25-613: Pin Valley National Park is a National park of India located in the Spiti Valley in the Lahaul and Spiti district , in the state of Himachal Pradesh . It is located in far northern India . It is part of Cold Desert (biosphere reserve) . Steeped in historical and present day Buddhist Tibetan culture , the area has many Tibetan Buddhist influences, evident architecturally in monasteries and stupas , and in
50-897: A gestation of 240–250 days in August to November. The peak is in September and October in Kanha National Park . They give birth to single calves. When alarmed, they give out shrill, baying alarm calls. Compared to other deer species, barasingha are more relaxed when it comes to guarding. They have fewer sentries and they spend most of their time grazing, unlike deer species like spotted deer or sambar deer. The swamp deer populations outside protected areas and seasonally migrating populations are threatened by poaching for antlers and meat, which are sold in local markets. Swamp deer lost most of its former range because wetlands were converted and used for agriculture so that suitable habitat
75-491: A biosphere reserve and Elephant reserve Successful conservation programs for the blackbuck , wolf and lesser florican , bustard popular trekking and ecotourism destination National Parks not under the administration of the Government of India Pakistan-administered Kashmir Pakistan-administered Kashmir Pakistan-administered Kashmir Pakistan-administered Kashmir Pakistan-administered Kashmir It
100-401: A head-to-body length of nearly 6 ft (180 cm). Its hair is rather woolly and yellowish brown above but paler below, with white spots along the spine. The throat, belly, inside of the thighs and beneath the tail is white. In summer, the coat becomes bright rufous-brown. The neck is maned. Females are paler than males. Young are spotted. Average antlers measure 30 in (76 cm) round
125-777: Is further reduced and fragmented, due to major losses in the 1930s–1960s following unregulated hunting and conversion of large tracts of habitat into cropland. In Nepal, they can be primarily found in the western areas of the country, south of the Himalayas , in Shuklaphanta and Bardiya National Parks . Within India, barasingha can be found in six localities in Uttar Pradesh . They are found in Kanha National Park , in Madhya Pradesh , and have also been observed across
150-1023: Is part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve Invasive Alien Species - Lantana bush, Parthenium Moist deciduous forest valleys and scrubland on higher areas Tiger , sloth bear , peacock , elephant , sambar deer , mouse deer , Leopard , Baboons , Reptiles , Asiatic Elephants , Lion , Birds , Butterflies , Nilgai , Wilddogs , Jackals , Wolves , Hyenas , Giraffe .Etc. Herbivores - chital, sambar deer, barking deer , four-horned antelope , gaur, wild boar , and Indian elephant. Other mammals - gray langur , bonnet macaque , jungle cat , leopard cat , slender loris , small Indian civet and Asian palm civet , Indian brown mongoose and stripe-necked mongoose , European otter , Indian giant flying squirrel , Indian giant squirrel , porcupine , golden jackal , chevrotain , hare and Indian pangolin Anamudi ,
175-663: The Mullaperiyar Dam was erected in 1895. The park is made up of tropical evergreen and moist deciduous forests , grasslands and stands of eucalyptus Home to the largest population of lion-tailed macaques Famous for " Save Silent Valley " movement National Parks not under the administration of the Government of India Gaurs reintroduced from Kanha National Park Panpatha wildlife sanctuary Balaghat district Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests ecoregion In 2022, Asian forest tortoises (Manouria emys) were reintroduced into Ntangki National Park in collaboration with
200-492: The Wildlife Protection Act and Project Tiger in 1973 to safeguard the habitats of conservation reliant species and currently there are 106 national parks in India. Further legislation strengthening protection for wildlife was introduced in the 1980s. There are 106 existing national parks in India covering an area of 44,402.95 km which is 1.35% of the geographical area of the country. In addition to
225-466: The antlers carry more than three tines . Because of this distinctive character it is designated bārah-singgā , meaning "twelve-horned" in Hindi . Mature stags usually have 10 to 14 tines, and some have been known to have up to 20. In Assamese , barasingha is called dolhorina ; dol meaning swamp. The barasingha is a large deer with a shoulder height of 44 to 46 in (110 to 120 cm) and
250-554: The red giant flying squirrel characterized by montane grasslands and shrublands interspersed with sholas Also a tiger sanctuary under Project Tiger Report titled ‘Status of Tigers Co-predators and Prey in India’, released by the Union Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change for 2018-19 revealed that national park has 14 tigers per 100 square kilometers which is highest in India. Dhikala grasslands To
275-661: The swamp deer , is a deer species distributed in the Indian subcontinent . Populations in northern and central India are fragmented, and two isolated populations occur in southwestern Nepal . It has been extirpated in Pakistan and Bangladesh , and its presence is uncertain in Bhutan . The specific name commemorates the French naturalist Alfred Duvaucel . The swamp deer differs from all other Indian deer species in that
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#1732798808143300-602: The Turtle Survival Alliance and Wildlife Conservation Society India Gahirmatha Beach and Marine Sanctuary are to the east, separating the swamp region and mangroves from the Bay of Bengal It is UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves Ramsar Wetland It is an important biodiversity area in the Northern Aravalli leopard and wildlife corridor Rodents include the Indian giant squirrel and
325-577: The Upper Narmada Valley and to the south, in Bastar , prior to the 19th century. They frequent flat or undulating grasslands , floodplains and marshes, and generally stay on the outskirts of forests. At times, they are also found in open forest. In the 1960s, the total population was estimated to be between 1,600-2,150 individuals in India, with about 1,600 in Nepal . Today, the distribution
350-608: The above, 75 other National Parks covering an area of 16,608 km (6,412 sq mi) are proposed in the Protected Area Network Report. The network of parks will go up 176 after full implementation of the above report. Source: The park is also a butterfly hotspot. . UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985 Largest population of Indian Rhinoceros, wild water buffalo and Eastern Swamp Deer|| Indian rhinoceros , Royal Bengal Tiger , Wild water buffalo , Asian elephant , Eastern Swamp Deer Also
375-406: The curve with a girth of 5 in (13 cm) at mid beam. A record antler measured 104.1 cm (41.0 in) round the curve. Stags weigh 170 to 280 kg (370 to 620 lb). Females are less heavy, weighing about 130 to 145 kg (287 to 320 lb). Large stags have weighed from 460 to 570 lb (210 to 260 kg). Swamp deer were once-common in many areas, including parts of
400-540: The daily living of its residents and lamas . Pin Valley National Park, with an area of 675 square kilometres (261 sq mi) was established by India in 1987. The park is located in the desert habitat of the Spiti Valley , within the Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve , in the Himalayas region. Spreading south of Dhankar Gompa near the Tibetan border, the park marks the border between
425-488: The day with peaks during the mornings and late afternoons to evenings. In winter and monsoon, they drink water twice, and thrice or more in summer. In the hot season, they rest in the shade of trees during the day. In central India, the herds comprise on average about 8–20 individuals, with large herds of up to 60. There are twice as many females than males. During the rut they form large herds of adults. The breeding season lasts from September to April, and births occur after
450-598: The formerly separate districts of Lahaul and Spiti. The elevation of the park ranges from about 3,500 metres (11,500 ft) near Ka Dogri to more than 6,000 metres (20,000 ft) at its highest point. With its snow laden unexplored higher reaches and slopes, the Park forms a natural habitat for a number of endangered animals including the Snow Leopards Siberian ibex , Bharal (Himalayan blue sheep), Red Fox, Weasel, Marten, Pika and others. Because of
475-480: The highest peak of western ghats, is located here Vegetation - Rolling grasslands, with shola forests in upper parts lion-tailed macaques , gaur , Indian muntjac and sambar deer It is a part of Palani hills Keystone species - Nilgiri Marten Located high in the Cardamom Hills and Pandalam Hills of the south Western Ghats The sanctuary surrounds Periyar Lake, a reservoir that formed when
500-728: The park's high altitude and extreme temperatures, the vegetation density is sparse, consisting mostly of alpine trees and groves of Himalayan cedar ( Cedrus deodara ) . In summer, birds such as the Himalayan snowcock , chukar partridge , snow partridge , finches and choughs flourish in the park. Some plants within the park's alpine habitats have significant medicinal properties. Twenty-two rare and endangered medicinal plant species, have been discovered in and around Pin Valley National Park, which are distributed over 10 different habitat types. Aconitum rotundifolium, Arnebia euchroma, Ephedra gerardiana, Ferula jaeschkeana, Hyoscymus niger are
525-1054: The south-west, the Chilapata Forests form an elephant corridor to the Jaldapara Wildlife Sanctuary The fragile "Terai Eco-System" constitutes a part of this reserve Buxa, serves as an international corridor for Asian elephant migration between India and Bhutan Rajabhatkhawa Vulture Breeding Centre was established by Bombay Natural History Society to emulate the success of Jatayu Conservation Breeding Centre, Pinjore Eurasian griffon , Amur falcon Endangered species include leopard cat , Bengal florican , regal python , Chinese pangolin , hispid hare , hog deer lesser adjutant , white-rumped vulture , slender-billed vulture , chestnut-breasted partridge , rufous necked hornbill , ferruginous pochard and great hornbill Ramsar site Tiger reserve Eastern swamp deer The barasingha ( Rucervus duvaucelii ), sometimes barasinghe , also known as
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#1732798808143550-590: The state border in Chhattisgarh (near to Dhamtari ), likely the most southerly extent of their distribution. They are regionally extinct in West Bengal , and are also likely extirpated from Arunachal Pradesh , Bihar , Jharkhand , Meghalaya , Nagaland and Odisha . A few barasingha still survive in Assam's Kaziranga and Manas National Parks . In 2005, a small population of about 320 individuals
575-473: The threatened but medicinally important plants occur in this national park. National parks of India National parks in India are International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) category II protected areas . India's first national park was established in 1936, now known as Jim Corbett National Park , in Uttarakhand . In 1970, India had only five national parks. In 1972, India enacted
600-698: Was discovered in the Jhilmil Jheel Conservation Reserve in Haridwar district , Uttarakhand , on the east bank of the Ganges . This likely represents the most northerly limit of the species. Three subspecies are currently recognized: Swamp deer are mainly grazers . They largely feed on grasses and aquatic plants, foremost on Saccharum , Imperata cylindrica , Narenga porphyrocoma , Phragmites karka , Oryza rufipogon , Hygroryza and Hydrilla . They feed throughout
625-443: Was reduced to small and isolated fragments. The remaining habitat in protected areas is threatened by the change in river dynamics, reduced water flow during summer, increasing siltation , and is further degraded by local people who cut grass, timber and fuelwood, and by illegal farming on government land. George Schaller wrote: "Most of these remnants have or soon will have reached the point of no return." Rucervus duvaucelii
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