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85-581: The Royal Cornwall Museum in Truro holds an extensive mineral collection rooted in Cornwall 's mining and engineering heritage (including much of the mineral collection of Philip Rashleigh ). The county's artistic heritage is reflected in the museum's art collection. Through the Courtney Library the museum also provides a collection of rare books and manuscripts to help with education, research and

170-492: A fireworks display, food and drinks fairs, a circus and a parade. A half-marathon , organised by Truro Running Club, also occurs in September; it runs from the city centre into the countryside towards Kea, returning to finish at Lemon Quay. Truro's Christmas includes a Winter Festival with a City of Lights paper lantern parade. Local schools, colleges, and community and youth groups join in. Truro temporarily hosted

255-442: A UK-wide census in 2021 should take place, and that better use should be made of other demographic data sources. The general style of the questionnaire was similar to that of the 2001 census . A rehearsal questionnaire was released in 2009. Several new identity and status options were included for the first time. Other changes for 2011 included: In 2001 only 38 people were reported to have been prosecuted for refusing to complete

340-489: A banner of St George, on the waves in base two fishes of the second." Truro prospered in the 18th and 19th centuries through improved mining methods and higher prices for tin, and its consequent attraction to wealthy mine-owners. Elegant Georgian and Victorian townhouses of the period can be seen today in Lemon Street, named after the mining magnate and local Member of Parliament Sir William Lemon . Truro became

425-623: A centre for Cornish wrestling for centuries. Before the formation of the Cornish Wrestling Association, the tournaments in Truro were often described as the Great County Wrestling Matches and, with winners getting money prizes or silver medals, silver cups and silver belts. A large number of venues have been used throughout Truro, including various inns which put on tournaments such as

510-505: A co-ordinated research project known as Beyond 2011 . The objectives of the programme were to assess the feasibility of improving UK population statistics using integrated data sources to replace or complement existing approaches, and whether alternative data sources could provide the priority statistics on the characteristics of small populations typically provided by a census. The project reported its findings in March 2014 and recommended that

595-610: A missionary, translating the New Testament into Urdu and Persian. Others include Humphry Davy , educated in Truro and the inventor of the miner's safety lamp , and Samuel Foote , an actor and playwright from Boscawen Street. Truro's importance increased later in the 19th century with an iron-smelting works, potteries , and tanneries . From the 1860s, the Great Western Railway provided a direct link to London Paddington . The Bishopric of Truro Act 1876 gave

680-600: A national address register compiled by the Office for National Statistics (ONS) with the help of local authorities through comparisons of the National Land and Property Gazetteer (NLPG) and the Royal Mail and Ordnance Survey national address products. People could complete and submit their questionnaire online, or fill it in on paper and post it back in a pre-addressed envelope. Guidance was provided online and through

765-717: A new charter of Elizabeth I giving it an elected mayor and control over the port of Falmouth . During the Civil War in the 17th century, Truro raised a sizeable force to fight for the king and a royalist mint was set up. Defeat by Parliamentary troops came after the Battle of Naseby in 1646, when the victorious General Fairfax led his army south-west to relieve Taunton and capture the Royalist-held West Country . The Royalist forces surrendered at Truro while leading Royalist commanders, including Lord Hopton ,

850-470: A performing arts and entertainment venue. The Royal Cornwall Museum is the oldest and premier museum of Cornish history and culture . Its collections cover fields such as archaeology , art and geology. Among the exhibits is the so-called Arthur's inscribed stone . Its parks and open spaces include Victoria Gardens, Boscawen Park and Daubuz Moors . Lemon Quay is the year-round centre of most festivities in Truro. In April, Truro prepares to partake in

935-670: A questionnaire. In 2011 those who refused to complete the census questionnaire or included false information could face a fine of up to £1,000. A team of compliance staff were recruited to follow up by visiting those householders who refused to complete a questionnaire or where their questionnaire was not returned or completed correctly. Advertising promoted the notion of how the UK 2011 census would help to shape Britain's future in areas such as healthcare and education. TV adverts, for example, depicted Origami , in census colours, forming objects including school computers and buses. A short sentence under

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1020-490: A separate census has been carried out since 1861, to about 4.5 million. From 1911 onwards rapid social change, scientific breakthroughs, and major world events affected the structure of the population. A fire that destroyed census records in 1931, and the declaration of war in 1939, made the 1951 census hugely significant in recording 30 years of change over one of the most turbulent periods in British history. The 1971 census

1105-480: A written answer in response to a question on population and the traditional enumeration methodology of the 2011 census, Cabinet Office minister Francis Maude said: The UK Statistics Authority is responsible for carrying out the census in England and Wales. The board of the authority has expressed the view that the 2011 census should be the last conduction on the traditional basis. Through the ' Beyond 2011 ' project

1190-486: Is 12 mi (19 km) north of Truro. In 2017, it was thought to be the "fastest growing airport" in the UK. It has regular flights to London Heathrow and other airports including Isles of Scilly , Dublin and Düsseldorf , Germany. There is a boat link to Falmouth along the Truro and Fal four times a day, tide permitting. The fleet run by Enterprise Boats , as part of the Fal River Links ; it calls on

1275-973: Is 6 miles (9.7 km) from the A30 trunk road , to which it is linked by the A39 from Falmouth and Penryn . Also passing through is the A390 between Redruth to the west and Liskeard to the east, where it joins the A38 for Plymouth , Exeter and the M5 motorway . The city and surroundings have extensive bus services, provided mainly by First Kernow and Transport for Cornwall . Most routes terminate at Truro bus station, near Lemon Quay. A permanent Park and Ride scheme, known as Park for Truro , opened in August 2008. Buses based at Langarth Park in Threemilestone carry commuters into

1360-427: Is a success. Although some 37,000 people recorded their identity as Cornish by manually writing it on the form in the 2001 census, no tick-box was provided in 2011 to select Cornish as a White British national identity, despite campaigns. As a consequence, posters were created by the census organisation and Cornwall Council which advised residents of how they could identify themselves as Cornish by writing it in

1445-598: Is affiliated to Truro Chamber of Commerce and other civic bodies. The city council comes under the unitary Cornwall Council , which is directly under central government. Cornwall Council , a unitary authority, is based at Lys Kernow , formerly County Hall, west of the city centre. It covers planning, infrastructure, development and environmental issues. Truro seats four members on it, one from each of its wards: Truro Tregolls , Truro Boscawen and Redannick , Truro Moresk and Trehaverne and Gloweth, Malabar and Shortlanesend . Threemilestone and Chacewater , conurbations of

1530-645: Is consistent the rest of Cornwall (14% and 1.6% respectively). 3,168 households (33.6% of residents) are experiencing deprivation, and 4,744 (20.5%) are retirees. Major employers include the Royal Cornwall Hospital , Cornwall Council and Truro College . There are about 22,000 jobs available in Truro, but only 9,500 economically active people living there, which make commuting a major factor in its traffic congestion. Average earnings are higher than elsewhere in Cornwall. Truro's dominant feature

1615-480: Is home to the mummy of Iset-tayef-nakht a temple priest who lived around 600BC. His mummified remains and two coffins were sent to the UK by Peter Lee a diplomat. They were unwrapped in 1828 after which a limited re-wrapping was carried out using mostly original bandages but with modern material used on the lower part of his left leg. Iset-tayef-nakht was transferred to the Royal Institution of Cornwall in

1700-447: Is it?". It contended that by placing the religion question near the ethnicity question it would encourage some responders to associate religion with cultural identity. The BHA also ran adverts during March 2011 encouraging the use of the 'no religion' box in the questionnaire. The 2011 census for Northern Ireland had 59 questions in total. 14 were about the household and its accommodation and 45 questions were for each individual member of

1785-436: Is its Gothic-revival cathedral , designed by architect John Loughborough Pearson , rising 249 ft (76 m) above the city at its highest spire. It was built in 1880–1910 on the site of St Mary's Church, consecrated over 600 years earlier. Georgian architecture is well represented, with terraces and townhouses along Walsingham Place and Lemon Street often said to be "the finest examples of Georgian architecture west of

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1870-554: Is more than twice the £210m spent on the 2001 census. This breaks down to a cost of 87 pence per person, per year (over the life of the census – ten years). "The cost equates to about 87p a year per person, demonstrating excellent value for money. The per capita costs in the UK are less than for many other European countries that carry out similar censuses. In summary, this census will meet crucial requirements for statistical information that Government and others cannot do without." Minister of State, Cabinet Office ( Angela E. Smith ). Both

1955-559: Is the Truro City Stadium in Threemilestone . Cornwall County Cricket Club plays some home fixtures at Boscawen Park , which is also the home ground of Truro Cricket Club. Truro Fencing Club is a national flagship, having won numerous national championships and supplied three fencers for Team GB at the London 2012 Olympics . Other sports amenities include a leisure centre , golf course and tennis courts. Truro has been

2040-549: Is the UK Government's single largest statistical producer of independent statistics on the UK's economy and society, used to assist the planning and allocation of resources, policy-making and decision-making. ONS designs, manages and runs the census in England and Wales. In its capacity as the national statistics office for the United Kingdom, ONS also compiles and releases census tables for the United Kingdom when

2125-722: Is the centre of Cornwall's local media. The county weeklies, the Cornish Guardian and The West Briton , are based there; the latter provides a Truro and Mid-Cornwall edition. The city also holds the studios of BBC Radio Cornwall and those of the West district of ITV West Country , whose main studio is now in Bristol after a merger with ITV West. This closed the studio in Plymouth ; the Westcountry Live programme

2210-539: Is the southernmost city in the United Kingdom , just under 232 miles (373 km) west-south-west of Charing Cross in London . It is Cornwall's county town , sole city and a centre for administration, leisure and retail trading. Its population was 18,766 in the 2011 census . People of Truro can be called Truronians . It grew as a trade centre through its port and as a stannary town for tin mining . It became mainland Britain's southernmost city in 1876, with

2295-603: The Britain in Bloom competition, with floral displays and hanging baskets dotted around the city throughout the summer. A continental market comes to Truro in the holiday-making season, featuring food and craft stalls from France, Spain, Italy, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, Greece and elsewhere. The Truro City Carnival, held every September over a weekend, includes various arts and music performances, children's activities,

2380-665: The CRFU Cornwall Cup several times. Truro City F.C. , a football team in the National League South , is the only Cornish club ever to reach this tier of the English football league system . It achieved national recognition by winning the FA Vase in 2007 against A.F.C. Totton , in only the second final at the new Wembley Stadium ; it became the first Cornish side ever to win the trophy. Its home ground

2465-580: The Cornish Pirates rugby union club in the 2005–2006 season, but it moved again for 2006–2007 to share the ground of Camborne RFC . In April 2018, the construction of a Stadium for Cornwall was discussed with Cornwall Council , which had pledged £3 million for the £14.3 million project. It is planned for a site in Threemilestone . The town's remaining rugby union side, Truro RFC , founded in 1885. It belongs to Tribute Western Counties West and plays home games at St Clements Hill. It has hosted

2550-551: The Prince of Wales , Sir Edward Hyde , and Lord Capell , fled to Jersey from Falmouth. Later in the century, Falmouth gained its own charter, giving rights to its harbour and starting a long rivalry with Truro. The dispute was settled in 1709 with control of the River Fal divided between them. The arms of Truro city are "Gules the base wavy of six Argent and Azure, thereon an ancient ship of three masts under sail, on each topmast

2635-578: The River Fal and then the large natural harbour of Carrick Roads . The valleys form a steep bowl surrounding the city on the north, east and west, open to the Truro River in the south. This shape, along with high precipitation that swells the rivers and a spring tide in the River Fal, were major factors in the 1988 floods that seriously damaged the city centre. Since then, flood defences have been constructed, including an emergency dam at New Mill on

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2720-723: The Scots language alongside the question for ability in Scottish Gaelic and English languages. Responsibility for the release of data from the 2011 census is split between the Office for National Statistics (ONS) for England and Wales, the General Register Office for Scotland (GROS) for Scotland and the Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency (NISRA). The ONS announced in March

2805-639: The Stop the War Coalition , and the Christian thinktank Ekklesia . The groups were concerned about sharing data with a company involved in surveillance and data processing for the CIA and FBI ; and also providing funding to an arms company making nuclear missiles and cluster bombs. The Green Party also objected, and campaigned unsuccessfully to stop Lockheed Martin getting the contract, although no decision

2890-653: The "three rivers" meaning "possible". Alternatively the name may come from tre -uro or similar, i.e. settlement on the river Uro . A castle was built in the 12th century by Richard de Luci , Chief Justice of England in the reign of Henry II , who for court services was granted land in Cornwall, including the area round the confluence of the two rivers. The town grew below the castle and gained borough status from further economic activity. The castle has long disappeared. Richard de Lucy fought in Cornwall under Count Alan of Brittany after leaving Falaise late in 1138. The small adulterine castle at Truro, Cornwall, originally

2975-446: The 2010–2011 census round The design for the 2011 census reflected changes in society since 2001 and asked questions to help paint a detailed demographic picture of England and Wales, as it stood on census day, 27 March 2011. Data collected by the census is used to provide statistical outputs which central government uses to plan and allocate local authority services funding, and which local authorities themselves use to identify and meet

3060-468: The 2011 census. NISRA, ONS and GROS each publish a schedule stating what documents they will release and when. Those documents are called a "prospectus". Each prospectus is not fixed, but changes as schedules are changed or documents are late. The prospectuses are linked to in the table below. The Office for National Statistics is responsible for publishing United Kingdom wide 2011 census data. These are co-ordinated releases coinciding with data published by

3145-400: The 21st century as Truro became one of the fastest growing cities in Cornwall, Truro experienced a year-on-year growth rate of 1.31% (Compared to 0.68% for Cornwall). Truro is notable for having one of the youngest average residents in Cornwall (77.7% under 65). 2,773 people (13.4% of the residents) specified a Cornish only identity and 335 (1.6%) Cornish in combination with British - which

3230-727: The ONS, covering England and Wales, confirmed that there would be four stages of data release starting in July 2012 and running until October 2013. This was increased to five stages in October 2013. A detailed commentary accompanies each release along with relevant reference materials. Additionally there will be graphic visualisations providing further clarification and comparison between different data sets and comparison over time using data from earlier censuses. There will also be more specialist reports and products. Certain data bases will also be produced in

3315-620: The River Kenwyn and a tidal barrier on the Truro River. The city is amidst several protected natural areas such as the historic parklands at Pencalenick and areas of ornamental landscape such as Trelissick Garden and Tregothnan down the Truro River. An area south-east of the city, including Calenick Creek, has been included in the Cornwall Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty . Other protected zones include an Area of Great Landscape Value comprising farmland and wooded valleys to

3400-623: The South West of England. The Grade II building which has housed the RIC since 1919 was built in 1845 as the Truro Savings Bank and subsequently became Henderson's Mining School. In 1986/7 the RIC acquired the adjacent Truro Baptist Chapel, built in 1848. Together these granite-fronted buildings (linked with a new foyer and shop in 1998) are a distinctive presence in the centre of the historic city of Truro; both buildings were designed by

3485-576: The UK, along with UK historic population pyramids (1951–2011). Key and Quick statistics Part 1 – Census Profiles; Population, People and Places, Health and Social Care, Travel and Transport. National and Local Authority geographies. Key and Quick statistics Part 2 – Census Profiles; Qualifications and Labour Market. National and Local Authority geographies. Key and Quick statistics Part 3 – Multivariate, Local and Detailed Characteristics tables for: Living arrangements; Household composition; and Accommodation type. A series of further releases, subsequent to

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3570-581: The White Hart Inn, Western Inn, Ship Inn and Victoria Inn. In the 1970s, Truro Cathedral School taught Cornish wrestling as part of its physical education programme and was at this time the only school in Cornwall to do so. John Lander was a noted wrestler during the late 1700s and early 1800s. He was landlord of the Fighting Cocks Inn in Truro and was the father of the famous explorers John Lander and Richard Lander . Truro

3655-432: The authority has been considering alternative ways of obtaining information that has been traditionally gathered via a census. The current advice from the ONS is clear. Census alternatives are not sufficiently developed to provide now the information required to meet essential UK and EU requirements. It is therefore important that the census goes ahead in England and Wales on 27 March 2011. ONS must do all it can to ensure it

3740-604: The census helpline. Completed questionnaires were electronically tracked and field staff followed up with households that did not return a questionnaire. Special arrangements were made to count people living in communal establishments such as; boarding schools, prisons, military bases, hospitals, care homes, student halls of residence, hotels, royal apartments and embassies, as well as for particular communities; rough sleepers, travellers and those living on waterways. In these cases field staff delivered and collected questionnaires and, where needed, provided advice or assistance in completing

3825-475: The census logo informed the viewer that the census was a duty that must be undertaken. From 7 April 2011 advertising focused on reminding people to complete and return by post or submit online. A question about the number of bedrooms a household has, as well as the names, gender and birth dates of any overnight guests was criticised as "bedroom snooping" by the Conservative Party in opposition. In

3910-656: The centre for county society, even dubbed "the London of Cornwall". Through those prosperous times Truro remained a social centre. Among the many notables were Richard Lander , the first European explorer to reach the mouth of the River Niger in Africa and was awarded the first gold medal of the Royal Geographical Society , and Henry Martyn , who read mathematics at Cambridge, was ordained and became

3995-488: The city centre. It is a stop on the Cornish Main Line between Penzance and Plymouth . The station is served by two train operating companies : To the north-east of the station is a 28-metre-high (92-foot) stone viaduct with views over the city, cathedral and Truro river in the distance. The longest viaduct on the line, it replaced Isambard Kingdom Brunel 's wooden Carvedras Viaduct in 1904. Connecting to

4080-469: The city of Bath ." The main attraction to the region is a wide variety of shopping facilities. Truro has various chain stores , speciality shops and markets that reflect its history as a market town . The indoor Pannier Market is open all year, with many stalls and small businesses. The city is also popular for catering and night life, with bars, clubs and restaurants. It houses the Hall for Cornwall ,

4165-591: The city via Truro College, the Royal Cornwall Hospital Treliske, County Hall, the railway station, the Royal Cornwall Museum and Victoria Square, through to a second car park on the east side of the city. Truro is served by long-distance coach services, operated by National Express ; there are daily departures to London , Birmingham and Penzance. Truro railway station is located about 1 mi (1.6 km) from

4250-464: The city, also elect a member. Truro's borough court, first granted in 1153, became a free borough in 1589, and a city in 1877, receiving letters patent after the Anglican diocese was placed there in 1876. However, it forms the eighth smallest UK city in population, city council area and urban area . Truro is twinned with Several towns outside Britain have taken Truro as their name: Truro

4335-628: The county. Centred upstairs at the Municipal Buildings in Boscawen Street, it covers Truro's public library, parks and gardens, tourist information centre , toilets, allotments and cemeteries. It also views planning issues and was involved in creating the Truro and Kenwyn Neighbourhood Plan in association with Cornwall Council. The city council has four wards – Boscawen and Redannick, Moresk and Trehaverne, Tregolls, and Malabar – with 24 councillors elected for four-year terms. It

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4420-518: The data from England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland are complete. In the run-up to the census both the main UK political parties expressed concerns about the increasing cost and the value for money of the census, and it was suggested that the 2011 census might be the last decennial census to be taken. The first results from the 2011 census, age and sex, and occupied households estimates for England and Wales and Northern Ireland, were released on 16 July 2012. The first results for Scotland, and

4505-676: The discovery of Cornish life and culture. The museum also highlights Cornwall's relationship with the wider world through one of the most significant British emigrations of the 19th century. The museum hosts a permanent exhibition of ancient Egyptian, Greek, and Roman objects, supported by the British Museum . The museum is part of the Royal Institution of Cornwall (RIC), a learned society and registered charity . The Courtney Library and Archive holds books, periodicals, archive material and ephemera relating to Cornwall and

4590-508: The ethnicity, national identity and main language sections. Additionally, people could record Cornwall as their country of birth. During the consultation on the 2011 census the British Humanist Association raised several concerns about question 20, "What is your religion?". The BHA argued it was a leading question , and suggested that it should be phrased as two questions, "Do you have a religion?" and "If so, what

4675-457: The first UK-wide results, were published on 17 December 2012. More detailed and specialised data were published from 2013. The Registrar General John Rickman conducted the first census of Great Britain's population, and was responsible for the ten-yearly reports published between 1801 and 1831. During the first 100 years of census-taking the population of England and Wales grew more than threefold, to around 32 million, and that of Scotland, where

4760-731: The founding of the Diocese of Truro . It is home to Cornwall Council , the Royal Cornwall Museum , Truro Cathedral , the Hall for Cornwall and Cornwall's Courts of Justice . Truro's name may derive from the Cornish tri-veru meaning "three rivers", but authorities such as the Oxford Dictionary of English Place Names have doubts about the "tru" meaning "three". An expert on Cornish place-names, Oliver Padel , in A Popular Dictionary of Cornish Place-names , called

4845-441: The four main releases of 2011 Census statistics including migration tables, workplace tables, detailed religion and ethnic group tables, and statistics relating to alternative population bases. Specialist products would include:- Small population groups; microdata; flow data (also known as origin-destination statistics). It is also suggested that data organised around alternative population bases may be produced. The original plans of

4930-424: The household to complete. The rehearsal was held on Sunday 11 October 2009 in two areas, Derriaghy and Moy & Benburb, covering approximately 5,000 households. The 2011 census for Northern Ireland costing around £21.8 million over the six-year period 2008–2014. Over the ten-year cycle the cost is expected to be about £25 million. In Scotland, a wholly owned subsidiary of information technology company CACI

5015-495: The late 1930s. On 6 January 1969 an examination of his remains including x-rays was carried out at the Royal Cornwall Hospital . In 2012 a CT scan was carried out at the Duchy Hospital. The nearest railway station is Truro railway station . Truro Truro ( / ˈ t r ʊər oʊ / ; Cornish Standard Written Form : Truru ) is a cathedral city and civil parish in Cornwall , England ; it

5100-473: The local architect Philip Sambell , who was deaf and without speech. In July 2022 Cornwall Council announced plans to cease funding the museum. This resulted in the museum stating that it might soon have to close. In October 2022 the Council provided the museum with £100,000 with the stated aim that it would allow the museum to transition to other funding sources. In the first half of 2024 the mineral gallery

5185-462: The main UK political parties had expressed concerns about the rising costs and value of a ten-yearly census, and on coming into office the UK coalition government had gone as far as suggesting that the 2011 census might be the last of its kind. In July 2010 the UK government asked ONS to explore other methods of measuring the population. In 2011 the three national statistics bodies, ONS, GROS and NISRA set up

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5270-633: The main line at Truro is the Maritime Line to Falmouth in the south. Truro's first railway station, at Highertown, was opened in 1852 by the West Cornwall Railway (WCR) for trains to Redruth and Penzance; it was known as Truro Road station. It was extended to the Truro river at Newham in 1855, but closed so that Newham served as the terminus. When the Cornwall Railway connected the line to Plymouth, its trains ran to

5355-525: The needs of their local communities. Other organisations that use census data include healthcare organisations, community groups, researchers and businesses. The questionnaires, including people's personal information, are kept confidential for 100 years before being released to the public, providing an important source of information for historical, demographic and genealogy research. The 2011 census for England and Wales included around 25 million households. Questionnaires were posted out to all households, using

5440-541: The north east, and Daubuz Moors, a local nature reserve by the River Allen, close to the city centre. Truro has mainly grown and developed round the historic city centre in a nuclear fashion along the slopes of the bowl valley, except for fast linear development along the A390 to the west, towards Threemilestone . As Truro grew, it encompassed other settlements as suburbs or districts, including Kenwyn and Moresk to

5525-435: The north, Trelander to the east, Newham to the south, and Highertown, Treliske and Gloweth to the west. The Truro area, like the rest of Cornwall, has an oceanic climate . This means fewer extremes in temperature than elsewhere in England, marked by high rainfall, cool summers and mild winters with infrequent frosts. The Truro urban area, including parts of surrounding parishes, had a 2001 census population of 18,051. By 2011

5610-431: The parish of Kenwyn, later known as "Castellum de Guelon", was probably built by him in 1139–1140. He styled himself "Richard de Lucy, de Trivereu". The castle passed to Reginald FitzRoy , an illegitimate son of Henry I, when he was invested by King Stephen as the first Earl of Cornwall. Reginald married Mabel FitzRichard, daughter of William FitzRichard, a major landholder in Cornwall. The 75-foot (23 m)-diameter castle

5695-399: The population, including Threemilestone, was 20,044. As of 2021, there are 23,047 residents. Its status as the county's prime destination for retail and leisure and administration is unusual in that it is only its fourth most populous settlement. Indeed, population growth at 10.5% between 1971 and 1998 was slow compared with other Cornish towns and Cornwall. This trend changed significantly in

5780-462: The present station above the city centre. The WCR diverted most passenger trains to the new station, leaving Newham mainly as a goods station until it closed in 1971; it became part of the Great Western Railway . The route from Highertown to Newham is now the Newham Trail , which is a shared-use path on a countryside loop around the south side of the city. Newquay , Cornwall's main airport,

5865-489: The questionnaire. There was a legal requirement to complete the 2011 census questionnaire, under the terms of the Census Act 1920 . As at 27 March 2011 everyone who had lived or intended to live in the country for three months or more was required to complete a questionnaire. Failure to return a completed questionnaire could lead to a fine and criminal record. Lockheed Martin UK , the UK arm of US-based aerospace , defence , security , and technology company Lockheed Martin

5950-404: The release plan for the results of the 2011 census which stated in July 2012. NISRA made a similar announcement with identical release plan. In June 2012 GROS advised on its release plan which commences in December 2012. The releases will comprise data sets enabling the standard comparison with previous census data reports as well as over a hundred new data sets based on the new questions asked in

6035-417: The systems" used to process census data, but that "in essence ... neither Lockheed Martin UK nor any Lockheed Martin employee will have access to personal Census data." The Office for National Statistics stated that no personal census information will ever leave the UK or be seen by any American-owned company. Several groups called for a boycott of the census over the involvement of Lockheed Martin, including

6120-446: The three national statistical authorities. Population data including data for males and females for the United Kingdom and revised estimates England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. Population numbers (rounded), by five-year age bands, sex and densities and household sata at national and local authority level. Population estimates (unrounded) by single year of age and sex for the UK and all local authorities (or equivalent) in

6205-461: The town a bishop and later a cathedral. In 1877 it gained city status. The New Bridge Street drill hall was completed in the late 19th century. Truro lies in the centre of western Cornwall, about 9 miles (14 kilometres) from the south coast, at the confluence of the rivers Kenwyn and Allen , which combine as the Truro River – one of a series of waterways and drowned valleys leading into

6290-552: The way at Malpas , Trelissick , Tolverne and St Mawes . The old parish church of Truro was St Mary's, which was incorporated into the cathedral in the later 19th century. The building dates from 1518, with a later tower and spire dating from 1769. United Kingdom 2011 Census The Office for National Statistics is the executive office of the UK Statistics Authority , a non-ministerial department formed in 2008 and which reports directly to Parliament. ONS

6375-457: Was a major port, due to an inland location away from invaders, to prosperity from the fishing industry, and to a role as a stannary town for assaying and stamping tin and copper from Cornish mines. The Black Death brought a trade recession and an exodus that left the town in a very neglected state. Trade and prosperity gradually returned in the Tudor period. Local government came in 1589 with

6460-544: Was awarded the contract to provide services for the census comprising questionnaire printing, a customer contact centre and data capture and processing. The contract was valued at £150 million, approximately one third of the total £482 million census budget. Concerns were raised during contract negotiations that the US PATRIOT Act could be used to force Lockheed Martin to reveal census data to US authorities. The Cabinet Office state that Lockheed Martin will "develop

6545-422: Was contracted to gather information. CACI "provided interrogators who worked at Abu Ghraib prison at the height of the prisoner abuse scandal". The 2011 Scotland census asked 13 household questions and up to 35 questions for each individual. Plans were rehearsed in west Edinburgh and Lewis and Harris . The 2011 census was the first to include a question asking about the ability to read, write and understand

6630-564: Was established as an independent body. A population census is a key instrument for assessing the needs of local communities. When related to other data sources such as housing or agricultural censuses, or sample surveys, the data becomes even more useful. Most countries of the world take censuses: the United Nations recommends that countries take a census at least once every ten years. Twenty-one out of 40 countries in Europe are engaged in

6715-401: Was in ruins by 1270 and the motte was levelled in 1840. Today Truro Crown Court stands on the site. In a charter of about 1170, Reginald FitzRoy confirmed to Truro's burgesses the privileges granted by Richard de Lucy. Richard held ten knights' fees in Cornwall before 1135. At his death the county still accounted for a third of his considerable total holding. By the early 14th century Truro

6800-463: Was laid before Parliament in October 2009 and was approved by Parliament and became law in December 2009. Capita Group was contracted by ONS to recruit, train and administer the pay for the 35,000 temporary ONS workers who worked as field staff for the 2011 census. The total cost of the 2011 census in England and Wales over the period from 2004/05 to 2015/16 is estimated to be £482 million. This

6885-418: Was made about whether or not to call for a boycott. The Census Alert campaign group also decided against calling for a boycott. Liberal Conspiracy said a boycott would be counter-productive, as the census is used to distribute funding to local services. Liberal Conspiracy reports that a council may lose £22,000 over 10 years for each person who does not complete the census. The census for England and Wales

6970-660: Was refurbished with funding from the Town Deals Programme. The museum is home to the Trewinnard Coach which dates to around 1700. The Artognou stone found at Tintagel Castle is also at the museum. Since 2011, the Museum has also housed and managed Cornwall Council 's Schools Art Collection. The collection includes work by Barbara Hepworth , Terry Frost , Patrick Heron , Bernard Leach , Ben Nicholson , Denis Mitchell and Dod Procter . The museum

7055-696: Was replaced by The West Country Tonight . A mummers play text ascribed until recently to Mylor, Cornwall (quoted in studies of folk plays such as The Mummers Play by R. J. E. Tiddy – published posthumously in 1923 – and The English Folk-Play (1933) by E. K. Chambers), has now been shown by genealogical and other research to have originated in Truro about 1780. The traditional Nine Lessons and Carols at Christmas originated in Truro in 1880, when its bishop, Edward White Benson , began to provide chances for evening singing of carols before Christmas Day, often on Christmas Eve. Truro City Council forms its basic level of government, as one of 213 parish bodies in

7140-707: Was run by the newly created Office of Population Censuses and Surveys (OPCS), a body formed by the merger of the General Register Office and Government Social Survey. In 1996 the Office for National Statistics (ONS) was formed by merging the Central Statistical Office (CSO), OPCS and the statistics division of the Department of Employment; the first census it ran was in 2001. In 2008 the UK Statistics Authority

7225-578: Was trialled in 135,000 households in Lancaster , the London Borough of Newham and Anglesey on 11 October 2009. A test was also carried out in Birmingham at the same time. The questions for the 2011 census were the same as those trialled in the 2009 Census Rehearsal. The Order for the 2011 Census (including the proposed question topics, census date and who should complete the questionnaire)

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