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18-493: Pyeong'an Province was formed in 1413. Its name derived from the names of two of its principal cities, Pyeongyang (Korean:  평양 ; Hanja:  平壤 ) and Anju (Korean:  안주 ; Hanja:  安州 ). In 1895, the province was replaced by the Districts of Ganggye (Korean:  강계부 ; Hanja:  江界府 ) in the northeast, Uiju County (Korean:  의주부 ; Hanja:  義州府 ) in

36-668: Is the most populous city in Gangwon Province, South Korea , with a population of 364,860 as of 2023. The city is located approximately 140 kilometres (87 mi) east of Seoul . During the time of Great Joseon , Wonju was the capital of the historic Gangwon Province , one of the Eight Provinces of Korea . Wonju was the site of the first ever massacres conducted by the Republic of Korea Army against suspected communists that occurred on 30 June 1950. On 2 July of

54-512: The Eight Provinces . In 1895, as part of the Gabo Reform , the country was redivided into 23 districts ( Bu; 부; 府 ), which were replaced a year later by thirteen new provinces. The thirteen provinces of 1896 included three of the original eight provinces, with the five remaining original provinces divided into north and south halves ( Bukdo (북도; 北道 ) and Namdo (남도; 南道 ) respectively). The thirteen provinces remained unchanged throughout

72-865: The Japanese colonial period . With the liberation of Korea in 1945, the Korean peninsula was divided into North Korea and South Korea , with the dividing line established along the 38th parallel . As a result, three provinces— Hwanghae , Gyeonggi , and Gangwon (Kangwŏn)—were divided into North Korea and South Korea in today's era. The special cities of Seoul (South Korea) and P'yŏngyang (North Korea) were formed in 1946. Between 1946 and 1954, five new provinces were created: Jeju in South Korea, and North and South Hwanghae , Chagang , and Ryanggang in North Korea. Since 1954, provincial boundaries in both

90-403: The 10th century, twelve divisions called mok ( 목 ; 牧 ) were established, although they were reorganized into ten do ( 도 ; 道 ) in the 11th century. After Joseon 's conquest of Goryeo, it reorganized the peninsula into eight do in 1413. The provincial boundaries closely reflected major regional and dialect boundaries, and are still often referred to in Korean today simply as

108-450: The 38th parallel. Also in 1946, the cities of Seoul in the south and Pyongyang in the north separated from Gyeonggi and South Pyongan Provinces respectively to become Special Cities. Both North Korea and South Korea have subsequently upgraded other cities to a level equal to a province, and these cities ( special cities of North Korea and special cities of South Korea [ qq.v. ]) are sometimes counted along with provinces. Finally,

126-577: The North and South have remained unchanged but new cities and special administrative regions have been created. The Korean peninsula was mostly unified for the first time by the state Silla in the 7th century. Silla's capital was Geumseong (now Gyeongju ). It had five sub-capitals ( 소경 ; 小京 ; sogyeong ) at Geumgwan-gyeong ( 금관경 , now Gimhae ), Namwon-gyeong (남원경, Namwon ), Seowon-gyeong ( 서원경 , Cheongju ), Jungwon-gyeong ( 중원경 , Chungju ), and Bugwon-gyeong ( 북원경 , Wonju ). The country

144-538: The country had one royal district ( 기내 ; 畿內 ; ginae ) around Gaegyeong and twelve administrative districts ( 목 ; 牧 ; mok ). In 995, the twelve districts were redivided into ten provinces ( 도 ; 道 ; do ). In 1005, the ten provinces were again redivided, this time into five provinces and two frontier districts ( 계 ; 界 ; gye ). Gyojudo later became its own province after 1178, making it six provinces and two frontier districts. In 1413, Korea (at that time called Joseon)

162-564: The new provinces of Jeju Province (in the south, in 1946) and Chagang Province (in the north, 1949) were formed, from parts of South Jeolla and North Pyongan respectively. In 1954, Ryanggang Province was split from South Hamgyong and Hwanghae was divided into North and South Hwanghae Provinces . The following table lists the present provincial divisions in the Korean Peninsula . Wonju Wonju ( Korean :  원주 ; Korean pronunciation: [wʌn.dʑu] )

180-496: The north. Unlike much of Gangwon Province, Wonju is not a mountainous area, but rather a basin along the wide plain created by the Seom River . Wonju is divided into 1 eup (town), 8 myeon (townships), and 16 dong (neighborhoods). There is one international school: Wonju Chinese Primary School ( traditional Chinese : 原州華僑小學校 ; ; Korean : 원주화교소학교 ). According to data released by Wonju City Hall in 2015,

198-412: The northwest, and Pyeongyang (Korean:  평양부 ; Hanja:  平壤府 ) in the south. In 1896, Kanggye and Ŭiju Districts were reorganized into North Pyongan Province , and Pyeongyang District was reorganized as South Pyongan Province . North and South Pyongan Provinces are part of North Korea. Pyeong'an was bounded on the east by Hamgyeong Province , on the south by Hwanghae Province , on

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216-482: The number of kindergartens located in Wonju was 71. There are 48 elementary and 22 middle schools, respectively. In the case of high schools, there are 15 general high schools, 2 special purpose high schools, and 3 specialized high schools, a total of 20. A Rail Park has been built on the disused rail tracks connecting the stations of Pandae and Ganhyeon, for a total of 6.5 km (4.0 mi). The total ride journey

234-581: The same year, the Korean People's Army attacked Wonju before capturing it on 7 July. Throughout the Korean War, Wonju was the site of three crucial battles . Wonju sits at the southwestern corner of Gangwon Province, bordering Gyeonggi Province to the west and North Chungcheong Province to the south. Within Gangwon, Wonju borders Yeongwol County to the east and Hoengseong County to

252-593: The same, only taking on the Japanese reading of the hanja . The Provinces of Chōsen were: At the end of World War II in 1945, Korea was divided into Northern Korea and Southern Korea under trusteeship of the Soviet Union and the United States . The peninsula was divided at the 38th parallel in 1945. In 1948, the two zones became the independent countries of North Korea and South Korea . Three provinces—Hwanghae, Gyeonggi, and Gangwon—were divided by

270-597: The west by the Yellow Sea , and on the north by Qing China . The regional name for the province was Gwanseo . Provinces of Korea#Districts of Late Joseon Korea has had administrative districts that can be considered provinces since the 7th century. These divisions were initially called ju ( Korean :  주 ; Hanja :  州 ) in Unified Silla and Later Baekje , and there were nine in total. After Goryeo conquered these states in

288-401: Was divided into eight provinces: Chungcheong , Gangwon , Gyeonggi , Gyeongsang , Jeolla , Hamgyŏng (originally called Yeonggil), Hwanghae (originally called P'unghae), and P'yŏngan . In 1895, Korea was redivided into 23 districts ( Bu; 부; 府 ), each named for the city or county that was its capital. The districts were short-lived, however, as the following year, the provincial system

306-556: Was divided into nine provinces ( 주 ; ju ): three in the pre-660 territory of Silla, and three each in the territories of the former kingdoms Baekje and Goguryeo . Goryeo was established in the 10th century, and had its capital at Gaegyeong (now Kaesong ). It conquered Silla and Later Baekje , and also conquered parts of the former territory of Goguryeo . Goryeo had three subcapitals: Donggyeong (now Gyeongju ), Namgyeong (now Seoul ), and Seogyeong (now Pyongyang ). Goryeo reorganized its provinces several times. Originally,

324-699: Was restored. In 1896, the former eight provinces were restored, with five of them (Chungcheong, Gyeongsang, Jeolla, Hamgyŏng, and P'yŏngan) being divided into North and South Provinces ( Bukdo (북도; 北道 ) and Namdo (남도; 南道 ) respectively). The resulting system of thirteen provinces lasted until the Division of Korea in 1945. The thirteen provinces were: North and South Chungcheong , Gangwon , Gyeonggi , North and South Gyeongsang , North and South Hamgyŏng , Hwanghae , North and South Jeolla , and North and South P'yŏngan . Under Colonial Japanese rule , Korean provinces of Korean Empire , remained much

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