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92-772: In 2007, 24 Eagle Scout ranks were earned in the Pushmataha Area Council, and 20 Scouts earned the God and Country Award. The Pushmataha Area Council (#691) was established by the Boy Scouts of America in June, 1925. The council was originally named the East Mississippi Council (#691), but this name was changed in 1929 to honor Chief Pushmataha of the Choctaw tribe. Chief Pushmataha once told

184-462: A Scout achieves the rank of Eagle Scout regardless of the date of their Eagle Court of Honor . Louisville, Mississippi Louisville (pronounced LEW-iss-vill) is a city in Winston County , Mississippi . The population was 6,631 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Winston County. Like Winston County, Louisville is named for Louis Winston (1784–1824), a colonel in

276-517: A Scout may continue working toward the Star, Life and Eagle Scout ranks, as well as Eagle Palms, while registered as a Venturer or Sea Scout up to their 18th birthday. Scouts with a permanent mental or physical disability may use alternate requirements based on abilities, if approved by the council. Eagle Scout may be awarded posthumously, if and only if all requirements except the board of review are completed before death. A board of review may be held and

368-704: A Scout who has been a Life Scout for at least six months, has earned a minimum of 21 merit badges, has demonstrated Scout Spirit, and has demonstrated leadership within their troop, crew or ship. Additionally they must plan, develop, and lead a service project—the Eagle Project —that demonstrates both leadership and a commitment to duty. After all requirements are met, they must complete an Eagle Scout board of review . The board of review can be completed up to 3 months after their 18th birthday as long as all other requirements are completed before their 18th birthday. Venturers and Sea Scouts who attained First Class as

460-613: A character education program used by local schools. Explorer posts in the council offer vocation-oriented experience to teenage boys and girls in the council's ten county area. The original council camp was Camp Pine Springs, in Monroe County, located along the Buttahatchie River north of Columbus, Mississippi. Camp Palila, located in Louisville, Mississippi , became the council camp in 1953. Camp Palila served as

552-568: A dining hall that seats 200 people, a 12-acre (49,000 m) lake, nine camp sites, a C.O.P.E. Lodge, an activity field, a shooting sports arena, an obstacle course , numerous open shelters, an environmental center, the Chakchiuma Nature Trail, a trading post, and the Nita Chito Scout Museum. Roads on the camp are mainly of red clay gravel construction. Camp Seminole is primarily a Boy Scout camp, and

644-601: A full-time Camp Ranger. One District Executive resigned in 2007, and the Executive Board of the council did not hire a replacement for the position. The Camp Ranger resigned in the spring of 2009, and the camp is currently (2010) served by a part-time, volunteer, interim Camp Ranger. The second District Executive resigned in the early fall of 2009, and the council Executive Board did not hire anyone fill that position. The Scout Executive announced in November, 2009 that he

736-491: A gold Palm. The order of bronze, gold and silver follows heraldic traditions of the U.S. military. Completed Palms can be awarded at the same time the Eagle Scout badge is presented. Previously, an Eagle Scout needed to wait three months between each Palm, even if the extra merit badges were earned before becoming an Eagle. This meant that, under the old rules, a youth who became an Eagle Scout at 17 years and 10 months,

828-538: A group of chiefs that he was not born, but instead stepped, full grown and dressed for battle, from the split in a tree that had been struck by lightning. This story has been incorporated into the Pushmataha Area Council Shoulder Patch shown above. The patch shows a full-grown Pushmataha emerging from a tree struck by lightning. Camp Seminole has a sign on its grounds noting the tree from which Pushmataha supposedly appeared. In 1925,

920-743: A maximum of three years. When the council began, each town with a Scout troop was its own District. For example, troops in Columbus, Mississippi were in the Columbus District. Later the council evolved into having three districts, the Running Bear District, the Talking Warrior District, and the Tombigbee District. In 1990s, these three districts were reorganized to create two new districts,

1012-438: A miniature Statue of Liberty in the middle of downtown Columbus, Mississippi, as part of a national effort in the Boy Scouts to erect 200 of these statues. Fewer than 100 of these statues still exist, and even fewer exist intact. The Pushmataha Area Council statue is one of the few intact ones that exist today. When fully staffed with professionals, the Pushmataha Area Council has a Scout Executive, two District Executives, and

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1104-454: A period of at least 25 years after earning Eagle Scout. Eagle Scouts who enlist in the U.S. Armed Forces may receive advanced enlisted rank in recognition of their achievements. For commissioned officer programs, attainment of Eagle Scout is considered a positive factor in determining service academy appointments and award of college ROTC scholarships. NESA directly administers several Eagle Scout scholarships . The American Legion ,

1196-487: A program to include girls in the Boy Scout program beginning in 2019. With the introduction of Scouts BSA and the acceptance of girls, the age limit for Eagle Scout was extended. In February 2019, the first girls joined the renamed Scouts BSA program. New youth members, girls or boys, 16 years of age or older, but not yet 18 who joined between February 1, 2019, and December 31, 2019, could request an extension to complete

1288-458: A red, white and blue ribbon bar. In 1940, a small eagle pin was added to the bar. Ribbon bars were replaced by embroidered square knot patches in 1947. Over the years, the knot was produced with various background colors to match the different uniforms. Although the Venturing and Sea Scout programs use different uniform shirts, the current knot is available only with a tan background that matches

1380-448: A super merit badge to a rank. As a result, the first requirements for tenure were created and Scouts were required to be an active First Class Scout for one year. The initial requirements for what became the service project appeared with a requirement to show satisfactory service and the number of required merit badges increased to 12. In 1936, the ranks of Star and Life became mandatory, and the number of required merit badges rose to 13. It

1472-406: A total of more than 100 million hours of service. Each year, new Eagle Scouts add more than three million more hours. Eagle Scouts completed about 9.5 million hours in 2011. January 31 is officially recognized by NESA as National Eagle Scout Day in recognition of Eldred 's Board of Review he sat in 1912. The important date of an Eagle Scout's Board of Review is the officially recognized date

1564-508: A white man who started a fight with them because they would not let him pass their Ford touring car in his Chevrolet. On April 28, 2014, Louisville was hit by an EF4 tornado , resulting in ten fatalities. Louisville is located at 33°7′23″N 89°3′22″W  /  33.12306°N 89.05611°W  / 33.12306; -89.05611 (33.122931, -89.056182). According to the United States Census Bureau ,

1656-731: Is considered temperate. Winter temperatures rarely drop below freezing, and summer temperatures reach their peak in July and August, when it can reach 95-100 degrees Fahrenheit (35-38 degrees Celsius). The rainy season is early December through late March. Rainfall averages 62" annually. The Order of the Arrow is represented by the Watonala Lodge. It supports the Scouting programs of the council through leadership, camping, and service. On September 1, 1939, five adult Boy Scout leaders from

1748-569: Is the highest rank attainable in the Scouts BSA program by the Boy Scouts of America (BSA). Since its inception in 1911, only four percent of Scouts have earned this rank after a lengthy review process. The Eagle Scout rank has been earned by over 2.5 million youth. Requirements include earning at least 21 merit badges , 14 of which are mandatory for the award. The Eagle Scout must demonstrate Scout Spirit , an ideal attitude based upon

1840-474: Is the opportunity for a Scout to demonstrate leadership of others while performing a project for the benefit of any religious institution, any school, or their community. The project is not allowed to benefit the Boy Scouts of America or its councils, districts, units, camps and so forth. It also cannot be of a commercial nature or be solely a fund-raising project. There is no official requirement for duration of projects. Eagle Scout requirements have evolved since

1932-515: Is used for camporees, summer camps, Scout leader training, Cub Scout campouts, and other Boy scout related events. The camp is also used to house Habitat for Humanity volunteers, for land navigation training by local National Guard and R.O.T.C. units, for Mississippi Hunter Safety Education Training, for Red Cross CPR and First Aid Training sessions, and other community and civic events. The grounds of Camp Seminole average 230 feet (70 m) above sea level. The climate at Camp Seminole

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2024-559: The Louisville Colored School , also known as Camile Street School , whereas White students had their own schools, including Louisville High School . Several federal laws and U.S. Supreme Court decisions forced this to change. In 1967, due to the Civil Rights Act of 1964 , the school adopted a desegregation plan that in theory allowed students to choose which schools to attend. When the courts mandated that

2116-531: The Medal of Honor : Eugene B. Fluckey , Aquilla J. Dyess , Robert Edward Femoyer , Walter Joseph Marm, Jr. , Mitchell Paige , Thomas R. Norris , Arlo L. Olson , Ben L. Salomon , Leo K. Thorsness , Jay Zeamer Jr. , and Britt K. Slabinski . At least forty astronauts earned the rank as a youth, including Neil Armstrong and Charles Duke , both of whom walked on the Moon. Businessmen who have earned

2208-495: The National Eagle Scout Association (NESA), which serves as a fraternal and communications board for all Eagle Scouts. The NESA Outstanding Eagle Scout Award recognizes Eagle Scouts who have demonstrated outstanding achievement at the local, state, or regional level. The Distinguished Eagle Scout Award is given only to Eagle Scouts for distinguished service in their profession and the community for

2300-490: The U.S. Supreme Court Stephen Breyer and 84th U.S. Attorney General Jeff Sessions . In academia, Eagle Scouts are represented by Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction -winner E.O. Wilson , E. Gordon Gee , former President of Ohio State University , and Kim B. Clark , former Dean of the Harvard Business School , and former president of Brigham Young University–Idaho . Entertainers who earned

2392-422: The dies . T. H. Foley made the first medals from 1912 until they went out of business in 1915. The eagle pendant and scroll were of die struck bronze washed with silver . Early versions were made with a short double knot and later ones with a long double knot. Only 338 of these medals were issued, making them the rarest version. Some Foleys were issued with a drop ribbon: the ribbon was extended, folded through

2484-460: The 1972 version. In 1975 the badge design partially reverted to the 1956 version. 1985 saw a reversion to the 1956 issue with some minor differences. The border and the eagle were done in silver metalized thread and the Be Prepared text was in blue. In 1986 the metalized eagle changed back to standard thread due to problems with wearing and the scroll and text were enlarged. The metalized border

2576-500: The Arrow events. Camp Seminole was named for Seminole Manufacturing of Columbus, Mississippi, which donated significant financial support toward the camp's construction. Camp Seminole was built on 285 acres (1.15 km) of land purchased by the Pushmataha Area Council in 1982. The need for building the camp came about when the lease on the previous council camp (Camp Palila) expired, and the Mississippi legislature did not renew

2668-481: The Arrow Conference ( NOAC ), and service events. Compared to many OA lodges, Watonala Lodge has always been comparatively small in membership numbers. This is due largely to being in a rural council having only ten counties. Because of smaller membership, the quantity of Watonala memorabilia available is usually smaller than most OA lodges. Eagle Scout (Boy Scouts of America) Eagle Scout

2760-783: The BSA's highest rank include documentary filmmaker and Academy Award -winner Michael Moore , Academy Award -winning director Steven Spielberg , and Mike Rowe , host of Dirty Jobs . Athletes who have earned Eagle Scout include Basketball Hall of Famer (later U.S. Senator ) Bill Bradley , NBA All-Star Mark Eaton , MLB All-Star Shane Victorino , Daytona 500 winner William Byron , pitcher Jon Moscot , running back David Montgomery , Notre Dame and San Diego Chargers linebacker Manti Te'o , and Philadelphia Eagles guard Landon Dickerson . Religious leaders who have earned Eagle Scout include Cardinal Archbishop Emeritus of Baltimore William H. Keeler , and Howard W. Hunter , 14th president of

2852-622: The Choctaw District and the Chickasaw District. The Choctaw District covers five counties: Clay, Lowndes, Oktibbeha, Webster, and Noxubee. The Chickasaw District also covers five counties: Monroe, Winston, Chickasaw, Choctaw, and Calhoun. The Pushmataha Area Council hosts numerous events each year. These include: The Pushmataha Area Council is funded by donations made by civic organizations, businesses, and individuals. Several different United Way groups contribute to

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2944-533: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints . Other notable recipients include Sam Berns , an American teen who had progeria and helped raise awareness about the disease, the novelist and adventurer Clive Cussler , and Ross Ulbricht , the creator of the darknet Silk Road . The National Eagle Scout Association (NESA) researched the total volunteer hours of the Eagle service projects ever done and it came to

3036-589: The Eagle Scout Award requirements after they turn 18 years of age. In 2020, the first female Eagle Scouts were added to the Boy Scouts of America. On February 8, 2021, nearly 1,000 female Scouts became members of the Inaugural Class of Female Eagle Scouts. Members of the Inaugural Class were commemorated in a special edition of Scout Life magazine; the publication formerly known as Boys' Life . The rank of Eagle Scout may be earned by

3128-678: The Eagle Scout medal had not been finalized by the National Council, so the medal was not awarded until Labor Day, September 2, 1912. Eldred was the first of three generations of Eagle Scouts; his son and grandson hold the rank as well. In the 1960s, the Kansas City area awarded more Eagle Scout badges than any other council in the country, resulting in the creation of the Eagle Scout Memorial there in 1968. In 1982, 13-year-old Alexander Holsinger of Normal, Illinois ,

3220-403: The Eagle Scout medal has undergone several design changes. Changes to the scroll and to the eagle pendant were not always introduced at the same time, therefore types may be somewhat mixed. Scouting historians classify these medals by the five different manufacturers and then by 17 sub-types, with several minor variations. Many variations were caused by quality control issues, mainly due to wear of

3312-428: The National Council in protest of the BSA's policies. The advocacy group Scouting for All claimed to have received as many as one thousand letters from Eagle Scouts who had done so; the BSA later stated that fewer than one hundred Eagle Scout badges had been received. In 2012, the BSA reaffirmed its policies on the exclusion of homosexuals; again a number of Eagle Scouts returned their badges in protest. In May 2013,

3404-556: The National Council of the Boy Scouts of America voted to lift the ban on openly gay youth beginning on January 1, 2014, with the ban on openly gay adult leaders remaining in effect. On June 27, 2015, the ban on gay leaders was also lifted. In response, two Eagle Scouts returned their badges in protest of the change to the BSA's policy accepting gay Scouts. Four Nobel Prize laureates are known to be Eagle Scouts: Dudley R. Herschbach , Peter Agre , Robert Coleman Richardson , and Frederick Reines . Eleven Eagle Scouts have been awarded

3496-520: The National Eagle Scout Association (NESA) introduced a knot recognizing those Eagle Scouts who are life members of NESA; it uses the standard knot emblem with a silver border. From 1912 to 1943 the BSA issued an index-sized card with information about the Eagle Scout. Wallet-size cards were introduced in 1944 and switched to a plastic credit card style in 1991. Certificates suitable for framing were first issued in 1944. As

3588-646: The National Jewish Committee on Scouting, and the Sons of the American Revolution offer scholarships directed toward Eagle Scouts. Many colleges and universities, local businesses, churches and other organizations offer similar scholarships. After the BSA v. Dale decision in 2000 affirmed the BSA's right to exclude homosexuals, a small number of Eagle Scouts returned their badges to

3680-653: The Pushmataha Area Council attended an Order of the Arrow Area Fellowship in Birmingham, Alabama , and learned about the purpose and mission of the Order. Upon returning to the Pushmataha Area Council, an application for a charter was submitted to the National Order of the Arrow office. The initial charter was issued in the latter part of September, 1939. When the initial charter was issued, it

3772-535: The Scout Oath and Law, service, and leadership. This includes an extensive service project that the Scout plans, organizes, leads, and manages. Eagle Scouts are presented with a medal and a badge that visibly recognizes the accomplishments of the Scout. Additional recognition can be earned through Eagle Palms, awarded for completing additional tenure, leadership, and merit badge requirements. Those who have earned

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3864-545: The Scout is to have a minimum score of 1290 on the SAT Reasoning Test or 28 on the ACT . Scholarships vary in the amount awarded. The list of Eagle Scouts is extensive. In addition, the accomplishment is considered to be notable as Adult Scouters who earned Eagle Scout as a youth are entitled to wear a square knot emblem with a red, white, and blue striped square knot above the left shirt pocket. Eagle Scouts may join

3956-563: The Scouts BSA uniform. When the Distinguished Eagle Scout Award (DESA) was created in 1969, a gold-colored eagle device was introduced for wear on the Eagle Scout square knot. The Eagle Scout Mentor pin was introduced in early 2004 in a gold-colored version. In early 2006 it was changed to a silver-colored antique finish to match the mother and father pins but in 2007 was changed back to gold-colored. In 2008,

4048-475: The World, Communication, Cooking, First Aid, Family Life, Personal Fitness, and Personal Management. In addition, Scouts must choose one each from the following to round out their required merit badges: Emergency Preparedness OR Lifesaving; Environmental Science OR Sustainability; and, Swimming OR Hiking OR Cycling. The Scout must earn seven additional elective merit badges beyond the required 14 to become eligible for

4140-403: The average family size was 3.12. In the city, the population was spread out, with 28.9% under the age of 18, 9.3% from 18 to 24, 24.7% from 25 to 44, 19.8% from 45 to 64, and 17.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 80.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 73.8 males. The median income for a household in the city

4232-563: The award include Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton , Marriott International CEO J. W. Marriott, Jr. , and Michael Bloomberg , Mayor of New York City and founder of Bloomberg L.P. Eagle Scouts who have held public office include 38th President of the United States Gerald R. Ford , 22nd U.S. Secretary of Defense Robert Gates , 13th and 21st U.S. Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld , 69th U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson , former Associate Justice of

4324-510: The award presented to the Scout's family. The Spirit of the Eagle Award is an honorary posthumous special recognition for any registered youth member who has died in an accident or through illness. The Line of Duty Fallen Eagle Recognition is a recognition for Eagle Scouts who have died in the line of duty in professions such as the military, law enforcement or emergency services. The Eagle Scout Service Project, or simply "Eagle Project,"

4416-466: The award was conceived. A requirement to earn 11 specific merit badges was added in 1914, which underwent minor changes in 1915. The Life–Star order was reversed in 1924, apparently because the five-pointed star of the Star Scout insignia could be associated with the five merit badges required to earn the rank immediately following First Class Scout. In 1927, Eagle Scout began the transition from being

4508-455: The award. If a Scout has earned more than one merit badges where there are alternates, the extras will be counted toward the 21 merit badge requirement total. Palms represent additional advancement for a youth who has stayed active in the unit after achieving the rank of Eagle Scout. A Palm is awarded when the Scout has demonstrated Scout Spirit, leadership and ability; has earned five additional merit badges beyond those required for Eagle or for

4600-517: The badge onto the sash. Initially produced on tan cloth, it was later switched to olive for the Scouts BSA uniform and white and blue to match the various Sea Scout uniforms. In 1933, BSA was removed from all of the Eagle Scout insignia, including the badge. The text Eagle Scout and Boy Scouts of America was added to the border, and Be Prepared was added to the scroll. These badges were embroidered with silk thread, switching to cotton in 1940. The production of badges and emblems changed in 1956 to

4692-539: The badge or square knot. The Eagle Scout Award Kit currently includes the Eagle Scout medal, the Eagle Scout badge, a mother's pin, a father's pin and an Eagle Mentor pin. A variety of caps, belt buckles, pins, tie tacks , neckerchiefs and slides, bolo ties, rings, jackets, T-shirts and other items are also available for purchase. Official Eagle Scout insignia is controlled by BSA Supply and requires verification by presentation of an Eagle Scout card or other means before it can be purchased. Since its introduction in 1912,

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4784-459: The bar mount on the scroll, then dropped behind the eagle pendant and cut in a swallowtail. The first drop ribbon style medal was issued to the fourth Eagle Scout, Sidney Clapp, a 31-year-old Scoutmaster from West Shokan, New York. Dieges & Clust took over production from 1916 to 1920, basing the design on the Foley. These medals also have the distinguishing extra-long double knot hanging from

4876-501: The city has a total area of 15.3 square miles (40 km ), of which 15.1 square miles (39 km ) is land and 0.2 square miles (0.52 km ) (1.44%) is water. It is known by many as the "Front porch of the South". As of the 2020 United States Census , there were 6,072 people, 2,309 households, and 1,589 families residing in the city. As of the census of 2000, there were 7,006 people, 2,641 households, and 1,817 families living in

4968-399: The city. The population density was 464.5 inhabitants per square mile (179.3/km ). There were 2,884 housing units at an average density of 191.2 per square mile (73.8/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 46.29% White , 52.46% African American , 0.13% Native American , 0.17% Asian , 0.44% from other races , and 0.51% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.66% of

5060-577: The council camp for thirty years prior to 1980. The state of Mississippi had leased the land to the council, but the legislature failed to complete the new lease before the original lease ended. The land used for Camp Palila reverted to control of the state, and is now Legion State Park. The current council camp for the Pushmataha Area Council is Camp Seminole, about five miles north of Starkville, Mississippi . Camp Seminole hosts, among other activities, council summer camps , Cub Scout campouts, leadership training sessions, Wood Badge courses, and Order of

5152-484: The council, and most United way funding has remained strong. United way of Oktibbeha County is an exception, as they have cut their funding to the council by over half in recent years. The Pushmataha Area Council is a 501(c) non-profit organization. Through the Cub Scouting , Boy Scouting , and Venturing programs, the Pushmataha Area Council serves youth ages 6 through 21. The council offers Learning for Life ,

5244-515: The few years immediately following World War II. The founding of Watonala Lodge in 1939 is well documented, although there is an oral history that places the origin of the lodge ten years earlier, in 1929. Watonala Lodge devotes much of its service time to development and maintenance of their home camp, Camp Seminole , which is located five miles north of Starkville, Mississippi . The lodge also publishes an online "Where To Go Camping Guide" at www.Watonala.Org, aimed at helping other Boy Scouts and

5336-441: The first bronze, gold, and silver recognitions, Palms are worn in the combination that requires the smallest number of devices to reflect the total number of Palms earned. One gold Palm is equal to two bronze Palms, one silver Palm is equal to three bronze Palms, and one bronze Palm continues to be equal to five merit badges. For instance, a Scout who has earned eight Palms (forty additional merit badges) would wear two silver Palms and

5428-504: The first requirements for service and leadership. In 1965, the requirements for the service project and specific troop leadership were defined, and the number of required merit badges returned to 11. The Eagle Scout candidate was required to plan, develop, and carry out a leadership service project. Minor changes were made to the required merit badge list in 1970. In 1972, the Improved Scouting Program increased to 24

5520-515: The general public find good places to camp, canoe, and hike. The dominant theme of most Watonala patches and memorabilia is its totem , the white egret. The totem is usually shown in profile, facing the viewer's left, and headed upward in flight. There are numerous variations of this design, with the totem image varying slightly with each new patch issue. The lodge issues a new lodge flap every two or three years, and sometimes issues specific patches for OA events, such as Conclave , National Order of

5612-580: The headquarters of the council was in West Point, Mississippi , on Main Street. In 1960s, the council office was moved to its current location at 420 31st Avenue North, Columbus, Mississippi . The Pushmataha Area Council is one of the smallest Boy Scout councils in America. It is not unusual for other councils to have districts larger than the entire Pushmataha Area Council. In 1950, the council erected

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5704-609: The honorary president of the BSA, the signature of the President of the United States appears on all certificates. Replacement of a card or certificate can be made by application through the National Eagle Scout Association (NESA). Eagle Scouts are expected to set an example for other Scouts and to become the leaders in life that they have demonstrated themselves to be in Scouting . They are disproportionately represented in

5796-482: The last Palm; and has taken part in a conference with their unit leader. The insignia is a small metallic palm frond pin or device that is worn on the ribbon of the Eagle Scout medal, on the Eagle Scout square knot or on the Eagle Scout badge. The Palms are awarded in three colors: bronze , representing five merit badges; gold , representing ten merit badges; and silver , representing fifteen merit badges. For each Palm awarded for five additional merit badges beyond

5888-404: The last Stange version but with the ribbon attached through the clutch pins instead of a bar (this led to damage of the ribbon). A small number of sterling silver versions were made, marked with 925 . In later 1999, the dies were laser engraved, giving a much sharper look and the ribbon mount was improved to eliminate wear. The knot went from wire to a molded version in 2001. In the fall of 2006,

5980-413: The lease. A Brownsea-22 training course was held on the grounds of the new camp in 1982, before any structures or other improvements had been made. Several council camporees were conducted on the grounds before Camp Seminole was fully operational. In June 1986, Camp Seminole was declared officially "open" when the Pushmataha Area Council summer camp was held there for the first time. Camp Seminole has

6072-629: The military, service academy graduates, in higher education and academia, major professions, the clergy, business and politics. Eagles are more likely to exercise for 30 minutes or more every day, volunteer for religious and nonreligious organizations, have closer relationships with family and friends, be in a leadership position at their place of employment or local community, donate money to charitable groups, and to work with others to improve their neighborhoods. Academic scholarships can be awarded to Eagle Scouts based upon academic, financial need and Scouting participation. The application requirement for

6164-652: The militia, a prominent lawyer, and a judge of the Mississippi Supreme Court. In 1863 Union Colonel Benjamin Grierson marched 900 troops through Louisville during his raid through Mississippi. There was no fighting in Winston County. In 1927, a mob of 1,000 white men from Louisville, lynched two African-Americans , Jim and Mark Fox by wrapping them in barbed wire and setting them on fire. The Foxes were accused of killing Clarence Nichols,

6256-463: The mini-medal after service uniforming committees all contacted the BSA and asked them to stop promoting the medal for wear on military dress uniforms. The Eagle Scout medal is not authorized for wear on any U.S. military uniform. Since its introduction, the Eagle Scout badge has undergone several design changes. Scouting historians have classified these badges into nine different designs, with several minor variations within each type. The cloth badge

6348-464: The national supply division of the National Eagle Scout Association (NESA) began to issue replica Eagle Scout medals for specific wear on U.S. military dress uniforms. These medals were designed to be proportionate to other military medals: they contained the same pendant, but no scroll, and a ribbon that had been made thinner and more rectangular in shape. However, in December 2007, NESA stopped selling

6440-479: The new NESA logo. In 1978, Robbins ceased manufacturing Eagle Scout medals and Stange switched to the last design used by Robbins. Minor differences are in the white edged ribbon and the sterling silver markings. In 1980 the price of silver rose dramatically and the medal was changed to silver-plated, die-struck copper. Very early versions were silver-plated and oxidized, thus the scroll and pendant are black. Later versions were oxidized, buffed and lacquered to maintain

6532-404: The number of merit badges needed to obtain Eagle, while reducing the list of required merit badges to ten, eliminating badges that required swimming and outdoor skills—both of which were later reinstated, and adding the requirement to show leadership during the service project. In 1978, the number of merit badges needed for Eagle was lowered to the original 21, and the number of required merit badges

6624-426: The pendant. The engraving on the 1930 version is especially fine. In 1933, BSA was removed from all of the Eagle Scout insignia, including the medal. In 1955 the obverse of the eagle pendant was made flat so it could be engraved. BSA was added back to the front and the reverse was returned to a full feathered design in 1969. Medal manufacturer Stange was authorized to begin producing Eagle Scout medals in 1968, at

6716-409: The population. There were 2,641 households, out of which 34.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.4% were married couples living together, 25.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.2% were non-families. 28.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.55 and

6808-472: The rank of Eagle Scout also become eligible, although are not required, to join the National Eagle Scout Association . The Scouts BSA's highest award was originally conceived as the Wolf Scout , described in the June 1911 Official Handbook for Boys . The August 1911 version of the handbook changed this to Eagle Scout . The medal illustrated in the handbook was a profile of an eagle in flight, but

6900-428: The rolled edge now in current use, thus eliminating the various colored backgrounds. The outside oval was then changed to red. With the introduction of the Improved Scouting Program in 1972 came an overhaul of many badges and emblems. The new stylized Eagle Scout badge with no text was a major change that proved to be unpopular. It appears that some Scouters commissioned reproductions of the 1956 badge for issue in place of

6992-461: The same time as Robbins – they created six distinct models. The 1968 version is very similar to the Robbins version, but the bend in the scroll is much flatter, more like a sideways V as compared to the S on the Robbins scroll. The BSA was added back to the front, and the obverse was returned to a full feathered design in 1970. A major re-design of the eagle pendant was made in 1974 to match

7084-576: The schools be integrated, students from Louisville Colored School were allowed to attend Louisville High School. In order to preserve a segregated education for White students only, a segregation academy , Winston Academy was created. The City of Louisville is now served by the Louisville Municipal School District and Louisville High School . Private schools in Louisville include Winston Academy, which as of 2020

7176-526: The scroll. There were 1,640 of this variety awarded, all made of sterling silver . In 1920, the Robbins Company took over production. They produced six distinct variants, all in sterling silver. The first 1920 version was similar to the Dieges & Clust design, but with smaller scroll lettering and the standard single knot. The second 1920 version has more distinctive feathering on the back side of

7268-479: The silver shine. Sterling silver medals were produced from the same dies and from this time were only available on special order. The year 1993 saw a number of changes. The clasp on the scroll was changed from the pin on type to a double clutch back. The pendant was changed to pewter and enlarged due to the lighter rigidity of the material. Custom Fine Jewelry (CFJ) took over the contract in 1999 and has currently created three types. The initial versions were based on

7360-570: The theater to raise money for the building's restoration. Mississippi Highway 14 enters east from the Alabama state line through Macon and when it enters in Louisville it is also known as Main Street. It leaves westbound eventually traveling to the Mississippi River where it ends. Mississippi Highway 15 enters from the north from Ackerman, MS , then meets up with Mississippi Highway 25 just north of Louisville. M.S. 25 enters from

7452-457: Was $ 27,485, and the median income for a family was $ 31,750. Males had a median income of $ 29,951 versus $ 17,491 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 15,857. About 24.8% of families and 28.5% of the population were below the poverty line , including 39.3% of those under age 18 and 20.9% of those age 65 or over. Prior to 1970, Louisville maintained a dual system of schools for White and Black students. Black students were educated at

7544-433: Was at this time that Eagle Scout became a full-fledged rank. In 1952, age limits were set so that adults over 18 years of age could no longer earn Eagle Scout and the service project requirement was slightly expanded to "do your best to help in your home, school, church or synagogue, and community." In 1958, the number of required merit badges increased again to 16 of the 21 total merit badges needed to obtain Eagle, along with

7636-480: Was awarded in 1912 to Arthur Rose Eldred , a 17-year-old member of Troop 1 of Rockville Centre , Long Island , New York. Records show that not only the national officers sat on Eldred's Board of Review, but also included Lord Baden-Powell who just arrived in the United States earlier in the day of January 31, 1912. Eldred was notified that he was to be awarded the rank of Eagle Scout in a letter from Chief Scout Executive James West , dated August 21, 1912. The design of

7728-639: Was changed to standard thread in 1989. Later variants increased the thread count of the white stripe to eliminate the visible background. For the 2010 centennial , all of the rank badges had 2010 added to the text. To recognize the Eagle Scout centennial in 2012, a new version was released with Eagle Scout and Centennial in silver and with 1912 and 2012 in gold. Eagle Scout hat pins were produced from 1921 through 1958 with several variations. Eagle Scouts who earned additional merit badges were recognized using Eagle Palms, introduced in 1927. Adults who had earned Eagle Scout began to be recognized in 1934 with

7820-404: Was changed to the current design before any were issued. In their original conceptions, Life Scout , Star Scout (Life preceded Star until 1924) and Eagle Scout were not ranks, but part of the merit badge system that recognized Scouts who had earned a specified number of merit badges. Eagle Scout was awarded to any First Class Scout who had earned 21 merit badges. The first Eagle Scout medal

7912-491: Was introduced for Eagle Scouts attending the 2nd World Scout Jamboree in Denmark in 1924 with a design based on the hat pin. The Eagle Scout merit badge was sewn onto the top of the merit badge sash that was also created for the jamboree. The design is quite similar to the current badge. As with other patches of the time, the rank badges were embroidered onto rolls of fabric and then cut. The edges were folded under before sewing

8004-621: Was issued in the name of the local council, as Pushmataha Lodge. In January, 1942, Pushmataha Lodge chose its Native American name, Watonala Lodge. In the Choctaw language , Watonala means "white egret", or "white water bird". The first lodge event was held in the spring of 1940 at the Natchez Trace Game Preserve, near Houston, Mississippi . Lodge membership began to grow, as new Arrowmen were inducted during each council camporee . Membership slowed considerably during World War II , but resumed its pre-war growth during

8096-528: Was recognized as the one-millionth Eagle Scout, and Anthony Thomas of Lakeville, Minnesota , was the two-millionth in 2009. Hamilton Bradley of Rome, New York , is the earliest known Black Eagle Scout in BSA history. His Eagle Scout court of honor was held at 7:30 p.m. on Dec. 19, 1919, at the Rome Free Academy , according to Rome Daily Sentinel records from the time. On October 11, 2017, Boy Scouts of America announced they would begin

8188-655: Was resigning, and as of April, 2010, the Scout Executive position is still vacant. The BSA Regional Director is acting as the official Scout Executive for the council until one is hired. The Regional Director is in another state, and is not present to oversee day-to-day operations of the council. The council is being operated by a small corps of volunteers, and the 2010 FOS campaigns are being run by volunteers with no professional guidance or assistance. The Council President, George Purnell, has been in office for six years. All previous council presidents (1925–2004) served

8280-610: Was set at 11 (this was changed to 12 in 1993 with the addition of Family Life). In 2014 the number of Eagle-required merit badges was increased to 13 with the re-addition of Cooking; in 2022, it was increased to 14 with the addition of Citizenship in Society. Scouts must earn the following 11 merit badges as there are no alternates: Camping, Citizenship in the Community, Citizenship in the Nation, Citizenship in Society, Citizenship in

8372-403: Was still over 99% white, and Grace Christian School. The American Heritage "Big Red" Fire Museum is located in Louisville. This museum features a collection of restored antique fire equipment and fire engines . The Strand Theatre, in downtown Louisville, is an historic movie theater which now serves as an art and music venue. Louisville native Carl Jackson plays an annual Christmas concert at

8464-422: Was unable to earn a single Eagle Palm. The Eagle Scout badge is worn on the left shirt pocket by youth. Adult leaders who earned the rank of Eagle Scout as a youth may wear the square knot on their uniform above the left shirt pocket. The Eagle Scout medal is worn on the left shirt pocket flap of the uniform . It is usually only worn on ceremonial occasions, and can be worn by both youth and adults while wearing

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