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86-590: Punjab University Law College (PULC) is a Public sector Law College of University of the Punjab , Canal Road (Quaid e Azam) Campus, Lahore . It is the oldest law institute in Pakistan which was established in 1868, 14 years before Punjab University itself. It was the first institute offering legal education to be established in a Muslim majority area of the Indian subcontinent . Since then, it has produced some of

172-469: A Bachelor of Arts , Bachelor of Science , Bachelor of Business Administration , Bachelor of Commerce and Bachelor of Social Work . In these programs, students are taught subjects associated with the additional non-law bachelor's degree during the first two years, in addition to standard legal subjects such as torts, contracts and constitutional law, such as social sciences for the Bachelor of Arts and

258-504: A college diploma for entry. Law schools that offer civil law BCL, LLB, or LLL degrees include McGill University , Université de Montréal , Université du Québec à Montréal , Université de Sherbrooke , Université Laval and the University of Ottawa . Because of Canada's dual system of laws, some law schools offer joint or dual degrees in common law and civil law: McGill University, Université de Montréal, Université de Sherbrooke and

344-529: A "broad-based" legal education. Some undergraduate programmes do not offer any optional coursework. Credits in English and Afrikaans are also often included. Along with Latin , these were, but are no longer, "subjects compelled by statute", and were typically entrance requirements for the LLB, having been studied as undergraduate modules. Similarly, Roman Law was previously a preliminary course, whereas, in both

430-400: A Canadian university with a Quebec civil law law school enabling students to obtain the home school's law degree in three years and the exchange school's law degree in the fourth year. In Hong Kong, three universities, including The University of Hong Kong , Chinese University of Hong Kong , and City University of Hong Kong , provide legal studies with both LLB degree or JD degree. The LLB

516-659: A JD degree. Yale graduates who received LLB degrees prior to 1971 were similarly permitted to change their degree to a JD, though many did not take the option, choosing to retain their LLB degrees. Before the degree was phased out, notable recipients of the LLB include former United States presidents Richard Nixon , Gerald Ford , and William Howard Taft ; former United States Supreme Court Justices Earl Warren , Anthony Kennedy , William Rehnquist , Ruth Bader Ginsburg , Thurgood Marshall , Sandra Day O'Connor and Stephen Breyer ; former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover ; American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner ; as well as

602-649: A President, General Secretary, Vice President and a core committee. A faculty member is also appointed as Patron-in-Chief of every society. These societies receive funding and their members serve for a one year period. Following are the official societies of PULC. Abid Hassan Minto (Former president of National Awami league) S.M. Zafar (President Pakistan's Supreme Court Bar Association 1979 , Chairman Human Rights Society of Pakistan & Cultural Association of Pakistan , Chancellor of Hamdard University ) Asma Jahangir (Human Rights Activist, co-founded Human Rights Commission of Pakistan , United Nations prize in

688-493: A bachelor's degree in any subject from a recognised institution. However, specialised universities of law known as National Law Universities solely devoted to legal education offer an undergraduate five-year law course for students that have completed Class XII from a recognised board of education in India. The five-year law course leads to an integrated honours degree combining the LLB degree with another bachelor's degree, such as

774-505: A civil law degree (LLL) on its own. A number of Canadian law schools allow holders of baccalaureate degrees in Quebec civil law to earn the LLB in common law in two or three semesters. Similarly, the University of Ottawa offers a one-year LLL programme in Quebec civil law for holders of an LLB or JD degree in common law from a Canadian law school. Additionally, some Canadian universities with common law law schools have an arrangement with

860-619: A combination of physical, life and applied sciences for the Bachelor of Science. In the latter three years of all these programmes, legal subjects dominate the curriculum. The first national law school was the National Law School of India University . This was followed by others, including the Nalsar University of Law and West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences . Today, many Indian universities offer five-year integrated BA LLB programmes similar to that of

946-640: A common law system from the British colonial period. However, unlike the United Kingdom and some other Commonwealth countries, Malaysia adopted the fused legal profession with legal practitioners acting both as solicitors and in a way "barristers" . Hence all are lawyers eligible and can be admitted to the High Court as a legal professional is entitled to be bestowed with the title "Advocate & Solicitor". This applies to both lawyers practising in

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1032-404: A comprehensive understanding of the legal system and its function. The LLB curriculum is designed to impart a thorough knowledge of legal principles, legal research skills, and a sound understanding of the roles and responsibilities of lawyers within society. This degree is often a prerequisite for taking bar exams or qualifying as a practising lawyer , depending on the jurisdiction. Additionally,

1118-503: A particular area of law, to an extent, by choosing from a range of optional courses. Some universities also require that students complete an experience based course ("Practical Legal Studies" / " Law clinic "); a credit comprising independent research exclusively is often offered as an elective, and at some universities is a degree requirement. Depending on university, the curriculum will comprise legal subjects exclusively, or may include humanities subjects so as to prepare graduates with

1204-530: A plural, especially from Latin, is often done by doubling the first letter (e.g., "pp." for "pages"). The bachelor's degree originated at the University of Paris, whose system was implemented with the Bachelor of Arts degree at Oxford and Cambridge. The "arts" designation of the degree traditionally signifies that the student has undertaken a certain amount of study of the classics. In continental Europe,

1290-438: A problem), aware publics (who recognize that they have a problem), and active publics (who do something about their problem). In public relations and communication theory, a public is distinct from a stakeholder or a market . A public is a subset of the set of stakeholders for an organization, that comprises those people concerned with a specific issue. Whilst a market has an exchange relationship with an organization, and

1376-488: A public has a more situational definition. John Dewey defined ( Dewey 1927 ) public as a group of people who, in facing a similar problem, recognize it and organize themselves to address it. Dewey's definition of a public is thus situational: people organized about a situation. Built upon this situational definition of a public is the situational theory of publics by James E. Grunig ( Grunig 1983 ), which talks of nonpublics (who have no problem), latent publics (who have

1462-474: A public is (in the words of Gabriel M. Vasquez, assistant professor in the School of Communication at the University of Houston ) a collection of "individuals that develop a group consciousness around a problematic situation and act to solve the problematic situations" ( Vasquez 1993 , pp. 209). Public schools are often under controversy for their "agenda-building," especially in debates over whether to teach

1548-500: A religious or secular curriculum. The promotion of an agenda is commonplace whenever one is in a public environment, but schools have exceptional power in that regard. One non-situational concept of a public is that of Kirk Hallahan, professor at Colorado State University , who defines a public as "a group of people who relate to an organization, who demonstrate varying degrees of activity—passivity, and who might (or might not) interact with others concerning their relationship with

1634-433: A result of the intersection of human persons , shared technologies, and their practices. LLB A Bachelor of Laws ( Latin : Legum Baccalaureus ; LL.B ) is an undergraduate law degree offered in most common law countries as the primary law degree and serves as the first professional qualification for legal practitioners. This degree requires the study of core legal subjects and jurisprudence to provide

1720-564: A rich and vibrant history. Many great lawyers and judges have been trained here. The Environmental Law Centre was established by the famous lawyer and environmentalist , Dr. Parvez Hassan (who is also the alumni of PULC), in order to improve the standard of the college, so, is also named after him. It consists of the Environmental Hall (also known as Begum Razia Hassan Auditorium), lecture halls , conference rooms , offices and embellished lawns . The centre has now become somewhat

1806-403: A second degree, the Bachelor of Laws (LLB), was awarded. The curriculum has since been changed and now only one four-year honours LLB degree is awarded. Some universities in the United Kingdom and New Zealand offer variations, which generally take four years to complete and include a wider range of topics as well as some degree of specialisation or the study of multiple jurisdictions, such as

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1892-409: A two years taught program combined with research was being offered during morning as well as evening hours. The following subjects were being offered to LL.M part 1 and 2 students: Constitutional Law, Administrative Law , Law of evidence , International Economic Law e.t.c. This research oriented LL.M. program required six days a week of library work, seminars, lectures and tutorials. The LLM programme

1978-458: A two-year LLB degree to graduates of subjects other than law. The University of Rajshahi is the first institute in South Asia to offer a bachelor's degree in law, originally offering the B. Jur. (Bachelor of Jurisprudence) beginning in 1970. Later on, the program was replaced with an LL. B (Hons.) program. Canada has two legal systems. The Province of Quebec uses a civil law system. At

2064-561: A university degree in admission decisions. When law degrees were required by the English bar and bar associations in other common law countries, the LLB became the uniform degree for lawyers in common law countries. In most common law countries (with the exceptions of all Canadian provinces except Quebec, and the United States), the Bachelor of Laws programme is generally entered directly after completion of secondary school. The LLB

2150-482: Is 4 years in length, while JD is 2 years. Students who have an LLB or JD degree, whether conferred by local universities or the accredited universities overseas, are eligible to apply for admission to PCLL , the legal qualification programme in Hong Kong. In India , legal education is traditionally offered as a three-year graduate degree conferring the title of Bachelor of Laws, requiring prospective students to have

2236-456: Is a postgraduate degree and is required to practice as a barrister in Ireland. At the University of Zimbabwe , the first degree in common law was the Bachelor of Laws (BL), which was equivalent to the LLB in other common law jurisdictions. It was followed by a one-year programme at the university (analogous to post-LLB vocational programmes in other common law jurisdictions) at the end of which

2322-554: Is an undergraduate course. In England and Wales it is also possible to study a programme for conversion called the Graduate Diploma in Law which allows entry to the legal profession following completion of a previous undergraduate degree unrelated to law, which entitles graduates to take the vocational courses for entry into the legal profession. Although Scotland has a mixed legal system, with both civil and common law influences,

2408-476: Is required to practise law in New Zealand. An LLB typically takes four years to complete, although it is often completed concurrently with another degree, such as a Bachelor of Commerce (B.Com.) or Bachelor of Arts (B.A.), with the combined completion time usually being five years. Most New Zealand universities allow graduates of other degrees to complete an LLB in three years. Six New Zealand universities offer

2494-521: Is the most preferred Law college for law aspirants in Pakistan. Although initially of three years the degree was extended to five years for an LLB beginning in 2016 under the Pakistan Bar Council Legal Education Rules, 2015. The degree of LL.B three years was changed to an integrated-five years BA.LLB. It was done to limit the massively increasing lawyers in Pakistan and to offer professional legal education to

2580-411: Is usually a passive entity that is created by the organization, public does not necessarily have an exchange relationship, and is both self-creating and self-organizing. Publics are targeted by public relations efforts. In this, target publics are those publics whose involvement is necessary for achieving organization goals; intervening publics are opinion formers and mediators, who pass information to

2666-497: The Juris Doctor as a graduate-entry degree. In Bangladesh, obtaining an LLB degree is a prerequisite for practising as an advocate in a court of law. Both LLB and LLB (Hons.) degrees are offered at public and private universities. Only seven public universities offer LLB (Hons.) degree. Some private universities also offer four-year LLB (Hons.) degrees and one-year LLM courses. The National University of Bangladesh also offers

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2752-553: The LL.B degree program was of two years. In 1964 however, under the directions of the High court of West Pakistan , the LL.B professional degree was extended to three years and in the same year, the college started to offer two Law courses at a time; B.L (Bachelor in law) a degree of two years and LL.B (Legum Baccalaureus) the traditional three year degree. In 1966 the B.L degree was cancelled and

2838-656: The LLM , which Oxford retains the BCL as a master's level course, equivalent to the LLM. Some universities in the UK including Bournemouth University have a four-year LLB course, which consists of a 40-week industrial work placement. Staffordshire University also offers a two-year full-time LLB course. LLB programs in syaria and common law have been introduced by some universities in Pakistan and Malaysia. The United States no longer offers

2924-459: The Latin publicus (also poplicus ), from populus , to the English word ' populace ', and in general denotes some mass population ("the people") in association with some matter of common interest. So in political science and history, a public is a population of individuals in association with civic affairs, or affairs of office or state. In social psychology, marketing, and public relations,

3010-766: The Peninsular Malaysia (Malaya) and the States of Sabah & Sarawak . Under the Legal Profession Act 1976, a person is deemed to be a qualified person to be admitted as an Advocate & Solicitor if they completed and passed the course of Bar Vocational Course in UK & Wales from any Inns of Court, passed the Certificate in Legal Practice or completed a 4-year LLB (Honours) course from an accredited Malaysian university. An LLB

3096-536: The United States , the Bachelor of Laws was the primary law degree until the 1960s, when it was phased out in favor of the Juris Doctor ; Canada followed suit in the early 21st century. The first academic degrees were all law degrees in medieval universities, and the first law degrees were doctorates . The foundations of the first universities were the glossators of the 11th century, which were also schools of law. The first university, that of Bologna ,

3182-455: The University of Cambridge , though very specialised in purpose. With the frequent absence of parties to suits during the Crusades , the importance of the lawyer role grew tremendously, and the demand for lawyers grew. Traditionally Oxford and Cambridge did not see common law as worthy of study, and included coursework in law only in the context of canon and civil law and for the purpose of

3268-590: The Admiralty Court). Although the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge did teach canon law until the English Reformation , its importance was always superior to civil law in those institutions. "LLB" stands for Legum Baccalaureus in Latin. The "LL." of the abbreviation for the degree is from the genitive plural legum ("of laws"). Creating an abbreviation for

3354-620: The Anjuman which became part of Punjab University College, now known as University of the Punjab The college's original course of study was two years long and offered both in English and the vernacular language . No examinations were administered, because admittance to the practice of law was governed solely by examinations administered by the Punjab Chief Court. In 1873, the court's rules changed to require candidates for

3440-582: The Islamabad Bar Council. The Bachelor of Laws obtained from universities in Pakistan consists of a 5-year B.A. -LLB qualification. This rule was laid down by the Pakistan Bar Council in 2016 requiring 5 years of education to obtain a Bachelor of Laws qualification. This change in the legal education rules led to the abolishing of 3 year LLB programs being offered by universities in Pakistan. This rule however does not affect

3526-426: The LL.B degree was again converted to a two years degree program. However, in 1992–1993 the 3 years LL.B program was reintroduced, this time, under the pattern of the Law of UK (Common Law) The main building of the college was initially located at katchery road known as Allama Iqbal Campus (Old Campus) near Oriental College and Government College , Lahore . However, in 1978 due to lack of proper space and in order

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3612-776: The LLB Law with French Law and Language offered by the University of East Anglia . Various universities in the United Kingdom and Australia will allow a degree that combines study with a non-law discipline. For example, some universities in the United Kingdom offer a combined study of law and history leading to a B.A. degree that is accepted by the Law Society and Inns of Court as equivalent to an LLB. The University of London External Programme in Laws (LLB) has been awarding its law degree via distance learning since 1858. At

3698-438: The LLB degree. Pakistan is a common law country and to become a lawyer in Pakistan, one needs an LLB from a Pakistani or a foreign university from common law country recognised by the Pakistan Bar Council . Lawyers in Pakistan are called advocates . An advocate has to be member of one of the provincial Bar Councils, i.e., Punjab Bar Council , Sindh Bar Council , Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Bar Council , Balochistan Bar Council or

3784-539: The LLB program also serves as a foundation for further legal education, such as a Master of Laws (LLM) or other postgraduate studies in law. Bachelor of Laws degrees are awarded by universities in regions including Europe , Australia , China , Hong Kong , Macau , Malaysia , Bangladesh , India , Indonesia , Japan , Pakistan , Sri Lanka, Uganda , Kenya , Ghana , New Zealand , Nigeria , Singapore , South Africa , Botswana , Israel , Brazil , Tanzania , Zambia , Zimbabwe , Malawi , and United Kingdom . In

3870-472: The LLB, though some universities have introduced bachelor's degrees in legal studies, featuring curricula that include courses in constitutional law, tort law, and criminal law. These degrees may provide an accelerated pathway into the JD program, allowing students to complete both degrees in six instead of seven years. While the LLB was conferred until 1971 at Yale University , since that time, all universities in

3956-517: The Law students. As of 2013, the college had approximately 1,600 students. The college now offers B.A LL.B (5 years) in Annual system and B.A LL.B (Hons) in semester system and has total number of seats of 200. Out of which 100 are on-merit and 100 are of self-finance. The B.A LL.B program is a 5-year integrated B.A and LL.B program which is divided in two phases 1) the B.A phase and 2) the LLB phase. In

4042-484: The Singapore Bar, graduates are minimally required to possess an LLB or JD from a recognised university. In South Africa the LLB is offered both at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels. As of 1996 it is the universal and only legal qualification for legal practice, superseding the existing B.Juris. and B.Proc. degrees. The undergraduate programme, offered since 1998, requires four years of study. At

4128-628: The Solicitor's Admission Board, whose examinations rendered one eligible to be admitted respectively. The successor of these boards that still operates the alternative is the Legal Profession Admission Board , which issues the distinct Diploma in Law, equivalent to either an LLB or a JD Law degrees typically last 4 years for undergraduate admission or 3 years for university graduates. Of the thirty-eight law schools , thirteen of those universities have also started offering

4214-491: The United States have awarded the professional doctorate JD , which then became the generally standardised degree in most states as the compulsory prerequisite to sit for the bar exam prior to practice of law. Many law schools converted their basic law degree programmes from LLB to JD in the 1960s, and permitted prior LLB graduates to retroactively receive the new doctorate degrees by returning their LLB in exchange for

4300-430: The University of Ottawa. The law degree offered by McGill University is a mandatory joint common law LLB and Quebec civil law BCL degree. The programme is four years in length. Admission to that programme is a first-entry programme in the case of Quebec students while it is a second-entry programme in the case of students from other provinces (since two years of university studies is required). The University of Ottawa offers

4386-507: The academic standard of the new degree. Some universities have now discontinued the programme; in other cases undergraduate students are required to initially register as Arts, Commerce or Science students – with first year law subjects – and, in the second year of study, only those meeting specified criteria may choose to pursue the four-year LLB. The four universities under the National University of Ireland umbrella, award

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4472-630: The bachelor's degree was phased out in the 18th or early 19th century but it continued at Oxford and Cambridge. The teaching of law at Oxford University was for philosophical or scholarly purposes and not meant to prepare one to practise law. Professional training for practising common law in England was undertaken at the Inns of Court , but over time the training functions of the Inns lessened considerably and apprenticeships with individual practitioners arose as

4558-412: The bar still did not require any significant educational activity or examination. Therefore, in 1846, Parliament examined the education and training of prospective barristers and found the system to be inferior to the legal education provided in the United States. Therefore, formal schools of law were called for, but not finally established until later in the century, and even then the bar did not consider

4644-466: The bar to have passed university entrance examinations and the college introduced examinations. In 1887, passing of intermediate exams and having minimum three-fourth attendance in the law college was made mandatory for giving the Law/Bar exams. In 1890, Government of India imposed new rules. It empowered the college to confer LL.B and LL.D degrees and in order to give the LL.B examinations and obtain

4730-524: The computers placed in the library. The computers are available for open research and can even be reserved for solitary research. In order to train the students for litigation and for future role as lawyers, the college conducts regular moot workshops, exercises and competitions which are managed and organised by the Law Moot Society. For this purpose a separate moot room is available as per the regulations of PBC. The historic moot room of PULC has

4816-581: The degree of Bachelor of Civil Law (BCL). Four Irish universities and two Northern Irish universities award an LLB NUIG offer the LLB as a 1-year postgraduate course for holders of the Bachelor of Corporate Law or Bachelor of Arts in law degrees. Some English and Welsh universities award an LLB in Irish law. In the nineteenth century, the University of London conferred degrees of LLB on clerical and lay students at St. Patrick's College, Carlow from 1840 onwards. The King's Inns Barrister-at-Law degree B.L.

4902-535: The expand the college, it was shifted to its present premises at Quaid e Azam Campus (New Campus) along with Hailey College of Commerce and other important departments. Today the Law College is one of the Highest Ranked Law institutes in Pakistan. The merit of Law College is extremely high while the acceptance rate is extremely low. Due to its incredibly low fee and many facilities for students, it

4988-453: The federal level, as well as in every province or territory except Quebec, a system of common law is used. Because of this, there are two types of Canadian law degrees generally in use. The programme of study for common law has traditionally been an undergraduate LLB degree, which has now been re-designated as a JD at nearly all Canadian common law schools. Entrants to the JD programme generally hold an undergraduate degree before registration in

5074-1945: The field of Human rights (2018) , Hilal-i-Imitiaz (2010) , Nishan-e-Imtiaz (2018) ) V.D Mahajan (Advocate Supreme Court of India , Legal Researcher, Historian, Political scientist) Jawahar Lal Kaul ( Indian lawyer, Vice Chancellor of Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University , Visiting Fellow at University of St. Thomas School of Law since 2014) Mirza Aziz Akbar Baig ( Supreme Court Lawyer , Prominent Lawyer in 2007 Lawyer's Movement ) Akram Sheikh (President Supreme Court Bar Association , CEC of Pakistan Bar Council 1993–1994) Hamid Khan (Vice-president of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf , legal writer and scholar, President Supreme Court Bar Association of Pakistan ) Ali Ahmad Kurd (President Supreme Court Bar Association , Important figure in Lawyer's movement 2007 ) Dr. Parvez Hassan ( Environmental Lawyer , LLM - Harvard , Climate Activist , Founder of Parvez Hassan Environmental Law Center at PULC) Khizr Khan ( US Supreme Court Lawyer, Presidential Medal of Freedom 2022, Commissioner of US-CIRF , LLM from Harvard Law School ) Swami Shraddhanand ( Indian Lawyer, Hindu Guru and Arya Samaj Activist) M. D. Tahir (Prominent Senior Lawyer, Human Rights Activist ) Shahla Zia ( Women rights activist , prominent lawyer) A.K. Dogar (Senior Advocate of Supreme Court ) Mowahid Hussain Shah (Pakistani and US Lawyer, co-founder of PTI ) Barrister Dr Abdul Basit (Senior Lawyer, Kashmiri Nationalist ) Sabahat Rizvi (1st Female Secretary of Lahore Bar Association , Women Rights Activist ) Nauman Ijaz (TV Actor, President's Pride Of Performance Award , 2012) Naeem Bokhari (Actor, Advocate Supreme Court of Pakistan , Former host of Khabarnaak ) Public The name "public" originates with

5160-579: The first two years, students study basic B.A subjects like Poetical Science , Sociology , Pakistan history , Islamic studies , English and introductory subjects of law. While in the next the years, the subjects are specialized into Law-elated subjects for example: Civil Law , Criminal Procedure Code (CPC/CRPC), Cyber Laws , Corporate Law , Company Law, Constitutional Law ( Pakistani , US and British ), Environmental Law , Property Laws , Law of Equity , Law of Torts e.t.c From 1981- 82, regular LL.M . classes were also introduced and thereafter LL.M,

5246-452: The graduate must obtain a licence from the Law Society of the province where they wish to practise law, which requires a year of articling . The civil law programme in Canada is three years in length. The programme of study for the first degree in Quebec civil law (called LLB, BCL, or LLL) is a first-entry degree programme. Like other first-entry university programmes in Quebec, it requires

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5332-443: The law programme and a significant number hold a graduate-level degree as well. However, admission may be granted to applicants with two years of undergraduate studies towards a degree. Unlike the United States , the JD is considered a bachelor's degree-level qualification, albeit a "second-entry" one. The common law programme is three years in length. Upon graduation, one holds a Bachelor of Laws or Juris Doctor degree. To practise law,

5418-549: The license to practice law, it was necessary for the students to have passed in intermediate and to graduate in any arts degree. In 1935 the college increased the span of LL.B program from two years to three years however after the partition the regulation were again revised and on the orders of the Government of Pakistan and the Supreme Court of Pakistan the degree program was again reduced to two years. In 1948

5504-444: The most prominent lawyers, activists, statesmen, judges, bureaucrats and politicians. Today, the institute is known for its rich history, high quality education and renowned Alumni. After being founded in 1868 under the auspices of the literary club Anjuman-e-Punjab , the college became a constituent part of the University of the Punjab in 1870. University Law College was established by the Anjuman I Punjab in 1868. Anjuman-I-Punjab

5590-552: The national law schools of India, while others continue to offer a traditional three-year programme. Both integrated and traditional types of three-year law degrees are recognised by the Bar Council of India for to qualify for enrolment to the Bar. One needs to have a full-time law degree to practice as a lawyer in India. Distance or online education options are not available to become a practising lawyer in India. Malaysia inherited

5676-420: The organization". Samuel Mateus's 2011 paper "Public as Social Experience" considered to view the concept by an alternative point of view: the public "is neither a simple audience constituted by media consumers nor just a rational-critical agency of a Public Sphere". He argued "the concept should also be seen in the light of a publicness principle, beyond a critic and manipulative publicity (...). In accordance,

5762-451: The post- and undergraduate degree, it is now offered as an elective. The structure of the undergraduate programme is under review. The issues noted are: graduates of these programmes are seen to be less prepared for the profession as compared to those pursuing the graduate LLB; only 20% of entrants complete the programme within four years; only about 50% of graduates here enter the legal profession at all. Further, there are those who question

5848-519: The postgraduate level, the programme generally requires three years. Several South African universities offer Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Commerce degrees with a major in "Law"; graduates may then undertake a two-year postgraduate-programme. Some universities also offer a one-year programme for holders of the B.Proc. degree. The curriculum is typically structured around preliminary, core and advanced courses, and most universities also offer elective coursework. The preliminary courses acquaint

5934-416: The prominent medium of preparation. However, because of the lack of standardisation of study and of objective standards for appraisal of these apprenticeships, the role of universities became subsequently of importance for the education of lawyers in the English speaking world. In England in 1292, when Edward I requested that lawyers be trained, students merely sat in the courts and observed, but over time

6020-445: The public may be regarded as the result of the social activities made by individuals sharing symbolic representations and common emotions in publicness. Seen with lower-case, the concept is a set of subjectivities who look publicly for a feeling of belonging. So, in this perspective, the public is still a fundamental notion to social life although in a different manner in comparison to 18th century Public Sphere's Public. He means above all

6106-530: The purposes of admission as a lawyer in Australia is either the undergraduate LLB program at accredited universities, or the graduate JD (Juris Doctor). Every recognised qualification of each state admission board is reciprocally recognised by all other states. However, prior to degrees, there existed an alternative to a degree to become a lawyer in Australia, which was either the Barrister's Admission Board, or

6192-727: The recognition of LLB degrees of less than 5 years obtained from foreign universities recognised by the Pakistan Bar Council for the purposes of enrolling as an advocate in Pakistan. In Singapore, the LLB is an undergraduate degree conferred by three universities: the National University of Singapore (NUS), the Singapore Management University (SMU), and the Singapore University of Social Sciences (SUSS). Graduate JD courses are also available at all three law schools. To be called to

6278-693: The recognition of PULC. Edhi hall is the oldest hall of PULC and used to be the main place for organising events and competitions until the Environmental Hall was constructed. The Edhi hall is named after the renowned Abdul Sattar Edhi (A social worker and human rights activist ). The hall still holds a special importance in the affairs of PULC. Student societies and clubs in PULC, are managed by PULS (Punjab University Law Societies) These include official, semi official and student-created clubs). Members of Official Societies are appointed after interviews conducted by permanent faculty members. Each society consists of

6364-450: The social textures and configurations where successive layers of social experience are built up." Social publics are groups of people united by common ideas, ideology, or hobbies. Networked publics are social publics which have been socially restructured by the networking of technologies. As such, they are simultaneously both (1) the space constructed through networked technologies and (2) the imagined collective which consequently emerges as

6450-529: The students with both the background and the foundations of the South African legal system , and with legal thinking and analysis in general. The core subjects are those regularly required for legal practice. The advanced courses (usually) comprise further study in these core subjects, deepening and / or broadening the student's knowledge as appropriate. The electives – often comprising these advanced courses, amongst others – allow students to specialise in

6536-403: The students would hire professionals to lecture them in their residences, which led to the institution of the Inns of Court system. The original method of education at the Inns of Court was a mix of moot court -like practice and lecture, as well as court proceedings observation. By the seventeenth century, the Inns obtained a status as a kind of university akin to the University of Oxford and

6622-405: The study of philosophy or history only. The apprenticeship programme for solicitors thus emerged, structured and governed by the same rules as the apprenticeship programmes for the trades. The training of solicitors by apprenticeship was formally established by an act of parliament in 1729. William Blackstone became the first lecturer in English common law at the University of Oxford in 1753, but

6708-507: The surprisingly low fee and exceptional facilities, it is the top priority for students who want to pursue law as a career. The Law College Library is well known for its extensive collection of law books and journals. The collection is regularly updated in accordance with the modifications in the country's laws and the constitutional amendments. Online law resources like WestLaw, Pakistanlawsite, and JSTOR are also available. Students can have complete access to online law resources through

6794-469: The target publics; and influentials are publics that the target publics turn to for consultation, whose value judgements are influential upon how a target public will judge any public relations material. The public is often targeted especially in regard to political agendas as their vote is necessary in order to further the progression of the cause. As seen in Massachusetts between 2003 and 2004, it

6880-611: The undergraduate LLB is the primary route into the legal profession. The Scots Law LLB is generally taken as a four-year honours course, similar to other university degrees in Scotland. Students wishing to satisfy the Law Society of Scotland requirements to become a solicitor must also complete the postgraduate Diploma in Professional Legal Practice at an approved university. A qualifying law degree for

6966-400: The universities of Oxford and Cambridge , the principal law degree remains the Bachelor of Arts, in either Jurisprudence or Law, which is equivalent to an LLB in other universities. Traditionally, the LLB at Cambridge, as well as the Bachelor of Civil Law at Oxford, were postgraduate degrees for specialising in law. The University of Cambridge , recently, replaced their LLB title with that of

7052-452: The university did not establish the programme for the purpose of professional study, and the lectures were philosophical and theoretical in nature. Blackstone insisted that the study of law should be university based, where concentration on foundational principles can be had, instead of concentration on detail and procedure had through apprenticeship and the Inns of Court. The Inns of Court continued but became less effective, and admission to

7138-501: Was a literary club founded in Lahore on 21 January 1865 by Dr Gottlieb Wilhelm Leitner who was a renowned British linguistic and orientalist. He also later, became the first registrar of University of the Punjab . The society aimed at the development of Vernacular Literature . Meetings were held by the Anjuman for the literary, social and scientific interests of people. Oriental College and University Law College were also established by

7224-666: Was discontinued by the University Law College on 22-1-2021. Since then Punjab University is offering LLM through the Postgraduate School of Legal Studies. The LL.D degree was offered by PULC in 1890. It was renamed Ph.D. in law in 1986 Since then only three people have been awarded with the Ph.D. in Law(LL.D) degree. Getting admission in every program in PULC is challenging and depends purely on merit. Due to

7310-447: Was founded as a school of law by four famous legal scholars in the 12th century who were students of the glossator school in that city. The University of Bologna served as the model for other law schools of the medieval age. While it was common for students of law to visit and study at schools in other countries, such was not the case with England because of the English rejection of Roman law (except for certain jurisdictions such as

7396-444: Was necessary to "win a critical mass of states and a critical mass of public support" in order to get same-sex marriage passed in the commonwealth. Public relations theory perspectives on publics are situational, per Dewey and Grunig; mass, where a public is simply viewed as a population of individuals; agenda-building, where a public is viewed as a condition of political involvement that is not transitory; and " homo narrans ", where

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