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29-522: The Rio Negro State Park North Section is in the municipality of Novo Airão in the state of Amazonas. It has an area of 146,028 hectares (360,840 acres) and a perimeter of 237.15 kilometres (147.36 mi). It is 167 kilometres (104 mi) from Manaus , and is accessed by boat from the Rio Negro. To the northeast the state park is bounded by the right bank of the Rio Negro . The state park adjoins

58-553: A day trip to Novo Airão is difficult- most spend at least a night in the town. There are several potential accommodations in town, including lodges and bed and breakfasts. Buses leave from the Manaus Bus Terminal early in the morning and boats from the Port of Manaus in the evening. Central Amazon Ecological Corridor The Central Amazon Ecological Corridor ( Portuguese : Corredor Ecológico Central da Amazônia )

87-532: Is accessible by both river and road. The region where New Airão now exists was originally inhabited by Indigenous people, including the Waimiri-Atroari , Crichanã , Carabinari and Jauaperi peoples. In 1668, Brazilian Jesuits founded a settlement at the mouth of the Jaú River named Santo Elias de Jau . This settlement is believed to have been the second or third nucleus of settlement organized by

116-466: Is an ecological corridor in the state of Amazonas , Brazil, that connects a number of conservation units in the Amazon rainforest . The objective is to maintain genetic connectivity between the protected areas without penalizing the local people, where possible using participatory planning that involves all affected actors. The Central Amazon Ecological Corridor connects a number of conservation units in

145-481: Is open rainforest and 87% dense rainforest. Euterpe catinga and Bactris species are found in the campinarana. The economically useful Mezilaurus itauba and Heteropsis flexuosa are found in the terra firma forest. There are diverse aquatic species including the Arapaima gigas and Cichla species. About 30 species of bees have been identified and 100 of ants. There are over 200 bird species including

174-456: Is some organised work at the tourist centre. The Rio Negro State Park North Section was created by state governor Amazonino Mendes by decree 16.497 of 2 April 1995 with the stated purpose of preserving its natural ecosystems without alteration and supporting scientific, cultural, educational and recreational activities. Tourism was clearly the primary purpose. The Rio Negro State Park had a total area of 436,042 hectares (1,077,480 acres) of which

203-663: The Central Atlantic Forest Ecological Corridor were prioritized to test and address different conditions in the two main forest biomes in Brazil. Lessons learned would be applied in creation of other corridors. The agreement to implement the Central Amazon Ecological Corridor was signed on 28 December 2001, and came into effect on 15 March 2002 when the required conditions had been met. The overall goal of

232-742: The Jaú National Park along its north west boundary. Most of this boundary follows the Carabinani River , which flows north east to enter the Jaú River a few kilometres before that river enters the Rio Negro. The state park adjoins the Rio Negro Right Bank Environmental Protection Area along its south east boundary, which is formed by the Puduari River . The terrain rises to a maximum elevation of 108 metres (354 ft) in

261-520: The Castanho and Velho Airão communities, which has the ruins of the first Portuguese city on the Rio Negro from the 16th century. The families are mainly descended from indigenous groups. Most of the families live exclusively by agriculture, particularly cultivation of bananas and cassava . Fishing and liana extraction were the main extractive activities in the past. Other extractive products today include sorva , copaiba and piassava . There

290-633: The Portuguese in Amazonian lands. In 1759, the village was elevated to a town with the name Airão by Joaquim de Melo Póvoas , the first governor of the captaincy of São José do Rio Negro . Later, the district around Airão became part of Manaus. When it was dissolved in 1938 it became Novo Airão (New Airão). The municipality contains part of the Anavilhanas National Park , a 350,018 hectares (864,910 acres) conservation unit that

319-467: The Rio Negro, with the north section reaching almost to the city of Novo Airão. With the revised boundaries the north section was reduced to a smaller part of the right (west) bank of the Rio Negro, although it now extended further to west, and the south section was reduced to a smaller part of the left (east) bank of the river. Land ownership was complex, with areas belonging to the federal, state and municipal governments, to individuals and squatters. Part of

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348-483: The area, which is threatened due to its proximity to Manaus. Tourists visit Novo Airão to access the surrounding area, including visiting the Anavilhanas and Jaú National Parks, and native communities, as well as feeding and/or swimming with the Amazon river dolphins, also known as pink river dolphins . The last facility is offered at a small floating café down the harbour. It is possible to hire some boatmen at

377-499: The areas between conservation units, and through studies and surveys. Implementation of the corridor involves actors from all levels of government and from civil society. At the national level the actors include: At a regional level actors include: Local actors include local civil society associations such as fishing communities, loggers' associations and other groups dedicated to the exploitation of natural resources , as well as: The Central Amazon Ecological Corridor connects

406-455: The central Amazon region with a combined area of 52,159,206 hectares (128,888,200 acres). The corridor covers parts of the Solimões and Negro river basins, mostly in the state of Amazonas but with a small portion in the state of Pará . The main urban centers in the corridor are the cities of Manaus , Manacapuru and Tefé . If indigenous territories are included, over 70% of the corridor

435-608: The corridor was to retain the integrity of the large area covered by the corridor as far as possible without penalizing the local people. If protected area mosaics are shown to be compatible with the basic corridor design, a participatory process for internal zoning of the corridor may be established within the existing legislation. The secondary objectives of the corridor therefore aim at integrated management and participation by different social sectors in addition to those always considered in ecological corridors projects. An agreement to cooperate on restoration and environmental recovery

464-402: The deposit of white water sediments. Unlike other ecological corridors in Brazil there is very high connectivity between the conservation units, so genetic transfer has not been strangled by human disturbance in the unprotected areas. Implementation of protected reserves and parks has not guaranteed sustainability of natural systems due in part to lack of supporting infrastructure and staff, to

493-584: The initial purpose of establishing a single council for the mosaic of state and federal conservation units in the lower Rio Negro. The first expedition to the Carabinani river to collect biological data were made in October 2004. In 2005 an office was opened in the city of Novo Airão and three technicians were hired. In 2007 some training began so the residents of the park and its surroundings could act as voluntary environmental agents. The consultative council

522-421: The isolation of the protected units as islands, and to lack of involvement of actors within and around the protected unit. In an attempt to address this, ecological corridors are assembled from protected areas, indigenous lands and areas with different types of land use, forming a connected whole. The management approach is participatory, involving government and non-government actors. The Central Amazon Corridor and

551-648: The new campus for the Amazonas State University . The conservation unit is supported by the Amazon Region Protected Areas Program . Novo Air%C3%A3o Novo Airão (or New Airão ) is a municipality located in the state of Amazonas in northern Brazil on the Rio Negro River about 180 km upstream of Manaus . Its population was 19,928 (2020) and its area is 37,771 km . The town

580-409: The north section had an area of 178,620 hectares (441,400 acres) and the south section had an area of 257,422 hectares (636,100 acres). Law 2646 of 22 May 2001, also signed by governor Amazonino Mendes, reduced the areas of both sections. The north section now had 146,028 hectares (360,840 acres) and the south had 157,807 hectares (389,950 acres). The original sections had extended along both banks of

609-838: The park is designated for use by the Ministry of Defence as a training site for the Navy Command Unit based in Manaus. The park became part of the Central Amazon Ecological Corridor , established in 2002. Actions to implement the park began in 2004 when the Instituto de Proteção Ambiental do Amazonas (IPAAM) made the first meetings with the lower Rio Negro communities in the context of the Ecological Corridors Project, with

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638-550: The port for trips to Anavilhanas archipelago, Velho Airão (the ruins of the old town, and nearby petroglyphs), and occasionally the Jaú River . The boatmen perform sightseeing tours focused on alligators, bird watching, conduct aquatic trails, piranha fishing, wildlife observation, and visits to native communities. The Tourist Information Center (CAT) at the city's entrance provides a complete list of lodges, hostels and hotels, as well as tourism operators, which can help tourists plan trips. Due to current bus and boat schedules, making

667-513: The rare pavonine cuckoo ( Dromococcyx pavoninus ), nocturnal curassow ( Nothocrax urumutum ), white-naped seedeater ( Dolospingus fringilloides ) and Pelzeln's tody-tyrant ( Hemitriccus inornatus ). Threats include extraction of lianas, gravel and sand, commercial fishing, military exercises, hunting, logging and unregulated tourism. About 30 families live in the Rio Negro State Park North Section, mostly in

696-683: The south of the state park the municipality contains about 60% of the Rio Negro Right Bank Environmental Protection Area , a 1,140,990 hectares (2,819,400 acres) sustainable use conservation unit that controls use of an area of Amazon rainforest along the Rio Negro above the junction with the Solimões River . It also contains about 16% of the Rio Negro Sustainable Development Reserve , a 103,086 hectares (254,730 acres) sustainable use conservation unit created in 2008 in an effort to stop deforestation in

725-571: The watershed in the centre of the park. The region in which the Rio Negro State Park North Section lies has a humid tropical climate with average monthly temperatures no lower than 18 °C (64 °F). Monthly rainfall is highest in April, at an average of around 400 millimetres (16 in) and lowest in August with about 150 millimetres (5.9 in). The park includes open igapó forest, higher terra firma forest areas and campinarana forests. 13%

754-561: Was contained in protected areas in 2005. The corridor is of great ecological importance. It includes parts of several major rivers with different aquatic environments such as the Jutaí , Japurá , Juruá , Solimões, Tefé and Rio Negro, and many smaller rivers, streams, bayous, and várzea and terra firma lakes. It covers formations from the Tertiary period with terra firma and black water and Pleistocene and Holocene floodplains formed by

783-701: Was created on 12 June 2008, and the management plan was approved on 2 March 2009. The state park became part of the Lower Rio Negro Mosaic , created in 2010. On 9 September 2014 a working group was established to review the limits of the Puduari-Solimões section of the Margem Direita do Rio Negro Environmental Protection Area and the Rio Negro Setor Norte State Park to compensate for land used to create

812-604: Was originally an ecological station created in 1981, as well half of the Jau National Park , declared by UNESCO Natural Heritage of Humanity. It holds about 24% of the Rio Negro Left Bank Environmental Protection Area , a 611,008 hectares (1,509,830 acres) sustainable use conservation area created in 1995. It also contains the 146,028 hectares (360,840 acres) Rio Negro State Park North Section , created in 1995. To

841-533: Was signed on 24 August 2010 between the Ministry of the Environment and the University of Amazonas Foundation. The purpose was to define methods of ensuring support for restoring degraded areas in the ecological corridors, enabling and involving the actors in the native species forestry production chain, and protecting the biodiversity of the corridor through participatory management and social mobilization in

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