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30-654: Pend Oreille may refer to: Lake Pend Oreille , the largest lake in the northern Idaho Panhandle Pend Oreille County, Washington , a county located in the northeastern section of the State of Washington Pend Oreille River , a tributary of the Columbia River Pend d'Oreilles tribe , an Indigenous peoples of the Northwest Plateau Pend Oreille Valley Railroad ,

60-523: A maximum depth of 1,486 feet (453 m), Lake Chelan is the third deepest lake in the United States, and the 25th deepest in the world . At its deepest, the lake bottom is 388 feet (118 m) below sea level. The total watershed of the lake is 924 square miles (2,390 km ) More than 90% of the watershed is forested land. The remainder of the basin is composed of the lake itself (5.6%) and agriculture (3.5%). The fjord-like topography of

90-419: A maximum depth of 1,486 ft (453 m), Lake Chelan is the third deepest lake in the United States behind Crater Lake , the deepest, and Lake Tahoe , the second deepest. Because of overdeepening, the sides of this lake drop steeply to its bottom. The deepest part of Lake Chelan lies as much as 436 ft (133 m) below sea level. In places, the bedrock floor of the valley occupied by Lake Chelan, which

120-617: A shortline railroad located in Usk, in northeast Washington See also [ edit ] Oreille (disambiguation) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Pend Oreille . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pend_Oreille&oldid=817294383 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

150-480: Is 38 miles (61 km) long with an average depth of 1,148 feet (350 m) and thus by far the larger of the two basins. It is in this part of the lake that the maximum depth of 1,486 feet (453 m) is found. Lucerne basin contains 92% of the water in Lake Chelan and 74% of the surface area, leaving Wapato with only 8% of the total volume of water and 26% of the surface area. The upper basin of Lake Chelan

180-533: Is among the five deepest lakes in the United States. The area around the lake is the traditional home of the Kalispel Indian peoples. David Thompson established a North West Company trading post on the lake in 1809. A Canadian fur trader in Thompson's party is believed to have given the lake its name. The words "Pend Oreille" are French for an ear-hanging or pendant. Ear pendants were characteristic of

210-482: Is buried by Pleistocene glacial and lacustrine sediments , lies at least 1,529 ft (466 m) below sea level . Two communities lie on the southern end of the lake, and a third sits at the far north end, providing a gateway to the North Cascades National Park . On an annual basis, an average of 2,200 cubic feet per second (62 m /s) flow into the lake. Approximately 75% of

240-594: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Lake Pend Oreille The surrounding forests consist of ponderosa pine , Douglas fir , red cedar , poplar , quaking aspen , hemlock , paper birch and western larch . Local animal species include white-tailed deer , elk , gray wolves , moose , mice , squirrels , chipmunks , black bears , grizzly bear , coyotes , mountain goat , cougar and bobcats , along with bald eagles , wild turkeys , osprey , owls , hummingbirds , hawks , woodpeckers , ducks , and

270-552: Is located at the northern terminus of the lake, adjacent to the Stehekin River inflow. At the mouth of the Railroad Creek sits Lucerne , a small community of private cabins served by commercial boats. Lucerne is also the primary gateway to the community of Holden Village , a Lutheran retreat center located 11 mi (18 km) inland from the lake. With approximately 50 long-term residents, Holden includes one of

300-601: Is surrounded by more mountainous terrain, resulting in few beaches along the shoreline. Approximately 50 miles (80 km) of the shoreline of this basin are in National Forest lands, and 12 miles (19 km) in National Park lands. The climate of Lake Chelan's watershed is varied. From the southern end of the lake in the rain shadow of the Cascade Range , to the northern tip of the lake located in

330-546: The 2020 census , is currently the only incorporated city situated along the lake shore. The city is located at the southern terminus of the lake, adjacent to the Lake Chelan Dam and the Chelan River outflow. The census-designated place of Manson , which had 1,523 residents in 2020, is also located at the southern end of the lake. The unincorporated community of Stehekin , with approximately 75 residents,

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360-614: The Skagit River drainage. Skagit ice passed through Fisher and Rainy passes, and down Bridge Creek into the Lake Chelan valley. The glacial lobe flowed down the Lake Chelan valley until meeting glacial ice of the main Okanogan Lobe advancing up the valley from the Columbia River drainage near Manson . The deposits of the northwestward advancing Okanagan lobe are characterized by large, basalt glacial erratics . As

390-478: The mountain bluebird . The lake is a home for several species of migratory water fowl. Lake Pend Oreille was glacially formed during the ice age . It is also believed that the eastern side of the lake was in the path of the ancient Missoula Floods . The lake sits at the south end of the Purcell Trench, carved by glaciers moving south from Canada. The eastern side of the glacier is believed to have formed

420-644: The Kalispel tribe. The lake is shaped much like a human ear when viewed from above or on a map. In 1846, Great Britain ceded the bulk of its claims to the Pacific Nortwest pursuant to the Oregon Treaty . During World War II , the south end was the second largest naval training ground in the world and the largest "city" in the state. Built as a result of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor ,

450-701: The Lake Chelan valley results from repeated glacial erosion and deposition (maybe nine or ten times) during the Pleistocene Period. The last episode of glacial erosion and deposition in the basin occurred during the Last Glacial Maximum about 21,000 years ago. At that time, in the upper Similkameen River valley of British Columbia , the Skagit Lobe split from the Okanogan Lobe of the Cordilleran ice sheet and advanced south into

480-549: The Skagit Lobe during the Last Glacial Maximum and glacial lobes during older glaciations flowed to the southeast down the Lake Chelan valley, they excavated the deep glacial trough that is now occupied by Lake Chelan. The depth of the Lucerne Basin and the elevation of glacial till and moraines and glacier-scoured bedrock on the walls of the overdeepened Lake Chelan valley indicates that the thickness of

510-401: The Skagit Lobe was over 1 mi (1.6 km). Lake Chelan is composed of two basins. The lower basin, Wapato, is shallower and approximately a fourth the total length of the lake. The upper basin, Lucerne, is much deeper and extends for the remainder of the length of the lake. The two basins are separated by a sill rising to within 122 ft (37 m) of the surface, at a point known as

540-445: The climates are remarkably similar. Both locations average around 60 °F (16 °C) for a high, and 40 °F (4 °C) for a low throughout the course of the year. The name Chelan is a Salish Indigenous word, " Tsi - Laan ," meaning 'Deep Water'. Due to the isolated nature of Lake Chelan, especially at its northern reaches, there is not a large population that resides along the shore. Chelan , which had 4,222 residents at

570-577: The dam for the Missoula floods, at the point where the Clark Fork river enters the lake between the Cabinet and Bitterroot mountains. The lake is made slightly larger by the dam at Albeni Falls , just east of Oldtown ; the dam is ninety feet (27 m) high and operated by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers . Along with Crater Lake , Lake Tahoe , Lake Chelan , and Lake Superior , Lake Pend Oreille

600-400: The eastern Cascades, the climate of Lake Chelan's watershed is as diverse as the lake is long. The south end's weather is notably dry, with Chelan averaging only 11.4 inches (29 cm) of rain per year, along with 21.8 inches (55 cm) of snow. Stehekin receives an average of 35.5 inches (90 cm) of rain per year, and 122.5 inches (311 cm) of snow. Other than precipitation trends,

630-464: The few remaining public K-12 two-room schools in the contiguous United States. Fishing is a popular recreating activity on Lake Chelan. The following fish are or were native to the lake: Bull Trout , Westslope cutthroat trout , Largescale sucker , Longnose sucker , Bridgelip sucker , Northern pikeminnow , Peamouth , Redside shiner , Mountain whitefish , Pygmy whitefish . In addition to these native species, six species have been introduced to

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660-616: The former Farragut Naval Training Station was used to accommodate the 12th World Scout Jamboree (1 to 8 August), the dates being significant as it marked 60 years to the date after Sir Robert Baden Powell held his first scout camp on Brownsea Island in Poole Harbour, Dorset in England. The following towns are adjacent to the lake: The lake is viewed from the Pend Oreille Scenic Byway , State Highway 200 along

690-432: The lake surface lies more than 6,600 ft (2,000 m) below peaks less than 3 mi (4.8 km) away. Before 1927, Lake Chelan was the largest natural lake in the state in terms of both surface area and water volume. Upon the completion of Lake Chelan Dam in 1927, the elevation of the lake was increased by 21 ft (6.4 m) to its present maximum-capacity elevation of 1,100 ft (340 m). With

720-493: The lake, primarily for sport fishing purposes: Yellowstone cutthroat trout , Rainbow trout , Kokanee , Brook trout , Chinook salmon , Lake trout In 2013, a 35.63 lb (16.16 kg) Lake Trout was caught, setting the state record. The Lake Chelan AVA surrounds the southernmost 12 miles of Lake Chelan. A subzone of the larger Columbia Valley AVA , the Lake Chelan AVA is home to 31 tasting rooms. At

750-518: The narrows, at which the lake is only 0.35 miles (0.56 km) wide. The lower basin, Wapato, reaches a maximum depth of only 400 feet (120 m). About 600 feet (180 m) of glacial sediment and rockslide deposits rest on top of the bedrock. This section of the lake is 12 miles (19 km) long, and has an average depth of 190 feet (58 m). Due to the relatively modest size of this basin, water resides in this basin for only 0.8 years, compared to 10 for Lucerne Basin. The upper Lucerne basin

780-596: The north end of the lake, surrounding the town of Stehekin, is Lake Chelan National Recreation Area (NRA). Bordering the Lake Chelan NRA is the Lake Chelan-Sawtooth Wilderness . The Wenatchee National Forest surrounds much of the lake on either side. Two state parks are located on the southern edge, not far from the city of Chelan. These state parks are Twenty-Five Mile Creek State Park and Lake Chelan State Park . In addition to

810-940: The north shore. US 95 crosses the lake via Long bridge. Much of the shore is mountainous. The mountains to the east are the Green Monarchs; to the north are the Cabinet Mountains ; to the southwest the Coeur d'Alene Mountains ; and to northwest are the Selkirk Mountains . The lake is known to harbor several invasive species . Some of these species include: The lake is home to many species of fish, including rainbow trout , lake trout , bull trout , cutthroat trout , brown trout , cutbow , perch , black crappie , bluegill , largemouth bass , smallmouth bass , whitefish , walleye , northern pike , northern pikeminnow , and kokanee salmon . Lake Pend Oreille

840-644: The training station is now Farragut State Park . The lake's Large Scale Vehicle Range is still used by the Navy 's Acoustic Research Detachment for sonar testing with large-scale submarine prototypes on the Pend Oreille Calibration Station. The significant depth gives acoustic properties similar to the open ocean. Background noise is less than at ocean testing locations, and the sound signatures being investigated cannot be monitored by foreign governments in international waters. In 1967,

870-461: The water that flows into the lake comes from two tributaries. The Stehekin River alone contributes 65% of all water to Lake Chelan, averaging 1,401 cu ft/s (39.7 m /s) annually. The other major tributary, Railroad Creek , averages 202 cu ft/s (5.7 m /s) annually. The remaining water is added via a number of smaller tributaries as well as direct rain and snowfall. With

900-521: Was also the home of the 37-pound (17-kilogram) state record gerrard rainbow trout (aka kamloops rainbow) caught by Wes Hamlet in 1947. Lake Chelan Lake Chelan ( / ʃ ə ˈ l æ n / shə- LAN ) is a narrow, 50.5 mi (81.3 km) long lake in Chelan County , north-central Washington state, U.S. It is an overdeepened lake and resembles a fjord , with an average width of 1.3 mi (2.1 km). Near its upper end,

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