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32-541: It was launched on 1 January 1989. It is Germany's second-largest privately owned television company. Although ProSieben produces some of its programming itself, it also airs many American imports. On 3 May 2012, the network launched a pay-TV channel called ProSieben Fun. A third channel called ProSieben Maxx started broadcasting on 3 September 2013. The three different feeds of the channel are: ProSieben (for Germany), ProSieben Austria (for Austria), and ProSieben Schweiz (for Switzerland and Liechtenstein). The main difference

64-509: A subsidiary called Teledirekt GmbH to promote the spread of satellite technology in Germany. In 1992, although ProSieben was still losing money, it co-founded a special-interest channel, Der Kabelkanal , with German Bundespost TELEKOM . ProSieben held a 45% share. Since initially the channel could only be received via cable connection , the channel helped attract new customers to for Telekom's cable television network. In 1995, ProSieben bought

96-531: A combined slot in Switzerland, which was cancelled after seven months in the spring of 2000. In Austria, there is a program slot on ProSieben Austria, Sat.1 Österreich and kabel eins Austria, which has been continuously expanded. In cooperation with the Austrian station Puls 4 , the three-hour morning show Café Puls has been broadcast on all three stations since 2004. On 7 July 1997, ProSieben went public,

128-916: A family are not necessarily identical. For example, of the Astra 2 satellites; Astra 2A and Astra 2C were BSS 601HPs , Astra 2B an Astrium Eurostar E2000+ , Astra 2D a BSS 376 and Astra 2E , Astra 2F and Astra 2G are all Eurostar E3000s . The satellites have been launched by Arianespace by Ariane launch vehicles from Kourou , French Guiana , International Launch Services (ILS) Proton launch vehicles from Baikonur , Kazakhstan , ILS Atlas launch vehicles from Cape Canaveral , Florida , United States and SpaceX Falcon 9 Block 5 rockets also from Cape Canaveral . The satellites are launched into an elliptical "temporary transfer orbit" from where they use onboard propulsion to reach their final circular geostationary orbits , at nearly 36,000 km (22,000 mi) altitude. Proton launch vehicles fitted with

160-469: A fourth stage propulsion unit are capable of launching the satellites several thousand kilometres higher (at the closest point of the elliptical orbit) than Ariane launch vehicles, and so most satellites launched in this way use less fuel to reach their geostationary orbit. More recent Astra satellites are built with an all-electric propulsion system for orbit raising and in-orbit manoeuvres to save weight. The Sirius series of satellites (not connected with

192-495: A profit for the first time. In 1994, ProSieben started a teletext service. On 24 October 1994, it started using a new station identity and logo. Turnover in 1994 was DM 1.192 billion (now about €786 million) and pre-tax profit was DM 144 million (today about €95 million). On 19 December 1995, ProSieben Television GmbH was transformed into a joint-stock company called ProSieben Television AG (after 1996 ProSieben Media AG, since 2000 ProSiebenSat.1 Media AG). Thomas Kirch remained

224-407: Is also used to describe the pan-European broadcasting system provided by these satellites, the channels carried on them, and even the reception equipment. At the time of the launch of the first Astra satellite, Astra 1A in 1988, the satellite's operator was known as Société Européenne des Satellites ("European Satellite Company"). In 2001 SES Astra , a newly formed subsidiary of SES , operated

256-520: Is that they have different advertisements and news for each target country. The channel uses an English slogan: "We love to entertain you." ProSieben broadcasts from the Astra 1L and 3A satellites and is uplinked by MX1 (now part of SES Video ). On 13 October 1988, ProSieben Television GmbH was founded as a successor to Eureka TV. The founding partners were Gerhard Ackermans (51%) and Thomas Kirch (49%). Shortly after, Kirch took complete control of

288-589: Is the managing director of ProSieben. After 2003, the ProSiebenSat.1 Media belonged to a group of investors surrounding Haim Saban . In 2005, Axel Springer SE wanted to take over ProSieben for about €2.2 billion, which would have created the third-largest media group in Europe. This purchase, however, at the end of 2005 / beginning of 2006 was not authorized by the Federal Cartel Office and

320-566: The SBS Broadcasting Group , for €3.3 billion and financed the acquisition largely through loans. The average age of the viewers is 37.4 years (as of 2016). Astra (satellite) Astra is the brand name for a number of geostationary communication satellites , both individually and as a group, which are owned and operated by SES , a global satellite operator based in Betzdorf , in eastern Luxembourg . The name

352-546: The Astra satellites and in September 2011, SES Astra was consolidated back into the parent company, which by this time also operated other satellite families such as AMC , and NSS . Astra satellites broadcast 2,600 digital television channels (675 in high definition ) via five main satellite orbital positions to households across Asia , Australia , Africa , Americas , Europe , New Zealand , Middle East and North Africa . The satellites have been instrumental in

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384-540: The Commission on Concentration in the Media. On 31 January 2006, Springer finally announced the failure of the takeover. Saban stuck to the intention to sell the channel. On 14 December 2006, the investment companies KKR and Permira took over a majority shares (50.5%) of the stock capital of ProSiebenSat.1 Media AG and became new majority shareholder. In 2007, through the initiative of KKR and Permira, ProSieben bought

416-480: The FSS Africa beam) owned and operated by SES Sirius . From June 2010, the Astra 4A designation has applied to the entire satellite previously known as Sirius 4. Astra 1K , the largest commercial communications satellite ever built at the time, was ordered by SES in 1997. It was launched by Proton rocket on 26 November 2002. The launch vehicle lifted off as planned and reached its parking orbit at which point

448-546: The French Space Agency CNES to deorbit the satellite, it broke up on re-entry over the Pacific Ocean . On 16 January 2009, Astra 5A at Astra 31.5°E "experienced a technical anomaly leading to the end of the spacecraft's mission", some four years ahead of the spacecraft's expected end of life. Traffic carried by the satellite (especially channels for German cable service, Kabel Deutschland )

480-610: The North American Sirius Satellite Radio service) was started in 1993 with the purchase of the BSB Marcopolo 1 satellite (renamed Sirius 1) by Nordic Satellite AB (NSAB) for direct to home broadcasts to the Nordic and Baltic regions from the 5°East orbital position . Subsequent satellites launched to this location include Sirius 2 (1997), Sirius 3 (1998) and Sirius 4 (2007) and

512-703: The ProSieben subsidiary SevenSenses was established, to which in June 2004 merged with the SZM Studios to create the ProSiebenSat.1 Produktion GmbH. On 13 October 2000, 12 years after the founding of ProSieben, the first shares from ProSiebenSat.1 Media AG were traded at the Frankfurt Stock Exchange . In the following month, the merger of the marketing companies occurred between Media Group Munich (ProSieben) and MEDIA 1, creating SevenOne Media. With

544-512: The affiliate company was renamed SES Astra and the Sirius 4 satellite renamed Astra 4A . The Astra 4A designation was originally given in 2005 to part of the NSS-10 craft (33 transponders) owned by another subsidiary of SES , SES New Skies , and positioned at 37.5°W for broadcast, data, and telecommunications into Africa, and in 2007 to part of the Sirius 4 satellite (six transponders of

576-533: The channel outright and renamed it Kabel 1 , and began broadcasting it on the SES Astra satellite. In July 1992 MGM Media Gruppe München ( ProSiebenSat.1 Media today) was established. It was responsible for selling advertising on ProSieben channels. On 24 September 1993, SZM Studios (broadcasting center in Munich, since June 2004: ProSiebenSat.1 Produktion GmbH) was inaugurated. At the end of 1993, ProSieben made

608-523: The channel. On 1 January 1989, ProSieben began broadcasting nine hours of programming a day from Munich . The CEO was Georg Kofler from South Tyrol . ProSieben had 70 employees at that time and claimed to reach 2.44 million viewers. The station began broadcasting on the DFS Kopernikus satellite in July 1989. Broadcasting hours were gradually increased to 17 hours a day. ProSieben was also awarded

640-496: The country with take-up of other TV delivery methods as follows: Puls 4 Puls 4 ( Puls vier ) is a terrestrial television channel in Austria . As its name implies, it is the fourth Austrian-wide full-service television channel, behind ORF eins , ORF 2 , and ATV . Puls 4 began as a local Vienna television station called "Puls TV". In 2007, ProSiebenSat.1 Media took over the station outright. On 28 January 2008, with

672-583: The establishment of satellite TV and the introduction of digital TV , HDTV , 3D TV , and Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV (HbbTV) in Europe. A book, High Above , telling the story of the creation and development of the Astra satellites and their contribution to developments in the European TV and media industry, was published in April 2010 to mark the 25th anniversary of SES . There are 11 fully-operational Astra satellites and another 2 as backup/reserve,

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704-403: The final stage of the launch vehicle was to initiate a second burn to transfer the satellite to its geostationary orbit. This did not occur and the satellite was released into the parking orbit, making it unusable. The only way to recover the satellite would have been the use of a Space Shuttle , however this was rejected. On 10 December 2002, SES instructed Alcatel Space (the manufacturer) and

736-403: The first terrestrial frequency in Munich for a private broadcaster. Starting on 8 December 1989, the station was broadcast via Astra 1A satellite. On 1 March 1990, the television station moved from Munich-Schwabing to Unterföhring near Munich. At that time, ProSieben had 120 employees. ProSieben has broadcast its programs around the clock since 1 October 1990. In 1991, ProSieben created

768-458: The first transponders coming into use at the new position in the subsequent two weeks. At the end of 2021, Astra satellite broadcasts were received in 170 million households in Europe. In Germany, the largest market for Astra broadcasts, 17 million households receive TV via satellite (15.93 million receiving satellite channels in HD) out of 37.22 million TV households (33.76 million HD TV households) in

800-708: The main shareholder and the Rewe Group was a co-shareholder with 41.6 percent. The chairman was Georg Kofler. In 1996, ProSieben was granted a nationwide broadcast license and launched its Internet site. That same year, ProSieben bought AT & TV Merchandising Concepts GmbH and Merchandising München KG. Sales rose to DM 1.69 billion. Wholly owned subsidiaries of Pro Sieben Media AG in 1998 (incomplete list): Advertising slots were added for Switzerland in 1997 and Austria in 1998. ProSieben Austria also had its own news broadcast (ProSieben Austria News, formerly ProSieben Austria TopNews). Together with RTL , ProSieben operated

832-544: The majority in four orbital locations - Astra 19.2°E , Astra 28.2°E , Astra 23.5°E , Astra 5°E . Astra's principle of "co-location" (several satellites are maintained close to each other, all within a cube with a size of 150 km (93 mi). ) increases flexibility and redundancy. Astra satellites have been designed by Boeing Satellite Systems (formerly Hughes Space and Communications ), Airbus Defence and Space (formerly Astrium ), Alcatel Space , Lockheed Martin and Thales Alenia Space . The Astra satellites within

864-510: The majority shares of Sat.1 and ProSieben-Gruppe. On 1 February 2000, the Swiss business lawyer Urs Rohner was appointed CEO of ProSieben; Georg Kofler, who was the CEO of ProSieben since its inception, resigned from the company. Urs Rohner had no experience in the television business. He was appointed at the request of Leo Kirch to legally secure the fusion between Sat.1 and ProSieben. In March 2000,

896-627: The merger came the founding of the ProSieben Television GmbH, which operates the ProSieben television station. Managing director of ProSieben was Nicolas Paalzow in 2000. He was succeeded in May 2004 by Dejan Jocic, who was then replaced in December 2005 by Andreas Bartl - who was previously CEO of kabel eins . In May 2008, Thilo Proff became chief of the station, followed by Jürgen Hörner (April 2011). Since August 2012, Wolfgang Link

928-586: The position's coverage has been expanded to include Eastern Europe and Africa . In 2000, SES (then SES Astra ) bought the 50% shareholding in NSAB owned by Teracom and Tele Danmark and in 2003 increased that holding to 75%, renaming the company SES Sirius AB. In 2008, Astra acquired further shares to take its shareholding in SES Sirius to 90% and in March 2010 took full control of the company. In June 2010,

960-471: The shares were oversubscribed 50-fold. This way a nonvoting preference was used to divide up the shares. A year later, the company was added to MDAX . Berlin brought the inauguration of the DM 12 million ProSieben building in 1998. Kirch Media AG held 58.4% of ProSieben Media AG in 1998. A news channel , N24 was started in 1999, it went on the air in early 2000. ProSieben wanted to compete with n-tv , which

992-421: Was transferred to Astra 23.5°E . In March 2009, SES (then SES Astra ) announced that in April, the Astra 2C satellite was to be moved from the Astra 28.2°E position to 31.5°E to temporarily take over Astra 5A's mission until Astra 3B is launched to Astra 23.5°E , when another craft currently there can be released to 31.5°E. The move of Astra 2C was started in May 2009 and completed on 11 May 2009, with

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1024-576: Was very popular, mainly because of the stock market boom , and enlarge its family of channels. N24 now has a bigger audience share than n-tv, but is no longer owned by the company. In 1998, ProSieben took over the news agency ddp. On 19 September 1999, ProSieben began broadcasting digital multichannel sound in Dolby Digital format. At the end of 1999, Thomas Kirch brought over his shares in KirchMedia , his father's company, which then made up

#21978