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74-515: Rolle is also the birthplace of Frédéric-César de la Harpe (1754–1838), who was the tutor of Alexander I of Russia and was largely responsible for the independence of the Canton of Vaud from the Bernese . Rolle is first mentioned in 1294 as Rotuli . In 1295 it was known as Ruello and Ruelloz the city in 1330 after it passed into the hands of Jean De Grailly the 1st an Knight entrusted to care for

148-628: A Senate and some local governance. However, this state did not last; the abolition of the traditional cantons, as well as the overall structure of the Republic was unpopular with many of the Swiss people; additionally, the French pillaging of state coffers, the curbing of the right to worship and the heavy-handed crushing of resistance, most notably in Nidwalden , caused considerable resentment among

222-601: A fief . In 1295 it passed to the Knight Jean De Grailly the 1st who named it Ruello changed centuries later to Rolle. In the course of the rivalry between the Counts of Savoy and the Lords of Vaud, in 1319 Amadeus V of Savoy finally built a city around the castle. This new city closed a gap in the savoy settlements on the northern shores of Lake Geneva. The layout of the town, a large main street running parallel to

296-532: A court clerk, and ten members from Rolle and villages in the district. One of ten members governed the city. In 1740, the town bought itself out from under some taxes and duties. Rolle was the birthplace of Frédéric-César de La Harpe and Amédée de La Harpe , two important figures in the French Revolution and the end of the Ancien Régime of Switzerland . Toward the end of the 18th Century, it

370-454: A decent sized Research and Development site here. As of  2010, Rolle had an unemployment rate of 6.4%. As of 2008, there were 45 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 7 businesses involved in this sector. 388 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 46 businesses in this sector. 2,327 people were employed in the tertiary sector , with 275 businesses in this sector. There were 1,995 residents of

444-474: A deputy ruler and received a dairy farm and half of the furnaces and mills. Starting in 1366, the citizens became exempt from tolls in Aubonne. The Duke of Savoy granted the right to hold a weekly market in 1425. In 1484, he elevated it from a feudal property to a free city. The fief of Le Rosey in the district of Rolle belonged to the lord of Vufflens in the middle of the 14th Century. It later passed into

518-414: A doctorate of Laws degree. Leaving Switzerland, La Harpe travelled to Russia , where in 1783 he became a tutor for the two eldest heirs of Emperor Paul I , Konstantin and Alexander , the future emperor of Russia, with whom La Harpe remained in contact well into his reign. La Harpe was a republican idealist, seeing the rule of the Bernese administration as oligarchical , and as an infringement on

592-508: A loose military alliance (and ruling over subject territories such as Vaud ), was invaded by the French Revolutionary Army and turned into an ally known as the "Helvetic Republic". The interference with localism and traditional liberties was deeply resented, although some modernizing reforms took place. Resistance was strongest in the more traditional Catholic cantons, with armed uprisings breaking out in spring 1798 in

666-645: A medieval city wall were found in the Champ de verse which may have come from the village of Saint-Nicolas de Ver. In 1261, the Lords of Mont planned to build a city along the lake that would compete with the Aubonne and Saint-Prex . By around 1264, Rolle Castle was built to protect the pier at the lake. However, the planned city was never built by the Mont family. In 1291, the castle was in possession of Count Amadeus V of Savoy, who granted it to several different families as

740-478: A private car. From the 2000 census, 1,549 or 36.6% were Roman Catholic , while 1,309 or 30.9% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church . Of the rest of the population, there were 79 members of an Orthodox church (or about 1.87% of the population), and there were 240 individuals (or about 5.67% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There were 18 individuals (or about 0.43% of

814-507: A rate of 32.4% due to migration and at a rate of 4.3% due to births and deaths. Most of the population (as of 2000) speaks French (3,130 or 73.9%) as their first language, with Portuguese being second most common (208 or 4.9%) and English being third (183 or 4.3%). There are 178 people who speak German , 162 people who speak Italian and 3 people who speak Romansh . The age distribution, as of 2009, in Rolle is; 636 children or 11.4% of

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888-582: A solution. Although the Federalist representatives formed a minority at the conciliation conference, known as the "Helvetic Consulta", Bonaparte characterised Switzerland as federal "by nature" and considered it unwise to force the country into any other constitutional framework. On 19 February 1803, the Act of Mediation abolished the Helvetic Republic and restored the cantons. With the abolition of

962-479: A specific canton. The Helvetic Republic reduced the formerly sovereign cantons to mere administrative division, though keeping the denomination of cantons, while also raising to such status unrepresented territories previously ruled as subjects of the Confederation. In order to weaken the old power -structures, it defined new boundaries for some cantons. The Act of 1798 and subsequent developments resulted in

1036-680: A system wherein local governance was centralized in a representative structure, rather than the existing system of subject states within the region; this proposed system, he believed, would preserve the natural rights and freedom of citizens. During his time in Saint Petersburg , La Harpe began to plan an uprising of the people of Vaud against the rule of Bern. He had been denounced by the Bernese government already in 1791, for approving of revolutionary banquets being held in Vaud, one of which

1110-445: A total of 655 inhabited buildings. There were 204 multi-family buildings (31.1%), along with 125 multi-purpose buildings that were mostly used for housing (19.1%) and 67 other use buildings (commercial or industrial) that also had some housing (10.2%). In 2000, a total of 1,554 apartments (76.9% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 426 apartments (21.1%) were seasonally occupied and 41 apartments (2.0%) were empty. As of 2009,

1184-403: Is either rivers or lakes. Of the built up area, industrial buildings made up 4.0% of the total area while housing and buildings made up 28.5% and transportation infrastructure made up 18.6%. Power and water infrastructure as well as other special developed areas made up 4.4% of the area while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 8.0%. Out of the forested land, 3.3% of the total land area

1258-478: Is heavily forested and 2.2% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 17.2% is used for growing crops and 3.3% is pastures, while 9.1% is used for orchards or vine crops. Of the water in the municipality, 0.4% is in lakes and 0.4% is in rivers and streams. The municipality was part of the Rolle District until it was dissolved on 31 August 2006, and Rolle became part of

1332-495: Is seen as a time of national weakness and loss of independence. For cantons such as Vaud, Thurgau and Ticino , the three who in 1898 celebrated the centenary of their independence, the Republic was a time of political freedom and liberation from the rule of other cantons. However, the period was also marked by foreign domination and instability, and for the cantons of Bern, Schwyz and Nidwalden it signified military defeat. In 1995,

1406-625: The Bourla-papey uprising and the Stecklikrieg civil war of 1802. By then, the Republic was 12 million francs in debt, having started with a treasury of 6 million francs. This, together with local resistance, caused the Helvetic Republic to collapse , and its government took refuge in Lausanne . At that time, Napoleon Bonaparte , then First Consul of France, summoned representatives of both sides to Paris in order to negotiate

1480-696: The Diets . The constitution of the Helvetic Republic came mainly from the design of Peter Ochs , a magistrate from Basel . It established a central two-chamber legislature which included the Grand Council (with 8 members per canton) and the Senate (4 members per canton). The executive , known as the Directory , comprised 5 members. The Constitution also established actual Swiss citizenship , as opposed to just citizenship of one's canton of birth. Under

1554-821: The 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SP which received 26.57% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SVP (21.74%), the FDP (13.66%) and the Green Party (12.09%). In the federal election, a total of 982 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 42.2%. Rolle has gained popularity as a company tax haven in Switzerland. Yahoo! moved its European headquarters from UK to Rolle in 2008 and Ineos moved its principal executive offices to Rolle from UK in 2010, for tax reasons. Cisco Systems also has

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1628-411: The Act of Mediation which abolished the Helvetic Republic and turned Switzerland back into a confederacy, but guaranteed the independence of the former subject territories (such as Vaud) that now joined the confederation as cantons. La Harpe continued to support their independence within the Swiss confederation. The restored Confederacy initially suppressed La Harpe's modernist reforms, however, owing to

1702-572: The Federal Assembly chose not to celebrate the 200 year anniversary of the Helvetic Republic but to allow individual cantons to celebrate if they wished. The Federal Councilors took part in official events in Aargau in January 1998. The Helvetic period represents a key step toward the modern federal state . For the first time, the population was defined as Swiss, not as inhabitants of

1776-536: The French Directory , stating that commitments made by the Duke of Savoy in treaties signed with Bern at Lausanne in 1564 were now the responsibility of the French and thus gave them the right to assist the people of Vaud against the Bernese. By the time the French sent troops into Vaud in late January 1798, local people had already risen up and driven away the Bernese baillis (or governor ) and proclaimed

1850-649: The French Revolution . The barony included the town of Rolle (except the fief of Les Uttins which belonged until the 18th century to the La Harpe family), Tartegnin, Vinzel, Luins, half of Essertines-sur-Rolle, some homes in Begnins, the region of Vincy, and Saint-Vincent (now in Gilly ), Bursinel and in 1615 they acquired Le Rosey Castle, Dully and Le Vaud. The judicial court was composed of the lord, his deputy,

1924-685: The French Revolutionary Wars . It was created following the French invasion and the consequent dissolution of the Old Swiss Confederacy , marking the end of the ancien régime in Switzerland . Throughout its existence, the republic incorporated most of the territory of modern Switzerland, excluding the cantons of Geneva and Neuchâtel and the old Prince-Bishopric of Basel . The Swiss Confederacy, which until then had consisted of self-governing cantons united by

1998-564: The Lemanic Republic . This did not stop the French who proceeded to a largely peaceful invasion of Switzerland. With this French aid, a broader movement throughout Switzerland was begun by La Harpe and Peter Ochs , which culminated in the eventual formation of a centralized republic, called the Helvetic Republic . The republic was ruled by a central Directory , of which La Harpe became a member on 29 June 1798, as well as

2072-584: The Old Swiss Confederacy , citizenship was granted by each town and village only to residents. These citizens enjoyed access to community property and in some cases additional protection under the law. Additionally, the urban towns and the rural villages had differing rights and laws. The creation of a uniform Swiss citizenship, which applied equally for citizens of the old towns and their tenants and servants, led to conflict. The wealthier villagers and urban citizens held rights to forests, common land and other municipal property which they did not want to share with

2146-491: The Old Swiss Confederation collapsed. On 12 April 1798, 121 cantonal deputies proclaimed the Helvetic Republic, "One and Indivisible". On 14 April 1798, a cantonal assembly was called in the canton of Zürich , but most of the politicians from the previous assembly were re-elected. The new régime abolished cantonal sovereignty and feudal rights. The occupying forces established a centralised state based on

2220-681: The Swiss Directory , a committee of a few members, as the head of state is an idea which was adopted in the Swiss Federal Constitution , and lives on in the current Federal Council . La Harpe, in addition to supporting the independence of subject states in Switzerland, also played a large part in shaping the French Revolutionary period. Republican government , having only recently taken root in France,

2294-474: The canton of Säntis . Due to the instability of the situation, the Helvetic Republic had over 6 constitutions in a period of four years. The Helvetic Republic did highlight the desirability of a central authority to handle matters for the country as a whole (as opposed to the individual cantons which handled matters at the local level). In the post-Napoleonic era, the differences between the cantons (varying currencies and systems of weights and measurements) and

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2368-520: The central part of Switzerland . The French and Helvetic armies suppressed the uprisings, but opposition to the new government gradually increased over the years, as the Swiss resented their loss of local democracy, the new taxes, the centralization and the hostility to religion. Nonetheless, there were long-term effects to the Helvetic citizens. The Republic's name Helvetic , after the Helvetii ,

2442-414: The natural rights of the people of Vaud and the other subject states, such as Fribourg . La Harpe viewed the rule of the culturally dissimilar Bernese government and aristocracy as uncaring for the popular will, and contrary to the historical sovereignty of Vaud, in the tradition of the Swiss people. Because of this, La Harpe attempted to achieve a return to the "Old Regime" of the Swiss, and to create

2516-441: The "new citizens", who were generally poor. The compromise solution, which was written into the municipal laws of the Helvetic Republic, is still valid today. Two politically separate but often geographically similar organizations were created. The first, the so-called municipality, was a political community formed by-election and its voting body consists of all resident citizens. However, the community land and property remained with

2590-800: The French. This army was deployed along the defensive line from Napf to Rapperswil . Reding besieged French-controlled Lucerne and marched across the Brünig pass into the Berner Oberland to support the armies of Bern. At the same time, the French General Balthasar Alexis Henri Antoine of Schauenburg marched out of occupied Zürich to attack Zug , Lucerne and the Sattel pass . Even though Reding's army won victories at Rothenthurm and Morgarten , Schauenburg's victory near Sattel allowed him to threaten

2664-605: The Gaulish inhabitants of the Swiss Plateau in antiquity, was not an innovation; rather, the Swiss Confederacy had occasionally been dubbed Republica Helvetiorum in humanist Latin since the 17th century, and Helvetia , the Swiss national personification , made her first appearance in 1672. In Swiss history , the Helvetic Republic represents an early attempt to establish a centralized government in

2738-424: The Rolle school district. In the Vaud cantonal school system, two years of non-obligatory pre-school are provided by the political districts. During the school year, the political district provided pre-school care for a total of 1,249 children of which 563 children (45.1%) received subsidized pre-school care. The canton's primary school program requires students to attend for four years. There were 334 students in

2812-552: The Swiss people. Invasions by Austrian and Russian troops opposing the spread of the French revolutionary sentiment lead to further dissatisfaction. More trouble stirred internally with the Republican government, as La Harpe deposed the leader of the Directory, and the Helvetic Republic's co-founder, Peter Ochs in 1799. La Harpe himself eventually became a victim of the instability and violence that had surrounded Switzerland in

2886-407: The archives at Rolle Castle. Rolle has an area, as of 2009, of 2.7 square kilometers (1.0 sq mi). Of this area, 0.81 km (0.31 sq mi) or 29.6% is used for agricultural purposes, while 0.15 km (0.058 sq mi) or 5.5% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 1.74 km (0.67 sq mi) or 63.5% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.02 km (4.9 acres) or 0.7%

2960-539: The authorities crushed, with towns and villages burnt down by French troops. No general agreement existed about the future of the Swiss. Leading groups split into the Unitaires , who wanted a united republic, and the Federalists , who represented the old aristocracy and demanded a return to cantonal sovereignty. Coup attempts became frequent and the new régime had to rely on the French to survive. Furthermore,

3034-474: The centralized state, Switzerland became a confederation once again, called the Swiss Confederation . Before the advent of the Helvetic Republic, each individual canton had exercised complete sovereignty over its own territory or territories. Little central authority had existed, with matters concerning the country as a whole confined mainly to meetings of leading representatives from the cantons:

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3108-597: The construction rate of new housing units was 11.6 new units per 1000 residents. The vacancy rate for the municipality, in 2010, was 0.61%. The historical population is given in the following chart: Rolle Castle , the Library of the Community of Rolle and Île de la Harpe are listed as Swiss heritage site of national significance . The entire old city of Rolle is part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites . In

3182-774: The country. During the French Revolutionary Wars of the 1790s, the French Republican armies expanded eastward. In 1793, the National Convention had imposed friendship with the United States and the Swiss Confederation as the sole limit while delegating its powers in foreign policy to the Committee of Public Safety , but the situation changed when the more conservative Directoire took power in 1795 and Napoleon conquered Northern Italy in 1796. The French Republican armies enveloped Switzerland on

3256-554: The former local citizens who were gathered together into the Bürgergemeinde . After an uprising led by Alois von Reding in 1798, some cantons were merged, thus reducing their anti-centralist effectiveness in the legislature. Uri , Schwyz , Zug and Unterwalden together became the canton of Waldstätten ; Glarus and the Sarganserland became the canton of Linth , and Appenzell and St. Gallen combined as

3330-550: The future King Edward the 2nd. A late Bronze Age lake side settlement was discovered and partially destroyed in 1835 during construction of the artificial island of Île de la Harpe . A second settlement from the same period was found in Fleur d'Eau. In 1984, in La Combe, a first to third century AD Gallo-Roman estate was discovered. The remains of the moat and the ramparts of Rolle Castle were uncovered in 1985. Fragments of

3404-469: The grounds of "liberating" the Swiss people, whose own system of government was deemed feudal , especially for annexed territories such as Vaud . Some Swiss nationals, including Frédéric-César de La Harpe , had called for French intervention on these grounds. The invasion proceeded largely peacefully since the Swiss people failed to respond to the calls of their politicians to take up arms. On 5 March 1798, French troops completely overran Switzerland and

3478-470: The ideas of the French Revolution . Many Swiss citizens resisted these " progressive " ideas, particularly in the central areas of the country. Some of the more controversial aspects of the new regime limited freedom of worship , which outraged many of the more devout citizens. In response, the Cantons of Uri , Schwyz and Nidwalden raised an army of about 10,000 men led by Alois von Reding to fight

3552-419: The lake shore with a cross street that connects the port with the hinterland, follow the construction patterns of typical Zähringer towns. The residents of Saint-Nicolas de Ver, possibly an unsuccessful town founded by the Lords de Mont, settled in Rolle. The new city, which was built with a palisade , was granted a city charter along the lines of the charter of Moudon . As compensation, Jean de Mont became

3626-599: The large scale support garnered by the Swiss Republicans, granted them the liberty to express their beliefs. La Harpe himself refused to take part in the negotiations, in fact he wrote to Emperor Alexander complaining that "So much trouble has gone into doing such detestable work, whereas a week would have been enough to supplement all that was required for a single, central government". At the collapse of Napoleon's empire, in 1813, La Harpe and his friend Henri Monod petitioned Emperor Alexander, who in turn persuaded

3700-570: The late eighteenth century. He was overthrown by a coup, and was forced to flee in 1800. From his removal from power in 1800 until 1814, La Harpe lived near Paris, dedicating himself to writing. Between August 1801 and May 1802, he stayed in Saint Petersburg, where he often met with his former pupil, Alexander, who had been crowned Tsar of the Russian Empire in the meantime. In 1803, as First Consul of France, Bonaparte drafted

3774-541: The location for the main campus of Institut Le Rosey , one of the most prestigious boarding schools in the world. Notable former residents of Rolle, and alumni of Le Rosey, include: Aga Khan IV , King Albert II of Belgium , King Baudouin I of Belgium , King Fuad II of Egypt , King Ntare V of Burundi , Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavī , and Prince Rainier III of Monaco . Frederic-Cesar de la Harpe Frédéric-César de La Harpe ( French pronunciation: [fʁedeʁik sezaʁ də la aʁp] ; 6 April 1754 – 30 March 1838)

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3848-405: The municipal primary school program. The obligatory lower secondary school program lasts for six years and there were 262 students in those schools. There were also 22 students who were home schooled or attended another non-traditional school. As of 2000, there were 414 students in Rolle who came from another municipality, while 164 residents attended schools outside the municipality. It is also

3922-411: The municipality and 1,187 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net importer of workers, with about 1.1 workers entering the municipality for every one leaving. About 6.1% of the workforce coming into Rolle are coming from outside Switzerland, while 0.3% of the locals commute out of Switzerland for work. Of the working population, 15.5% used public transportation to get to work, and 56.3% used

3996-446: The municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 44.0% of the workforce. In 2008 the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 2,417. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 27, of which 26 were in agriculture and 1 was in fishing or fisheries. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 367 of which 224 or (61.0%) were in manufacturing and 107 (29.2%) were in construction. The number of jobs in

4070-508: The municipality. There were 1,848 married individuals, 274 widows or widowers and 214 individuals who are divorced. As of 2000, there were 1,617 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.3 persons per household. There were 586 households that consist of only one person and 89 households with five or more people. Out of a total of 1,665 households that answered this question, 35.2% were households made up of just one person and there were 9 adults who lived with their parents. Of

4144-469: The new district of Nyon. The municipality is located on Lake Geneva on the Geneva-Lausanne highway. The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Per fess Or and Vert. Rolle has a population (as of December 2020) of 6,260. As of 2008, 41.8% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1999–2009) the population has changed at a rate of 36.9%. It has changed at

4218-596: The occupying forces insisted that the accommodation and feeding of the soldiers be paid for by the local populace, which drained the economy. The treaty of alliance of 19 August with France, which also reaffirmed the French annexation of the Prince-Bishopric of Basel and imposed French rights over the Upper Rhine and the Simplon Pass for evident strategic reasons towards Germany and Italy, also broke

4292-790: The other Allied powers, to recognise Vaudois and Argovian independence, in spite of Bern's attempts to reclaim them as subject lands. At the Congress of Vienna , where the major powers set about redrawing the map of Europe following Napoleon's defeat, La Harpe acted as a representative of several Swiss cantons. He gained further recognition for Vaud's rights, though he opposed the Federal Treaty of 1815 which established Switzerland's post-Napoleonic arrangements . He returned to Switzerland in 1816 and settled in Lausanne . In his later political career, La Harpe continued to defend religious liberty and individual rights, and between 1817 and 1826 he

4366-446: The perceived need for better co-ordination between them came to a head and culminated in the Swiss Federal Constitution of 1848 . The Republic's 5-member Directory resembles the 7-member Swiss Federal Council , Switzerland's present-day executive. The Helvetic Republic is still very controversial within Switzerland. Carl Hilty described the period as the first democratic experience in Swiss territory, while within conservatism it

4440-661: The population are between 0 and 9 years old and 879 teenagers or 15.8% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 629 people or 11.3% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 921 people or 16.5% are between 30 and 39, 853 people or 15.3% are between 40 and 49, and 611 people or 11.0% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 478 people or 8.6% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 338 people or 6.1% are between 70 and 79, there are 190 people or 3.4% who are between 80 and 89, and there are 42 people or 0.8% who are 90 and older. As of 2000, there were 1,899 people who were single and never married in

4514-399: The population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education , and 672 or (15.9%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule ). Of the 672 who completed tertiary schooling, 44.5% were Swiss men, 26.8% were Swiss women, 16.4% were non-Swiss men and 12.4% were non-Swiss women. In the 2009/2010 school year there were a total of 618 students in

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4588-439: The population) who were Jewish , and 213 (or about 5.03% of the population) who were Muslim . There were 10 individuals who were Buddhist , five who were Hindu and 23 who belonged to another church. A total of 615 residents (or about 14.52% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist , and 277 individuals (or about 6.54% of the population) did not answer the question. In Rolle about 1,163 or (27.5%) of

4662-460: The possession of the lord of Avenches and the Praroman family. During the Bernese invasion of 1536, both Le Rosey Castle and Rolle Castle were attacked and burned. Under Bernese rule (1536–1798) Rolle was part of the bailiwick of Morges. In 1558, the Bernese merchant Hans Steiger, who was already the lord of Mont-le-Grand, acquired the barony of Rolle. His family retained the property until

4736-401: The rest of the households, there are 394 married couples without children, 514 married couples with children. There were 86 single parents with a child or children. There were 28 households that were made up of unrelated people and 48 households that were made up of some sort of institution or another collective housing. In 2000 there were 259 single family homes (or 39.5% of the total) out of

4810-510: The shaping of the political conditions and respective governments of the nation-states of the 1800s, especially in Germany and Italy . Helvetic Republic The Helvetic Republic ( République helvétique   ( French ) , Helvetische Republik   ( German ) , Repubblica Elvetica   ( Italian ) , Republica helvetica   ( Romansh ) ) was a sister republic of France that existed between 1798 and 1803, during

4884-506: The tertiary sector was 2,023. In the tertiary sector; 966 or 47.8% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 43 or 2.1% were in the movement and storage of goods, 93 or 4.6% were in a hotel or restaurant, 81 or 4.0% were in the information industry, 33 or 1.6% were the insurance or financial industry, 82 or 4.1% were technical professionals or scientists, 330 or 16.3% were in education and 182 or 9.0% were in health care. In 2000, there were 1,314 workers who commuted into

4958-503: The time Switzerland was a confederacy of mainly self-governing cantons held together by a loose military alliance, with little in terms of actual union and no central government. Some of the cantons were what was referred to as subject lands since they were governed by other cantons: Vaud, for example, had been under the control of Bern since the 16th century. La Harpe studied at the University of Tübingen in 1774, graduating with

5032-430: The town of Schwyz . On 4 May 1798, the town council of Schwyz surrendered. On 13 May, Reding and Schauenburg agreed to a cease-fire, the terms of which included the rebel cantons merging into a single one, thus limiting their effectiveness in the central government. However, the French failed to keep their promises in respecting religious matters and before the year was out there was another uprising in Nidwalden which

5106-444: The tradition of neutrality established by the Confederation. All this made it difficult to establish a new working state. In 1799, Switzerland became a virtual battle-zone between the French, Austrian, and Imperial Russian armies, with the locals supporting mainly the latter two, rejecting calls to fight with the French armies in the name of the Helvetic Republic. Instability in the Republic reached its peak in 1802–1803; it included

5180-585: Was a Swiss political leader, writer and journalist, best known for his pivotal role in the independence of the canton of Vaud from Bern and in the formation of the Helvetic Republic , in which he served as a member of its Directory . He was a personal teacher of Alexander I of Russia and educated him in the ideas of the Lumières . La Harpe was born in 1754 in Rolle , Vaud, Switzerland , to Sigismond de la Harpe and Sophie Dorothée Crinsoz de Colombier. At

5254-556: Was a liberal member of the Grand Council of Vaud . He died in Lausanne on 30 March 1838, aged 83. Although the Helvetic Republic was itself short-lived, many fragments of the republic live on in modern Swiss society. While the involvement of French troops in the republic, and the internal conflict involved are largely criticized, the structure of the government mirrors fairly closely the current Swiss government; in particular,

5328-516: Was a center of revolutionary fervor. Amédée de La Harpe presided, in Rolle on 15 July 1791, over a revolutionary banquet. Following the French invasion of Switzerland in 1798, Rolle became the seat of a district of the same name. In 1799 the Helvetic Republic bought the castle from the municipality and used it until 1974 as the seat of government. In 1802, during the Bourla-papey uprising, patrician land titles and tax records were burned in

5402-586: Was a very new part of the European political sphere, and the creation of the Helvetic Republic marked a continued spread of republican ideas in practice. While short lived, the work of La Harpe contrasted the situations in the German states, and of the Habsburg Austria at the time. While this republic was met with poor response by the Swiss people, the ideas and structure of its government contributed to

5476-514: Was organized by his cousin, Amédée de la Harpe . La Harpe returned to Switzerland in 1794, in the midst of the French Revolutionary period , to seek support for his planned uprising; with support gathered, La Harpe continued to Paris , seeking French support to fight the control of Bern, publishing documents such as the Essay on the Constitution of the Vaud . On 10 December 1797, he addressed

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