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43-738: On 22 April 2020, the party merged with Samajbadi Party, Nepal to form Janata Samajbadi Party, Nepal . On 14 April 2017, six of the seven constituents of the United Democratic Madhesi Front agreed in principle to merge in a bid to form a strong force representing the Terai region. The party was formed on 21 April, as the Rastriya Janata Party and Mahanta Thakur was announced as its chairperson. The party on 26 April, changed its name to Rastriya Janata Party Nepal (RJPN) after it clashed with another party bearing

86-471: A certain population, infrastructure, and revenues. The Province is governed by Unicameral parliamentary system of representative Democracy. The house consists of 93 seats where 56 candidates are elected by FPTP and 37 by proportional basis. The legislative assembly comprises a Chief Minister who is executive Head, Deputy chief Minister who assists the Chief Minister, a speaker who host the assembly,

129-551: A deputy speaker who assists the speaker, and various ministries which look over respective departments. The first provincial elections in Nepal were held on 26 November and 7 December 2017. According to the results of this election in Koshi province, the biggest party is CPN (UML) winning 51 seats; the second biggest party is Nepali Congress which won 21 seats; the third biggest party is CPN (Maoist Center) which won 15 seats . In

172-561: A meeting on 17 January 2018, the Government of Nepal finalized the temporary capital of Province No. 1, which was renamed as Koshi Province in Falgun 17 2079 and appointed Govinda Subba as the governor . Sher Dhan Rai was elected as first Chief Minister of Koshi Province on 14 February 2018. Currently Hikmat Kumar Karki is serving as Chief Minister who is the executive Head of Koshi Government For convenience and decentralisation,

215-409: A valley called Inner Terai . Churai Range , Mahabharat Range and other hills of various heights, basins, tars, and valleys form the hilly region. Some parts of this region are favorable for agriculture but some other parts are not. The Himalayan region, in the north, consists of many mountains ranges. Mahalangur , Kumbhakarna , Umvek, Lumba Sumba and Janak being some of them. The highest mountain in

258-648: A win in Janakpur . Ahead of the legislative and provincial elections , the RJPN formed an alliance with the Upendra Yadav -led Federal Socialist Forum, Nepal . The party won 17 seats in the House of Representatives and finished with the fourth highest vote count in proportional representation . The party won in key areas of their home province, Province No. 2 , winning 13 mayoral seats out of 67 municipalities in

301-517: Is Hill Brahmin (11.98%). Other Khas Arya groups are the Kami (3.27%) and Damai (1.78%). The Janajati groups are the Rai (10.21%), Limbu (8.01%), Tamang (4.62%), Magar (4.13%), Newar (3.68%), Sherpa (1.40%) and Gurung (1.36%). Some Terai groups include Tharu (4.10%), Musalman (3.55%), Rajbanshi (2.47%), Musahar (1.35%), Yadav (1.30%) and Santal (1.11%). As of 2021, Chhetris were

344-479: Is lingua franca of the province and is the mother tongue of 45.27% of the population. Maithili is the second-largest language, spoken by 11.68%. 6.70% of the population spoke Limbu , 4.40% Tharu , 3.54% Tamang , 2.88% Magar Dhut , 2.70% Bantawa , 2.58% Rajbanshi , 2.32% Urdu , 1.85% Rai , 1.67% Chamling , 1.32% Sherpa , 1.26% Nepal Bhasha and 1.08% Santali . The Language Commission of Nepal has recommended Limbu and Maithili as official language in

387-468: Is 1 metropolitan city, 2 sub-metropolitan cities, 46 municipalities and 88 rural municipalities. The province is made up of the 14 following districts: Cities and villages are governed by municipalities in Nepal . A district may have one or more municipalities. Koshi Province has two types of municipalities. The government of Nepal has set out minimum criteria to meet city and towns. These criteria include

430-478: Is 19.7%. The major contributors to the economy of Koshi are: Agriculture accounts for 38% of Koshi's GDP and is the main source of livelihood for 75% of the population. The province has 714 registered businesses, with agriculture and forestry industry having the highest number registered businesses 114 (15.96%). Koshi contributes 22% of the total paddy production of Nepal and 29.3% of the national maize production. Koshi province has wide audience and sportsperson in

473-424: Is at distance of 18 km from Bathnaha Railway Station . Itahari will be further connected with Katahari which is 20 km at distance from Biratnagar (Katahari). Koshi has the third largest economy in Nepal, and contributes 15% to the national GDP. Koshi's GDP growth rate was estimated to be 6.5% in fiscal year 2018/19. Population in absolute poverty in Koshi is 12.4%, and the multidimensional poverty rate

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516-661: Is mentioned in the Bal Kand section of Valmiki's Ramayana as the Kausiki who is the form assumed by Satyavati after her death. In the Markandeya Purana , the Kosi is described as the primal force. Due to the violent nature of the Kosi in monsoon season , legend says that Parvati , the wife of Shiva , after defeating the demon Durg , became known as the warrior goddess Durga who transformed into Kaushiki. In Ramayana,

559-599: Is named Koshi after the Koshi River , which is the largest river in the country. On 1 March 2023 the former temporary name of the province, Province No. 1 , was changed to Koshi Province . The Kosi river is significantly and culturally an important river of Nepal. The Koshi river is called Kausika in the Rigveda and Kausiki in the Mahabharata . The Kosi is associated with many ancient spiritual stories. It

602-419: Is rich in natural resources, tourist attractions, recreational activities, and natural beauty. The province covers an area of 25,905 km (10,002 sq mi), about 17.5% of the country's total area. With the industrial city of Biratnagar as its capital, the province includes major eastern towns of Birtamod , Sundar Haraincha , Damak , Dharan , Itahari , Triyuga Municipality and Mechinagar , and

645-659: The Himalayas . Koshi river is also invoked as the mother: 'Kosi Ma'. When King Mung Mawrong Hang came to prominence in the Terai lands of Limbuwan , he cleared much of the forest area in present-day Rangeli, east of Biratnagar , and built a town there. He named his Kingdom Morang after his name and rose to power. Meanwhile, King Prithvi Narayan Shah was on a campaign to conquer all the hill kingdoms into his Empire (the Kingdom of Nepal ). He attacked Limbuwan on two fronts. After

688-765: The Limbuwan–Gorkha War from 1771 to 1774 AD, the Limbu ministers of Morang, and Limbu rulers of the ten principalities came to an agreement with the King of Gorkha. With the Limbuwan Gorkha treaty of 1774, Limbuwan was annexed to the Kingdom of Nepal. The term district has been used in various ways throughout the modern history of Nepal. At the end of the Rana regime , Nepal was divided into 32 districts. Eastern Nepal

731-698: The Mount Everest , Kangchenjunga and Ama Dablam . Koshi River , the largest river of the nation, forms the province's western boundary. Under the First-past-the-post voting system issued by the Constituency Delimitation Commission, Nepal , the province hosts 28 parliamentary seats and 56 provincial assembly seats. The province is bordered by the Tibet Autonomous Region of China to

774-559: The Naya Shakti Party, Nepal , led by former Prime Minister Baburam Bhattarai . The party was founded with the ideology of democratic socialism and ethnic federalism . It uses the flag and election symbol of the Federal Socialist Forum, Nepal. On 23 April 2020, the party merged with Rastriya Janata Party Nepal to form Janata Samajwadi Party, Nepal . Before the merger Federal Socialist Forum, Nepal

817-624: The Province. Also, It has been a pioneer in organising night matches. Inaruwa, sunsari had organised first night cricket in Nepal. Similarly, First night football was organised in Duhabi, Sunsari on 31 March 2018. The provincial teams take part in various games inside and outside Nepal. The team also comprises men as well as women. The overall sports in province is administered by Province 1 Sports Department. There are numerous stadium in Koshi are: Major football cups includes Total population of

860-550: The administrative system once again was changed, abolishing the kshetra system. The country was restructured into 75 development districts and those districts were grouped together into zones. In 1972, what is now called Koshi Province was called the Eastern Development Region that was composed of 16 districts which were grouped into three zones: Koshi, Mechi and Sagarmatha. In 2015, the Constitution

903-537: The bill in Parliament. Later, some protested the name "Koshi". Koshi Province covers an area of 25,905 km . The province has three-fold geographical division: Himalayan in the north, Hilly in the middle and Terai in the southern part of Nepal, varying between an altitude of 70 m and 8,848 m. Terai, extended from east to west, is made up of alluvial soil . To the west of Koshi River , in between Mahabharat Range and Churia Range , there elongates

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946-680: The chairmanship of the party on a rotational basis. Samajbadi Party, Nepal (2019) The Samajbadi Party, Nepal , abbr. SPN ( Nepali : समाजवादी पार्टी, नेपाल , lit.   ' Socialist Party, Nepal ') was the third-largest political party in Nepal after the Nepali Congress and the Nepal Communist Party . It was formed on 6 May 2019 by the merger of the Federal Socialist Forum, Nepal , led by Deputy Prime Minister Upendra Yadav , and

989-710: The highest mountain in the world. Here is a list of mountains in Koshi Pradesh. There are many rivers in the region that flow south from the Himalayas which are tributaries of other large rivers that join Ganga River (in India). Sapta Koshi or the Koshi is the main river of the region. Seven tributaries join the Koshi so it is called Saptkoshi. The major rivers in the province are: There are total of 137 local administrative units in this province, in which there

1032-530: The largest ethnic group with 15.0% of the population. Bahun constituted 11.6% of the population, Rai 10.2%, Limbu 7.8%, Tamang 4.6%, Tharu 4.2%, Muslims 4.1%, Magar 4.0% and Newar 3.6%. The various Madheshi non-Dalit communities were 8.68% of the population, of which the Yadav (1.42%) and Teli (0.98%) were the largest and second-largest non-Dalit communities. Madheshi Dalits were 3.40%, of which Musahar were 1.51%. Languages of Koshi Pradesh (2021) Nepali language

1075-418: The lowest point of Nepal, Kechana (70 m above sea level) to the highest point of world, Everest (8848 m above sea level) lies in this province, so maintaining a consistent road network is challenging, but all districts are connected by road networks. Air services are available. Rail services are under construction. Many domestic airports and air services are available in the region including one of

1118-609: The lowland of Terai, the hilly region, and the Himalayas' highlands. The low land altitude is 59 m, whereas the highest point is 8848 m. In the north, summers are cool and winters severe, while in the south, summers are tropical and winters are mild. Climatically, the southern belt of the province, the Terai, experiences a warm and humid climate. Eastern Nepal receives approximately 2,500 millimeters of rain annually. Koshi Pradesh has five seasons: spring , summer , monsoon , autumn and winter . The northern part of Koshi Pradesh has

1161-467: The most geographically challenging airports, Lukla Airport . Airports in Koshi: There is a 13 km railway track which has been laid in Nepal by Indian Railways is connected to Bathnaha railway station. Bathnaha is a village situated at Araria district of Bihar state of India . A custom yard station has been built both side of the border on Bathnaha–Katahari railway section. Katahari

1204-687: The name Rastriya Janata Party, which later merged with Nepal Loktantrik Forum , registered with the Election Commission. The party registered with the Election Commission on 7 July 2017. The party had initially decided to not participate in the third phase of the local elections but changed their decision later. The election of 1,112 candidates of the party handed it the second highest number of candidates elected in Province No. 2 . The party won 25 mayoral posts, including

1247-457: The north, the Indian states of Sikkim and West Bengal to the east, Bihar to the south, and Bagmati Province and Madhesh Province to the west. According to the 2021 Nepal census , there are around five million people in the province, with a population density of 190 per square kilometre. In the 2011 Nepal census , the province had approximately 4.5 million people. The province

1290-520: The north, the jungle clad hill tracts of Okhaldhunga , Khotang , Bhojpur , Tehrathum , Ilam and Panchthar in the middle and the alluvial fertile plains of Udayapur , Sunsari , Morang and Jhapa . Province No. 1 includes places like Haleshi Mahadev Temple , Pathivara Temple and Barahachhetra , which are the famous religious shrines for Hindus. Climatic conditions of Nepal vary from one place to another in accordance with their geographical features. Koshi Pradesh has three geographical folds:

1333-498: The post of Speaker. The party won 2 seats in the National Assembly elections, both candidates were elected unopposed from Province No. 2 . On 20 April 2018, disgruntled leaders led by Ashok Kumar Yadav broke away from the party and formed Rastriya Janata Party (Democratic). The party merged with Samajbadi Party, Nepal on 22 April 2020. The Rastriya Janata Party Nepal was led by a six member presidium who would share

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1376-404: The province according to 2021 Nepal census is 4,961,412 comprising 2,544,084 women (51.3%). 95 male per 100 female is the sex ratio. There are 1,191,556 households. 79.7% of the total population are literate. 86.1% of the total population of the male are educated while 73.6% of the total of the female population are literate. Religions of Koshi Province (2021) Hinduism is the major religion of

1419-772: The province is divided into 14 districts, making it the province with the most districts in Nepal. CDO is the administrative head of each District. District inturn is further divided into Metropolitan city or/and Sub Metropolitan city or/and Municipality or/and Rural Municipality which has its own Local Government. Koshi province stretches from Himalayan region to terai belt due to which health facilities are more viable in Terai than other parts. Koshi Province has 791 public health facilities: 3 Hub hospitals ( BPKIHS , Koshi Hospital), 18 Public Hospitals, 1 Regional Medical Store, 41 Primary health centre, 648 Health Post, 34 Urban health care centre, 41 community health units. There are various power stations in Koshi province: The first meeting of

1462-565: The province, which is nearly 19%, making it the 3rd largest party at the local level in the province. The party won 25 seats in the provincial assembly for Province No. 2 , 1 seat in Lumbini Province and 2 seats in Sudurpashchim . Following the election, RJPN and Federal Socialist Forum announced that they would form a coalition government in Province No. 2 , with FSFN getting the post of Chief Minister and RJPN getting

1505-409: The province. Kirat Mundhum is the second major religion of the province. 67% of the total population are Hindus, 17% are Kirantis, 9% are Buddhists, 4% are Muslims, 2% are Christians and others make up 1%. Ethnicity of Koshi Pradesh (2021) The province is very ethnically diverse. In 2011, the largest group was Chhetri , making up 14.58% of the population. Followed by Madheshi with (14.26%). Next

1548-498: The province. The commission has also recommended Tharu , Tamang , Magar , Bantawa , Urdu , Rajbanshi , Nepal Bhasa , Chamling , Sherpa and Santhali to be additional official languages, for specific regions and purposes in the province. Koshi is very well renowned for its good education.71.22% of the total population of the province can read and write mean educated. It homes to Lots of educational institution including public and private. Education up to master's level degree

1591-613: The provincial assembly was held on 5 February 2018 in Biratnagar and was chaired by Om Prakash Sarbagi. Pradeep Kumar Bhandari was elected unopposed as the Speaker of the Provincial Assembly on 11 February 2018. Saraswoti Pokharel was also elected unopposed to the post of Deputy Speaker on 15 February 2018. Only three districts out of Koshi's fourteen fall in Terai and one district falls in inner Terai. Elevation from

1634-536: The region with its seven tributaries; Indrawati , Likhu , Tamur , Dudh Kosi , Arun , Tamakoshi and Bhote Koshi (Sunkoshi) . Tundra vegetables, coniferous forests, deciduous monsoon forests, and sub-tropical evergreen woods are vegetations found here. Sub-tropical, temperate, sub-temperate, and alpine and tundra types of climates are found here. Koshi Pradesh also includes the snow fall capped peaks including Mount Everest , Kangchenjunga , Makalu with Solukhumbu , Sankhuwasabha , and Taplejung districts towards

1677-457: The river Ganges is depicted as her elder sister. According to Mahabharata epic, the God of death took the form of a woman and resides on the banks of the river to limit population growth. Kosi resonates with the folklore of Mithila . The most important depictions of Kosi folklore are Kosi as a virgin absolutely carefree and full of energy, and as a frustrated wife of old hermit Richeek wandering in

1720-576: The world, Mount Everest (8848.86 m); and the third highest mountain, Kangchenjunga (8598 m) also lie in this province. Nepal's lowest point, Kechana Kawal at 70 m, is located in Jhapa District of this province. There are many river basins and gentle slopes as well. Chure , Mahabharat , many basins, tars, and valleys form the Terai region. Between the Churia and Mahabharat, a low land of inner Terai exists. The Koshi River flows through

1763-416: Was adopted which made 14 districts into an autonomous Province which was temporarily named Province No. 1 . At the cabinet meeting held on 17 January 2018, the city of Biratnagar was declared the interim capital of Province No. 1. On 6 May 2019, it was declared the permanent capital by a vote of two-thirds of the provincial Member of legislative assembly . The province was named Koshi Province on passage of

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1806-530: Was composed of the following districts: In 1956, the eastern districts of Nepal were grouped together into a region called the Aruṇ Kshetra or Arun Region, after the Arun River which flows through it. Arun Kshetra was made by combining the then five districts; it had total area of 18,000 km (7,000 sq mi) and a total population of 1.1 million people. The five districts were: In 1962,

1849-513: Was represented in the provincial assemblies in Province No. 1 , Province No. 2 and Lumbini Province , whereas Naya Shakti Party, Nepal was represented in Bagmati Province and Gandaki Province . This list is a combination of both parties. Province No. 1 Maithili Koshi Province ( Nepali : कोशी प्रदेश ) is the autonomous easternmost province adopted by the Constitution of Nepal on 20 September 2015. The province

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