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22-550: The Reuberg lies in the western part of the Leine Uplands , a northern section of the Lower Saxon Hills . It measures about 3.5 kilometres in length and is situated within the triangle formed by the settlements of Alfeld , Delligsen and Duingen . It also lies between Brunkensen to the north, Warzen to the east, Gerzen to the southeast, Grünenplan some distance away to the east-southeast, Hohenbüchen to

44-548: A natural region but are nevertheless relatively easily delineated. Their extent from south to north is determined by the river that lends them their name and their extent from east to west by high ridges. From north to south the uplands can be broadly divided into a southern half around the wide trough of the River Leine's middle course and a northern half by the lower reaches of the same river. The River Leine flows from Friedland via Göttingen and Northeim to Einbeck through

66-750: A part of the Lower Saxon Hills and lies along the River Leine between Göttingen and Hanover . It borders on the Weser Uplands in the west, the Innerste Uplands in the northeast, the Harz in the east and Untereichsfeld in the southeast. The Leine Uplands, which merge into the Weser Uplands to the east and the Harz to the west, are not a clearly defined landscape in terms of being

88-604: Is a lithostratigraphic and allostratigraphic unit (a sequence of rock strata ) in the subsurface of large parts of west and central Europe. The Buntsandstein predominantly consists of sandstone layers of the Lower Triassic series and is one of three characteristic Triassic units, together with the Muschelkalk and Keuper that form the Germanic Trias Supergroup . The Buntsandstein

110-697: Is basically a continuation of the same unit. In Germany the Buntsandstein is subdivided into three subgroups with seven formations (from top to base): Upper Buntsandstein Middle Buntsandstein Lower Buntsandstein All of these are reasonably good reservoir rocks for oil and gas. In the Dutch subdivision, the upper two formations are part of the Upper Germanic Trias and the others part of

132-642: Is founded on Bunter sandstone and Muschelkalk . The western edge of the forest (in a northerly direction) reaches from Friedland via Göttingen and Nörten-Hardenberg to Northeim . It is here that the largest group of abris in central Europe may be found. They are often located in the narrowest places in the ravine-like rocky valleys between the Leine and the Eichsfeld. In an area about 30 km long and 6 to 10 km wide around 1600 abris have been discovered. The woods (largely beech forests) are utilised by

154-776: Is similar in age, facies and lithology with the Bunter of the British Isles . It is normally lying on top of the Permian Zechstein and below the Muschelkalk. In the past the name Buntsandstein was in Europe also used in a chronostratigraphic sense, as a subdivision of the Triassic system. Among reasons to abandon this use was the discovery that its base lies actually in the latest Permian. The Buntsandstein

176-834: The Central Uplands and enters funnel-shaped basin of the Calenberg Loess Börde which opens out into the North German Plain and which abuts on the Calenberg Uplands in the west and the Innerste Uplands and Hildesheim Forest in the east. The landscape regions of the Leine Uplands are grouped into the following major units, whereby the numbers not prefixed by the letter D represent the old categorisation into major unit groups (double figures) and major units (triple figures), whilst

198-590: The Changhsingian to Anisian stages , meaning it is between 252 and 246 million years old. In German lithostratigraphy, it is seen as a group, in the Netherlands and North Sea the name has no official status (though that does not keep geologists from using it). In the official Dutch lithostratigraphy, the Buntsandstein is divided into the Lower and Upper Germanic Trias Groups . The British Bunter Formation

220-604: The Leine trough ( Leine-Ilm Basin ), an important north-south orientated geological rift valley . On the hilltops along the valley of the Leine there are many castles that controlled the north-south road network in the valley during the Middle Ages and could also block it entirely. In the southeastern part of the Leine Uplands, east of the valley, is the plateau of the Göttingen-Northeim Forest which

242-690: The Glene, a southwestern tributary of the River Leine , runs over to the Duinger Berg. On the eponymous main summit of the Reuberg ( 328.2 m above NN ), stands a transmission mast belonging to Deutsche Telekom . On the northwestern slopes of the ridge are the Lippold Cave and the cultural monument of Gleneburg. The B 3 federal road runs past the Reuberg some way to

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264-581: The Ith-Hils Upland ( Ith-Hils-Bergland ), which is characterised by a succession of closely spaced ridges and finger valleys running in a northwest-southeast direction. East of the massifs that give the region its alternative name, the Ith and the Hils , which are up to 480 m high, the ridges fall steeply on both sides of the Leine into the valley and are dissected by various tributaries. Beech woods dominate

286-603: The Lower Germanic Trias. Bunter sandstone often forms spectacular rock formations as a result of weathering: including isolated rocks several tens of metres high. Most of them are designated natural monuments , for example, the Devil's Table near Hinterweidenthal . In the Palatinate, near Eppenbrunn , are the so-called Altschlossfelsen ("Old Castle Rocks"). The massif has a length of around 1.5 km and

308-561: The east. Several forest tracks and footpaths pass over the Reuberg, including one that runs over the crest from the valley of the Glene to Warzen. The E11 European long distance path runs past the hill between Grünenplan and Gerzen where the Reuberg transitions to the Steinberg . Leine Uplands The Leine Uplands ( German : Leinebergland , German pronunciation ) is a region in Germany's Central Uplands which forms

330-684: The end of the Permian a connection with the Paleo-Tethys Ocean to the south was formed in present-day southeast Poland, causing sea water to flow in periodically. This caused the inflow of more clastic material, which was deposited in the form of large alluvial fans . The same process happened in the Triassic for the Basque-Cantabrian Basin , in the axis of the future Pyrenees . Deposition took place in an arid, continental environment ( playa facies), so that there

352-602: The forestry industry. To the north this landscape transitions into the equally thickly wooded escarpments and fault-block landscape of the Southwest Harz Foreland , in which Jurassic limestone is found alongside Bunter and Muschelkalk. Immediately north of Einbeck the Hube , an outlier of the Southwest Harz Foreland, reaches the western side of the Leine and "blocks" the Leine trough to

374-409: The heights whilst the valleys are used for arable farming. Large areas of the countryside are protected. On the ridges east of the Leine, besides the mesophilic beech and ravine woods, there are xeric grasslands, dry bushlands, mesophilic grasslands and dry chalk hillside forests that are particularly worthy of conservation. Near Gronau the Leine finally leaves the Leine Uplands and, simultaneously,

396-534: The new major unit group, D 36, contains the two older groups. The following hills are counted as part of the Leine Uplands (roughly north to south ): Towns in the Leine valley (from north to south): other towns in the Leine Uplands: 51°58′0″N 9°49′0″E  /  51.96667°N 9.81667°E  / 51.96667; 9.81667 Bunter sandstone The Buntsandstein (German for coloured or colourful sandstone ) or Bunter sandstone

418-658: The north. West of the trough is the heath landscape of the latter opposite the intensively farmed Solling Foreland . Not counted as part of the Leine Uplands is the extreme east of the Southwest Harz Foreland and the extreme northwest of the Solling Foreland around the Vogler . After the Leine trough has been blocked and flows around the Hube, it runs through the Alfeld Uplands ( Alfelder Bergland ), also called

440-628: The west and some way from Coppengrave to the northwest. The hill ranges around the Reuberg are the Duinger Berg to the northwest, Külf to the north, the Sieben Berge to the east, the Steinberg to the southeast, the ridge of Hils to the southwest and further to the west the knife-edge of the Ith , part of which belongs to the Weser Uplands-Schaumburg-Hamelin Nature Park . The valley of

462-645: Was deposited in the Germanic Basin , a large sedimentary basin that was the successor of the smaller Permian Basin and spread across present day Poland , Germany, Denmark , the southern regions of the North Sea and Baltic Sea , the Netherlands and south England. In the late Permian this region had an arid climate and it was covered by inland seas which deposited the Zechstein evaporites . At

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484-480: Was little chemical weathering . Therefore, the Buntsandstein deposits are typical red beds , mainly sandstones and conglomerates with little clay . The late Anisian saw a major rise of the global ( eustatic ) sea level. A tropical sea filled the Germanic Basin then, stopping the deposition of the Buntsandstein and marking the beginning of the deposition of the Muschelkalk. The Buntsandstein belongs to

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