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22-528: The Rothberg International School began at the initiative of Samuel Rothberg , an influential American businessman and Zionist who was heavily involved in the development of The Hebrew University. It started in 1955 with twenty-one students from the United States. The program continued during the 1960s and expanded to include summer courses and an intensive summer Hebrew language program. The Preparatory Program for New Immigrants ( Mechina le-Olim )

44-625: A division of undergraduate studies for those pursuing a bachelor's degree outside Israel. There are also programs in dance, art and design, Arabic, music, and internships in technology and innovation. There is also a program developed with Harvard University . The division of graduate studies currently offers five graduate degree options in Jewish studies, The Bible and the Ancient Near East, Israel studies, Middle Eastern studies, non-profit management and leadership. Graduate students may join

66-463: A non-degree program and choose from any of the courses offered in the graduate division. The preparatory (Mechina) program is for students from overseas not yet able to enroll in an undergraduate degree program in Israel. Mechina students are either in the process of becoming Israeli citizens or have recently immigrated to Israel. It is the largest academic preparatory program in Israel. Historically,

88-811: The American Friends of the Hebrew University . Together with Hebrew University President Avraham Harman , Rothberg was instrumental in establishing the Hebrew University's School for Overseas Students in 1971, which expanded the One Year Program that Rothberg started in 1955. In 1998, the Rothberg School inaugurated its own building, which was named The Rothberg International School. In his later years, Rothberg developed glaucoma, and his personal experience ed him to endow The Sam Rothberg Glaucoma Service and Research Center at

110-938: The United Kingdom through Development Company for Israel, Ltd. Sales have increased steadily since the initial Independence Issue was offered in 1951, with total worldwide sales now exceeding $ 48 billion. At first, investors in Israel bonds were largely members of the American Jewish community looking to support the fledgling state's economy. However, throughout subsequent years, private and institutional investors alike viewed Israel bonds as meaningful investments. Over 90 U.S. state and municipal pension and treasury funds have invested more than $ 3 billion in Israel bonds to date. Other investors in Israel bonds include corporations, insurance companies, associations, unions, banks, financial institutions , universities, foundations, non-profits and synagogues . Israel uses proceeds from

132-690: The American Commercial Alcohol Corporation doing research in fermentation and soon moved into senior management positions. He then moved to Peoria , Illinois and became the director of both the American Distilling Co. and the Parvin Dormeyer Co. Rothberg married Jean Culver in 1941, and had four children: Heidi, Kathy, Michael, and Patrick. He retired from business in 1975 and became more active in philanthropic endeavors, particularly in

154-1059: The Goldschleger Eye Institute of the Sheba Medical Center in Israel. The center treats approximately 8,000 patients annually. Rothberg was one of the founding donors of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington, D.C., served on Bradley University 's Board of Trustees from 1972 to 1983, and served as president of his synagogue, Agudas Achim. Website of the Rothberg International School: https://overseas.huji.ac.il/ Sam Rothberg (1910 - 2007) - In Tribute, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Center for Multimedia Assisted Instruction, 2010: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WL2DgNmXz4A Israel Bonds Israel Bonds,

176-928: The Holocaust. Rothberg continued to support Jewish education initiatives in the United States and Israel, and supported the development of the State of Israel. He was one of the founders of the Israel Bonds , an and worked on the National Water Carrier and the Jerusalem Economic Conference. From 1968 to 1981, he served as Chairman of the International Board of Governors of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem . During this time, he helped return

198-582: The Jewish communal world. Samuel was awarded honorary doctoral degrees from Bradley University, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Brandeis University and the Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion . Rothberg died at the age of 97 on July 6, 2007, in Peoria, Illinois. Rothberg was a philanthropist, community leader, and supporter of Israel. .He traveled to Europe in 1947 and visited children orphaned during

220-569: The School for Overseas Students in 1971. The school became the first academic unit to relocate from its Givat Ram campus to the Mount Scopus campus. In 1981, the school was renamed The Rothberg School for Overseas Students The Rothberg International School has undergraduate, graduate, non-degree and short-term programs, in addition to the Mechina (Preparatory) program. The school offers

242-547: The U.S. appears to "go well beyond what’s seen as acceptable." Michael Frerichs, the Illinois treasurer stated: "We have been purchasing these Israel bonds for over 20 years. We get a good return, and so we were open to more purchases. But after the Hamas attack on Israel, we figure that they would be issuing more bonds. And we also wanted to show our support for an ally at a time of a terrorist invasion." These issues came to play

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264-761: The commonly known name of Development Corporation for Israel (DCI), is the U.S. underwriter of debt securities issued by the State of Israel . DCI is headquartered in New York City and is a broker-dealer and member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA). Dani Naveh is president and CEO. Bonds are sold in Canada through Canada-Israel Securities, Ltd.; in Europe through Development Company for Israel GmbH; and in

286-596: The first four weeks of the 2023 Israel-Hamas war , several U.S. states invested $ 300 million; by November 11, 2023 a record-breaking $ 1 billion had been purchased by investors large and small. (Total worldwide sales of the bonds they were first issued in 1951 had exceeded $ 48 billion by October 2022.) Initially, Israel Bonds offered a single investment option. As the program became more successful, multiple types of Israel bonds with varying maturities and purchase minimums were made available. The following bonds are/were offered in 2022: Although Israel has never defaulted in

308-1047: The new Jewish state. In September 1950, he convened a meeting of American Jewish leaders at Jerusalem's King David Hotel , where Ben-Gurion shared his vision for a bond issue, which the delegates supported. The Knesset voted to launch Israel’s first bond issue in February 1951. In May, the prime minister traveled to New York City to help launch the inaugural Independence Issue at a Madison Square Garden ceremony, raising $ 35 million. Expectations for first-year sales were $ 25 million. Instead, final results for 1951 more than doubled projections, exceeding $ 52 million. By 1957, "bond sales alone amount(ed) to an astonishing 35% of Israel's special development budget", with Foreign Minister Golda Meir emphatically stating, "the central role in building our economic strength has been played by Israel bonds." Over subsequent decades sales continued to increase, particularly in times of crisis. During 1967's Six-Day War , sales exceeded $ 250 million, and in 1973,

330-514: The payment of principal or interest on any of its internal or external debt, prospective purchasers are warned of sovereign credit risk . In July 2024, an investigation by the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ) revealed that Israel Bonds was engaged in efforts to court taxpayers' money in the form of public investments in the bonds. After the outbreak of war between Israel and Gaza on 7 October , it

352-443: The sale of the bonds for general purposes of the state. The idea to float bonds issued by Israel's government was conceived by Israel's first prime minister , David Ben-Gurion , in the aftermath of Israel’s War of Independence , when the nation was critically short of economic resources. Ben-Gurion turned to Diaspora Jewry , with the goal of obtaining millions of dollars in funding by engaging them as active partners in building

374-629: The student body of the Mechina program has reflected the immigration trends in Israel. When Operation Moses (1984) and Operation Solomon (1991) brought Ethiopian Jewish immigrants to Israel, the Mechina had an increase in Ethiopian students. In 1991, with the 1990s post-Soviet aliyah , four times the number of students from the Former Soviet Union enrolled than the previous year. Samuel Rothberg Samuel Rothberg (1910-2007)

396-740: The university to its original location on Mount Scopus and helped establish new academic units. His major project, The Harry S. Truman Center for the Advancement of Peace, was one of the first buildings erected on Mount Scopus in Jerusalem following the Six-Day War of 1967. Organizers named the building for Truman in honor of his actions recognizing the new state of Israel only minutes after it declared independence in 1948. Rothberg established The Hubert H. Humphrey Center for Cancer Research and Experimental Medicine. He also served as president of

418-653: The year of the Yom Kippur War , sales exceeded $ 500 million. In 1991, the year of the Gulf War and Iraqi missile strikes on Israel, sales exceeded $ 1 billion. In 2020, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic , Israel Bonds approached the Finance Ministry to increase its goal for the year. The Finance Ministry approved the initiative, and the year concluded with record U.S. sales exceeding $ 1.5 billion. In

440-776: Was a Jewish-American businessman and philanthropist. He was actively involved in the American Jewish community ’s relationship with Israel. Samuel Rothberg was born in Bila Tserkva in the Russian Empire in 1910 to Bertha and Morris Rothberg. Together with his parents, he immigrated to the United States in 1913 and settled in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania. He graduated from the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy and Science in 1931 with degrees in bacteriology and microbiology . Subsequently, he worked at

462-657: Was established in 1965. The events of the Six Day War in June 1967 led to an increase in the number of overseas students at the Hebrew University, particularly from American students who wanted a study abroad experience. Several international programs at the university such as the One Year Program, the Preparatory Year Program, the Hebrew Ulpan (language course) and Summer Courses were consolidated into

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484-587: Was reported that activists, including members of Jewish Voice for Peace , began to target the Bonds in demands that corporations and institutions divest from financial instruments that appear to support the government of Israel. According to Richard Painter , who worked as chief White House ethics lawyer during the George W. Bush administration , the mixing of personal and official practices evidenced in transcripts of email documents exchanged to secure bond purchases in

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