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68-469: Quetzaltenango ( Spanish pronunciation: [ketsalteˈnaŋɡo] , also known by its Maya name Xelajú [ʃelaˈχu] or Xela [ˈʃela] ) is both the seat of the namesake Department and municipality , in Guatemala . The city is located in a mountain valley at an elevation of 2,330 meters (7,640 feet) above sea level at its lowest part. It may reach above 2,400 m (7,900 ft) within

136-487: A Guatemalan prison, where they were themselves murdered several days later by a group of gunmen disguised as prison guards. Guatemalan president Óscar Berger attributed the officers' murders to an apparent mafia hit aimed at hindering investigation into the representatives’ murders. The killings raised questions regarding corruption and drug trafficking in Central America as well as the high level of infiltration of

204-657: A campaign promise. On 11 December 2009, law 78 passed withdrawing Panama from PARLACEN, but a resolution of the Central American Court of Justice declared the law unconstitutional. The court said there is no mechanism to withdraw from the PARLACEN and Panama could not opt out. In January 2012, the Panamanian Supreme Court re-affirmed that ruling and Panama returned to PARLACEN. Panama also showed more interest in membership after SICA signed

272-911: A free trade agreement with the European Union . The PARLACEN is the regional and permanent organ of political and democratic representation of the System of Central American Integration (SICA) with the main purpose to realize the Central American integration. PARLACEN's organisational structure consists of the Plenum, the Board of Parliament, and the Secretary Office. The Plenum is the highest body of PARLACEN and includes all representatives. The committees and parliamentary parties are also involved with its tasks. The responsibilities of

340-617: A major crop in the area. As a result, the economy of Xela prospered. Much fine Belle Époque architecture can still be found in the city. On October 24, 1902, at 5:00 pm, the Santa María Volcano erupted. Rocks and ash fell on Quetzaltenango at 6 PM, only one hour after the eruption. In the 1920s, a young Romani woman named Vanushka Cardena Barajas died and was buried in the Xela city cemetery. An active legend has developed around her tomb that says those who bring flowers or write

408-612: A request on her tomb will be reunited with their former romantic partners. The Guatemalan songwriter Alvaro Aguilar wrote a song based on this legend. In 1930 the only electric railway in Guatemala, the Ferrocarril de Los Altos , was inaugurated. It was built by AEG and Krupp and had 14 train cars. The track connected Quetzaltenango with San Felipe , Retalhuleu . It was soon destroyed by mudslides and finally demolished in 1933. The people of Quetzaltenango are still very proud of

476-541: A statement to support a One China policy. The following year, on 21 August 2023, the PARLACEN Plenary Assembly voted to revoke the permanent observer status of Taiwan's legislative body and include China ’s National People’s Congress as a permanent observer instead. The vote was made at the request of the Nicaraguan delegation which argued that "Taiwan lacks recognition as a sovereign state at

544-420: Is 2,333 metres (7,654 ft) above mean sea level. The principal mountains include the volcanoes Cerro Quemado , Chicabal , Lacandon , Santa María , Santiaguito , Santo Tomás (also known as Picul) and Siete Orejas , as well as Zunil peak, often erroneously referred to as a volcano. Cerro Quemado produces a number of thermal springs, several of which have been converted into baths . The area covered by

612-622: Is another small site on a hilltop in Cantel municipality, dated to the Early Postclassic period (c. 950-1200 AD). The departmental government is headed by the Governor of Quetzaltenango, who is appointed directly by the president of Guatemala. Aldo Herrera Scheel was appointed as departmental governor in 2024 by president Bernardo Arévalo . Former presidents of Guatemala Manuel Estrada Cabrera and Jacobo Árbenz Guzmán were from

680-537: Is bordered on the west by the department of San Marcos , by the departments of Retalhuleu and Suchitepéquez to the south, by Huehuetenango Department to the north and by the departments of Totonicapán and Sololá to the east. The department is mountainous in nature and includes a wide range of altitudes, from 350 metres (1,150 ft) in Génova to 2,800 metres (9,200 ft) in Sibilia . The average altitude

748-469: Is divided into wet and dry seasons, with most rain falling in July and September. The driest months of the year are December through to February. The department falls within two principal biomes , classified as subtropical moist forest and tropical and subtropical coniferous forest . The former is a lower altitude zone characterised by corozo palms and conacaste ( Enterolobium cyclocarpum ). The latter

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816-466: Is filled by a rota system corresponding to the alphabetical order of the member states, starting with the state which holds the head office. It is possible to appeal any resolution at the Plenum. The tasks of the board are The secretary office is the technical-administrative organ of PARLACEN and is divided into three sections, which have the following basic functions and responsibilities: The secretary office for parliamentary affairs handles and obeys

884-406: Is higher altitude featuring pine , cypress and sycamore . The 2018 census recorded the department's population at 799,101 inhabitants. The inhabitants are divided between three principal ethnicities; Ladino , Kʼicheʼ Maya and Mam Maya . Three languages are spoken in the department, broadly corresponding to the ethnic groups; Spanish , Kʼicheʼ and Mam . In 2004, 40.4% of the population

952-456: Is not worn by the indigenous inhabitants. These trajes are manufactured by the local inhabitants themselves. The wide climatic variation within the department resulting from differences in altitude gives rise to a diverse range of agricultural products. These include apples , beetroot , cabbages , carrots , high quality coffee , common beans , maize , onions , peaches , plums , potatoes , radishes , turnips and wheat . Almolonga

1020-507: Is the main producer of vegetables, both for the national market and for export, principally to Mexico and countries in Central America . Salcajá is known for its production of a fruit liquor called caldo de frutas ("fruit wine"). Other products of the department include woolen textiles, cotton, silk, ceramics, alcoholic beverages and flour. Poorer high altitude areas of the department experience seasonal migration of workers to

1088-785: Is the political institution and parliamentary body of the Central American Integration System (SICA). Its headquarters are in Guatemala City . The PARLACEN origins date back to the Contadora Group , a project of the 1980s that sought to help resolve the civil wars in El Salvador , Guatemala , and Nicaragua . Although the Contadora group was disbanded in 1986, the idea of a greater Central American integration remained, giving rise to

1156-632: The Luna de Xelajú waltz . Guatemalan historian Adrián Inés Chávez, who produced a Spanish translation of the Popul Vuh , was also from the department. PARLACEN   Parliamentary Left (22)   Integrationist Democratic Unity (20) 14°36′57″N 90°30′38″W  /  14.61583301682892°N 90.5105865068205°W  / 14.61583301682892; -90.5105865068205 The Central American Parliament ( Spanish : Parlamento Centroamericano ), also known as PARLACEN ,

1224-414: The 2018 Central American and Caribbean Games . It planned to build a 30,000-seat stadium by 2016, as well seven new facilities for indoor sports and aquatics. The city has a system of micro-buses for quick and cheap movement. A micro-bus is essentially a large van stuffed with seats. Micro-buses are numbered based on the route they take (e.g., " Ruta 7 "). There is no government-run mass transport system in

1292-607: The Club Xelajú MC soccer team. The team competes at Estadio Mario Camposeco which has a capacity of 13,500 and is the most successful non-capital team in the Liga Nacional de Fútbol de Guatemala . Due to the city's high altitude many athletes have prepared themselves here such as Olympic silver medalist Erick Barrondo and the 2004 Cuban volleyball team. The swimming team has enjoyed success in national and international events. Quetzaltenango withdrew from hosting

1360-720: The Esquipulas II Agreement , which among other things, created the Central American Parliament. The Treaty establishing the Central American Parliament and other political bodies was signed in 1987; its first formal session was carried out on 28 October 1991 in Guatemala City. The PARLACEN as a political body in the region is part of the Central American Integration System SICA, established by

1428-734: The Kʼicheʼ Kingdom of Qʼumarkaj . Pedro de Alvarado had initially advanced with his army along the Pacific coast without opposition until they reached the Samalá River ; this region formed a part of the Kʼicheʼ kingdom. Alvarado then turned to head upriver into the Sierra Madre mountains towards the Kʼicheʼ heartlands, crossing the pass into the fertile valley of Quetzaltenango . On 12 February 1524 Alvarado's Mexican allies were ambushed in

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1496-537: The Spanish conquest the territory included in the modern department formed a part of the Kʼicheʼ Kingdom of Qʼumarkaj . The kingdom was defeated by the Spanish under Pedro de Alvarado in a number of decisive battles fought near the city of Quetzaltenango, then known as Xelaju. In the 19th century the territory of the modern department was included in the short-lived Central American state of Los Altos . The department

1564-522: The "capital of the Mayas". From 1838 to 1840 Quetzaltenango was the capital of the state of Los Altos , one of the states or provinces of the Federal Republic of Central America . As the union broke up, the army of Rafael Carrera conquered Quetzaltenango making it part of Guatemala. In 1850, the city had a population of approximately 20,000. During the 19th century, coffee was introduced as

1632-527: The El Naranjo River in the municipality of San Carlos Sija, and the Las Palomas and Xocal Rivers in the municipality of Concepción Chiquirichapa. The average temperature in the department of Quetzaltenango varies between 15 and 24 °C (59 and 75 °F), however there is wide variation due to the great difference in altitude in various parts of the department. On the lower Pacific slopes

1700-602: The Maya ruler Tecún Umán here. When Alvarado conquered the city for Spain in the 1520s, he called it by the Nahuatl name used by his Central Mexican Indian allies, "Quetzaltenango", generally considered to mean "the place of the quetzal bird." Quetzaltenango became the city's official name in colonial times. However, many people (especially the indigenous population) continue to call the city "Xelajú" or more commonly "Xela" for short, and some proudly, but unofficially, consider it

1768-589: The Pacific lowlands in order to work on coffee, sugarcane and cotton plantations. Quetzaltenango city is the main tourist hub for the department and is a centre for cultural tourism. Most hotels are located in Quetzaltenango city and Coatepeque, with 495 registered hotels in 2006. Quetzaltenango city is also a centre for tourists studying Spanish as a second language, with 35 Spanish schools in 2006. Tourist attractions outside Quetzaltenango city include

1836-419: The Plenum and is the administrative body of PARLACEN. It is expandable according to its internal rules. The board of parliament is elected from the members. Its term is one year, made up of one president, five vice-presidents, and six secretaries. The board makes its decisions by approval of a majority of its members. In the event of a tie, the votes of the presidency count as qualified majority. The presidency

1904-403: The Plenum are the following: The parliamentary committees are parliamentary authorities who – in order to draw up a corresponding report – are supposed to conduct studies and examinations which are either within their sphere of competence or are directed to them by the board or the Plenum. The working committees of PARLACEN can be structured as follows. Permanent commissions are established in

1972-573: The Protocol of Tegucigalpa to the Charter of the Organization of American States (ODECA) signed on 13 December 1991. SICA has the fundamental aim to realize an integration that is political and ideological representative in a pluralistic democratic system that guarantees free elections and participation under equal conditions for political parties. The historic Declaration of Esquipulas I, which

2040-704: The SICA, has not ratified the Esquipulas II agreement, and is not represented in the Parlacen. Parlacen is seen by some (including former President of Honduras Ricardo Maduro ) as a white elephant . On February 19, 2007, a group of three Salvadoran representatives were murdered by four Guatemalan police officers, including the head of the Guatemalan National Police organized crime unit. The killers were arrested three days later and detained in

2108-537: The Santa María volcano. This was followed by a major eruption of the volcano from 24 to 26 October of the same year. The volcano emitted a massive column of ash, provoking a fierce lightning storm. The explosions emitted by the volcano were audible up to 160 kilometres (99 mi) away. The government of Manuel Estrada Cabrera initially denied that the eruption had taken place in Guatemala, instead claiming that it had occurred in neighbouring Mexico . Although

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2176-530: The Spanish accounts are clear that at least one and possibly two of the lords of Qʼumarkaj died in the fierce battles upon the initial approach to Quetzaltenango. The death of Tecun Uman is said to have taken place in the battle of El Pinar, and local tradition has his death taking place upon the Llanos de Urbina (Plains of Urbina), upon the approach to Quetzaltenango near the modern village of Cantel . Pedro de Alvardo, in his 3rd letter to Hernán Cortés, describes

2244-625: The United Nations” and that the "observer status that Taiwan holds at PARLACEN is illegitimate due to lack of legal status”, also noting a UN resolution concerning Chinese representation at the UN. The Chinese government welcomed the development. PARLACEN is the regional assembly of SICA and acts as a permanent political organ to represent opinions and to carry out analyses and discussions about political, economic and cultural affairs of common interest, of basic conditions for democracy, peace, and

2312-409: The average low is 6.4 °C or 43.5 °F and the average high is 22.5 °C or 72.5 °F. Historically, the city produced wheat , maize , fruits, and vegetables. It also had a healthy livestock industry. Livestock was exported throughout the country and to El Salvador . As of 1850, wheat was the largest export, followed by cacao , sugar , wool and cotton . Quetzaltenango is home to

2380-432: The beginning, it was an instrument which came into force for only three states (Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras) on 1 May 1990. PARLACEN was formed on 28 October 1991 and has its head office in Guatemala City , Republic of Guatemala . The Legislative Yuan , Taiwan ’s legislative body, was granted permanent observer status at PARLACEN in 1999. However PARLACEN signaled a shift in approach when on 28 April 2022 it made

2448-527: The city of Quetzaltenango functioning as its capital. The state was crushed in 1840 by general Rafael Carrera Turcios , at that time between periods in office as Guatemalan president . Quetzaltenango was declared a department by decree of the Asamblea Nacional Constituyente on 16 September 1845. In 1902 Quetzaltenango suffered a number of serious earthquakes. An earthquake struck on 18 April 1902, with its epicentre within

2516-484: The city. The Municipality of Quetzaltenango consists of an area of 122 km (47 sq mi). Municipalities abutting the municipality of Quetzaltenango include Salcajá , Cantel , Almolonga , Zunil , El Palmar , Concepción Chiquirichapa , San Mateo , La Esperanza , and Olintepeque in Quetzaltenango department and San Andrés Xecul in Totonicapán department. In pre-Columbian times, Quetzaltenango

2584-507: The city. The sole public means of transport is the bus or micro-buses. Transportation to other cities is provided by bus. Bicycling is a way to get around and to travel to (and in) rural areas. Quetzaltenango Airport provides air service to the city. Quetzaltenango (Xela) is the center of many schools and Universities that provide Education to locals and many thousands of students from the surrounding cities and departments (states) and international students from North America and Europe, that's

2652-462: The climate in Quetzaltenango can go from mild to chilly, with occasional sporadic warm episodes. The daily high is usually reached around noon. From then on, temperatures decrease exceptionally fast. The city is quite dry, except during the rainy season. Quetzaltenango is the coolest major city in Guatemala. There are two main seasons in Quetzaltenango (as in all of Guatemala); the rainy season, which generally runs from late May through late October, and

2720-420: The death of one of the four lords of Qʼumarkaj upon the approach to Quetzaltenango. The letter was dated 11 April 1524 and was written during his stay at Qʼumarkaj. Almost a week later, on 18 February 1524, a Kʼicheʼ army confronted the Spanish army in the Quetzaltenango valley where they were comprehensively defeated, with many Kʼicheʼ nobles among the dead. Such were the numbers of Kʼicheʼ dead that Olintepeque

2788-484: The decisions of PARLACEN. It reports to the Plenum on a regular basis and is of technical assistance to the Plenum as well as to the commissions in all of their activities. It coordinates and manages the advice of the commissions and has to assist the extended board with developing the agenda for Plenum meetings when necessary. The secretary office for administration and finance has to administer all branches, manager's offices, departments and administrative units, as well as

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2856-410: The department allows for the production of a variety of agricultural products, including temperate fruits, vegetables and cereals in the highlands, as well as coffee on the lower slopes. Quetzaltenango department has produced a number of high-profile Guatemalans, including several presidents as well as a number of musicians. The department takes its name from the city of Quetzaltenango, which serves as

2924-471: The department is seismically active, with earthquakes measuring from 4.5 to 5.2 on the Richter scale . The broken terrain of the department includes a number of wide valleys, including those occupied by the city of Quetzaltenango and the towns of San Juan Ostuncalco and Concepción Chiquirichapa. The varied terrain of the department also includes plains, canyons and high cliffs. The most important river in

2992-481: The department is the Samalá River , flowing through the municipalities of Cantel , El Palmar , San Carlos Sija , Quetzaltenango , San Juan Ostuncalco and Zunil . The river flows into Quetzaltenango department from the neighbouring department of Totonicapán and flows southwards into the department of Retalhuleu. Other notable rivers in the department include the Tumalá River in the municipality of Cajolá,

3060-496: The department of Quetzaltenango. Manuel Estrada was born in the city of Quetzaltenango on 21 November 1857, Jacobo Árbenz was born in the same city on 14 September 1913. Quetzaltenango Department also produced the musicians Jesús Castillo , writer of the Quiché Winak opera, and his brother Ricardo Castillo , as well as the classical musician Mariano Valverde. Another notable musician was Francisco "Paco" Pérez , who wrote

3128-585: The departmental capital. Although the original Kʼicheʼ inhabitants knew the city by the name Xelaju , the Nahuatl -speaking allies of the Spanish Conquistadors named it Quetzaltenango in their own language, meaning "land of the quetzal birds". The territory that came to be included within the modern department of Quetzaltenango was the scene of several decisive battles in February 1524 between Spanish conquistador Pedro de Alvarado and

3196-678: The dry season, which runs from early November until April. During the rainy season, rain falls consistently, usually in the afternoons, but there are occasions in which it rains all day long or at least during the morning. During the dry season, the city frequently will not receive a single drop of rain for months on end. The coldest months are November through February, with minimum temperatures averaging 4 °C or 39.2 °F, and maximum temperatures averaging 22 °C or 71.6 °F. The warmest months are March through July, with minimum temperatures averaging 8 °C or 46.4 °F and maximum temperatures averaging 23 °C or 73.4 °F. Yearly,

3264-518: The eruption caused great loss of life in western Guatemala, the Guatemalan government downplayed its severity. The activity of the volcano continued until 1906, followed be a period of calm that lasted until 1922. A new series of eruptions took place from 1922 through to 1929, and formed a new side crater, the Santiaguito volcano. On the night of 11 November 1929, a lava flow descended from

3332-415: The integration of Central America, as well to work out initiatives for its realization. It is charged with furthering human rights and international law , to achieve a peaceful coexistence within the framework of security and social welfare, a mission which is well-founded in representative and participative democracy, in pluralism, and in respect for national legislation and international law. PARLACEN has

3400-458: The internal rules to work on affairs of the commission with unlimited duration. The permanent commissions are formed of at most two representatives per state, not exceeding twelve members in total. As of 2015 , there were thirteen permanent commissions: There is also a delegation of EUROLAT. Extraordinary commissions are established by the Plenum for affairs that are of special importance and institutional significance for PARLACEN as well as for

3468-480: The member state according to article 2 of the Internal Regulations of the Central American Parliament. The former president of every member state, as well as every vice-president and prime minister, are also de jure members of the PARLACEN from the end of their term till the end of their successor's term. Costa Rica , one of the wealthier countries in the region and an otherwise-active participant in

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3536-407: The pass and driven back by the Kʼicheʼ warriors but the Spanish cavalry charge that followed was a shock for the Kʼicheʼ who had never seen horses before. The cavalry scattered the Kʼicheʼ and the army crossed to the city of Xelaju, modern Quetzaltenango, to find it deserted by its inhabitants. Although the common view is that the Kʼicheʼ prince Tecun Uman died in the later battle near Olintepeque ,

3604-400: The personnel of PARLACEN, and has to control the proper administration of its resources. The secretary office of the board offers technical help to the board in questions relating to the responsibilities of and the topics determined by the board. The 20 elected members representing every member state the Central American Parliament are elected at the same time as the presidential elections of

3672-555: The plenary assembly. The board of parliament registers each parliamentary group. The statute is published and states the group's ideological principles, the political objectives and the regulations. There are three parliamentary groups: the Parliamentary Group of the Left , Center-Democratic Integration Group , and Democratic Integrationist Union. The board of parliament is the executive body for decisions that emerge from

3740-435: The process of integration. But can also help you when you need the most help like right now. Special commissions are established by the board of parliament to handle special affairs. The parliamentary groups monitor the political trend of the Central American representatives and are organized according to the political orientation of their groups. The parliamentary groups are founded by the adoption of an internal statute by

3808-632: The railway. A railway museum has been established in the city center. Since the late 1990s Quetzaltenango has been having an economic boom, which makes it the city with the second-highest contribution to the Guatemalan economy. With its first high-rise buildings being built, it is expected by 2015 to have a more prominent skyline, with buildings up to 15 floors tall. In 2008, the Central American Congress PARLACEN announced that every September 15, Quetzaltenango will be Central America 's capital of culture. Quetzaltenango

3876-479: The reason it's a very important city for the south-west/north-west region of the Country of Guatemala, for many decades Quetzaltenango has produced distinguished Citizens through all Educational establishments, among those we can mention: Quetzaltenango is twinned with: 14°50′N 91°31′W  /  14.833°N 91.517°W  / 14.833; -91.517 Quetzaltenango Department Prior to

3944-468: The region and the integration of Central America. Therefore the foundation of PARLACEN is necessary. Its members are elected freely by universal and direct elections through which the principle of political and participative pluralism is followed." The agreement of PARLACEN and other political authorities was signed in October 1987 by Guatemala , El Salvador , Costa Rica , Nicaragua , and Honduras . In

4012-562: The status of a legal entity according to international law. The following countries comprise the PARLACEN: Between 1998 and 2010, the Dominican Republic sent 22 appointed members. Since 2010, it has been a full member of the Central American Parliament with delegates elected directly by universal suffrage. (See note) President of Panama Ricardo Martinelli vowed he would remove Panama from PARLACEN, fulfilling

4080-638: The temperature can reach as high as 35 °C (95 °F), while temperatures as low as −7 °C (19 °F) have been recorded at higher altitudes. Average annual rainfall is 2,000 millimetres (79 in) in the municipality of Almolonga, and parts of the department at higher altitudes experience frost in the months from November through to March. The municipality of Cantel receives an average annual rainfall that varies between 2,000 and 4,000 millimetres (79 and 157 in); in Huitán it varies between 1,800 and 3,500 millimetres (71 and 138 in). The year

4148-555: The thermal baths located around the Cerro Quemado volcano, including the thermal baths of Almolonga, Aguas Amargas ("Bitter Waters") and Fuentes Georginas, which has become a tourist attraction of some importance. In 2010, seasonal rains uncovered the small Kʼicheʼ archaeological site of Chojolom in the municipality of Cantel. It has been tentatively dated to the Postclassic Period (c. 950-1521 AD). Cerro Quiac

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4216-472: The volcano towards El Palmar, killing hundreds of people, setting fire to a number of mountainsides and burying coffee plantations under several metres of lava. The department of Quetzaltenango is situated in the western highlands of Guatemala and covers an area of approximately 1,951 square kilometres (753 sq mi), approximately 1.8% of the total area of the Republic of Guatemala. The department

4284-529: Was a city of the Mam Maya people called Xelajú, although by the time of the Spanish Conquest it had become part of the K'iche' Kingdom of Q'umarkaj . The name may be derived from xe laju' noj meaning "under ten mountains". The city was said to have already been over 300 years old when the Spanish first arrived. With the help of his allies , Conquistador Pedro de Alvarado defeated and killed

4352-422: Was adopted by the presidents of the Central American states in the city of Esquipulas ( Guatemala ) on 25 May 1986, included the following declaration: "It is necessary to establish and complement activities that support understanding and cooperation with institutional structures. They shall make possible to strengthen the dialogue, the common development, democracy and pluralism as fundamental elements for peace in

4420-403: Was created by decree in 1845, five years after the fledgling state was crushed by Rafael Carrera . The department has wide variations in local climate, due largely to marked differences in altitude in different areas. The year is divided into wet and dry seasons, with the wet season lasting from July to September and the dry season running from December to February. The wide climatic variation in

4488-435: Was given the new name Xequiquel , roughly meaning "bathed in blood". This battle exhausted the Kʼicheʼ militarily and they asked for peace and offered tribute, inviting Pedro de Alvarado into their capital Qʼumarkaj. On 2 February 1838, Quetzaltenango joined together with Huehuetenango, El Quiché, Retalhuleu, San Marcos, Sololá, Suchitepéquez and Totonicapán to form the short-lived Central American state of Los Altos , with

4556-452: Was listed as non-indigenous (i.e. Ladino) and 59.6% as indigenous (mainly Kʼicheʼ and Mam). In 1999, average life expectancy was calculated as 63.7 years. In the same year, 63.7% of dwellings had electricity, 70.1% had drinking water and 92.5% had sanitation. Each municipality is known for its different traditional indigenous dress, with the exceptions of Coatepeque, Colomba, Flores Costa Cuca and San Carlos Sija, where traditional clothing

4624-492: Was supposed to host 2018 Central American and Caribbean Games but dropped out due to a lack of funding for the event. In March 2022, indigenous activists began blockading the central waste deposit near Valle de Palajunoj to protest a city development plan enacted by the municipal authorities in June 2017. According to Köppen climate classification , Quetzaltenango features a subtropical highland climate ( Cwb ). In general,

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