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86-490: For the project, 84 Siemens Desiro HC trainsets were purchased, which have higher capacity and acceleration, enabling increased punctuality. Operation of the first RRX line started in December of 2018, while five lines operate as of 2023. The construction is planned to be finished by 2030 and the project is expected to replace 24,000 automobile trips per day when finished. There are four currently operating RRX routes that use

172-561: A 35 km (22 mi) railway line. Twelve married pairs were delivered in August 2006 to the operator North County Transit District (NCTD). Service began on March 9, 2008, serving fifteen stations along the 22 mile right of way. Mountain Rail, one of two competing coalitions bidding on a large portion of FasTracks in Denver , appeared to be proposing a Siemens Desiro ML derived vehicle that

258-770: A commuter rail system in Johannesburg , operates with Bombardier Electrostar electric multiple units. The concept of multiple unit has entered the horizon of the Chinese since the 6th Speed-up Campaign of China Railway in 2007. With the upgrade of Jinghu Railway , North Jingguang Railway , Jingha Railway and Hukun Railway , and the construction of new Passenger Dedicated Lines (or Passenger Railways) completed, CRH (China Railway High-speed) trains have been put into service, mainly in North and Northeast China, and East China. All these CRH trains are electric multiple units. This

344-794: A cost of £210 million. In 2017, South Western Railway announced that they would be replacing the Class 707s with Class 701 trains. In April 2020, Southeastern signed a deal to lease the Class 707s for extra capacity. Twenty-five six-car Class 717s were ordered by Govia Thameslink Railway in December 2015 to replace Class 313 trains on services into Moorgate , entering regular service from March 2019. Southeastern At InnoTrans 2014, Siemens presented its Desiro High Capacity (Desiro HC) offering. The Desiro HC consists of single deck motor cars with up to four intermediate double deck coaches, which combines accessibility with capacity. In May 2022, it

430-476: A further 17 Class 450 units was placed, with the trains entering service by early 2007. First Great Eastern acquired 21 Class 360/1 four-car units which operate from 25 kV overhead electrical supply for services from London Liverpool Street to Clacton-on-Sea and Ipswich . These entered service in 2003. Heathrow Connect ordered five Class 360/2 four-car units for services between London Paddington and Heathrow Airport . They were converted from

516-401: A locomotive-drawn train. This is not so easy for a multiple unit, since individual cars can be attached or detached only in a maintenance facility. This also allows a loco-hauled train to be flexible in terms of number of cars. Cars can be removed or added one by one, but on multiple units two or more units have to be coupled. This is not so flexible. The passenger environment of a multiple unit

602-528: A locomotive-hauled train, if the number of cars is changed to meet the demand, acceleration and braking performance will also change. This calls for performance calculations to be done taking the heaviest train composition into account. This may sometimes cause some trains in off-peak periods to be overpowered with respect to the required performance. When 2 or more multiple units are coupled, train performance remains almost unchanged. However, in locomotive-hauled train compositions, using more powerful locomotives when

688-568: A locomotive-hauled train, one crew can serve the train regardless of the number of cars in the train provided limits of individual workload are not exceeded. Likewise, in such instances, buffet cars and other shared passenger facilities may need to be duplicated in each unit, reducing efficiency. Large locomotives can be used instead of small locomotives where more power is needed. Also, different types of passenger cars (such as reclining-seats, compartment cars, couchettes, sleepers, restaurant cars, buffet cars, etc.) can be easily added to or removed from

774-405: A motor or trailer car, it is not necessary for every one to be motorized. Trailer cars can contain supplementary equipment such as air compressors, batteries, etc.; they may also be fitted with a driving cab. In most cases, MU trains can only be driven/controlled from dedicated cab cars. However, in some MU trains, every car is equipped with a driving console, and other controls necessary to operate

860-438: A new platform will also be built to accommodate the additional trains running through it. None of these parts have started construction yet. The RRX will run on its own tracks up until Duisburg main station where it merges with the other rail traffic again, for which the entire line between the two cities will be expanded to six tracks. At Düsseldorf Airport its station will be expanded with two additional tracks and platforms as

946-563: A rate of one technical intervention per 8000 kilometers. The trains are used heavily on the Brussels Regional Express Network , but also InterCity lines between Antwerp and Ghent and on lines electrified with 25kV AC in the Belgian Ardennes where they replaced diesel-trains or locomotive-hauled stock on the international Liège to Luxembourg City route. Desiro ML Mittelrheinbahn is used by

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1032-715: A review by the SRA they were diverted to the West Coast. The dual-voltage capability has only been used in service on temporary loan to Southern on Milton Keynes Central to East Croydon services whilst covering for a shortfall of Southern Class 377 units. In 2008/09 a further 37 Class 350/2 four-car units entered service with London Midland followed by ten Class 350/3 units in 2013. First TransPennine Express took delivery of ten Class 350/4 units in 2013. First ScotRail ordered 22 three-car and 16 four-car Class 380 units. Entry to service began 8 December 2010. They displaced

1118-474: A semi-high-speed EMU named Vande Bharat Express , capable of running at 183 km/h (114 mph). And it continues to use diesel and electrical multiple units on its national network. All suburban and rapid transit lines are served by EMUs. Indonesia uses diesel since 1976 and electric MUs since 1925. Most of these MUs were built in Japan. The Manila Railroad Company (MRR) acquired its first multiple units in

1204-444: A single train, then be broken at a junction point into shorter trains for different destinations. As there are multiple engines/motors, the failure of one engine does not prevent the train from continuing its journey. A locomotive-drawn train typically has only one power unit, whose failure will disable the train. However, some locomotive-hauled trains may contain more than one power unit and thus be able to continue at reduced speed after

1290-429: A speculative Class 350 order made by Angel Trains . They were later increased to five cars. In May 2018, all of the Class 360/2s were transferred to TfL Rail which were replaced by Class 345 trains from July 2020. In February 2021, it was announced that Rail Operations Group had inherited the Class 360s from Heathrow Airport Holdings. In August 2022 two sets were scrapped with the remaining three sets being sold to

1376-485: A total of 330 carriages) to be delivered starting in 2021. Under the contract, Siemens will supply Israel Railways with Desiro HC trainsets at a value of US$ 910 million with options for additional units to be supplied in the future. Siemens will also build a US$ 65   million maintenance depot in Ashkelon and maintain the first 24 trains for the sum of US$ 114   million, with an option for Israel Railways to increase

1462-527: A train is longer can solve this problem. It may be easier to maintain one locomotive than many self-propelled cars. In the past, it was often safer to locate the train's power systems away from passengers. This was particularly the case for steam locomotives, but still has some relevance for casualties than one with a locomotive (where the heavy locomotive would act as a "crumple zone"). If a locomotive fails, it can be easily replaced with minimal shunting movements. There would be no need for passengers to evacuate

1548-545: Is Federal Railroad Administration compliant. Both EMU and DMU units would have been used for the Northwest Corridor , North Metro Corridor and Gold Line . Electric traction was eventually chosen for the project. In April 2010 ÖBB signed a framework agreement for up to 200 Desiro ML trains. The first such trains entered service on the Vienna S-Bahn in 2015, branded as class 4744/4746 cityjet . By

1634-535: Is 105 m (344 ft) long, forming train sets 210 m (690 ft) long, with a powered single-deck car on each ends and two non-powered double-deck cars in the middle. The trains have triple-unit traction capabilities, but these are not planned to be used. Maintenance of the trains is done in a new fully digital maintenance facility in Dortmund-Eving that was opened in September of 2018, and both

1720-578: Is a family of diesel or electric multiple unit passenger trains developed by Siemens Mobility , a division of the German Siemens AG conglomerate. The main variants are the Desiro Classic, Desiro ML, Desiro UK and the later Desiro City, Desiro HC and Desiro RUS. The trains are mostly used for commuter and regional services, and their rapid acceleration makes them suitable for services with short distances between stations. The design

1806-631: Is a high-capacity commuter EMU for the UK market building on the Desiro UK and Desiro Mainline, with a reduction in weight and energy use, and with ' fly-by-wire ' controls. A £1.6 billion order for 115 eight-car and twelve-car units (1,150 vehicles) for the Thameslink rolling stock programme was awarded in 2011 and finalised in 2013. The vehicles were given the designation Class 700 . In 2014, South West Trains ordered 30 Class 707 five-car units, at

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1892-501: Is a self-propelled train composed of one or more carriages joined, which if coupled to another multiple unit can be controlled by a single driver, with multiple-unit train control . Although multiple units consist of several carriages, single self-propelled carriages – also called railcars , rail motor coaches or railbuses – are in fact multiple units when two or more of them are working connected through multiple-unit train control (regardless of whether passengers can walk between

1978-466: Is already finished or nearing completion, with only small works left to finish in 2024. Between Düsseldorf and Duisburg the RRX will run on two completely separate tracks. In this section two new tracks will have to be built in the southern parts while in the parts further to the north two S-Bahn lines will be put on the same tracks freeing the former S-Bahn tracks for use by the RRX. In Düsseldorf main station

2064-773: Is an informal word for elektropoezd ( Russian : электропо́езд ), a Soviet or post-Soviet regional (mostly suburban ) electrical multiple unit passenger train . Elektrichkas are widespread in Russia, Ukraine and some other countries of the former Soviet Union. The first elektrichka ride occurred in August 1929 between Moscow and Mytishchi . Swedish railroads have been privatized in steps for about 25 years, and today many different companies operate different types of multiple units. A majority of passenger trains today consists of multiple unit trains of which regional traffic exclusively use them. The Swiss Federal Railways use many multiple units, mainly on regional lines ( S-Bahn ). In

2150-464: Is equipped with two MTU diesel engines with an output of 275 or 315 kW (369 or 422 hp) each and hydro-mechanical transmission with retarders . It typically contains 100 seats. When linked together with Scharfenberg couplers , up to three trainsets can be operated together. The Desiros are quite popular with most passengers, thanks to their good acceleration. Because they have often replaced push/pull trains, their shorter journey times, such as on

2236-592: Is flexible, and has become common in many European countries. Austrian Federal Railways (ÖBB) is using 60 diesel-powered Desiro trains designated as ÖBB 5022. These are based on the Class 642 used by Deutsche Bahn, but have some additional safety equipment. In 2005 and 2006, the Bulgarian State Railways began operating Desiro trains as part of a €67 million deal with Siemens AG for a total of 25 Diesel multiple units . As of 22 March 2006, 16 trains had been delivered, with many of them operating on

2322-687: Is now using Desiros mainly on its medium- and short-distance routes. For example, it is planning to use them as part of a proposed commuter link in Bucharest and Ilfov County . Slovenian Railways operates 30 electric Desiro units that are designated as Desiro EMG 312 SR 31E. They are used as commuter stopping trains on electrified lines, i.e., from Ljubljana to Koper , Jesenice (via Kranj ), Maribor and Dobova (via Zidani Most ). The Sprinter hybrid rail system employs VT642 Desiro diesel units. It serves Northern San Diego County, California , United States between Oceanside and Escondido along

2408-517: Is often noticeably noisier than that of a locomotive-hauled train, due to the presence of underfloor machinery. The same applies to vibration. This is a particular problem with DMUs . Separating the motive power from the payload-carrying cars means that either can be replaced when obsolete without affecting the other. Algeria possesses 17 units of the Coradia El Djazaïr, a multiple unit train produced by Alstom. These units are similar to

2494-448: Is the first time this technology has been used in a series-production train according to Siemens. As two trains are always used in a pair they have a total of 800 seats per train set, and the door areas and doors itself are large to accommodate the many passengers. The trains have a low noise-level inside and in addition to level boarding have wheelchair accessible areas that can also be used for bicycles and an accessible toilet. Each train

2580-590: Is to be increased to 80 percent. Siemens also has an order for maintenance of rolling stock for a period of 40 years. The contract with Siemens is estimated at €2.5 billion. Desiro Rus is divided into 6 types (ES1 (suburban), ES1 Premium (intercity), ES2G (suburban), ES2G (city-urban), ES2GP (intercity), ES1P (intercity). A total of 281 trainsets (1538 carriage) of all Lastochka types were delivered as of January 2023. A further modification with variable length train sets, from 4 to 12 cars, and local asynchronous power unit called ES104 (Finist), which began its operation at

2666-535: The 25-kV overhead catenary system. They operate on the Piraeus - Athens Airport , Piraeus- Kiato , Ano Liosia -Athens Airport and Athens - Chalcis suburban lines and as a stopping service on the mainline between Thessaloniki and Larissa , which is also advertised as a suburban service. OSE is in litigation with the joint venture of Siemens & Hellenic Shipyards for the supply of those 20 Desiro. At present 31 diesel Desiros are in service with MÁV (including

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2752-967: The British Rail Class 360 are used for the Suvarnabhumi Airport Link in Bangkok , Thailand which provides express and local services between Phaya Thai Station and Suvarnabhumi Airport . The only significant difference from the UK units is a much larger air conditioning pod on the roof, providing extra cooling to cope with the Thai climate. As with other Class 360 units, the trains were built in Krefeld , Germany - and were delivered from 2007. The line opened in 2010. The first Desiro UK units were ordered by South West Trains in 2001 for both short- and long-distance service out of London Waterloo to Alton , Basingstoke , and

2838-602: The Hampshire / Dorset coast, to replace its Mark 1 slam-door EMUs, which were due for replacement by the end of 2005 which were more than 40 years old and did not meet modern health and safety requirements. The new Desiro UK trains became two different classes, both of which use the 750 V DC third-rail power supply. One hundred and ten Class 450 four-car units for commuter services entered service in 2003, and 45 Class 444 five-car units for long-distance inter-city services entered service in 2004. An additional order for

2924-653: The Hellenic Railways Organisation (OSE) during 2004–2006, and again in 2007 on the Athens – Chalkida line and on the Athens suburban railway lines ( Proastiakos ). Afterwards they were returned to their owner (Hellenic Shipyards S.A.) in December 2007. In the late 2008 Hellenic Shipyards/MAN-FERROSTAAL leased the eight units to Hungary with a contract for 20 years. OSE owns and TrainOSE operates twenty electric Desiro EMU-5 (OSE class 460) equipped for

3010-586: The LRT Line 1 built by La Brugeoise et Nivelles in Belgium . The first EMUs to be used outside of rapid transit will enter service between 2021 and 2022. Most trains in North America are locomotive-hauled and use Multiple Unit (MU) control to control multiple locomotives. The control system of the leading locomotive connects to the other locomotives so that the engineer's control is repeated on all

3096-546: The Little South Line . On 2 July 2009 DSB signed a contract for eight trains from Siemens for Grenaabanen , with an option for 92 more. The trains entered service on 12 December 2010, also servicing Odderbanen from December 2012. Grenaabanen and Odderbanen shut in 2016 for their re-purposing for a light rail network in Aarhus and its satellite towns. The trainsets were moved to Svendborgbanen , whose rolling stock

3182-503: The Müglitz Valley Railway , have encouraged greater passenger numbers. Originally DB intended to operate together modern DMUs purchased from different manufacturers, but due to software incompatibilities this proved to be impossible. Therefore, the Class 642 can only be mechanically coupled with other DMUs like the Class 643 . In Greece eight diesel DMU-2 Desiro trains (OSE class 660) were temporarily in service with

3268-799: The Sofia - Kyustendil - Sofia line. Another €117 million deal for 25 EMUs has also been signed with Siemens AG. The EMUs were fitted out in Varna , where BDZ and Siemens AG are intending to establish a joint venture company. The EMUs are designated classes 30 and 31 and are servicing traffic in the Sofia and Plovdiv areas. Private railway company Arriva vlaky operates with two Desiro trains borrowed from Deutsche Bahn (DB). In Denmark, DSB has rented 12 Desiro trains since 2002. The trains were originally used between Odense and Svendborg and between Odense and Fredericia , although they were later moved to service on

3354-622: The South Side Elevated Railroad (now part of the Chicago 'L' ) in 1897. In 1895, derived from his company's invention and production of direct-current elevator control systems, Frank Sprague invented a multiple-unit controller for electric train operation. This accelerated the construction of electric-traction railways and trolley systems worldwide. Each car of the train has its own traction motors: by means of motor control relays in each car energized by train-line wires from

3440-849: The 1930s. The locally-built MC class was initially powered by gasoline and was changed to diesel during World War II . Both the MRR and its successor, the Philippine National Railways (PNR), has since acquired various classes of diesel multiple units. All multiple units owned by MRR and all of the older MUs of the PNR were built by Japanese firms. On the other hand, its newer rolling stock were built in South Korea and Indonesia . There will also be DMUs that will be built in China . The first electric multiple units were acquired in 1984 for

3526-539: The 1950s, but by utilizing and enhancing the technology of short-distance urban MU trains, long-distance express MU-type vehicles were developed and widely introduced starting in the mid-1950s. This work resulted in the original Shinkansen development which optimized all of the EMU's efficiencies to maximize speed. It was introduced upon completion of the Tokaido Shinkansen (literally "new trunk line") in 1964. By

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3612-486: The 1970s, locomotive traction was regarded as slow and inefficient, and its use is now mostly limited to freight trains. From 1999, there have been development efforts in freight EMU technology, but it is currently used only for an express freight service on the Tokaido Main Line between Tokyo and Osaka. The government has been pushing for the adoption of freight EMU technology on energy efficiency grounds in

3698-589: The Class 318 and Class 334 "Juniper" fleets on the Inverclyde Line and Ayrshire Coast Line. The Class 322 trains on the North Berwick line were also displaced by the new units. In 2003 First TransPennine Express ordered diesel-powered Desiro UK trains for use on its inter-city services across the north of England and to southern Scotland. Fifty-one three-car units designated as Class 185 diesel multiple units entered service in 2006. Desiro City

3784-536: The EBA to 150 km/h (93 mph) on account of insufficient braking power from 160 km/h (99 mph). All cars use conventional bogies and additional middle carriages can be added later. Desiro RUS , designated ES1, is 1,520 mm ( 4 ft  11 + 27 ⁄ 32  in ) broad gauge electric commuter and regional train developed for Russian railways , which calls them Lastochka (English: Swallow ). In January 2013 RZD began putting into service

3870-603: The French version of Régiolis, which belongs to the Coradia family. Metrorail , which provides commuter rail service in major urban areas of South Africa, operates most services using electric multiple unit train sets of the type 5M2A . These trains are being gradually refurbished and subsequently designated as 10M3 (Cape Town), 10M4 (Gauteng) or 10M5 (Durban). Metrorail services are split into four regions; Gauteng , KwaZulu-Natal , Eastern Cape and Western Cape . Gautrain ,

3956-677: The Global Centre for Rail Excellence in October 2022. As part of the modernisation of the West Coast Main Line , the Strategic Rail Authority (SRA) ordered 30 Class 350 dual-voltage sets for use on stopping services by Central Trains and Silverlink . They are operated by West Midlands Trains . These units were originally ordered as Class 450 third-rail units for South West Trains, but following

4042-1009: The Japanese Shinkansen and the German Intercity-Express ICE 3 high-speed trains . A new high-speed MU, the AGV , was unveiled by France's Alstom on 5 February 2008. It has a claimed service speed of 360 km/h (220 mph). India's ICF announced the country's first high-speed engine-less train named 'train 18', which would run at 250 km/h maximum speed. Multiple units have been occasionally used for freight traffic, such as carrying containers or for trains used for maintenance. The Japanese M250 series train has four front and end carriages that are EMUs, and has been operating since March 2004. The German CargoSprinter have been used in three countries since 2003. They are more energy-efficient than locomotive-hauled trains. They have better adhesion , as more of

4128-583: The RRX. In this section only minimal changes will be made to the rail line. In the entire section in Mülheim only a few new track switches were installed and new interlocking technology was installed. This is the only section where all works are already finished, as there are so few of them. In Essen and Bochum two regional rail lines, RE 16 and RB 40, will be moved to the S-Bahn tracks and shorter distances between signals will be used to increase train capacity on

4214-578: The Siemens Desiro trainsets (as the light train variant). Introduced since 2003, CFR Călători operates 120 diesel Desiro trainsets, and uses them for both its "Inter Regio", and "Regio" services, but mainly on its "Regio" trains. The trains, designated as CFR Călători Class 96 , are nicknamed " Săgeata Albastră " ('The Blue Arrow'). There was some criticism of the use of Desiros for CFR Călători's long-distance services because they were considered to be uncomfortable. CFR Călători had refitted them, and

4300-673: The UK the use of modern diesel multiple units was pioneered in Northern Ireland, although a number of other railway companies also experimented with early DMUs (including the Great Western and the London Midland Scottish). Notable examples include the Sprinter and Voyager families, and the newer Javelin trains. The London Underground passenger system is operated exclusively by EMUs. Work trains on

4386-993: The Underground employ separate locomotives, some of which are dual battery/live rail powered. In Northern Ireland the majority of passenger services have been operated by diesel multiple units since the mid-1950s under the tenure of both the Ulster Transport Authority (1948–1966) and Northern Ireland Railways (since 1967). The first multiple unis in Australia were the Tait trains, wooden bodied Electric Multiple Unit train that operated in Melbourne , Victoria . They were originally introduced as steam locomotive hauled carriages but were converted to electric traction from 1919 during Melbourne’s electrification project. Indian Railways has recently introduced

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4472-477: The airport is the third largest in Germany by passenger numbers and is therefore served by the trains. In the southern approach to Duisburg main station new flyovers will be built to increase the capacity. No construction work has happened yet in section 3 as well. The part between Duisburg main station and the border to Mülheim a. d. Ruhr is included in planning section 3, but doesn't feature exclusive tracks for

4558-420: The cars that make up the unit. In many cases these cars can only propel themselves when they are part of the unit, so they are semi-permanently coupled. For example, in a DMU one car might carry the prime mover and traction motors , and another the engine for head-end power generation; an EMU might have one car carry the pantograph and transformer , and another car carry the traction motors. MU cars can be

4644-679: The costly motive power assets can be moved around as needed and also used for hauling freight trains. A multiple unit arrangement would limit these costly motive power resources to use in passenger transportation. It is difficult to have gangway connections between coupled units and still retain an aerodynamic leading front end. Because of this, there is usually no passage between high-speed coupled units, though lower-speed coupled units frequently have connections between coupled units. This may require more crew members, so that ticket inspectors, for example, can be present in all of them. This leads to higher operating costs and lower use of crew resources. In

4730-498: The eight units from Greece), mainly as suburban trains on the regional line between Debrecen - Nagykereki and Budapest - Lajosmizse and as an express train between Budapest and Baja. Also used as local trains between Füzesabony and Debrecen and InterRegio train between Győr and Balatonszentgyörgy via Tapolca. During the summer months (when fewer units are used on the Budapest suburban routes) Desiros appear on some local train diagram on

4816-681: The end of 2023 in Yekaterinburg. Produced at the Ural Locomotives. Siemens uses the name Desiro UK for the diesel multiple unit (DMU) and electrical multiple unit (EMU) trains operated by various United Kingdom and Thailand train operators. These trains have a completely different design to the lighter Desiro Classic variant. The trainsets have modern equipment such as toilet waste retention tanks, ergonomic seats, and automated information displays with spoken announcements. Nine four-car and three-car Desiro UK EMUs based on

4902-467: The end of December 2021 ÖBB received the last three-car cityjet Desiro ML from the framework contract for 200 vehicles in April 2010. In August 2021 ÖBB acquired 21 additional four-car cityjet Desiro ML trains with eight doors per side and more than 290 seats. In 2008 NMBS / SNCB ordered 305 Desiro ML trains. In 2013, the order of the final 250 trains was suspended because of technical problems with

4988-503: The energy consumed for accelerating the train increases significantly with an increase in weight. Because of the energy efficiency and higher adhesive-weight-to-total-weight ratio values, they generally have higher acceleration ability than locomotive-type trains and are favored in urban trains and metro systems for frequent start/stop routines. Most of them have cabs at both ends, resulting in quicker turnaround times, reduced crewing costs, and enhanced safety. The faster turnaround time and

5074-510: The failure of one. They have lighter axle loads, allowing operation on lighter tracks, where locomotives may be banned. Another side effect of this is reduced track wear, as traction forces can be provided through many axles, rather than just the four or six of a locomotive. They generally have rigid couplers instead of the flexible ones often used on locomotive-hauled trains. That means brakes/throttle can be more quickly applied without an excessive amount of jerk experienced in passenger coaches. In

5160-522: The first 18 trains from the initial order for 38. In mid-2013 a joint venture between Siemens and Ural Locomotives began production of the second batch of 16 trains at a factory in Ekaterinburg . The first train was assembled in June 2014. 62% of its components were produced locally. The factory is expected to supply 240 trains by 2021. In 2011 RZD ordered 1,200 cars from Ural Locomotives. Local content

5246-484: The first section more capacity is provided by moving freight trains from the tracks used by the RRX to the tracks of the S-Bahn . For this the S-Bahn was double tracked on the entire route in the summer of 2023 and was given a larger distance between the two tracks. In Leverkusen the side platform was modified to be an island platform for which the former building of the station had to be demolished. Work in this section

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5332-451: The front car, all the traction motors in the train are controlled in unison. Most MUs are powered either by traction motors , receiving their power through a third rail or overhead wire ( EMU ), or by a diesel engine driving a generator producing electricity to drive traction motors. A MU has the same power and traction components as a locomotive , but instead of the components being concentrated in one car, they are spread throughout

5418-474: The high acceleration ability and quick turnaround times of MUs have advantages, encouraging their development in this country. Additionally, the mountainous terrain gives the MUs an advantage on grades steeper than those found in most countries, particularly on small private lines many of which run from coastal cities to small towns in the mountains. Most long-distance trains in Japan were operated by locomotives until

5504-594: The hope that widespread adoption could assist in meeting CO 2 emissions targets. The effort has been principally targeted at express package shipping that would otherwise travel by road. The first EMUs have been introduced in Belgium in the 1930s. Several models have followed since then, such as the AM75 . CIÉ introduced its first DMUs , the 2600-class, in 1951. Elektrichka ( Russian : электри́чка , Ukrainian : електри́чка , romanized :  elektrychka )

5590-403: The lines will provide an interlined service every quarter of an hour and continue on from there to the following cities: The other three lines serve part of the central section, but either use parallel routes or branch off to serve the wider region. All the lines continue outwards from the central section to connect to more cities or even neighboring states. The full planned lines are: To create

5676-442: The locomotive-hauled passenger services still in operation, the majority are tourist-oriented, such as the numerous steam-hauled trains operated seasonally on scenic lines throughout the country, as well as some of the luxury cruise trains. Japan is a country of high population density with a large number of railway passengers in relatively small urban areas, and frequent operation of short-distance trains has been required. Therefore,

5762-440: The main trunk line: Additionally, there is one route that is operated with RRX branded equipment, but does not use the main trunk line: Currently in 2023 there are seven planned lines that will all operate once per hour each, but the planning is not finished as some passenger estimates from 2006 were already exceeded in 2015. On the central section from Dortmund via Bochum, Essen, Mülheim a.d. Ruhr and Düsseldorf to Cologne four of

5848-487: The needed capacity for the additional trains running through the highly congested Rhein-Ruhr area new and improved infrastructure is planned along nearly every part of the route. This includes additional tracks and platforms as well as new connections and flyovers between tracks and improved signalling. The project is divided into 6 different sections ( Planfeststellungsabschnitte or PFA) that are also divided into smaller sub-sections with different kinds of works necessary: In

5934-656: The network. The other requirements were a top speed of at least 160 km/h (100 mph), a minimum acceleration of 1.0 m/s², multiple-unit support, being bi-directional , the standard door height of 76 cm (30 in) and an existing license by the regulators. There were three bidders for the contract, which the Siemens Desiro HC won. Subsequently, 84 trains of the type were manufactured and delivered from 2018 to 2020 for 800 million Euro . While earlier sources mention 82 trains being built, more recent ones state 84. The contract also includes maintenance of

6020-554: The non-S-Bahn tracks. Both parts of this section already have building permits, but actual work hasn't started yet. The planning of the infrastructure in Dortmund was influenced by the Deutschlandtakt so much, that large parts of it will have to be redone. Because of this, no plans have been made public yet. In contrast to most regional rail systems in Germany, the state of NRW tendered the trains to be used separately from

6106-457: The non-stop KLIA Ekspres service between KL Sentral and the airport, while another four trains call at three intermediate stations in between, including one serving Putrajaya . These EMUs have a maximum commercial speed of 160 km/h (100 mph) making them the fastest trains currently operating in Malaysia. CFR Călători, Romania's national railway operator, is one of the largest users of

6192-746: The north shore of the Lake Balaton. Desiros are used as "Helikon InterRegio" trains between Győr, Kaposvár, and Pécs. Desiros are also in service as InterRegio trains between Szombathely and Pécs. The 57 km (35 mi) KLIA Ekspres , an airport rail link service between Kuala Lumpur Sentral station and Kuala Lumpur International Airport to the south, uses the Desiro ET 425 M four-car electric multiple units (EMUs) (which are technically similar to DBAG Class 425 sets in Germany). Twelve trainsets are currently in operation: eight trains are used for

6278-535: The number of trains under Siemens' maintenance later. A low-floor, double-deck multiple unit. Swiss Federal Railways operates double-decker, or bilevel , EMUs designated as class SBB RABe 514 . They are used as commuter trains in Zürich , as part of the Zürich S-Bahn , where 61 four-car sets have been in operation since 2006. Multiple unit A multiple-unit train (or multiple unit ( MU ))

6364-414: The operator. The vehicles were then leased for 15 years to the chosen operator. This enabled more competition, as the different operators didn't need to invest into the rolling stock on their own. After a study conducted in 2011 showed that double deck trains were suitable to be used and even preferable to single deck variants due to their higher capacity and being shorter, these were selected for operation on

6450-544: The private rail operator trans regio for regional services between Cologne and Mainz on the left bank of the Rhine. The EMUs are leased from Angel Trains and received the class number 460 by the Eisenbahnbundesamt, the federal railway authority (the unpowered middle carriages have the class number 860). The 15 kV AC overhead line EMUs have a top speed of 160 km/h (99 mph); however they are limited by

6536-540: The reduced size (due to higher frequencies) as compared to large locomotive -hauled trains, has made the MU a major part of suburban commuter rail services in many countries. MUs are also used by most rapid transit systems. However, the need to turn a locomotive is no longer a problem for locomotive-hauled trains due to the increasing use of push pull trains . Multiple units may usually be quickly made up or separated into sets of varying lengths. Several multiple units may run as

6622-410: The train's weight is carried on driven wheels, rather than the locomotive having to haul the dead weight of unpowered coaches. They have a higher power-to-weight-ratio than a locomotive-hauled train since they don't have a heavy locomotive that does not itself carry passengers, but contributes to the total weight of the train. This is particularly important where train services make frequent stops, since

6708-862: The train, therefore every car can be used as a cab car whether it is motorised or not, if on the end of the train. An example of this arrangement is the NJ Transit Arrows. Virtually all rapid-transit rolling stock, such as on the New York City Subway , the London Underground , the Paris Metro and other subway systems, are multiple-units, usually EMUs. Most trains in the Netherlands and Japan are MUs, being suitable for use in areas of high population density. Many high-speed rail trains are also multiple-units, such as

6794-520: The train. Failure of a multiple unit will often require a whole new train and time-consuming switching activities; also passengers would be asked to evacuate the failed train and board another one. However, if the train consists of more than one multiple unit they are often designed such that in the event of the failure of one unit others in the train can tow it in neutral if brakes and other safety systems are operational. Idle trains do not waste expensive motive power resources. Separate locomotives mean that

6880-589: The trains already running. The company is seeking damages from Siemens for these problems which caused many delays. Siemens had already been fined €25 million for the late delivery of the first batch of trains. The order for all units was confirmed in 2013 and in March 2015 the last two arrived. In August 2014 the head of the NMBS/SNCB explained to the newspapers that the Desiro trains need repairing too often, i.e., at

6966-447: The trains and the service facilities are equipped with digital technology to enable preventative maintenance. According to the manufacturer the vehicles achieve an availability rate of over 99%. The maintenance facility also features exterior and interior cleaning facilities. Siemens Desiro HC The Siemens Desiro ( / ˈ d ɛ z i r oʊ / , / d ɛ ˈ z iː r oʊ / , German pronunciation: [ˈdɛziʁoː] )

7052-406: The trains for 32 years raising the total volume to 1.7 billion Euro. Additionally to the mentioned requirements of the tender the trains feature free Wi-Fi , air conditioning , power outlets , reading lamps and folding tables at the seats and new windows that allow internet signals to pass through uninterrupted leading to a much better experience when using the internet during the train ride. This

7138-404: The units or not). Multiple-unit train control was first used in electric multiple units in the 1890s. The Liverpool Overhead Railway opened in 1893 with two-car electric multiple units, controllers in cabs at both ends directly controlling the traction current to motors on both cars. The multiple-unit traction control system was developed by Frank Sprague and first applied and tested on

7224-566: Was announced the Egypt has ordered 94 Desiro four-car sets, amongst other railway equipment, for a 2,000 km (1,200 miles) railway development. In April 2015, Siemens announced that it had won a tender to build a fleet of 82 Desiro HC trains for the Rhein-Ruhr-Express (RRX) project in Germany. In September 2017, Israel Railways announced that Siemens was the successful bidder in a tender for 60 Electric Multiple Unit sets (for

7310-492: Was in turn moved to Lille Syd. Nordjyske Jernbaner used Desiro trains since 2004 on all its operations. Today the company owns eight Desiro trains. Germany's Deutsche Bahn introduced two-car Desiro DMUs for local services in 2000. With a top speed of 120 km/h (75 mph), these Class 642 units are mainly used on branch lines and regional lines. Besides the 234 units purchased by DB in 2007, various private German rail companies are also using Desiro DMUs. The Class 642

7396-457: Was the beginning of the general service of multiple unit trains in China's national railway system. Far earlier than the introduction of CRH brand, multiple unit trains have been running on all major cities' metro lines in China. In Japan most passenger trains, including the high-speed Shinkansen , are of the multiple-unit (MU) type, with most locomotives now used solely in freight operations. Of

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