sinphonia Morten Gamst Pedersen (born 1981), Norwegian football player who currently plays for Blackburn Rovers Morten Pedersen (born 1972), Norwegian soccer player, who played as defender Nancy Pedersen , American genetic epidemiologist Nicki Pedersen (born 1977), Danish motorcycle speedway rider Nicklas Pedersen (born 1987), Danish professional football striker Niels-Henning Ørsted Pedersen (1946–2005), Danish jazz bassist Poul Lars Høgh Pedersen (1959–2021), Danish football goalkeeper Odd Kvaal Pedersen (1935–1990), Norwegian journalist, author and translator Olaf Pedersen (gymnast) (1884–1972), Danish gymnast Olaf Pedersen (1920–1997), Danish historian of science Oluf Pedersen (gymnast) (1878–1917), Danish gymnast Ove Pedersen (born 1954), Danish football manager and
2244-1385: The European Southern Observatory Inger Pedersen (1936–2023), Norwegian politician Inger Stilling Pedersen (1929–2017), Danish politician Jørgen V. Pedersen (born 1959), Danish road bicycle racer Jacob Pedersen (1889–1961), Norwegian track and field athlete James Pedersen (1868–1944), American politician Jamie Pedersen (born 1968), American lawyer and politician Jan O. Pedersen (born 1962), Danish Speedway rider Jan Ove Pedersen (born 1968), Norwegian football coach and former player Johanne Samueline Pedersen (1887–1961), Norwegian politician Johannes Pedersen (1892–1982), Danish gymnast Johannes Pederson (1883–1977), Danish theologian and linguist John Pedersen (disambiguation) , multiple people Jonas Pedersen (1871–1953), Norwegian politician Jostein Pedersen , Norwegian commentator and "music intelligencia" Karl Pedersen (born 1940), Danish chess player Katrine Pedersen (born 1977), Danish football midfielder Kayla Pedersen (born 1989), American basketball player Kenneth Møller Pedersen (born 1973), Danish professional football midfielder Kjetil Ruthford Pedersen (born 1973), Norwegian footballer Knud Pederson (1925–2014), Danish resistance leader and leader of
2312-647: The Faroe Islands , and the northern German region of Southern Schleswig , where it has minority language status. Minor Danish-speaking communities are also found in Norway , Sweden , the United States , Canada , Brazil , and Argentina . Along with the other North Germanic languages, Danish is a descendant of Old Norse , the common language of the Germanic peoples who lived in Scandinavia during
2380-1120: The Labour Party Bente Pedersen (born 1961), Norwegian novelist Bent-Ove Pedersen (born 1967), Norwegian tennis player Bernard E. Pedersen , American politician Bjarne Bent Rønne Pedersen (1935–1993), Danish musician, banjo player and singer Bjarne Pedersen (born 1978), Danish speedway rider Blaine Pedersen , Canadian politician in Manitoba Carl Alfred Pedersen (1882–1960), Norwegian gymnast and triple jumper Carl Pedersen (gymnast) (1883–1971), Danish gymnast Carl Pedersen (rower) (1884–1968), Danish rower Carl-Henning Pedersen (1913–2007), Danish painter Carsten Pedersen (born 1977), Danish cricketer Cato Zahl Pedersen (born 1959), Norwegian skier Charles J. Pedersen (1904–1989), American organic chemist Chris Pedersen (actor) , American actor and film star Chris Pedersen (musician) , Australian drummer Christian Pedersen (1889–1953), Danish gymnast who competed in
2448-764: The Labour Party Helmer Pedersen (1930–1987), New Zealand Olympic Gold medallist in yachting Henrik Bolberg Pedersen (born 1960), Danish trumpeter and flugelhorn player with the Danish Radio Jazz Orchestra Henrik Pedersen (footballer) (born 1975), Danish professional football player Herb Pedersen (born 1944), American musician, guitarist, banjo player, and singer-songwriter Hilde Gjermundshaug Pedersen (born 1964), Norwegian cross-country skier Holger Pedersen (1867–1953), Danish linguist Holger Pedersen (born 1946), Danish astronomer at
2516-468: The M1903 Springfield rifle that allowed it to fire a short 0.30 (7.62 mm) caliber intermediate cartridge in semi-automatic mode Pedersen index , measure of electoral volatility in party systems Pedersen rifle , United States semi-automatic rifle designed by John Pedersen Pedersen's law , named after Danish linguist Holger Pedersen, is a Balto-Slavic accent law which states that
2584-952: The Nobel Prize in Literature for 1920 Maya Pedersen-Bieri (born 1972), Swiss skeleton racer Michael Pedersen Friis (1857–1944), Danish Prime Minister (April 5, 1920 to May 5, 1920) Morten Pedersen Porsild (1872–1956), Danish botanist who lived and worked in Greenland Nils Pedersen Igland (1833–1898), Norwegian farmer and politician Peder Johan Pedersen Holmesland (1833–1914), Norwegian politician Rasmus Pedersen Thu (1864–1946), Norwegian photographer Simon Pedersen Holmesland (1823–1895), Norwegian politician Ulla Pedersen Tørnæs (born 1962), Danish politician and former Minister for Development Cooperation of Denmark Other references [ edit ] Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates (KPF)
2652-705: The Nordic countries have the opportunity to use their native language when interacting with official bodies in other Nordic countries without being liable for any interpretation or translation costs. Erik Pedersen Erik Stensrud Pedersen (born 11 October 1967) is a former Norwegian footballer who played as left back. Pedersen spent most of his career in Norway, but had a spell in Scotland with Dundee United . Pedersen played youth football for Storms and Eidanger before joining Odds in 1984. He moved to Tromsø in 1988 and then Viking in 1991. He made ten appearances for Norway between 1990 and 1992 and won
2720-710: The Old Norse word for "island". This monophthongization started in Jutland and spread eastward, having spread throughout Denmark and most of Sweden by 1100. Through Danish conquest, Old East Norse was once widely spoken in the northeast counties of England . Many words derived from Norse, such as "gate" ( gade ) for street, still survive in Yorkshire , the East Midlands and East Anglia, and parts of eastern England colonized by Danish Vikings . The city of York
2788-600: The area, eventually outnumbering the Danish speakers. The political loss of territory sparked a period of intense nationalism in Denmark, coinciding with the so-called " Golden Age " of Danish culture. Authors such as N.F.S. Grundtvig emphasized the role of language in creating national belonging. Some of the most cherished Danish-language authors of this period are existential philosopher Søren Kierkegaard and prolific fairy tale author Hans Christian Andersen . The influence of popular literary role models, together with increased requirements of education did much to strengthen
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2856-508: The exclusive use of rigsdansk , the High Copenhagen Standard, in national broadcasting, the traditional dialects came under increased pressure. In the 20th century, they have all but disappeared, and the standard language has extended throughout the country. Minor regional pronunciation variation of the standard language, sometimes called regionssprog ("regional languages") remain, and are in some cases vital. Today,
2924-778: The fairy tales of Hans Christian Andersen Walter E. Pedersen (1911–1998), American politician Willy Pedersen (born 1952), Norwegian sociologist Pedersen as a middle or hyphenated name [ edit ] Birger Møller-Pedersen , Norwegian computer scientist and Professor at the University of Oslo Gustav Natvig-Pedersen (1893–1965), Norwegian politician Hans Pedersen Herrefosser (1800–1869), Norwegian politician Jørgen Pedersen Gram (1850–1916), Danish actuary and mathematician Johannes Pedersen Deichmann (1790–1832), Norwegian politician Karl Eirik Schjøtt-Pedersen (born 1959), Norwegian politician Knut Pedersen Hamsun (1859–1952), Norwegian author who received
2992-451: The first English-language grammar of Danish. Literary Danish continued to develop with the works of Ludvig Holberg , whose plays and historical and scientific works laid the foundation for the Danish literary canon. With the Danish colonization of Greenland by Hans Egede , Danish became the administrative and religious language there, while Iceland and the Faroe Islands had the status of Danish colonies with Danish as an official language until
3060-426: The history of Danish into a period from 800 AD to 1525 to be "Old Danish", which he subdivided into "Runic Danish" (800–1100), Early Middle Danish (1100–1350) and Late Middle Danish (1350–1525). Móðir Dyggva var Drótt, dóttir Danps konungs, sonar Rígs er fyrstr var konungr kallaðr á danska tungu . " Dyggvi 's mother was Drott, the daughter of king Danp, Ríg 's son, who was the first to be called king in
3128-424: The language as a token of Danish identity, and the language experienced a strong surge in use and popularity, with major works of literature produced in the 18th and 19th centuries. Today, traditional Danish dialects have all but disappeared, though regional variants of the standard language exist. The main differences in language are between generations, with youth language being particularly innovative. Danish has
3196-547: The language of the courts. Since 1997, public authorities have been obliged to follow the official spelling system laid out in the Orthography Law. In the 21st century, discussions have been held with a view to create a law that would make Danish the official language of Denmark. In addition, a noticeable community of Danish speakers is in Southern Schleswig , the portion of Germany bordering Denmark, and
3264-407: The major varieties of Standard Danish are High Copenhagen Standard, associated with elderly, well to-do, and well educated people of the capital, and low Copenhagen speech traditionally associated with the working class, but today adopted as the prestige variety of the younger generations. Also, in the 21st century, the influence of immigration has had linguistic consequences, such as the emergence of
3332-422: The mid-20th century. Moders navn er vort Hjertesprog, kun løs er al fremmed Tale. Det alene i mund og bog, kan vække et folk af dvale. "Mother's name is our hearts' tongue, only idle is all foreign speech It alone, in mouth or in book, can rouse a people from sleep." N.F.S. Grundtvig , "Modersmaalet" Following the loss of Schleswig to Germany, a sharp influx of German speakers moved into
3400-474: The political party Liberalisterne Tore Pedersen (born 1969), Norwegian international football defender Torny Pedersen (born 1946), Norwegian politician Torsten Schack Pedersen (born 1976), Danish politician Trond Pedersen (born 1951), Norwegian former football player and coach Trond Jøran Pedersen (born 1958), Norwegian ski jumper Trygve Pedersen (1884–1967), Norwegian sailor Vilhelm Pedersen (1820–1859), Danish artist who illustrated
3468-628: The remaining fixtures of the 1996–97 season and helping the club to a third-placed finish in the league. In November 1997, Pedersen collected a runners-up medal in the Scottish League Cup when he played in Dundee United's 3–0 final defeat against Celtic . After an injury-hit third season in Scotland, during which he made only eight appearances, he left United when his contract expired. Although Pedersen's time in Scotland
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#17327733214883536-472: The shared written standard language remained). With the introduction of absolutism in 1660, the Danish state was further integrated, and the language of the Danish chancellery, a Zealandic variety with German and French influence, became the de facto official standard language , especially in writing—this was the original so-called rigsdansk ("Danish of the Realm"). Also, beginning in the mid-18th century,
3604-2856: The stress was retracted from stressed medial syllables in Balto-Slavic mobile paradigms Pedersen v. Office of Personnel Management , United States lawsuit See also [ edit ] Pederson , surname Petersen , surname v t e Surnames associated with the given name Peter Baltic Pētersons Petraitis Petravičius Petrusevičius [REDACTED] Celtic McFetridge McPhedran Germanic Parkin Parkins Parkinson Pearce Pearse Pearson Pedersen Pederson Peer Peers Peeters Peirce Perkin Perkins Perkinson Persson Peter (surname) Peters Peterson Petersson Petersen Piech Pierce Piers Pieters Pieterse Pietersen Pietsch Pietzschke Pötschke Pötzsch Hellenic Petridis Petrou Petropoulos Romance De Pietro Di Pietro Pedrazzini Pedrelli Pedretti Pédrez Pedrini Pedroni Pedrotti Peiris Pérez Peres Peris Perotti Petrazzi Petrelli Petrencu Petrescu Petri Petrini Petrone Petrocelli Petroni Petrozzi Petrucci Petrucelli Petruzzi Pieri Pieroni Pierotti Pierucci Pietri Pires Pirez Píriz Slavic Petrak Petrakov Petráš Petrash Petrashov Petrashevsky Petrek Petrecki Petrenko Petrić Petříček Petrick Petrik Petrikov Petrishin Petrof Petrov Petrovič Petrović Petrovich Petrovski Petrovsky Petrovykh Petrowski Petrunin Petrusewicz Petrushin Petryak Petryuk Petryk Petunin Pietrusiewicz Piotrowicz Piotrkowski Piotrowski Other Peterffy Petras Petre Petriashvili Petrosyan (multiple spellings) Petrus References [ edit ] ^ "Navne - Danmarks Statistik" . dst.dk . Retrieved September 6, 2017 . [REDACTED] Surname list This page lists people with
3672-527: The surname Pedersen [ edit ] Aaron Pedersen (born 1970), Australian actor of Arrente/Arabana descent Abdul Wahid Pedersen (born 1954), Danish Imam Alexander Pedersen (1891–1955), Norwegian sprinter Alex Pedersen (cyclist) (born 1966), Danish cyclist Alf Pedersen (1904–1925), Norwegian boxer Allen Pedersen (born 1965), Canadian retired professional ice hockey player Alma Pedersen (born 2005), Danish rhythmic gymnast Anne Rygh Pedersen (born 1967), Norwegian politician for
3740-486: The three languages can often understand the others fairly well, though studies have shown that the mutual intelligibility is asymmetric: Norwegian speakers generally understand both Danish and Swedish far better than Swedes or Danes understand each other. Concomitantly, Swedes and Danes understand Norwegian better than they understand each other's languages. Norwegian occupies the middle position in terms of intelligibility because of its shared border with Sweden, resulting in
3808-445: The turn of the 20th century. Danish itself can be divided into three main dialect areas: Jutlandic (West Danish), Insular Danish (including the standard variety), and East Danish (including Bornholmian and Scanian ). According to the view that Scandinavian is a dialect continuum, East Danish can be considered intermediary between Danish and Swedish, while Scanian can be considered a Swedified East Danish dialect, and Bornholmian
3876-411: The vernacular language to be accessible also to those who were not Latinate. The Jutlandic Law and Scanian Law were written in vernacular Danish in the early 13th century. Beginning in 1350, Danish began to be used as a language of administration, and new types of literature began to be written in the language, such as royal letters and testaments. The orthography in this period was not standardized nor
3944-469: The vernacular, such as the plural form of verbs, should be conserved in writing (i.e. han er "he is" vs. de ere "they are"). The East Danish provinces were lost to Sweden after the Second Treaty of Brömsebro (1645) after which they were gradually Swedified; just as Norway was politically severed from Denmark, beginning also a gradual end of Danish influence on Norwegian (influence through
4012-516: The whore-bed with another man's wife and he comes away alive..." Jutlandic Law, 1241 In the medieval period, Danish emerged as a separate language from Swedish. The main written language was Latin, and the few Danish-language texts preserved from this period are written in the Latin alphabet, although the runic alphabet seems to have lingered in popular usage in some areas. The main text types written in this period are laws, which were formulated in
4080-492: The word by , meaning ‘village’ or ‘town’, occurs in many English place-names, such as Whitby and Selby , as remnants of the Viking occupation . During that period English adopted ‘are’, the third person plural form of the verb ‘to be’, as well as the personal pronouns ‘they’, ‘them’ and ‘their’ from contemporary Old Norse. Danish is largely mutually intelligible with Norwegian and Swedish . A proficient speaker of any of
4148-489: The written languages are compatible, spoken Danish is distinctly different from Norwegian and Swedish and thus the degree of mutual intelligibility with either is variable between regions and speakers . Until the 16th century, Danish was a continuum of dialects spoken from Southern Jutland and Schleswig to Scania with no standard variety or spelling conventions. With the Protestant Reformation and
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#17327733214884216-492: Was a territory ruled by Denmark–Norway , one of whose official languages was Danish. Though Danish ceased to be an official language in Iceland in 1944, it is still widely used and is a mandatory subject in school, taught as a second foreign language after English. No law stipulates an official language for Denmark, making Danish the de facto official language only. The Code of Civil Procedure does, however, lay down Danish as
4284-457: Was also one of two official languages of Greenland (alongside Greenlandic ). Danish now acts as a lingua franca in Greenland, with a large percentage of native Greenlanders able to speak Danish as a second language (it was introduced into the education system as a compulsory language in 1928). About 10% of the population speaks Danish as their first language , due to immigration. Iceland
4352-488: Was mostly supplanted by the Low German spise . As well as loanwords, new words can be freely formed by compounding existing words. In standard texts of contemporary Danish, Middle Low German loans account for about 16–17% of the vocabulary, Graeco-Latin loans 4–8%, French 2–4% and English about 1%. Danish and English are both Germanic languages. Danish is a North Germanic language descended from Old Norse, and English
4420-627: Was once the Viking settlement of Jorvik. Several other English words derive from Old East Norse, for example "knife" ( kniv ), "husband" ( husbond ), and "egg" ( æg ). The suffix "-by" for 'town' is common in place names in Yorkshire and the east Midlands, for example Selby, Whitby, Derby, and Grimsby. The word "dale" meaning valley is common in Yorkshire and Derbyshire placenames. Fangær man saar i hor seng mæth annæns mansz kunæ. oc kumær han burt liuænd... . "If one catches someone in
4488-463: Was still not standardized and the principles for doing so were vigorously discussed among Danish philologists. The grammar of Jens Pedersen Høysgaard was the first to give a detailed analysis of Danish phonology and prosody, including a description of the stød . In this period, scholars were also discussing whether it was best to "write as one speaks" or to "speak as one writes", including whether archaic grammatical forms that had fallen out of use in
4556-469: Was the change of the diphthong æi (Old West Norse ei ) to the monophthong e , as in stæin to sten . This is reflected in runic inscriptions where the older read stain and the later stin . Also, a change of au as in dauðr into ø as in døðr occurred. This change is shown in runic inscriptions as a change from tauþr into tuþr . Moreover, the øy (Old West Norse ey ) diphthong changed into ø , as well, as in
4624-474: Was the spoken language, and the regional laws demonstrate the dialectal differences between the regions in which they were written. Throughout this period, Danish was in contact with Low German , and many Low German loan words were introduced in this period. With the Protestant Reformation in 1536, Danish also became the language of religion, which sparked a new interest in using Danish as
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