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44-595: Pingla is a village in the Pingla CD block in the Kharagpur subdivision of the Paschim Medinipur district in the state of West Bengal , India . Pingla is located at 22°16′18.9″N 87°35′08.4″E  /  22.271917°N 87.585667°E  / 22.271917; 87.585667 . Kharagpur subdivision, shown partly in the map alongside, mostly has alluvial soils, except in two CD blocks in

88-567: A notification issued under the said clause shall not be varied by any subsequent notification. Article 342 (1) The President may with respect to any State or Union Territory and where it is a State, after consultation with the Governor thereof by public notification, specify the tribes or tribal communities or parts of or groups within tribes or tribal communities which shall for the purpose of this Constitution be deemed to be Scheduled Tribes in relation to that State or Union Territory, as

132-493: A targeted flow of funds and associated benefits from the annual plan of states and Union Territories (UTs) in at least a proportion to the national SC population. Twenty-seven states and UTs with sizable SC populations are implementing the plan. Although the Scheduled Castes population according to the 2001 Census was 16.66 crores (16.23% of the total population), the allocations made through SCSP have been lower than

176-549: Is 11 km from the CD block headquarters. In 2013-14, Pingla CD block had 145 primary schools with 11,830 students, 6 middle schools with 400 students, 11 high schools with 6,371 students and 18 higher secondary schools with 18,935 students. Pingla CD block had 1 general college with 1,005 students, 1 technical / professional institutions with 100 students and 321 institutions for special and non-formal education with 12,373 students. The United Nations Development Programme considers

220-496: Is at Pingla. Gram panchayats of Pingla block/ panchayat samiti are: Kusumda, Jamna, Dhaneswarpur, Karkai, Maligram , Khirai, Gobardhanpur, Pindrui, Jalchak-I, Jalchak-II. According to the 2011 Census of India , Pingla CD block had a population of 194,809, all of it rural. There were 99,988 (51%) males and 94,821 (49%) females. Population in the age range 0–6 years was 22,719. Scheduled Castes numbered 16,428 (8.43%) and Scheduled Tribes numbered 19,322 (9.92%). According to

264-583: Is bounded by Debra CD block in the north, Panskura and Moyna CD blocks, in Purba Medinipur district, in the east, Sabang CD block in the south and Kharagpur II CD block in the west. It is located 36 km from Midnapore , the district headquarters. Pingla CD block has an area of 224.48 km . It has 1 panchayat samity , 10 gram panchayats , 142 gram sansads (village councils), 182 mouzas and 175 inhabited villages. Pingla police station serves this block. Headquarters of this CD block

308-545: The Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) Order, 1950 lists 744 tribes across 22 states in its First Schedule. Since the independence of India, the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes were given Reservation status , guaranteeing political representation, preference in promotion, quota in universities, free and stipended education, scholarships, banking services, various government schemes and the Constitution lays down

352-481: The Paschim Medinipur district of West Bengal is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Pingla (community development block) Pingla CD block is a flood-prone area affected by water-logging, leading to loss of crops. In this block, 100% of the cultivated area has highly productive alluvial soil. Pingla is located at 22°16′19″N 87°35′08″E  /  22.27191°N 87.58568°E  / 22.27191; 87.58568 . Pingla CD block

396-1097: The 2001 census, Pingla block had a total population of 170,792, out of which 88,251 were males and 82,541 were females. Pingla block registered a population growth of 14.25 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for the combined Midnapore district was 14.87 per cent. Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.45 per cent. Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in Pingla CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Pingla (5,253), Khirai (6,427), Maligram (11,337), Pindrui (4,384), Dangalsa (5,190) and Jalchak (6,793). Other villages in Pingla CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Gobardhanpur (3,665), Karkai (3,113), Dhaneshwarpur Uttar Bar (539), Dhaneshwarpur Madhyabar (1,247), Dhaneshwarpur Jamua (152), Dhaneswarour Paikan Uttar Bar (697), Dhaneshwarpur Paikan Dakhin Bar (270), Dhaneshwarpur Paschim Bar (1,852), Jamna (3,336), Karkai (3,113) and Raj Ballabh (819). According to

440-463: The 2011 census Hindus formed 85.61% of the population in Pingla CD block. Muslims formed 14.29% of the population. Others formed 0.10% of the population. Others include Addi Bassi, Marang Boro, Santal, Saranath, Sari Dharma, Sarna, Alchchi, Bidin, Sant, Saevdharm, Seran, Saran, Sarin, Kheria, Christian and other religious communities. In 2001, Hindus were 87.20% and Muslims 12.38% of the population respectively. Languages of Pingla CD block (2011) At

484-435: The 2011 census the total number of literate persons in Pingla CD block was 143,882 (83.57% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 79,657 (90.22% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 64,165 (76.57% of the female population over 6 years). The gender gap in literacy rates was 13.65%. See also – List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate Primary Census Abstract Data In

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528-855: The British-administered provinces. After independence the Constituent Assembly continued the prevailing definition of Scheduled Castes and Tribes, giving (via articles 341 and 342) the president of India and governors of the states a mandate to compile a full listing of castes and tribes (with the power to edit it later, as required). The complete list of castes and tribes was made via two orders: The Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order, 1950 and The Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) Order, 1950 , respectively. Which are derived from colonial list and first updated in Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Lists (Modification) Order, 1956. Furthermore, independent India's quest for inclusivity

572-540: The CD Block. Persons engaged in agriculture in Pingla CD block Although the Bargadari Act of 1950 recognised the rights of bargadars to a higher share of crops from the land that they tilled, it was not implemented fully. Large tracts, beyond the prescribed limit of land ceiling, remained with the rich landlords. From 1977 onwards major land reforms took place in West Bengal. Land in excess of land ceiling

616-469: The Government of India refrains from using derogatory and anthropologically incorrect terms. Instead, it uses the terms Anusuchit Jati (Scheduled Caste) and Anusuchit Janjati (Scheduled Tribe), as defined by the Constitution of India , for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. In September 2018, the government "issued an advisory to all private satellite channels asking them to refrain from using

660-565: The Scheduled Tribes is defined as: Such tribes or tribal communities or part of or groups within such tribes or tribal communities as are deemed under Article 342 to the Scheduled Tribes for the purposes of this [Indian] Constitution. Article 341 (1) The President may with respect to any State or Union Territory and where it is a State after consultation with the Governor thereof, by public notification specify

704-636: The Varna system. Since the 1850s, these communities were loosely referred to as Depressed Classes, with the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. The early 20th century saw a flurry of activity in the British authorities assessing the feasibility of responsible self-government for India. The Morley–Minto Reforms Report , Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms Report and the Simon Commission were several initiatives in this context. A highly contested issue in

748-412: The case may be. (2) Parliament may by law include in or exclude from the list of Scheduled Tribes specified in a notification issued under clause any tribe or tribal community or part of or group within any tribe or tribal community, but save as aforesaid a notification issued under the said clause shall not be varied by any subsequent notification. In a broader sense, the term 'Scheduled' refers to

792-470: The castes, races or tribes or parts of or groups within castes, races or tribes which shall for the purposes of this Constitution be deemed to be Scheduled Castes in relation to that State or Union Territory, as the case may be. (2) Parliament may by law include in or exclude from the list of Scheduled Castes specified in a notification issued under clause of any caste, race or tribe or part of or group within any caste, race or tribe, but save as aforesaid

836-1017: The combined primary and secondary enrolment ratio as the simple indicator of educational achievement of the children in the school going age. The infrastructure available is important. In Pingla CD block out of the total 145 primary schools in 2008-2009, 22 had pucca buildings, 64 partially pucca, 16 kucha and 43 multiple type. Pingla Thana Mahavidyalaya is a co-educational college established in 1965 at Maligram . Affiliated to Vidyasagar University , it offers honours courses in Bengali, English, Sanskrit, history, philosophy, political science, geography, education, physics, chemistry, mathematics and botany. The Pingla CD block has several heritage temples. In 2014, Pingla CD block had 1 rural hospital, 3 primary health centres and 1 private nursing home with total 57 beds and 10 doctors. It had 29 family welfare sub centres and 1 family welfare centre. 3,554 patients were treated indoor and 100,276 patients were treated outdoor in

880-568: The commission established by the Ministry of Welfare's Resolution of 1989. In 2003, the Constitution was again amended to divide the National Commission for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes into two commissions: the National Commission for Scheduled Castes and the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes. Due to the spread of Christianity and Islam among scheduled caste communities, the converted individuals are not protected under

924-407: The derogatory nomenclature 'Dalit', though rights groups and intellectuals have come out against any shift from 'Dalit' in popular usage". The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes comprise about 16.6% and 8.6%, respectively, of India's population (according to the 2011 census ). The Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order, 1950 lists 1,108 castes across 28 states in its First Schedule, and

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968-414: The general principles of positive discrimination for SCs and STs.   As per Article 366 (24) of Constitution of India the Scheduled Castes is defined as: Such castes , races or tribes or part of or groups within such castes, races or tribes as are deemed under Article 341 to be Scheduled Castes for the purpose of this [Indian] constitution. As per Article 366 (25) of Constitution of India

1012-574: The government on broad policy issues and the development levels of SCs and STs. Now it is included in Article 342. In 1990, Article 338 was amended for the National Commission for SCs and STs with the Constitution (Sixty fifth Amendment) Bill, 1990 . The first commission under the 65th Amendment was constituted in March 1992, replacing the Commissioner for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes and

1056-478: The hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD block. Pingla Rural Hospital, with 30 beds at Pingla , is the major Government medical facility in the Pingla CD block. There are primary health centres at: Jalchak (with 10 beds), Harma (PO Gobardhanpur) (with 6 beds) and Boalia (PO Dhaneswarpur) (with 6 beds) Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes are officially designated groups of people and among

1100-707: The larger community, and overall backwardness. The scheduling process refers back to the definitions of communities used in the colonial census along with modern anthropological study and is guided by Article 341 and 342 . Per the first clause of Article 341 and 342 , the list of Scheduled communities is subject to specific state and union territory , with area restrictions to districts , subdistricts , and tehsils . Furthermore, members of Scheduled Communities are entitled based on religious criteria: Scheduled Castes must be adherents of Hinduism , Sikhism , or Buddhism , whereas Scheduled Tribes can belong to any religion to be recognized as Scheduled. The evolution of

1144-419: The legal list of specific castes and tribes of the states and union territories, as enacted in the Constitution of India , with the purpose of social justice by ensuring social security, and providing adequate representation in education, employment, and governance to promote their upliftment and integration into mainstream society. The process of including and excluding communities, castes, or tribes to/from

1188-520: The list of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes adheres to certain silent criteria and procedures established by the Lokur committee in 1965. For Scheduled Castes (SCs), the criteria involve extreme social, educational, and economic backwardness resulting from the practice of untouchability . On the other hand, Scheduled Tribes (STs) are identified based on indications of primitive traits, distinctive culture, geographical isolation, shyness of contact with

1232-666: The lower caste into the modern-day Scheduled Castes is complex. The caste system as a stratification of classes in India originated about 2,000 years ago, and has been influenced by dynasties and ruling elites, including the Mughal Empire and the British Raj. The Hindu concept of Varna historically incorporated occupation-based communities. Some low-caste groups, such as those formerly called untouchables who constitute modern-day Scheduled Castes, were considered outside

1276-504: The main winter crop, from 17,429 hectares, 2,738 tonnes of Aus paddy (summer crop) from 1,372 hectares, 44,560 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 14,225 hectares, 53 tonnes of wheat from 24 hectares, 14,027 tonnes of Jute from 983 hectares and 38 tonnes of potatoes from 2 hectares. It also produced pulses and oilseeds. In 2013-14, Pingla CD block had offices of 6 commercial banks and 2 gramin banks . Pingla CD block has 24 originating/ terminating bus routes. The nearest railway station

1320-613: The most disadvantaged socio-economic groups in India . The terms are recognized in the Constitution of India and the groups are designated in one or other of the categories. For much of the period of British rule in the Indian subcontinent , they were known as the Depressed Classes. In modern literature, many castes under the Scheduled Castes category are sometimes referred to as Dalit , meaning "broken" or "dispersed" for

1364-564: The nett cropped area in Pingla CD block was 18,600 hectares out of the total geographical area of 21,948 hectares and the area in which more than one crop was grown was 18,377 hectares. The extension of irrigation has played a role in growth of the predominantly agricultural economy. In 2013-14, the total area irrigated in Pingla CD block was 13,170 hectares, out of which 2,000 hectares were irrigated by tank water, 10,400 hectares by deep tubewells and 770 hectares by other methods. In 2013-14, Pingla CD block produced 36,526 tonnes of Aman paddy ,

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1408-646: The president. Seventeen regional offices of the Commissioner were established throughout the country. There was an initiative to replace the Commissioner with a committee in the 48th Amendment to the Constitution, changing Article 338. While the amendment was being debated, the Ministry of Welfare established the first committee for SCs and STs (with the functions of the Commissioner) in August 1978. These functions were modified in September 1987 to include advising

1452-498: The proportional population. A strange factor has emerged of extremely lowered fertility of scheduled castes in Kerala , due to land reform, migrating ( Kerala Gulf diaspora ) and democratization of education. In the original Constitution, Article 338 provided for a special officer (the Commissioner for SCs and STs) responsible for monitoring the implementation of constitutional and legislative safeguards for SCs and STs and reporting to

1496-554: The proposed reforms was the reservation of seats for representation of the Depressed Classes in provincial and central legislatures. In 1935, the UK Parliament passed the Government of India Act 1935 , designed to give Indian provinces greater self-rule and set up a national federal structure. The reservation of seats for the Depressed Classes was incorporated into the act, which came into force in 1937. The Act introduced

1540-578: The safeguards built into the Constitution and other legislation, the Constitution under Articles 338 and 338A provides for two constitutional commissions: the National Commission for Scheduled Castes , and the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes . The chairpersons of both commissions sit ex officio on the National Human Rights Commission . The Constitution provides a three-pronged strategy to improve

1584-401: The situation of SCs and STs: The Scheduled Castes Sub-Plan (SCSP) of 1979 mandated a planning process for the social, economic and educational development of Scheduled Castes and improvement in their working and living conditions. It was an umbrella strategy, ensuring the flow of targeted financial and physical benefits from the general sector of development to the Scheduled Castes. It entailed

1628-581: The subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map. As per 2011 Census of India Pingla had a total population of 5,253 of which 2,639 (50%) were males and 2,614 (50%) were females. Population below 6 years was 665. The total number of literates in Pingla was 3,538 (67.35% of the population over 6 years). The headquarters of Pingla CD block are located at Pingla. Pingla police station has jurisdiction over Pingla CD Block. Pingla Thana Mahavidyalaya , located at Maligram ,

1672-538: The term "Scheduled Castes", defining the group as "such castes, parts of groups within castes, which appear to His Majesty in Council to correspond to the classes of persons formerly known as the 'Depressed Classes', as His Majesty in Council may prefer". This discretionary definition was clarified in The Government of India (Scheduled Castes) Order, 1936 , which contained a list (or Schedule) of castes throughout

1716-1268: The time of the 2011 census, 91.07% of the population spoke Bengali , 4.16% Santali , 2.79% Hindi and 1.17% Urdu as their first language. In Pingla CD block 50.51% families were living below poverty line in 2007. According to the District Human Development Report of Paschim Medinipur: The 29 CD blocks of the district were classified into four categories based on the poverty ratio. Nayagram, Binpur II and Jamboni CD blocks have very high poverty levels (above 60%). Kharagpur I, Kharagpur II, Sankrail, Garhbeta II, Pingla and Mohanpur CD blocks have high levels of poverty (50-60%), Jhargram, Midnapore Sadar, Dantan I, Gopiballavpur II, Binpur I, Dantan II, Keshiari, Chandrakona I, Gopiballavpur I, Chandrakona II, Narayangarh, Keshpur, Ghatal, Sabang, Garhbeta I, Salboni, Debra and Garhbeta III CD blocks have moderate levels of poverty (25-50%) and Daspur II and Daspur I CD blocks have low levels of poverty (below 25%). 175 or 96% of mouzas in Pingla CD block were electrified by 31 March 2014. 175 mouzas in Pingla CD block had drinking water facilities in 2013-14. There were 113 fertiliser depots, 124 seed stores and 38 fair price shops in

1760-483: The untouchables. The term having been popularised by the Dalit leader B. R. Ambedkar during the independence struggle. Ambedkar preferred the term Dalit over Gandhi 's term Harijan , meaning "people of Hari " ( lit.   ' Man of God ' ). Similarly, the Scheduled Tribes are often referred to as Adivasi (earliest inhabitants), Vanvasi (inhabitants of forest) and Vanyajati (people of forest). However,

1804-406: The west – Kharagpur I and Keshiary, which mostly have lateritic soils. Around 74% of the total cultivated area is cropped more than once. With a density of population of 787 per kmnearly half of the district’s population resides in this subdivision. 14.33% of the population lives in urban areas and 86.67% lives in the rural areas. Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in

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1848-446: Was acquired and distributed amongst the peasants. Following land reforms land ownership pattern has undergone transformation. In 2013-14, persons engaged in agriculture in Pingla CD block could be classified as follows: bargadars 3.75%, patta (document) holders 26.70%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 3.29%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 19.35% and agricultural labourers 46.90%. In 2005-06

1892-431: Was incident through the appointment of B. R. Ambedkar as the chairman of the drafting committee for the Constitution. Ambedkar was a scheduled caste constitutional lawyer, a member of the low caste. After 15 years since the first amendment listing Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, the government adopted updated criteria for inclusion and exclusion based on the Lokur committee report of 1965. To effectively implement

1936-462: Was set up in 1965. It is affiliated to Vidyasagar University and as of 2016 offers undergraduate courses in Humanities, Commerce and Science. Post-graduate programme in Bengali was added in 2014-15 and efforts are on to add PG programme in commerce. Pingla Rural Hospital, with 30 beds at Pingla, is the major Government medical facility in the Pingla CD block. This article about a location in

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