40-587: The Wave-Gotik-Treffen ( WGT ; German for "Wave Gothic Meeting") is an annual world festival for "dark" music and " dark culture " in Leipzig , Germany. 150+ bands and artists from various backgrounds ( gothic rock , EBM , industrial , noise , darkwave , neo-folk , neo-classical and medieval music being examples) play at several venues throughout the city over four days on Whitsuntide . The festival also features multiple all-night dance club parties, several fairs with medieval, gothic, and related merchandise,
80-526: A "Victorian Village", and more. The venues for the Wave-Gotik-Treffen are spread out all over Leipzig. The main venue is the massive 10,000-person capacity Agra fairground halls, 4.2 miles (6.75 km) south of central Leipzig. One of the two largest halls at the Agra is for the headline concerts, the other is for the main shopping market, and a third hall at the Agra houses a bistro area and
120-586: A dance forum with many well-known DJs. In front of the Agra halls 1 and 2 is the "promenade" of the festival. The dozen-or-more additional venues for the WGT concerts and activities are as varied as the events, from the stately Schauspielhaus to the somber Krypta of the Völkerschlachtdenkmal to the Parkbühne under the trees. Festival participants typically stay either in designated camping areas on
160-482: A few hundred visitors attended. In 1992, after the re-unification of Germany , the first official Wave-Gotik-Treffen was held in the Eiskeller club (now Conne Island ) in Leipzig . Since then, the number of visitors has increased greatly. The largest installment of the WGT was the one in the year 2000 with over 300 acts and an estimated 25,000 visitors. However, that year's festival suffered financial collapse on
200-414: A group of people who define themselves through internal symbols and alternate forms of media. In the 21st century, the culture is appreciated as a heterogeneous collection of different subcultural currents, without being tied to a particular style of music, associated thinking, behavior, or dress code, despite most members sharing similar interests of such due to its emergence from the dark scene. The scene
240-423: A leading element of what dark culture represents. In the scene, religious rituals and ceremonies have been explored yet are not engrained in the foundations of what dark culture was bred from. Despite this, the theoretical and practical preoccupation with occultism and esotericism has always been a permanent part of dark culture, and in some ways can be attributed to religious movements and ways of thinking. Although
280-405: A reference towards grief and death. In addition to the color black, aesthetic awareness and a theme of individuality has been at the center of dark culture. These factors require a constant individual self-presentation against the background of what can be considered as 'the norm'. Thus, the main points of social demarcation are stylistic and visually aesthetic, whereby the fashion and style becomes
320-570: A variety of cultural exhibitions and performances, large themed picnics, and a number of unofficial fringe events. With 18,000 to 20,000 regular attendants, the WGT is one of the largest events of the gothic , cybergoth , steampunk , and rivethead subcultures worldwide. A first attempt at a Treffen was made in 1987 in Potsdam . However, as the laws of the German Democratic Republic made this kind of event illegal, only
360-601: Is World Goth Day , which originated in the United Kingdom in 2009; held on 22 May, its observance has spread internationally. Aspects of dark culture's fashion, music, and art are celebrated on this day and combine to honour the history of this movement and the inclusivity and dark expression that it represents. Events that celebrate the movement include festivals, such as Blackfield, Castle Rock, and Dark Dance which all focus exclusively on interpretations of dark culture. Other events that are not specifically attributed to
400-498: Is a community which defines itself through the characteristic fashions of the different currents, as well as through its media and meeting places, especially events and dance clubs. Although the significant movement of 'dark culture' only emerged in the late 1980s, a deeper history exists that inspired this movement dating back to the 1600s during the emergence of witchcraft and witches in Early Modern Europe, as well as
440-401: Is a mixture of thematically related subcultures including the goth and dark wave subculture, the dark neoclassical / dark ambient scene, parts of the post-industrial scene (with the genres electro-industrial , EBM , aggrotech and dark electro ) parts of neofolk and the early gothic metal scene. Dark culture's origin lies in followers of dark wave and independent music , but over
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#1732779874087480-739: Is held on the German holiday weekend of Pfingsten , known in English as Pentecost or Whitsun. This is on the Sunday seven weeks after Easter and can range from as early as 10 May to as late as 13 June (see Pentecost Date and public holiday ) . Unofficial events start in Leipzig on the Thursday night preceding the date of Pfingsten , with activities such as a social gathering for English-speaking attendees and multiple dance club nights with DJs in
520-517: Is not a musically or aesthetically closed and homogeneous group but rather it is composed of many different currents, some of which may be diametrically opposed in their musical or fashion ideals. The anchor that holds all elements of dark culture together can be viewed as the color black with all its associated symbolism. It is seen as an expression of seriousness, darkness and mysticism, but also of hopelessness and emptiness, melancholy, as well as its association with mourning and death. The dark scene
560-496: Is otherwise restricted. Official drinks vendors use sturdy "Wave Gotik Treffen" branded plastic cups instead of disposable ones, for which a deposit ( pfand ) is required. Attendees may keep cups as souvenirs, or return them for a refund of the deposit. This arrangement greatly reduces the waste and needed cleanup of disposable containers around the venues. The dates of the Wave-Gotik-Treffen vary from year to year. It
600-537: Is part of the new wave movement. Due to its internationally recognized events and the high proportion of music produced in Germany, the German subculture is perceived as outstanding and special. Much of dark culture's foundations can be attributed to beginning in Germany , where the movement is celebrated by many, particularly visible in the element of music. Throughout Germany, dark music is very popular and each year
640-425: Is specifically linked to the post-punk, gothic metal and dark neoclassical subsets within the scene, while the term " goth subculture represents an even more narroved down subset, specifically linked to dark offshoots of post-punk music," and thus only represents a small portion of the large spectrum of dark culture, despite Gothicism being used as an overarching term to name all members of the dark scene. Due to this,
680-449: The "culture" should not be understood as closed subculture, but as a social environment, consisting of people with similar preferences. Dark culture is regarded as a community defined by common interests such as art , fashion , philosophy , and arguably most significantly, by music . Originating from the shared appreciation of dark wave and independent music, the term now collectively used as 'dark music', dark culture emerged to represent
720-445: The Agra grounds near the main venue or in the hotels and hostels in and around Leipzig. In order to stay at camping areas, participants must pay extra for an Obsorgekarte , which gives them a version of the wrist band that allows campground access. Many food and drinks vendors set up stands in the "promenade" outside the Agra halls. Attendees with Obsorgekarte tickets/wristbands for camping may bring in their own food and drinks, which
760-720: The Agra's bistro area as well as at local venues like Darkflower, Moritzbastei , and others. The official festival starts on Friday, and as Monday is a public holiday in Germany the events run until the end of the all-night farewell club parties in the early morning on Tuesday. Example recent and/or near future dates: [REDACTED] Media related to Wave-Gotik-Treffen at Wikimedia Commons 51°20′25″N 12°22′29″E / 51.3403°N 12.3747°E / 51.3403; 12.3747 Dark culture Dark culture ( German Schwarze Szene ; Portuguese cultura obscura ; Spanish escena oscura ; Italian scena Dark or scena gotica ), also called dark alternative scene ,
800-403: The breadth of "dark music" from acoustic folk to medieval-influenced to deathrock , to dark electro , EBM , symphonic metal , gothic metal , industrial . A limited number of free tickets are also available for those officially participating in the festival to attend opera performances, classical music concerts, theatre, and ballet. There is a shopping market in the main event venue that runs
840-533: The colour black, and fashion can be viewed as the main features of dark culture and are a few of the characteristics that allow for individual expression within the movement itself. The element of religion has been historically scrutinised as a signifier of dark culture, however many members of the scene attribute occultist ways of thinking to religious beliefs. Dark culture is divided into different currents, some of which are in stark contrast to one another in their musical and fashion ideas. The musical preferences of
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#1732779874087880-418: The core content of self-expression. Since its emergence, dark culture has differentiated a range of sub-scenes, resulting in a variation of emerging styles, all independent however in close similarity to a general 'gothic style'. The different currents of dark culture often intrinsically influenced one another throughout the gradual development of the movement. While there were always dominant style elements in
920-478: The country hosts a number of festivals that celebrate this musical genre. ' Wave-Gotik-Treffen ' is an annual festival held in Leipzig, Germany , which honours 'dark music' and 'dark culture', attracting between 18,000 - 20,000 attendees each year. The event is one of the largest worldwide celebrations of the gothic, cybergoth , steampunk , and rivethead subcultures, hosting up to 200 alternate bands each year. The colour black within dark culture can be noted as
960-541: The darker ends of electropop . Dark culture has historically been used as an umbrella term to describe several subcultures , only emerging as its own movement in the late 1980s. Dark culture includes goth and dark wave culture , electro subculture and parts of the neofolk and post-industrial subcultures. Sometimes referred to as 'dark alternative scene', the term is rarely used in the English language, despite its significance in shaping several other movements and subcultures that emerged throughout history. In this context,
1000-406: The decades it has developed to a social network held together by a common concept of aesthetics, self-representation, and individualism. The musical preferences of the dark scene are characterized by a mix of styles ranging from gothic metal , to industrial dance music and dark ambient , to dark neoclassical , neo-medieval and dark folk music , to gothic rock , dark wave and post-punk ,
1040-533: The different supporters of the black scene are characterized by a style mix that covers a broad spectrum from avant-garde to electronic pop music , early music, neo-classical and folk to punk rock, techno and ambient. The term dark music is preferred in the social and cultural studies of music within dark culture, used as a collective term for the entirety of the music received in this scene. Alternate dark waves of music includes darkcore, dark ambient, dark cabaret, dark folk, dark psytrance, and dark wave music which
1080-480: The different time periods in which dark culture has existed, these were often combined with other current or past styles, however all generally corresponding to a typical 'gothic style' which has existed for many years and can be dated back to styles existing during the Victorian era. Despite the deep rooting in the history of dark culture's fashion, the evolution of stylistic elements and their fluid nature means that
1120-916: The entire duration of the festival and is perhaps the largest for the goth and "dark culture" community anywhere in the world. Several permanent shops in Leipzig also specialize in gothic-style clothing, shoes, and accessories, and can feature promotions during the event. Many museums in Leipzig such as the Egyptian Museum, the Museum of Fine Arts, and the Grassi Museums offer free admission or special guided tours for paid festival attendees. In addition, there are Renaissance fairs , Viking and Pagan markets, themed picnics , Gothic Romance events, CD/DVD and film premieres, literary readings, lectures and discussions, artist signing events, brunches celebrating absinthe , and fetishistic events. Later in
1160-437: The evenings there are many late-night danceclubs every night, with top-name dark music DJs, at venues such as Darkflower and Moritzbastei , as well as a dance area within the main venue itself. Many fringe events with separate admission take place in Leipzig simultaneously with Wave-Gotik-Treffen . There is an electronic music festival at NonTox, a "Gothic Pogo" festival, free events like Victorian and steampunk picnics and
1200-684: The fashion of the movement cannot be narrowed down to one particular style, there are notable common aesthetic choices made by members of the scene. Body jewelry such as piercings and tattoos are just as common as clothing in the realm of self-expression in dark culture. Jewelry is mostly worn in silver and steel and often include animal symbols in the form of spiders, snakes and scorpions as well as religious and mythological symbols. Furthermore, alternate materials that are generally seen as more 'alternate' fashion choices are enjoyed by dark culture designers such as leather, mesh and velvet. Articles of clothing that are also seen as more androgynous are common within
1240-486: The influence from Victorian iconographies. The origin of the term 'dark culture' initially appeared in Berlin , its use slowly emerging in more magazines and reports, finally becoming a widely-used term in the 1990s. The term was used initially to target a specific group of magazine readers who shared similar interests in the dark scene, the magazine Zillo considered the most important media platform for dark culture and
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1280-416: The lowest common denominator in recognizing features of this movement. Black is a central part of communication within dark culture, symbolizing and representing a vast spectrum of elements this scene represents, within emotion, fashion, music, and general behavior. Among other things, it is a visual expression of feelings surrounding hopelessness, melancholy, darkness, and is moreover most significantly used as
1320-429: The movement to be relative to religious content. Throughout recent years, the attention to the topic of faith has been attributed to humanity's continuation in attaining the meaning behind the concept of being, which has been seen as especially prevalent within youth. This engagement with finding a higher power of meaning in life, specifically within religion, although not directly relative, has been considered by some to be
1360-433: The scene cannot be reduced to a certain appearance. A general similarity can only be determined in the dominance of the color black, the general appearance of dark culture usually corresponding to a mixed form of different stylistic elements. The colour black and the rise of consciousness surrounding aesthetics and visual self expression have been developed through the stylistic elements that dark culture represents. Although
1400-420: The scene, such as men's skirts and more masculine fits of clothing worn by females to challenge societal gender norms. Religion as an element of dark culture has been viewed by many in the scene as an abstract topic that is constantly critically questioned. The concept of death which stands as a main theme within dark culture, as well as the human emotion in dealing with mourning is considered by some members of
1440-468: The term dark culture has been used in scene media and the press since the 1990s, the misleading title Gothic, referring to a sub-flow of the scene, is wrongly used to describe elements specifically linked to dark culture. Since circa 2004, term 'Gothic' has been used by non-members of the dark scene to wrongly title members of dark culture, leading to much confusion and controversy regarding all sub-cultures and sub-flows of dark culture. The "Gothic subculture"
1480-408: The third day and had to be aborted. After all festival security guards, most bands and much of the technical staff had left, volunteer helpers and several bands who played for free staged a final concert. Contrary to police expectations, no rioting of any sort occurred. A major attraction of the Wave-Gotik-Treffen is the band performances. Generally, the number of musical acts is close to 200, spanning
1520-427: The use of gothic subculture as a term has sparked controversy within dark culture, most notable in the music press industry and international use of the term, such misuse rooted in confusion and lack of knowledge of the subcultures and their differentiating elements. Throughout history, highly significant events have evolved in the celebration and acknowledgement of movements surrounding dark culture. A significant event
1560-402: Was at the forefront of anchoring the term 'dark culture' into modern language. Mostly used as a generic term for all sub-scenes and trends in the black scene, nowadays the term is preferred by a large number of scene followers. By 2010, it can be said that the term had properly established itself, particularly in sociology and youth culture research. Due to its emergence in Germany , an assessment
1600-423: Was done to conduct the size of German dark culture in 2004, resulting in an estimation of around 50,000 to 100,000 members of people, this number later re-confirmed in 2010. This number has since grown and spreads internationally by the day, members of dark culture forming in many countries around the world. The broad spectrum of dark culture has many elements that comprise the movement's general description. Music,
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