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38-580: A palm-leaf manuscript was discovered by Haraprasad Shastri from Nepal and published in 1910 by the Asiatic Society , Kolkata . Translations in English and Bangla were published in 1939 and 1953, respectively. Sandhyakar Nandi was patronaged by Madanapala and his biographical details are retrieved from the Kaviprashasti (of 20 couplets) appended at the end. Nandi hailed from Brihadbatu,

76-565: A 1916 paper titled "হাজার বছরের পুরোনো বাংলা ভাষায় রচিত বৌদ্ধ গান ও দোঁহা” (Hajar bochhorer purono Bangla bhasay rochito Bouddho gan o doha) meaning "Buddhist songs and verses written in Bengali a thousand years ago". Shastri was the collector and publisher of many other old works, author of many research articles, a noted historiographer, and recipient of a number of awards and titles. Some of his notable works were: Balmikir jai , Meghdoot byakshya , Beneyer Meye ( The Merchant's Daughter ,

114-559: A delivery sub post office, with PIN 743165 in the North Presidency Division of North 24 Parganas district in Calcutta region. Other post offices with the same PIN are Naihati Anandabazar and Puranandapally. Some regions of Garifa post office (743166) also is inside Naihati. Being situated in the tropics, the climate of Naihati is primarily hot and humid summers and cool and dry winters. The rain bearing clouds from

152-756: A novel), Kancanmala (novel), Sachitra Ramayan , Prachin Banglar Gourab , and Bouddha dharma . His English works include: Magadhan Literature , Sanskrit Culture in Modern India , and Discovery of Living Buddhism in Bengal . He also discovered an old palm-leaf manuscript of Skanda Purana in a Kathmandu library in Nepal, written in Gupta script . Naihati Sampreeti Bridge and Jubilee Bridge Naihati Junction railway station Naihati

190-539: A rebellion by a local samanta , strategically timed to the weakening of Pala authority whilst Ram Sharan Sharma took it to be a peasant rebellion against feudal suppression. It is argued that the Dibar Dighi (incl. the Kaivarta Stambha) were commissioned to commemorate Divya's victory. Ryosuke Furui noted: Kaivarta rebellion...was a critical event in the early history of Bengal. It temporarily ousted

228-509: A study carried out by Vidyasagar University, "Most of these industrial units were located in riverine towns. A few of these were old towns inhabited previously by middle class Bengali 'babus' while others were new towns grown out of agricultural lands... Agriculture in Bengal was more remunerative than work in the jute mills but what the jute mills paid was enough to attract labour from Bihar, Orissa, U.P. first and then from C.P. or even Madras...The industrial 'mohallas' remained as ' ghettos '. There

266-785: A total of 32 lakh people from all around the city commute to Kolkata daily for work. In the Sealdah-Krishnanagar section there are 34 trains that carry commuters from 30 railway stations. In the Sealdah-Shantipur section 32 trains carry commuters from 29 stations. Naihati Ferry Service Jetty Ghat links to Mechuabazar Ferry Service Jetty Ghat across the Hooghly at Chinsurah and the Hooghly Garifa Boat Service links Ram Ghat to Hooghly Ghat at Hooghly . While State Highway 1 passes through

304-547: A vibrant industrial area. "Once upon a time, mill sirens would keep the time in Naihati. Sirens at six o'clock, at nine o'clock, at eleven o'clock… Pulse of the factories would impart a collective sense of time, a sense of discipline, a united communal life. Even before the break of dawn tea shops in factory premises and even in far off places, would open shutters. Lines of pedestrians and cyclists would be seen going to work. Night shift workers would come out in hordes to make way for

342-584: A village close to Pundravardhana , and was the son of Prajapati Nandi, who was the Sandhi-Vigrahika (minister of peace and war) of Ramapala . The poem, in four cantos, details the historical events in Bengal from the assassination of the Pala emperor Mahipala II by Divya, a rebel Kaivarta ( Mahishya ) samanta up to the reign of Madanapala in 215 verses, employing double entendre . The central theme

380-558: Is a city and a municipality of North 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal . It is a part of the area covered by Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA). Naihati Municipality is one of the oldest municipalities in North 24 Parganas district and was established in 1869. It is the birthplace of Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay , the author of India's national song Vande Mataram , among other luminaries. Naihati

418-492: Is an initiative of the Indian Government, handled by Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR). This initiative by the then Indian government, and numerous renowned scientists and under their supervision, it was possible to bring a control over the production and preservation of various breeds of sweet water fishes. The season starts from end of April and continues till the monsoon lasts. Naihati Municipality

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456-431: Is evident that localities such as Garifa, Kultala, Bibeksarani, Bijaynagar, Nimbagan and Fingapara are neighbourhoods in Naihati, though some consider them to a part of Naihati. 96.02% of the population of Barrackpore subdivision (partly presented in the map alongside) live in urban areas. In 2011, it had a density of population of 10,967 per km The subdivision has 16 municipalities and 24 census towns. For most of

494-780: Is included in the Kolkata Metropolitan Area for which the KMDA is the statutory planning and development authority. Naihati Junction railway station is 38 km from Sealdah on the Sealdah-Ranaghat Line and 16 km from Barrackpore . It is part of the Kolkata Suburban Railway system. It is connected to Bandel Junction on the Howrah-Bardhaman main line. The journey takes about 20 minutes. Garifa railway station

532-441: Is located at 22°54′N 88°25′E  /  22.9°N 88.42°E  / 22.9; 88.42 . It has an average elevation of 15 metres (49 feet). Naihati is bounded by Garifa, Halisahar and Balibhara on the north, Ramghat, Indira Nagar, Saheb Colony, Rajendrapur, Mamudpur and Dogachhia on the east, Bhatpara and Madral on the south, and the Hooghly on the west. Although not specifically spelled out, it

570-863: Is most known for discovering the Charyapada , the earliest known examples of Bengali literature. Hara Prasad Shastri was born in Kumira village in Khulna district , Bengal (now in Bangladesh) to a family that hailed from Naihati in North 24 Parganas of the present day West Bengal . The family name was Bhattacharya, a common Bengali Brahmin surname. Shastri studied at the village school initially and then at Sanskrit College and Presidency College in Calcutta (now Kolkata). While in Calcutta, he stayed with

608-544: Is nearby also. In 1857, the Eastern Bengal Railway (EBR) was formed to lay the tracks along the east bank of the Hooghly River to Kushtia and then extended to Goalundo Ghat . The Jubilee Bridge linking Bandel and Naihati was opened on 21 February 1887, so that up country freight traffic could run up to Kolkata Port . Finally, Sampreeti Bridge replaced Jubilee Bridge in 2017. Around

646-425: Is the loss and subsequent recovery of Varendra. The first and second cantos of the text describes, what has been since called "Varendra rebellion". In an asymmetrical battle between Mahipala II and a group of samantas (led by Divya, a Kaivarta ), the former was defeated and his relatives imprisoned. Whilst the causes of the battle are not discussed, the defeat is blamed on Mahipala's poor strategy of war set against

684-536: The Asiatic Society , and was its president for two years. He was also President of Bangiya Sahitya Parishad for twelve years and was an honorary member of the Royal Asiatic Society in London. Shastri's first research article was "Bharat mahila", published in the periodical Bangadarshan when he was a student. Later, Shastri became a regular contributor to the periodical, which was then edited by

722-461: The Bay of Bengal brings torrential rain in the monsoon. In the summer temperature goes as high as 40 degree Celsius and in the winter it may reach 8 degree Celsius. As per the 2011 Census of India , Naihati had a total population of 217,900, of which 109,849 (50%) were males and 108,051 (50%) were females. Population below 6 years was 19,761. The total number of literates in Naihati was 173,397 (87.51% of

760-573: The Catalogue contains invaluable information on the history of Sanskrit literature . Shastri gradually became interested in collecting old Bengali manuscripts and ended up visiting Nepal several times, where, in 1907, he discovered the Charyageeti or Charyapada manuscripts. His painstaking research on the manuscript led to the establishment of Charyapada as the earliest known evidence of Bengali language. Shastri wrote about this finding in

798-549: The District Census Handbook 2011, Naihati Municipal city covered an area of 11.55 km . Amongst the civic amenities it had 237.81 km of roads and open drains. Amongst the social, recreational and cultural facilities it had 1 stadium, 2 cinema/theatres and 5 public libraries. Amongst the commodities manufactured was bori. It had 8 bank branches. According to the Barrackpore administration, amongst

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836-541: The Durbar Library, Nepal (Calcutta 1905) with a historical introduction by Cecil Bendall (including the description of Gopal Raj Vamshavali ). He became Principal of Sanskrit College in 1900, leaving in 1908 to join the government's Bureau of Information. From 1921 to 1924, he was Professor and Head of the Department of Bengali and Sanskrit at Dhaka University . Shastri held different positions within

874-535: The Kalyani highway as Rishi Bankim industrial hub where new small scale industries are coming up very fast. Naihati, Battala area is also notable for fish farming, rearing of sweet water fish seeds of various genus like Rohu, Katla, Koi, Magur, Pabda, Silver Carp, Common Carp and many more. It was started under a training programme by Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (CIFRI), now known as Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture (CIFA), located at Kalyani. It

912-593: The Palas from their ancestral territory of Varendra and decisively weakened their control over subordinate rulers. It also paved the way for their fall in the hands of another power, the Senas , who rose after the event. Haraprasad Shastri Hara Prasad Shastri ( Bengali : হরপ্রসাদ শাস্ত্রী ; 6 December 1853 – 17 November 1931), also known as Hara Prasad Bhattacharya , was an Indian academic, Sanskrit scholar, archivist , and historian of Bengali literature . He

950-670: The Rashtrakutas of Anga, maternal uncle Mahana, and nephew Sivarajadeva. Sivarajadeva would executed the first raid on the Kaivartas , destroying their defensive arrangements. This was followed by the main battle where Ramapala's army —cavalry, infantry, boat-units and elephant-men along with those of Samantas'— met Bhima's forces. In what is described as a battle of equals, Bhima was defeated yet treated with honor by Vittapala, Ramapala's son. Bhima however seem to have fled soon, for he enlarged his army by inducting untrained subjects from

988-541: The cities/ towns information regarding density of population is available in the Infobox. Population data is not available for neighbourhoods. It is available for the entire municipal area and thereafter ward-wise. All places marked on the map are linked in the full-screen map. Naihati police station under Barrackpore Police Commissionerate has jurisdiction over Naihati Municipal area and Barrackpore I CD Block, including Barrackpur Cantonment Board . Naihati has

1026-498: The educational facilities at Naihati are 3 colleges and 10 high schools. Amongst the other facilities are 9 markets, 1 post office, 4 sub post offices, 2 ferry ghats, one municipal park, municipal lodges, 3 cinema halls (Naihati cinema hall-closed and under litigation, Kalyani cinema hall and newly opens RK Multiplex), 3 public halls (Oikatan auditorium, Railway hall and Railway Banquet Hall), 14 play grounds and 1 burning ghat (Ramghat: electric and conventional burning ghat). Naihati has

1064-492: The explicit advice of councilors. Varendra was ceded away from Palas, and the House of Kaivartas were established for around half a century. Divya was succeeded by his nephew, Bhima. In the meanwhile, Ramapala, a brother of Mahipala fled Varendra and assumed the remnants of Pala throne. Wishing to reclaim lost territories, he traveled around the kingdom purchasing assistance from Samantas. Among these samantas were his kinsmen from

1102-484: The heart of the city, Kalyani Expressway touches the outskirts. The Naihati-Habra Road is an important local road. The road transport is chiefly via the well known 85 no route (name of the bus route) which operates between Kanchrapara and Barrackpore . There are some other bus routes also like Naihati to Habra (73), Naihati to Barasat (87A and DN5), etc. A new state and also a private bus has started from Naihati to Digha, from Kanthalpara railway bridge. Goddess Kali

1140-492: The lower rungs of society and confronted Ramapala again. This turned out to be a one sided catastrophe with Bhima's men getting marauded; Bhima was captured and executed, after being made to witness the death of his own kinsmen. Though biased in favour of Ramapala, the work remains the only literary source for middle-late Pala history including Varendra Rebellion. The cause of the war between Dibyak and Mahipala II however can not be ascertained — R. C. Majumdar interpreted it to be

1178-588: The morning shift." Most of the factories in Naihati-Garifa area have closed down. Workers and employees are in an unbearable state, and the socio-cultural environment of a much larger area has been vitiated. A brief about the past industries follows. For Naihati Jute Mill at Hazinagar see Halisahar Amongst the other closed factories are Gouripore Thermal Power Station, Containers and Closures Limited and Indian Paper Pulp (IPP or more popular as kagaj kal ). Recently an industrial hub has come up beside

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1216-492: The noted Bengali author Bankimchandra Chattopadhyay , authoring around thirty articles on different topics, as well as novel reviews. He was first introduced to research by Rajendralal Mitra , a noted Indologist . Due to his ailing health, Mitra asked him for help working on The Sanskrit Buddhist Literature of Nepal , where Shastri translated descriptions of manuscripts — written by paṇḍits in Sanskrit — into English. Shastri

1254-415: The noted Bengali scholar and social reformer Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar , who was a friend of Shastri's older brother Nandakumar Nyayachunchu . Shastri passed entrance (school-leaving) examination in 1871, First Arts , the undergraduate degree, in 1873, received a BA in 1876, and Honours in Sanskrit in 1877. Later, he was conferred the title of Shastri when he received a MA degree. The Shastri title

1292-407: The population over 6 years). As of 2001 India census , Naihati had a population of 215,432. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Naihati has an average literacy rate of 74%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 79%, and female literacy is 70%. In Naihati, 9% of the population is under 6 years of age. Languages spoken in Naihati city (2011) According to

1330-573: Was also Mitra's assistant at the Asiatic Society, and became Director of Operations in Search of Sanskrit Manuscripts after Mitra's death, continuing his work on the Notices of Sanskrit MSS beginning with volume X. Shastri was instrumental in preparing the Catalogue of the Asiatic Society's approximately ten thousand manuscripts with the assistance of a few others. The long introduction to

1368-552: Was conferred on those who secured a first class (highest grade) and he was the only student in his batch (class) to do so. He then joined Hare School as a teacher in 1878. Shastri held numerous positions. He became a professor at the Sanskrit College in 1883. At the same time, he worked as an Assistant Translator with the Bengal government. Between 1886 and 1894, besides teaching at the Sanskrit College, he

1406-958: Was little or no interconnection or social and cultural contact between local Bengali population and the mill hands. Both lived in their own worlds." The following Municipalities, Census Towns and other locations in Barrackpore subdivision were part of Kolkata Urban Agglomeration in the 2011 census: Kanchrapara (M), Jetia (CT), Halisahar (M), Balibhara (CT), Naihati (M), Bhatpara (M), Kaugachhi (CT), Garshyamnagar (CT), Garulia (M), Ichhapur Defence Estate (CT), North Barrackpur (M), Barrackpur Cantonment (CB), Barrackpore (M), Jafarpur (CT), Ruiya (CT), Titagarh (M), Khardaha (M), Bandipur (CT), Panihati (M), Muragachha (CT) New Barrackpore (M), Chandpur (CT), Talbandha (CT), Patulia (CT), Kamarhati (M), Baranagar (M), South Dumdum (M), North Dumdum (M), Dum Dum (M), Noapara (CT), Babanpur (CT), Teghari (CT), Nanna (OG), Chakla (OG), Srotribati (OG) and Panpur (OG). As per

1444-681: Was the Librarian of the Bengal Library. In 1895, he headed the Sanskrit department at Presidency College . During the winter 1898–99, he assisted Dr. Cecil Bendall during research in Nepal, collecting information from the private Durbar Library of the Rana Prime Minister Bir Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana , and the total registration of manuscripts was later published as A Catalogue of Palm-Leaf and selected Paper Manuscripts belonging to

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