41-576: A permanent account number ( PAN ) is a ten-character alphanumeric identifier Foundational ID, issued in the form of a laminated "PAN card", by the Indian Income Tax Department , to any person who applies for it or to whom the department allots the number without an application. It can also be obtained in the form of a PDF file known as e-PAN from the website of the Indian Income Tax Department. A PAN
82-538: A PAN is optional or voluntary like a passport, driving license, Aadhaar etc. However, its use is mandatory for conducting for high-value financial transactions, etc. One can apply for PAN by submitting the prescribed PAN application to the authorized PAN agency of the district or through online submission to NSDL , which is now rebranded as Protean eGov Technologies Limited, Website , UTIITSL along with 2 recent passport size color photographs, proof of ID, Address and Date of Birth and fee. In case of re-print (re-issue),
123-693: A four-percent health-and-education cess, are levied on the flat rate. Electronic filing is mandatory. Non-corporate taxpayers pay a 10-percent surcharge on income between ₹ 5 million and ₹ 10 million. There is a 15-percent surcharge on income over ₹ 10 million. Domestic companies pay seven percent on taxable income between ₹ 10 million and ₹ 100 million, and 12 percent on income over ₹ 100 million. Foreign companies pay two percent on income between ₹ 10 million and ₹ 100 million, and five percent on income over ₹ 100 million. There are four types of income-tax returns: Those responsible for registering or maintaining accounting books or other documents with
164-445: A lump sum. The schedule of advance tax payment for individual and corporate taxpayers are: There was no change in the timeline for tax payment; however, if the deposit of Advance Tax is delayed, a reduced interest rate of 9 percent per annum, or 0.75 percent per month, will be applicable instead of the current rate of 12 percent per annum, or 1 percent, for payment of all taxes falling between 20 March 2020 and 30 June 2020. Income tax
205-472: A one-time 45-percent tax. Declarations totaled 64,275, netting ₹ 652.5 billion (US$ 7.8 billion). The New Tax Regime was announced for individuals & HUF in Budget 2020 and became effective from financial year 2020-21. According to it, individuals can opt for reduced tax rates with no option for claiming exemptions & deductions. Currently, Indian taxpayers can choose between the old tax regime and
246-559: A penalty of ₹10,000/- for each default is payable u/s.272B to the assessing officer. The primary purpose of the PAN is to bring a universal identification to all financial transactions and to prevent tax evasion by keeping track of monetary transactions, especially those of high-net-worth individuals who can impact the economy. In Union Budget 2023, the government proposed to use PAN as a common identifier for all business establishments using digital systems of various government agencies. Quoting
287-855: A photocopy of the old PAN is also required. It takes about 10–15 days to receive the card. A user with an Aadhaar card can also submit e-KYC. There are two types of PAN applications: The allocation date of a PAN can be checked through UTI's official website . The issuance of PAN, verification, delivery and maintenance works on public-private partnership (PPP) model like Passport Seva Kendra (PSK) for reasons of economy, efficiency, and effectiveness. The reputed entities like Protean eGov Technologies Limited (formerly NSDL e-Governance Infrastructure Limited) and UTI Infrastructure Technology Services Limited (UTIITSL) have been entrusted by Income Tax Department as managed service providers for processing of applications, collecting, handling and verifying personal documents like proof of ID, age and address, clarification with
328-485: A record of any specified financial transaction must file an annual information return (Form No. 61A). Producers of a cinematographic film during the financial year must file a statement (Form No. 52A) within 30 days of the end of the financial year or within 30 days of the end of production, whichever is earlier. Non-residents with a liaison office in India must deliver Form No. 49A to the assessing officer within sixty days of
369-516: A valid visa, and hence a PAN card is not acceptable as proof of Indian citizenship. A PAN is necessary for filing income tax returns (ITR). The PAN (or PAN number) is a ten-character long alpha-numeric unique identifier. The PAN structure is as follows: Fourth character [ P — Individual or Person] Example: AAAPZ1234C In recent times, the DOI (date of issue) of the PAN Card is the mentioned at
410-647: Is a unique identifier issued to all judicial entities identifiable under the Indian Income Tax Act , 1961. The income tax PAN and its linked card are issued under Section 139A of the Income Tax Act. It is issued by the Indian Income Tax Department under the supervision of the Central Board for Direct Taxes (CBDT) and it also serves as an important proof of identification. It is also issued to foreign nationals (such as investors) subject to
451-437: Is also paid by tax deduction at source (TDS): The tax rate is 25 percent for domestic companies. For new companies incorporated after 1 October 2019 and beginning production before 31 March 2023, the tax rate is 15 percent. Both rates apply only if a company claims no exemptions or concessions. For foreign companies, the tax rate is 40 percent (50 percent on royalties and technical services). Surcharges and cesses , including
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#1732797964224492-780: Is defined in Section 10(1) of the Income-tax Act, 1961 . Income-tax law consists of the 1961 act, Income Tax Rules 1962, Notifications and Circulars issued by the Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT), annual Finance Acts, and judicial pronouncements by the Supreme and high courts . The government taxes certain income of individuals, Hindu Undivided Families (HUF's), companies, firms, LLPs, associations, bodies, local authorities and any other juridical person . Personal tax depends on residential status. The CBDT administers
533-441: Is from interest) who have not changed jobs are exempt from income tax. Although individual and HUF taxpayers must file their income-tax returns online, digital signatures are not required. The practice of paying taxes in advance rather than in a single sum at the end of the fiscal year is known as advance tax. These taxes, often known as the 'pay-as-you-earn' scheme, is paid on tax bills above ₹10,000 in installments instead of as
574-586: Is governed by the 1961 act, which has 298 sections and four schedules. The Direct Taxes Code Bill was sponsored in Parliament on 30 August 2010 by the finance minister to replace the Income Tax Act, 1961 and the Wealth Tax Act. The bill could not pass, however, and lapsed after revocation of the Wealth Tax Act in 2015. In its income declaration scheme, 2016 , the government of India allowed taxpayers to declare previously-undisclosed income and pay
615-407: Is illegal to obtain multiple PANs and there is a penalty of ₹ 10,000 (US$ 120) when caught. In addition, there are fake PAN cards due to ubiquitous plastic card printers. Additionally, illegal immigrants have also got PAN cards issued to them; most have used the services of PAN card agents. There are only two entities in India that are authorized to accept PAN applications for processing on behalf of
656-442: Is now very easy to apply online using Aadhaar based eSignature at Protean's (formerly NSDL e-Gov) website. One can register first at Protean's website. After registration, the applicant receives a token number. One can continue with filling form. The applicant can save the details and complete the form at his convenience by logging using his/her registered details. One can upload photo/signature and supporting documents and finally eSign
697-670: Is the same as that for Indian citizens. However, the application is required to be filed using Form 49AA meant for foreign citizens and submitted at any of the authorized PAN Service Centres through an authorized representative in India. Individuals and HUF Documents accepted as proof of identity: Documents accepted as proof of address: For other than individuals and HUF (including those having no office of their own in India) Documents accepted as proof of identity and proof of address: At present, PAN Service Centres are located in India only. However, foreign citizens may find
738-482: Is within 48 hours. The actual PAN card is sent to the overseas address by the registered/certified mail and may take additional 2 weeks after the issue of the PAN number which is initially conveyed by email. Although there are only 58 million income tax payers in India, yet there are 445 million genuine PANs issued as of 31 March 2019. While the alphanumeric PAN number is unique, individuals and corporate entities have been able to obtain multiple PAN cards fraudulently. It
779-762: The Constitution of India on which Parliament has exclusive power to legislate. The legislative section is divided into three lists: the Union List, State List and Concurrent List . In India, residual powers remain with the Central Government . This makes the government of India similar to the Canadian federal government , and different from the governments of the United States , Switzerland , or Australia . There are 97 numbered items on
820-548: The Income Tax Department , which is part of the Ministry of Finance's Department of Revenue. Income tax is a key source of government funding. The Income Tax Department is the central government's largest revenue generator; total tax revenue increased from ₹ 1,392.26 billion (US$ 17 billion) in 1997–98 to ₹ 5,889.09 billion (US$ 71 billion) in 2007–08. In 2018–19, direct tax collections reported by
861-456: The Viceroy on 24 July 1860, and came into effect immediately. It was divided into 21 parts, with 259 sections. Income was classified in four schedules: i) income from landed property; ii) income from professions and trade; iii) income from securities, annuities and dividends, and iv) income from salaries and pensions. Agricultural income was taxable. A number of laws were enacted to streamline
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#1732797964224902-591: The CBDT were about ₹ 11.17 lakh crore ( ₹11.17 trillion ). Taxation has been a function of sovereign states since ancient times. The earliest archaeological evidence of taxation in India is found in Ashoka 's pillar inscription at Lumbini . According to the inscription, tax relief was given to the people of Lumbini (who paid one-eighth of their income, instead of one-sixth). In the Manusmriti , Manu says that
943-756: The Income Tax Department (India), i.e. Protean e-Gov Technologies Limited (formerly NSDL e-Governance Infrastructure Limited) & UTIITSL. Income tax in India Central Revenue collections in 2007–08 Income tax in India is governed by Entry 82 of the Union List of the Seventh Schedule to the Constitution of India , empowering the central government to tax non-agricultural income; agricultural income
984-418: The PAN is mandatory when filing ITR, tax deduction at source , or any other communication with the Income Tax Department . PAN is also steadily becoming a mandatory document for opening a new bank account, a demat account, a new landline telephone connection / a mobile phone connection, purchase of foreign currency, bank deposits above ₹50,000, purchase and sale of immovable properties, vehicles etc. Obtaining
1025-459: The activities below is initially computed as business income, after permissible deductions. Thereafter, 40, 35 or 25 percent of the income is treated as business income and the rest is treated as agricultural income. These are permissible deductions according to the Finance Act, 2015: The due date for a return is: Individuals with an income of less than ₹500,000 (less than ₹10,000 of which
1066-462: The applicants, printing the card and the letter and then mailing it. The processing agencies obtain the new PAN number online from the server of the income tax department after successful processing of the application documents. Some critics in India may call the handling, processing, and delivery of personal ID and financial documents by private contractors as a violation of privacy. Protean (formerly NSDL e-Gov) centres can be located at TIN website. It
1107-404: The application using Aadhaar and OTP. After successful eSign one can download and keep copy of the signed form for his reference. An acknowledgement receipt and form is also received through e-mail at registered email ID. UTIITSL centres can be located at its website. PAN is an important document for foreign citizens who wish to invest or undertake business in India. The procedure to obtain a PAN
1148-426: The art of governance and foreign policy), artha is not only wealth; a government's power depended on the strength of its treasury: "From the treasury comes the power of the government, and the earth, whose ornament is the treasury, is acquired by means of the treasury and army." Kalidasa 's Raghuvamsha , eulogizing King Dilipa, says: "it was only for the good of his subjects that he collected taxes from them just as
1189-606: The end of the financial year. In the Finance Act, 2021, the government has introduced the following changes on the Income Tax Act, 1961: Self-assessment is done on a taxpayer's return . The department assesses tax under section 143(3) (scrutiny), 144 (best judgement), 147 (income escaping assessment) and 153A (search and seizure). Notices for such assessments are issued under sections 143(2), 148 and 153A, respectively. Time limits are prescribed in section 153. Penalties can be levied under §271(1)(c) for concealing or misrepresenting income. Penalties may range from 100 to 300 percent of
1230-520: The income-tax laws; the Super-Rich Tax and a new Income-tax Act were passed in 1918. The Act of 1922 significantly changed the Act of 1918 by shifting income-tax administration from the provincial to the central government. Another notable feature of the act was that the rules would be outlined by annual Finance Acts instead of the act itself. A new Income-tax Act was passed in 1939. The 1922 act
1271-422: The king has the sovereign power to levy and collect tax according to Shastra : लोके च करादिग्रहणो शास्त्रनिष्ठः स्यात् । — Manu, Sloka 128, Manusmriti ("It is in accordance with Sastra to collect taxes from citizens.") The Baudhayana sutras note that the king received one-sixth of the income from his subjects, in return for protection. According to Kautilya 's Arthashastra (a treatise on economics,
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1312-413: The new tax regime. At the time of introduction, it had 7 different slabs. After three years from introduction, Indian Government reduced both the slab count & tax rates under New Tax Regime in Budget 2023, after reports of poor adoption to new tax regime by tax payers For the assessment year 2016–17, individuals earning up to ₹ 2.5 lakh (US$ 3,000) were exempt from income tax. About one percent of
1353-447: The population, the upper class , falls under the 30-percent slab. It increased by an average of 22 percent from 2000 to 2010, encompassing 580,000 income-tax payers. The middle class , who fall under the 10- and 20-percent slabs, grew by an average of seven percent annually to 2.78 million income-tax payers. According to section 10(1) of the Act, agricultural income is tax-exempt. Section 2(1A) defines agricultural income as: Income in
1394-658: The pseudo online mode of application more inconvenient. Signed physical documents must be sent by postal mail or courier to the Protean (formerly NSDL eGov) PO Box in Pune (India) or UTIITSL address in Mumbai, New Delhi, Chennai, or Kolkata. The online facility allows payment of fees in INR using limited options of credit card for foreign citizens (only if they have India based credit card as international credit cards are not always accepted by
1435-420: The right (vertical) hand side of the photo on the PAN card if issued by NSDL (now rebranded as Protean eGov Technologies Limited) and will not be mentioned if issued by UTI-TSL. The central government has introduced a new online service called "Know Your PAN", to for knowing your PAN number, verify your PAN for new and existing PAN numbers. Failure to comply with the provisions of Section 139A of Income Tax Act,
1476-562: The sun draws moisture from the earth to give it back a thousand time." British rule in India became established during the 19th century. After the Mutiny of 1857 , the British government faced an acute financial crisis. To fill the treasury, the first Income-tax Act was introduced in February 1860 by Sir James Wilson (British India's first finance minister). The act received the assent of
1517-426: The tax evaded. Under-reporting or misreporting income is penalized under §270A. Penalties are 50 percent of the tax on under-reported income and 200 percent of the tax on misreported income. Late fees are payable under §234F. Union List The Union List , also known as List-I , is a list of 97 numbered items (after 101st Constitutional amendment act 2016, entry 92 and 92c removed) given in Seventh Schedule in
1558-434: The third party fee collectors.) Unlike most countries, India charges a fee to issue a TIN (PAN ID). The fees charges are ₹107 if the PAN card is to be received in India and ₹989 if the PAN Card is to be received at a foreign location. Note that the online application only eliminates data entry errors. One still needs to mail the application with photographs to India-based centers. The application requires two photographs. One on
1599-409: The top right requires a signature within the box below it. The other one on the top left requires a signature across the photograph (such that part of the signature is on the photograph and part on the form). There is anywhere from 2 to 20 days lag between your documents reaching the center and the initial processing/verification which only takes a day. The actual issue of PAN number by the tax department
1640-609: The wealth-tax Act 1957 , the Expenditure Tax Act, 1957 , and the Gift Tax Act, 1958 . The Direct Taxes Administration Enquiry Committee, under the chairmanship of Mahavir Tyagi , submitted its report on 30 November 1959 and its recommendations took shape in the Income-tax Act, 1961 . The act, which became effective on 1 April 1962, replaced the Indian Income Tax Act, 1922. Current income-tax law
1681-537: Was amended twenty-nine times between 1939 and 1956. A tax on capital gains was imposed in 1946, and the concept of capital gains has been amended a number of times. In 1956, Nicholas Kaldor was appointed to investigate the Indian tax system in light of the Second Five-Year Plan's revenue requirement. He submitted an extensive report for a coordinated tax system, and several taxation acts were enacted: