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30-651: The baths were commissioned by Sokollu Mustafa Pasha who was the governor ( beylerbey ) of Buda between 1566 and 1578. This is inscribed in Hungarian in the baths, on a stone standing atop the Juve spring, which is believed by locals to have a rejuvenating effect on people. As Sokollu Mustafa Pasha was the nephew of Grand Vizier Sokollu Mehmed Pasha , Rudas baths echoes the design and dimensions of similar monumental Ottoman constructions in Istanbul. The baths were used as

60-568: A Gazi Husrev-beg Library , also known as Kuršumlija . Gazi Husrev-beg was born in Serres, Greece . His father, Ferhad-beg, was a Bosnian nobleman from Hum (modern-day Herzegovina ), who worked as a high court official. His mother, Selçuk Sultan , was the daughter of the Sultan Bayezid II , making Gazi Husrev-beg Beyazid II's grandson. In less than three years, he conquered the fortresses of Knin , Skradin and Ostrovica . He

90-410: A Hungarian building or structure is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Sokollu Mustafa Pasha Sokollu Mustafa Pasha ( Turkish : Sokollu Mustafa Paşa , Hungarian : Szokoli Musztafa Pasa , Serbo-Croatian : Mustafa-paša Sokolović ) was a 16th-century Ottoman statesman and member of the influential Sokolović family . His uncle (or cousin depending on the sources)

120-598: A location for the opening scene of the 1988 action movie Red Heat , starring Arnold Schwarzenegger and James Belushi . It re-opened at the beginning of 2006, after a comprehensive renovation of its interior. The baths are open to women only on Tuesdays, to men the rest of the week, and both men and women on the weekend. The attached swimming pool is always open to both men and women. 47°29′20.73″N 19°2′52.32″E  /  47.4890917°N 19.0478667°E  / 47.4890917; 19.0478667 (See also: Ottoman architectural decoration ) This article about

150-495: A year, he was appointed sanjakbey of Bosnia on September 26, 1563, by Sultan Suleiman. His return to his birthplace of Bosnia was celebrated by the local populace. It is said that Sokollu Mustafa had a special love for Bosnasaray : A unique town bisected by a river whose banks were lined with willow trees. It was a green and airy place, full of pools and groves. The fruit-filled trees of the juicy and sweet apple, quince and pear grow in all seasons and whose branches could not bear

180-515: Is an archaic Serbo-Croatian word for intestines), although the name Drobnjaci is recorded earlier in history. However, its real connection to Gazi Husrev-beg's place of rest is unclear. His corpse was returned to Sarajevo , where it remains in a tomb in the courtyard of his mosque ( türbe ), next to the smaller one of Murat Bey Tardić , a former Christian prisoner converted to Islam and made his duke and deputy (ćehaja). Gazi Husrev-beg's endowment or Gazi Husrev-begov vakuf (trust or foundation)

210-567: Is based on his three vakufnama ' s (deeds of endowment), the first being issued November 1531, second on January 1537, and the third on November 1537. The three deeds of endowment were also legal basis for the establishment of the institution, the Gazi Husrev-begov Vakuf (or Gazi Husrev-beg's Endowment ), whose primary purpose is to take care of the endowment's properties and support for the endowed established institutions. With it Husrev-beg bequeathed his property and wealth for

240-609: The Ottoman capital at Constantinople and the Habsburg court at Vienna . As an administrator, soldier and diplomat, many of the directives included: maintaining the fragile peace between the two empires, securing regular Habsburg tribute to the Ottoman court, securing the safety of merchants and tradesmen, securing the release of captives, requesting building materials, and punishing criminals and brigands. Ottoman-era Hungary saw

270-577: The Turkish infantry made a counterfeit retreat after the first assault. Gazi Husrev-beg's forces struggled against a power vacuum in Montenegro after the death of Ottoman ally, islamized Montenegrin lord Skender-beg Crnojević in 1528. In 1541, during an uprising of Montenegro nobility, he set out to protect the Crnojevićs and the local populace. After fighting many battles to maintain order in

300-633: The city , the vakuf of Sarajevo , which was active until the 20th century. Gazi Husrev-beg played a crucial role to overcome the Christian army at the Battle of Mohács . His 10,000 Akıncıs and his irregular cavalry , composed of Turks , Bosnians and Crimean Tatars , served as reserve soldiers in that battle. According to the Ottoman military strategy, the Akıncıs circled the European knights while

330-529: The Ottoman-Hapsburg frontier. At the apex of his career, his annual income was 1.2 million akçes. He spent considerable sums on civic building works which were concentrated in Budin. In 1578, lightning struck a gunpowder storage ( baruthane ) at the royal castle at Buda . The resulting explosion destroyed a part of the city and caused a significant loss of lives, livestock and artillery. The disaster

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360-472: The Szigetvar campaign the beylerbey of Budin, Aslan Pasha (1565–66), was executed for an unsanctioned and aborted siege of Palota fortress , which had led to the loss of Ottoman soldiers and abandoned artillery. Sokollu Mustafa was appointed as the beylerbey of Budin on July 31, 1566. He served as governor general at this distinguished posting for an unprecedented twelve years which covered parts of

390-444: The central objects of the educational part of the endowment, Gazi Husrev-bey's bezistan , Morića Han as konak and Tašli Han  [ de ] as a caravanserai , Gazi Husrev-bey's Hamam , imaret and musafirhana near clock tower, muvekkithane  [ tr ] , šadrvan , hastahana as a hospital, mekteb , Gazi Husrev-begov Hanikah as a Dervish 's monastery with a boarding school, and large number of shops around

420-616: The commander of the Ottoman forces at the siege of Krupa castle between June 3–23, 1565 which led to an Ottoman victory against the Croatian forces led by  Zrínyi Miklós . His forces were later defeated at the  Battle of Obreška on September 10, 1565.  These two military engagements were precursors to the Suleiman the Magnificent 's final campaign at the siege of Szigetvar from August 6 to September 8, 1566. Prior to

450-559: The construction of facilities and the establishment of institutions, religious, educational, and public. The first vakufnama from 1531 required the construction of a mosque, humanitarian public kitchen ( imaret ) and guest house ( musafirhana ) and ḫāniqāh . The second issued on 1537 required for the Kuršumlija madrasa to be established and built, and also library to be equipped with books and other publications books purchased. The third from 1537 endowed additional property to support

480-469: The determination to establish charitable works in gratitude for his successful career. Following the footsteps of Gazi Hüsrev Bey whose prominent waqf endowment works are extensive throughout Bosnia, Sokollu Mustafa built many caravanserai , mosques, schools, bridges and water fountains in Sarajevo , Banja Luka , Gorajede , Mokra , Trn, Maglaj , Kostajnica and Sokol . Sokollu Mustafa served as

510-498: The enderûn school, Sokollu Mustafa served as falconer ( çakırcıbaşı ) in 1546. He participated in Suleiman the Magnificent 's campaign in Iraq in 1548–1549. Sokollu Mustafa was appointed financial controller ( defter kethüdası ) of Temeşvar on April 23, 1553. His annual income was 60,000 akçes. He later served as district governor of Fülek , Klis and Szeged sanjaks . After serving as sanjakbey  of Hersek for less than

540-521: The frontier eyalet at a significant annual cost of 23 million akçes. Sokollu Mustafa's administration saw improvements in the economic situation of the eyalet as annual revenues increased from 9 million akçes in the early 1560s to a peak of 21.5 million akçes in 1572. In 1574, Sokollu Mustafa Pasha was appointed as one of seven viziers of the imperial council in Constantinople. He was permitted to hold this position while serving predominantly at

570-483: The mosque and other facilities. The endowment today consists of a number of buildings and institutions built and supported by the Gazi Husrev-begov Vakuf : the Gazi Husrev-bey's Mosque , built in 1531 as the central object of the religious part of the endowment with a clock tower , Husrev-beg's and his turbe 's and other supporting buildings, Gazi Husrev-bey's Madrasa with the Gazi Husrev-bey's Library as

600-543: The region, although finally victorious, he was killed while fighting Christian rebels in Mokro, a small village in Drobnjaci (present-day Montenegro ). Legend states that he was a big man, so his warriors were unable to carry him, but instead of doing this, they took apart his intestines and buried them on a small hill called Hodžina glavica ( Imam 's Peak). The legend has it that this event gave Drobnjaci their name ( Drob

630-541: The reigns of Suleiman I , Selim II and Murad III . The beylerbey exercised a degree of local autonomy at the often turbulent but highly critical Ottoman-Habsburg  frontier. Sokollu Mustafa Pasha was known as a just and effective Ottoman administrator by his subjects and was even regarded positively by the Habsburg monarch Maximilian II due to his endeavours in maintaining peaceful relations. According to over 120 letters written in Hungarian and sent from Budin , Sokollu Mustafa Pasha corresponded regularly between

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660-576: The transformation of the former kingdom of Hungary into a multiethnic Balkan society as many Bosnians, Serbs and Croats settled into the eyalet of Budin. Three centuries after its establishment in 1241 by King Béla IV of Hungary , the city of Buda was once again serving primarily as a strategic stronghold on the frontiers of civilizations, with a large presence of Ottoman military and civil servants and few skilled tradesmen or artisans. Up to 12,500 salaried garrison troops, including 1000 janissaries , and approximately 3000 timiariots were stationed in

690-415: The weight and touched the ground. It was surrounded by high mountains. These mountains had dense forests and their peaks were covered with snow. Thanks to the beautiful air and water of this heavenly city, its people were good-natured, chaste, intelligent, and its young people were tall and healthy.   According to a story, on one particular night Sokollu Mustafa meditated from sunset to dawn and came to

720-546: The works still stand, in various forms, in modern-day Budapest : Gazi Husrev Bey Sultanzade Gazi Husrev-beg ( Ottoman Turkish : غازى خسرو بك , Gāzī Ḫusrev Beğ ; Modern Turkish : Gazi Hüsrev Bey ; 1484–1541) was an Ottoman Bosnian sanjak-bey (governor) of the Sanjak of Bosnia in 1521–1525, 1526–1534, and 1536–1541. He was known for his successful conquests and campaigns to further Ottoman expansion into Croatia and Hungary . However, his most important legacy

750-402: Was appointed sanjak-bey of the Sanjak of Bosnia on 15 September 1521, becoming one of Sultan Suleiman I 's most trusted men. A relentless campaign of conquest followed soon; the fortified towns of Greben, Sokol, Jezero, Vinac , Vrbaški Grad, Livač, Kamatin, Bočac , Udbina , Vrana , Modruč, and Požega fell at his hands. He founded, among the many buildings he ordered to construct in

780-512: Was blamed on Sokollu Mustafa Pasha who was sentenced to be executed by the Sublime Porte . This decision was influenced by court intrigue as rivals of Grand Vizier Sokollu Mehmed Pasha sought to discredit and eliminate the influential Sokollu family following the death of Selim II who was their ultimate benefactor. An alternative account, also emphasizing the role of court intrigue, provides that Sokollu Mustafa fell out of favour and

810-507: Was born in Bosnia between 1529 and 1536. At age 5, he was brought to Constantinople to study at the enderûn  school at Galata Sarayı. Sokollu Mustafa was the first of many family members who were raised up through the Ottoman administration by their senior relative and patron Sokollu Mehmed , which included Deli Hüsrev Pasha , Lala Mustafa Pasha , Tiyraki Hasan Pasha and Ferhat Pasha . Spending between four and eleven years at

840-580: Was major contribution to the improvement of the structural development of Sarajevo and its urban area . He ordered and financed construction of many important buildings there, and with his will bequeathed all his wealth into endowment for the construction and long-term support of religious and educational facilities and institutions, such as the Gazi Husrev-beg Mosque , and the Gazi Husrev-begova Medresa complex with

870-568: Was the Grand Vizier Sokollu Mehmed Pasha . Sokollu Mustafa Pasha is most notable for being the twelfth beylerbey  of Budin eyalet , the core province of Ottoman-era Hungary which stretched from Semendire to Esztergom with its capital at Budin (modern day Budapest ). His tenure of twelve years (1566–1578) saw many construction works, many of which still stand today in Budapest. Sokollu Mustafa

900-473: Was ultimately executed following his refusal to marry a sister of Murad III . On September 30, 1578, a corps of 23 soldiers arrived at Gellért Hill and proceeded to the governor's palace on the Danube River. Sokollu Mustafa Pasha was apprehended and executed with a silk cord. Sokollu Mustafa Pasha's legacy is best known and preserved through the establishment of his waqf endowment. Many of

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