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38-471: RPUs work with the National Police Chiefs' Council roads policing strategy, Policing our Roads Together , which has five strands: RPU officers are responsible for patrolling the main motorways and large roads throughout the territorial police force area. In addition to their general road policing duties, they assist with various operations aimed at improving road safety and are also at

76-431: A PCC are to secure the maintenance of an efficient and effective police force within their area, and to hold the chief constable to account for the delivery of the police and crime plan. Police and crime commissioners are charged with holding the police fund (from which all policing of the area is financed) and raising the local policing precept from council tax . Police and crime commissioners are also responsible for

114-498: A PCC from office who is charged with a serious criminal offence. Police and crime panels will be able to veto a PCC's proposed precept or proposed candidate for Chief Constable by a two-thirds majority. A National Audit Office report published in January 2014 found that there were "few checks and balances" on the 41 PCCs between elections. It said police and crime panels, which were set up to scrutinise PCCs, "lack powers" to act on

152-521: A throseddu ) is an elected official in England and Wales responsible for generally overseeing police services. A police, fire and crime commissioner ( PFCC ) is an elected official in England responsible for generally overseeing both police and fire services. Commissioners replaced now-abolished police authorities . The first were elected on 15 November 2012 . In the 2010 general election campaign,

190-597: Is Gavin Stephens. Michelle Skeer and Rachel Swann (chief constables of Cumbria Constabulary and Derbyshire Constabulary , respectively) support him as vice-chairs in addition to serving as chief officers within their forces. The Chief Constables' Council is the senior operational decision-making body for the National Police Chiefs' Council. Every police force is represented in the work of the NPCC through

228-627: Is a national coordination body for law enforcement in the United Kingdom and the representative body for senior police officers in the United Kingdom. Established on 1 April 2015, it replaced the former Association of Chief Police Officers (ACPO), following the Parker Review of the operations of ACPO. The NPCC was established on 1 April 2015 as the replacement organisation of the Association of Chief Police Officers . In 2010,

266-536: Is a technology for determining the speed of a moving vehicle. It is used by police officers to catch speeding motorists. These devices are mounted on a patrol car's console, allowing the officer easy access to its controls. Many main roads in the UK now have horizontal lines of about two feet in length painted on the carriageway, which allow the VASCAR system to be calibrated. VASCAR units were first fitted to police vehicles in

304-845: Is funded by police forces in England, Wales and Northern Ireland as well as the armed services and some British overseas territories. Since 2019/20, following a letter of agreement with NPCC, the Police Service of Scotland contributes to the funding of the NPCC and has the same involvement in the governance and arrangements of the NPCC as any other member. It draws on the efforts and expertise of chief officers: those ranked assistant chief constable and above, or commander and above in MPS and City of London Police , and senior police staff equivalents. It coordinates police forces' collective operational responses to national threats such as terrorism, organised crime and national emergencies. The current NPCC chair

342-649: The Cameron Government announced a series of police reforms including local accountability through police and crime commissioners (PCC), and the creation of the National Crime Agency and the College of Policing . In 2013, the PCCs commissioned General Sir Nick Parker to review the services that ACPO provided and make recommendations about the requirements of a national policing body following

380-471: The High Court against government's plans to cut hundreds of millions of pounds from police funding. The Treasury planned to increase the money each force pays to the police pension scheme. This would involve forces paying a £420   million bill, as well as the 19% cut to police funding since 2010. Police chiefs maintain reductions have make it hard for forces to protect the public. Leaders of three of

418-976: The Localism Act 2011 requires a referendum. It is the PCC's responsibility to set the budget for the force area, which includes allocating enough money from the overall policing budget to ensure that the commissioner can discharge their functions effectively. In September 2015, the government undertook a consultation into proposals which would bring England's fire services under the control of PCCs. As of April 2023 there are five Police, Fire and Crime Commissioners: for Cumbria, Essex, Staffordshire, North Yorkshire and Northamptonshire. The Police Reform and Social Responsibility Act 2011 established police and crime panels within each force area in England and Wales (excluding Greater London). These panels consist of at least one representative from each local authority in that area, and at least two independent members co-opted by

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456-591: The Chief Constables' Council. The Chief Constables’ Council is the primary decision-making forum for the NPCC. Chief constables (and equivalents) meet quarterly to discuss operational policing issues and agree action. Working with the College of Policing, the council takes decisions on national standards and common approaches with the aim of protecting the public from the most serious and strategic threats. In addition to their day jobs, chief officers support

494-1028: The College of Policing to assist in the development of professional practice for police officers in different areas of policing. Representatives from the Government and other stakeholders in the criminal justice system and third sector are involved in the committees’ work to include a range of perspectives. The NPCC operates and/or collaborates with the following police projects: Police and crime commissioners King Charles III [REDACTED] William, Prince of Wales [REDACTED] Charles III ( King-in-Council ) [REDACTED] Starmer ministry ( L ) Keir Starmer ( L ) Angela Rayner ( L ) ( King-in-Parliament ) [REDACTED] Charles III [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] The Lord Reed The Lord Hodge Andrew Bailey Monetary Policy Committee A police and crime commissioner ( PCC ; Welsh : comisiynydd yr heddlu

532-486: The Home Office in the form of an annual grant (calculated on a proportionate basis to take into account the differences between the 43 forces in England and Wales, which vary significantly in terms of population, geographical size, crime levels and trends), though commissioners will also set a precept on the council tax to raise additional funds. If a PCC wishes to increase the precept by an amount deemed to be excessive,

570-532: The Home Office to "seek views from police authorities and prospective candidates on the wording of the oath". By the time the first police and crime commissioner had been elected, in November 2012, the original Home Office text of the "Oath of Impartiality" had been significantly modified. As an example, this is the amended oath as delivered by the police and crime commissioner for Avon and Somerset: I Sue Mountstevens of North Somerset do hereby declare that I accept

608-563: The NPCC's work by providing national operational perspectives on particular crime and policing issues. There are eleven broad coordination committees, each led by a chief officer. Within each area, chief officers may also lead on specific issues - for example, under the Crime Operations Coordination Committee there are individual leads for domestic abuse, rape, drugs and cyber-crime. The coordination committees cover: Coordination committees work closely with

646-747: The Policing Protocol Order in November 2011, which stated: The establishment of PCCs has allowed for the Home Office to withdraw from day-to-day policing matters, giving the police greater freedom to fight crime as they see fit, and allowing local communities to hold the police to account. The Association of Police and Crime Commissioners (APCC) was commissioned by the Home Office to facilitate co-ordination, representation and support for police and crime commissioners and police governance bodies from November 2012. The association represents all 40 PCCs as of April 2021. The core functions of

684-541: The appointment and – if necessary – suspension and dismissal of the Chief Constable, although the 2011 Policing Protocol Order states that the PCC "must not fetter the operational independence of the police force and the Chief Constable who leads it". PCCs are able to appoint a Deputy PCC. Shortly after their election to office, a PCC must produce a "police and crime plan". That plan must include his or her objectives for policing, what resources will be provided to

722-417: The best of my ability, will execute the duties of my office to ensure that the police are able to cut crime and protect the public. I will give a voice to the public, especially victims of crime and work with other services to ensure the safety of the community and effective criminal justice. I will take all steps within my power to ensure transparency of my decisions, so that I may be properly held to account by

760-621: The biggest forces fear officer levels will drop to those of the 1970s. The NPCC fears if the £420   million bill is dealt with only by cutting police numbers, this will mean 10,000 fewer officers. The NPCC is founded by a legal agreement between chief constables , PCCs, and non-Home Office police force equivalents under Section 22A of the Police Act 1996 . It is hosted by the Metropolitan Police Service (MPS) but acts independently. The NPCC brings together and

798-407: The chief constable and how performance will be measured. Both the PCC and the chief constable must have regard to the police and crime plan in the exercise of their duties. The PCC is required to produce an annual report to the public on progress in policing. Police and crime commissioners hold the 'police fund', from which all policing is financed. The bulk of funding for the police fund comes from

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836-402: The communities they will serve. Although police and crime commissioners may stand for a political party , the public will expect them to represent all the people in their area impartially, without fear or favour. The swearing of an oath will be an important symbol of this impartiality, emphasising both the significance of this new role in local communities and that commissioners are there to serve

874-617: The forefront in tackling vehicle crime and the criminal use of the roads network. They are also available to back up other units, as they are constantly roaming an area as part of their high visibility patrolling work. A sub-unit of the RPU is the Collision Investigation Unit (CIU) or Forensic Collision Investigation and Reconstruction Unit (FCIRU), which exists to manage the follow-up investigations into all fatal and very serious collisions. The specially-trained teams attend

912-478: The fundamental changes in policing. In 2014, a group of chief officers and PCCs began working together to implement Parker's recommendations and develop a national body. Chief officers voted in support of the group's proposals in July 2014. Chief Constable Sara Thornton was appointed to chair the NPCC on 2 December 2014. ACPO was closed down on 31 March 2015. In October 2018, the NPCC threatened to take legal action in

950-476: The government published 'Policing in the 21st Century', a consultation on its vision for policing, including the introduction of police and crime commissioners. There was a proposal to call them " sheriffs " but this was rejected after focus groups felt it sounded too American. The consultation was followed by the Police Reform and Social Responsibility Act 2011 . The Home Secretary , Theresa May , made

988-448: The information they receive. On 16 August 2012, the Home Office announced that every newly elected police and crime commissioner would be required to swear an "oath of impartiality" before taking office. The oath reads: I do solemnly and sincerely promise that I will serve all the people of [Police Force Area] in the office of police and crime commissioner without fear or favour. I will act with integrity and diligence in my role and, to

1026-604: The manifestos of the Conservatives and Liberal Democrats outlined plans, respectively, to replace or reform the existing police authorities . Following the election, the Conservative–Liberal Democrat coalition agreement of 2010 set out that: We will introduce measures to make the police more accountable through oversight by a directly elected individual, who will be subject to strict checks and balances by locally elected representatives. Later in 2010,

1064-478: The mid-1970s. The automatic number plate recognition (ANPR) system is housed in a mobile unit. Both colour and infrared cameras are used to capture images of vehicle number plates as they pass by. The index number is read automatically and checked against a number of databases. If a match is made to a vehicle of police interest, the ANPR operator receives an alarm. The operator can then alert other officers to stop

1102-447: The offence, the motorist can then be advised regarding their driving, cautioned or prosecuted, when the video recording can be used in court if necessary. JAI PROVIDA 2000 is a sophisticated in-car video and speed enforcement system for 24-hour detection of traffic offences and criminal acts. System recordings can be used in court as visual evidence, including reconstruction of events. VASCAR (Visual Average Speed Computer And Recorder)

1140-437: The office of Police and Crime Commissioner for Avon and Somerset. In making this declaration, I solemnly and sincerely promise that during my term in office: I will serve all the people of Avon and Somerset in the office of Police and Crime Commissioner. I will act with integrity and diligence in my role and, to the best of my ability, will execute the duties of my office to ensure that the police are able to cut crime and protect

1178-399: The panel. Panels are responsible for scrutinising PCC decisions and ensuring this information is available to the public. They must review the PCC's draft police and crime plan and draft annual report before publication, and the PCC must give their comments due consideration. A police and crime panel may require the attendance of the commissioner or a staff member at any time, and may suspend

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1216-418: The people, not a political party or any one section of their electorate. An oath will also underline the particular importance of even-handedness in an office which holds to account the local chief constable and police force who themselves are bound to serve impartially. The Association of Police and Crime Commissioners, set up to act as an "umbrella body" for the elected PCCs, revealed that it had been asked by

1254-404: The public. I will give a voice to the public, especially victims of crime, and work with other services to ensure the safety of the community and effective criminal justice. I will take all steps within my power to ensure transparency of my decisions, so that I may be properly held to account by the public. I will not interfere with the operational independence of police officers. In South Wales,

1292-412: The public. I will not seek to influence or prevent any lawful and reasonable investigation or arrest, nor encourage any police action save that which is lawful and justified within the bounds of this office. The then Minister for Policing and Criminal Justice, Nick Herbert said: Police and crime commissioners will be important public servants and it is right that they make a formal public commitment to

1330-491: The scenes of all such incidents, where, amongst other things, they take numerous measurements of the final layout of the scene and examine vehicles, all in a bid to piece together the cause of the crash. The ProViDa In Car Video System is fitted to both marked and unmarked traffic patrol cars and motorcycles with the aim of improving driver behaviour and road safety. It is used to detect traffic offences and to educate, advise and, if necessary, prosecute offenders. Components of

1368-412: The system: Whilst on patrol, a police officer who observes a blatant offence or an example of bad driving can record the incident on tape. Once they have stopped the driver concerned, they can then invite the motorist to sit in the police car , where the incident is replayed. A motorist can request a copy of the video evidence should the matter be dealt with at court. Depending on the circumstances of

1406-449: The title "Oath of Impartiality" was replaced by the term "Oath of Office" on the PCC's website with no mention of "impartiality". In other police areas, like Thames Valley, the PCC's website describes it simply as "The Oath". The written form of the oath which is signed by all PCCs on taking office is not headed "Oath of Impartiality" but "Declaration of Acceptance of Office". Candidates must be 18 or over and registered to vote within

1444-517: The vehicle. Traffic officers wear a white-topped or day-glo yellow peaked cap, and sometimes a white-topped bowler hat for female officers. Most forces maintain their own roads policing unit, but the Central Motorway Police Group and North West Motorway Police Group allow some forces to collaborate through a shared service. National Police Chiefs%27 Council The National Police Chiefs' Council ( NPCC )

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