The Cavalry Corps of the Army of Northern Virginia was an organized unit of cavalry in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War . Starting out as a brigade in late 1861, becoming a division in 1862 and finally a Corps in 1863; it served in the Eastern Theater until the ANV's surrender in April 1865.
34-890: RRMC may refer to: Raven Rock Mountain Complex , a United States government facility in Liberty Township, Pennsylvania , United States Rogue Regional Medical Center , a hospital in Medford, Oregon , United States Rapides Regional Medical Center , a hospital in Alexandria , Louisiana , United States Rolls-Royce Motor Cars , an automotive company in Goodwood, West Sussex, England Royal Roads Military College Rutland Regional Medical Center Radiobioassay and Radiochemical Measurements Conference Topics referred to by
68-659: A 1958 reorganization in National Command Authority relations with the joint commands was implemented. On 1 July 1958 Raven Rock's USAF facility, ADCC (Blue Ridge Summit), became one of the 33 NORAD Alert Network Number 1 stations (but with receive-only capability as at TAC Headquarters , Sandia Base , and the Presidio at San Francisco .) On 20 October 1960, the JCS instructed the Joint Staff to establish
102-671: A Joint Alternate Command Element (JACE) for rotating battle staffs to Raven Rock for temporary duty. In November 1960, consoles at the Pentagon's Joint War Room became operational, and the Raven Rock JACE was activated on 11 July 1961 under USAF Brig. Gen. Willard W. Smith [with the 5] staffs permanently stationed in Washington and an administrative section at Ft. Ritchie—rotations began in October 1961 (Fort Ritchie also had
136-508: A farmhouse; and by 24 February underground work had commenced (40 men working "normally" on that date were only performing above-ground construction). By 26 May the Army had named the landform Raven Rock Mountain ("Raven Rock" is a pillar landform to the north along the mountain range) and listed its elevation as 1,527 feet. By 20 October 1951, there had been two deaths: one, Roland P. Kelly, of PenMar MD due to premature dynamite detonation in
170-669: A joint War Room Annex was established and was operated by the Air Force, and Raven Rock's readiness was broadened in April 1957 [for] activation prior to emergency if JCS thought it necessary. By 1959, the services as well as JCS regarded Raven Rock as their primary emergency deployment center. For the Air Force, it served as Headquarters USAF Advanced, capable of receiving the Chief of Staff and key officers. After President Dwight D. Eisenhower expressed concern about nuclear command and control,
204-555: A nearby Deep Underground Command Center (DUCC) could be completed after which Raven Rock would be phased out as superfluous, whichever version [50-man or 300-man DUCC] was chosen, but neither was built —nor were SAC's similar Deep Underground Support Center or NORAD's Super Combat Centers . Raven Rock's joint War Room, USAF ADCC, and other facilities were designated the Alternate National Military Command Center (ANMCC) on 1 October 1962 when
238-539: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Raven Rock Mountain Complex The Raven Rock Mountain Complex ( RRMC ), also known as Site R , is a U.S. military installation with an underground nuclear bunker near Blue Ridge Summit, Pennsylvania , at Raven Rock Mountain that has been called an "underground Pentagon ". The bunker has emergency operations centers for
272-940: The National Military Command System was the primary group (to serve the President/SECDEF/JCS) and was to contain the Pentagon NMCC, Raven Rock's ANMCC, 3 NEACP aircraft on 24-hour ground alert, 2 NECPA ships, and interconnecting communications —the Raven Rock bunker was hardened further to about 140 psi blast resistance by 1963 when the Cheyenne Mountain nuclear bunker was being completed for tbd psi. The USAF's subsequent IBM 473L Command and Control System with AN/FYA-2 Integrated Data Transfer Consoles and Large Panel Display Subsystem had equipment deployed at both
306-552: The Pentagon Reservation under 10 U.S.C. § 2674(g) and on May 25, 2007, DoD policy declared it is unlawful for any person entering or on the property ..."to make any photograph, sketch, picture, drawing, map or graphical representation of the Raven Rock Mountain Complex without first obtaining the necessary permission." In 1977, the bunker had an Emergency Conference Room, and
340-871: The United States Army , Navy , Air Force , and Marine Corps . Along with Mount Weather Emergency Operations Center in Virginia and the Cheyenne Mountain Complex in Colorado, it formed the core bunker complexes for the US continuity of government plan during the Cold War to survive a nuclear attack. The installation's largest tenant unit is the Defense Threat Reduction Agency , and RRMC communications are
374-582: The 114th Signal Battalion under the 21st Signal Brigade after the 1995 Base Realignment and Closure Commission . The planned deep underground communications center was identified in the original 1950 federal petition to seize the Beard Lot, a 1,500-foot-high, mile-long hill located at Fountaindale and extending east and south along the Waynesboro-Emmitsburg road, The "Declaration of Taking" for United States of America v. 1,100 Acres of Land
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#1732782830760408-589: The 1878 High Rock Tower, the 1885 Monterey Country Club , and several resorts (e.g., Blue Mountain House, Buena Vista Springs Hotels, & Washington Cliff House). The 1889 Jacks Mountain Tunnel on the Western Extension (Baltimore and Harrisburg Railway) was completed near Raven Rock Mountain, and nearby stations were at Blue Ridge Summit and Charmian . The Army's 1942 Camp Ritchie was built southwest of
442-400: The 2001 September 11 attacks , Vice President Dick Cheney used Raven Rock as a protected site away from President George W. Bush . Notably, United States Deputy Secretary of Defense Paul Wolfowitz remained at Raven Rock during the aftermath of the 9/11 attacks as Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld refused to evacuate the Pentagon. The Raven Rock Mountain Complex was declared part of
476-522: The Beard Lot tunnel, and a power shovel operator from Phillipsburg named Leroy Fleagle who suffered crushing injuries. The S. A. Healy Company was working on the alternate Pentagon in November 1951, when the government announced a defense appropriations cutback that would affect the project. On 16 January 1952, the government indicated that when completed, the bunker would have a standby group of approximately 100 personnel. Because of construction damage to
510-775: The Burroughs SS-416L Control and Warning Support System with the Semi Automatic Ground Environment had been deployed ( Back-Up Interceptor Control began at North Bend AFS in December.) The term AJCC remained in use, only [for] the Army-managed communications complex. On 17 October 1962, DOD Directive S-5100.30 conceived the Worldwide Military Command and Control System with five groups of C systems:
544-531: The Current Action Center was a military intelligence unit (an Air Force general was responsible for overseeing the installation's communications). Cavalry Corps, Army of Northern Virginia The rise of the ANV's Cavalry can be almost entirely tied to the career and organizational efforts of its first commander, Maj. Gen. J.E.B. Stuart . During summer 1861, before the Army of Northern Virginia
578-592: The NMCC and ANMCC (a 2nd IBM 1410 computer was installed by 15 December 1966.) The USACC Site R Telecommunications Center was designated in 1976, and the 1977 Alternate National Military Command and Control Center Improvement Program was worked on by the DoD Special Projects Office (later renamed Protective Design Center) for a new deep underground C center with >3 mi (4.8 km) of air entrainment tunnels (cancelled in 1979.) After
612-744: The OSD Defense Emergency Relocation Site .) An expansion project by the Frazier–Davis–McDonald Company was underway in December 1961 at the "little Pentagon", and bunker personnel were evacuated during a 1962 fire. Pentagon construction to provide an entire JCS center at the Joint War Room opened the National Military Command Center (NMCC) in early October 1962. It was initially considered an interim center until
646-521: The Sunshine Trail, the US said it would rebuild the trail in any fashion the state desired. By 29 March 1952, more than 100 workers were striking from building additional Raven Rock housing at Camp Ritchie, which was to be a supplemental installation for the underground Pentagon at Fountaindale. No work was going on in the Raven Rock (Beard Lot) tunnel at that time. Local travelers having to bypass on
680-439: The U.S. by Alfred Holt was seeking $ 2,000 an acre for his 140-acre woodlot atop the Beard Lot [after] turning down an offer of $ 2,800 from the government.) A 1952 Army history disclosed Raven Rock information. Three underground buildings were completed in 1953, the year a guard shelter burned on the installation. By April 1954, "Little Pentagon" development had cost $ 35,000,000. After the 1954 Air Defense Command blockhouse
714-522: The aid and defense of South Carolina under the Army of Tennessee , as Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman began his march from Georgia to Columbia, South Carolina . Hampton and the Carolina cavalry units were moved by rail to Columbia, and fought delay-and-defense actions against Sherman. Key engagements under Hampton's leadership included: Upon the departure of General Hampton, Maj. Gen. Fitzhugh Lee took over
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#1732782830760748-657: The corps beginning with engagements screening the army along the Pamunkey River in engagements such as the Battle of Haw's Shop (historical Hawe's Shop). Originally Hampton was from Charleston, South Carolina , and continued to command cavalry units from the Carolinas in his division. Continuing in command through the Siege of Petersburg , General Lee decided to release his Carolina cavalry units, including Hampton, back to
782-547: The formation of a unified cavalry brigade under his command. On August 17, 1862 the cavalry division was built – swollen to four brigades in less than a year. On September 9, 1863 the Cavalry Corps was finally established with six brigades in two divisions. Key engagements of the Cavalry Division/Corps under Stuart's leadership included: Following the death of Stuart on May 11, 1864, the Cavalry Corps
816-549: The resorts, and a local road was built eastward from Blue Ridge Summit and intersected the north-south Fountaindale- Sabillasville Road (the intersection now provides access to the RRMC main gate.) Planning for a protected Cold War facility near Washington, D.C. began in 1948 for relocation of military National Command Authorities and the Joint Communications Service. In 1953 the Army's Raven Rock unit
850-583: The responsibility of the 114th Signal Battalion. The facility has 38 communications systems, and the Defense Information Systems Agency provides computer services at the complex. Raven Rock Mountain is adjacent to Jacks Mountain on the north while Miney Branch flows west-to-east between them in the Potomac River Watershed . The 1820 Waynesboro-Emmitsburg Turnpike with toll station for the 1787 crossroad
884-405: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title RRMC . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=RRMC&oldid=1173527244 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
918-499: The serpentine on the slope between Monterey and Fountaindale grew frustrated during the delay (the incomplete tunnel was derogatorily dubbed "Harry's Hole," for President Truman .) By 7 April 1952, United Telephone Company rights of way had been secured for four tracts, including one in Cumberland Township. Easements for three additional private tracts were filed by the government in December 1953 (a 1954 lawsuit against
952-491: Was built at Ent Air Force Base , where the joint 1955 Continental Air Defense Command was activated, in August 1955 OSD approved the automatic activation of Raven Rock's Alternate Joint Communication Center on declaration of air defense warning or notice of surprise attack ( SAC similarly completed a bunker in 1955). The AJCC was equipped with command and control (C ) hardware by the end of 1955. In July 1956 at Raven Rock,
986-525: Was constructed between the mountains, where the Fight at Monterey Gap was conducted after the 1863 Battle of Gettysburg ( Stuart's artillery at Raven Rock Gap shelled Federal troops. ) In 1870, copper ore was discovered to the north, and the nearby Fountain Dale Springs House was established in 1874. The scenic area's mountain recreation facilities to the west included the 1877 Pen Mar Park ,
1020-588: Was filed at the Adams County courthouse on 23 January 1951, and made the government the official owner of the 280-acre tract seized from four properties (17 total properties had been requested by 15 February—some only for temporary use). South of and above the Carson service station on the Sunshine trail, bulldozers began work on 19 January 1951; by 3 February a roadway to the site had been leveled behind
1054-573: Was formed, the confederate cavalry in the Eastern Theater was limited to regiments or smaller units attached to districts or larger formations. Noteworthy were Stuart's 1st Virginia Cavalry , the 2nd Virginia Cavalry and Hampton's Legion from South Carolina. Recommendations and endorsements from Generals P.G.T. Beauregard , Joseph E. Johnston and James Longstreet led to a promotion to brigadier general for Stuart in September 1861; and
RRMC - Misplaced Pages Continue
1088-499: Was part of Joint Support Command, then in 1971 was redesignated as the Directorate of Telecommunications and placed under the garrison commander of Fort Ritchie , where Strategic Communications Command moved. The Directorate was redesignated USACC Site R Telecommunications Center in 1976, then simply USACC Site R in October 1981 (both under 7th Signal Command). Col. Humphrey L. Peterson was the 1983 commander of USACC Site R, which
1122-480: Was redesignated in May 1984 as United States Army Information Systems Command - Site R. Operation of the center was removed from the mission when the unit was redesignated the 1111th U.S. Army Signal Battalion under the 1101st U.S. Army Signal Brigade in October 1988 (under the 1108th U.S. Army Signal Brigade in October 1993), and the battalion remained responsible for maintenance, upkeep and communications. The unit became
1156-448: Was split into two independent divisions under Hampton and Fitz Lee. The second commander, wealthy South Carolina planter Wade Hampton III , had served as the senior brigade and division commander under J.E.B. Stuart. When the cavalry was split after Stuart's death Hampton continued to command his division for three months until General Robert E. Lee remerged the Cavalry Corps on August 11, 1864, under Hampton's command. He first managed
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