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29-749: (Redirected from Washo ) Washoe or Washo may refer to: Washoe people , an indigenous people of the Great Basin in North America Places [ edit ] United States Washoe County, Nevada Washoe Creek , Sonoma County, California Washoe Lake , lake in Nevada Washoe Valley, Nevada , census-designated place Washoe Valley (Nevada) New Washoe City, Nevada Culture [ edit ] Washo language Washoe Tribe of Nevada and California ,

58-539: A Great Basin tribe of Native Americans , living near Lake Tahoe at the border between California and Nevada . The name "Washoe" or "Washo" (as preferred by themselves) is derived from the autonym Waashiw ( wa·šiw or wá:šiw ) in the Washo language or from Wašišiw ( waší:šiw ), the plural form of wašiw. Washoe people have lived in the Great Basin and the eastern Sierra Nevada mountains for at least

87-519: A language isolate , However, it is sometimes tentatively regarded as part of the controversial Hokan language family . The language is written in the Latin script . The Wašiw language is now considered a moribund language as only a handful of fluent elder speakers use the language. There has been a recent revival of the language and culture within the Tribe. "Wašiw Wagayay Maŋal" (the "house where Wašiw

116-580: A federally recognized tribe of Washoe people Other [ edit ] Washoe County School District , in Washoe County, Nevada Washoe (chimpanzee) , a chimpanzee that received training in American Sign Language Washoe (steamboat) See also [ edit ] Washoe County (disambiguation) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with

145-568: A lake water level of 1,332 m (4,370 ft) a level of approximately 115 m (377 ft) higher than the 1984 level of Honey Lake. The connection to Lake Lahontan was through Astor Pass north of the Virginia Mountains into Pyramid Lake and through Sand Pass into the Smoke Creek Desert portion of Lake Lahontan to the northeast. Both passes are at approximately 1,224 m (4,016 ft) elevation. Toward

174-480: A special series of text-only season-long waterfowl hunting permit stamps for the area, starting with the 1956–57 season and ending with the 1985–86 season. Day permits were also sold, but these were in card form. The stamps are listed in several catalogs for U.S. fish & game stamps, including the Scott Specialized Catalog of United States Stamps & Covers . Honey Lake Wildlife Area (HLWA)

203-586: Is part of the Honey– Eagle Lakes watershed of 2,770 sq mi (7,200 km ) which includes the Honey Lake Basin of 2,201 sq mi (5,700 km ). The lake received its name from the honeydew produced by the abundant aphids inhabiting the area. During the Pleistocene , Honey Lake and the entire Honey Lake Valley were part of Lake Lahontan in western Nevada , with

232-457: Is spoken") was the first attempt by the Wašiw people to renew their language for the future generations. The tribe currently relies on the tribal Cultural Resource Department to provide language classes to the community. However, there has recently been a pedagogical shift within the tribe, and the youth have become the focal point of language and culture programs. The Washoe people are considered to be

261-631: The Middle Fork Feather River ) to the north. The Washoe would generally spend the summer in the Sierra Nevada, especially at Lake Tahoe; the fall in the ranges to the east; and the winter and spring in the valleys between them. Washoe Lake ( c'óʔyaʔ dáʔaw ) was named after them. The Washoe/Washo were loosely organized into three (in some sources four) regional groups speaking slightly different dialects , which in turn were divided in groups (cooperating extending families for

290-593: The Sierra Army Depot was installed directly east of the Lake. The Honey Lake Wildlife Area (HLWA) is a California Department of Fish and Game protected area wetland of 7667 acres at the mouth of the Susan River on the north shore of Honey Lake which has numerous bird species . Mammals such as deer and pronghorn and a modest amount of warm water fish are taken at Honey Lake. The state issued

319-802: The Washoe Tribe of Nevada and California over the land around the Lake Tahoe area for cultural purposes. Under the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934, the colonies in the Carson Valley area of Nevada and California gained federal recognition as the Washoe Tribe of Nevada and California. The colony in Reno, Nevada , which also has a substantial Paiute, Washoe and Shoshoni population, gained separate recognition as

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348-492: The Reno–Sparks Indian Colony. There is evidence that some Washoe settled in the southwest region of Montana . The Susanville Rancheria includes Washoe members, as well as Northern Paiute , Northeastern Maidu , Achomawi , and Atsugewi members. Honey Lake Honey Lake recreational activities include bird watching , picnicking , hiking , camping , warm-water fishing , and waterfowl hunting . The lake

377-746: The area, destroying another important resource for the Wašiw. The Pine Nut Dance and girls' puberty rites remain very important ceremonies. The Wašiw people once relied on medicine men and their knowledge of medicinal plants and ceremonies. Much of this knowledge and activity has been lost due to contact with the Western world. Washoe culture was based mostly on the legends that carried the explanation of different areas of life. The legends were handed over from one generation to another by storytelling and were told to younger generations to teach them basic things about Washoe's way of living. Children could get to know about gathering techniques, medicine preparation, and

406-643: The early 19th century, but the Washoe did not sustain contact with people of European culture until the 1848 California Gold Rush . Washoe resistance to incursions on their lands proved futile, and the last armed conflict with the Washoes and non-Indians was the Potato War of 1857, when starving Washoes were killed for gathering potatoes from a European-American farm near Honey Lake in California . Loss of

435-663: The end of the Civil War , the California Volunteer Cavalry used the route from Camp Bidwell ( Chico, California ) through the Honey Lake and Surprise Valley areas as a line of protection for silver mine output in the Owyhee district of Idaho . Honey Lake was used as a bombing test range before World War II and for ordnance demolition and testing through the war and into the mid-1950s. In 1942

464-422: The family had his own role in everyday activities like fishing, gathering or hunting which helped Washoe people with doing everyday life tasks more efficiently. The area of residence of Washoe people let them obtain food from three different ways: fishing, gathering, and hunting. Since each way required having special skills and knowledge people were usually trained in one field to reduce the possibility of failing

493-408: The food could have been performed. The winter period was the time of starvation as the stocks of food run out quickly and almost no food could have been obtained over the coldest months of the year. However, Washoe people learned how to survive the hardest time of the year by learning how to use the resources the land had given them. They knew they needed to keep the balance as each way of obtaining food

522-467: The food eaten during the rest of the year. The Washoe people were also deeply knowledgeable about their land and where resources were plentiful. This included an understanding of the seasonal cycles of both plants and animals. Wašiw people were also dependent on fishing at Lake Tahoe and the surrounding streams. Fishing was a huge part of Wašiw life; and each family had its own fishing grounds, until contact with Western civilization led to commercial fishing in

551-551: The indigenous inhabitants of Lake Tahoe area, occupying the lake and surround lands for thousands of years. As the native inhabitants, they believe that they have the best knowledge of how the land should be maintained, and consider themselves to be the proper caretakers of the Lake Tahoe area, which has been a center Washoe tribes yearly cultural gatherings, where most traditional events took place. In 2002, The Committee on Energy and Natural Resources officially granted custody to

580-496: The last 6,000 years, some say up to 9,000 years or more. Prior to contact with Europeans, the territory of the Washoe people centered around Lake Tahoe ( / ˈ t ɑː h oʊ / ; Washo : dáʔaw / daʔaw / Da ow – "the lake"; or dewʔá:gaʔa /dawʔa:gaʔa / Da ow aga – "edge of the lake") and was roughly bounded by the southern shore of Honey Lake in the north, the West Walker River , Topaz Lake , and Sonora Pass in

609-419: The legends were meant to teach them how to appreciate the land they were living in and give them a better understanding of Washoe's lifestyle. Children were raised in the environment which recognized family as the most valued thing. The whole Washoe life was concentrated on cooperation and unity, and older tribe members needed to convey their knowledge to the younger so the tribe culture would survive. Everyone in

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638-467: The region prior to neighboring tribes. The Kings Beach Complex that emerged about 500 CE around Lake Tahoe and the northern Sierra Nevada are regarded as early Washoe culture. The Martis complex may have overlapped with the Kings Beach culture, and Martis pit houses gave way to conical bark slab houses of historic Washoe culture. Washoe people may have made contact with Spanish explorers in

667-494: The seasonal hunt and living together in winter camps) and in nuclear families. The regional group was determined by where people had a winter camp: Since the western part of the Washo territory was in the mountains and subject to heavy snows, few people wintered there so very few were organized into the western group. Washoe people are the only Great Basin tribe whose language is not Numic , so they are believed to have inhabited

696-645: The south, the Sierra Nevada crest in the west, and the Pine Nut Mountains and Virginia Range in the east. Beside Lake Tahoe the Washoe utilized the upper ranges of the Carson ( dá:bal k'iláʔam ), Truckee ( dabayóduweʔ ), and West Walker rivers to the east as well the Sierra Valley (a site of extensive freshwater marshes filled with cattails, bulrushes and alkaline flats that drain into

725-406: The tasks they were responsible for. Therefore, the Washoe tribe's life was dependent on the actual environment possibilities. Also, scarcity of sources would not let the tribe perform every way at once, therefore the Washoe lifestyle was divided into three periods: "the fishing year", "the gathering year" and "the hunting year". Fall was the richest in food season of the year as all ways of obtaining

754-551: The title Washoe . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Washoe&oldid=1191218611 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Washoe people The Washoe or Wašišiw ("people from here", or transliterated in older literature as Wa She Shu ) are

783-410: The valley hunting grounds to farms and the piñon pine groves to feed Virginia City 's demand for lumber and charcoal drove most Washoe to dependency on jobs on white ranches and farms and in cities. The areas where they settled became known as Indian colonies . Piñon pine nuts gathered in the fall provided much of the food eaten in the winter. Roots, seeds, berries and game provided much of

812-414: Was equally crucial for these people to survive. Anthropologist Ernestine Friedl has noted that men and women's cooperation in gathering food lead to "no individual distributions of food and relatively little difference in male and female rights," contributing to gender equality amongst the pre-colonial Washoe. The Washoe / Wašiw language or Wá:šiw ʔítlu (today: Wašiw Wagayay ) has been regarded as

841-450: Was originally acquired to provide nesting and brood-rearing habitat for resident waterfowl, which is still a very important activity. Since its beginning, the wildlife area has expanded, and during peak migrations , as many as 30,000 snow and Canada geese and 20,000 ducks have been observed daily. During the winter, several bald eagles can be observed at the HLWA, and during the spring,

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