59-652: Wycombe Marsh is an area of High Wycombe , Buckinghamshire , England. It lies on the River Wye and the A40 road , approximately 1.5 miles (2.4 km) south-east of High Wycombe town centre, and approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) north-west of Loudwater . Wycombe Marsh is in the Ryemead ward of High Wycombe, which had a population of 7,188 at the 2011 census . Wycombe Marsh is home to Wycombe Retail Park. There are multiple residential areas, including Wye Dene Estate. The area
118-688: A secondary modern school . Catchment area primary schools in High Wycombe Buckinghamshire College Group is a further education college located near High Wycombe at Flackwell Heath , with campuses also at Aylesbury and Amersham . High Wycombe is home to the main campus of Buckinghamshire New University . It is located in the centre of the town on the former site of the High Wycombe College of Art and Technology. It received its university charter in summer 2007. High Wycombe has been featured in
177-545: A bathhouse were unearthed at the site on what is now the Rye parkland. The name Wycombe would appear to come from the river Wye and the old English word for a wooded valley, " combe ", but according to the Oxford English Dictionary of Place-Names the name, which was first recorded in 799–802 as "Wichama", is more likely to be Old English "wic" and the plural of Old English "ham", and probably means "dwellings";
236-514: A clerk at Worcester . During this time, his superiors, noting his reputation for dedication and chastity, urged him to join the priesthood. In 1034 Wulfstan served as incumbent at St Mary's Church in Hawkesbury, Gloucestershire. It was here that he experienced an incident which changed his life. Whilst at his devotions he was distracted by the smell of a goose cooking in the kitchen nearby. Mortified, he resolved never to touch meat again and became
295-673: A local board. The situation was partially simplified in 1880 when the local board was abolished and the borough boundaries were extended to cover the more built-up parts of Chepping Wycombe parish. The parish boundaries were not changed at the same time to match, making the Chepping Wycombe Borough Council responsible for all of the Wycombe parish area and part of the Chepping Wycombe parish area. When parish and district councils were established under
354-511: A market hall being built later in 1476. The 1841 census reports the population that year was 3,184. High Wycombe remained a mill town through Medieval and Tudor times, manufacturing lace and linen cloth. It was also a stopping point on the way from Oxford to London, with many travellers staying in the town's taverns and inns. The paper industry was notable in 17th and 18th century High Wycombe. The Wye's waters were rich in chalk , and therefore ideal for bleaching pulp. The paper industry
413-499: A number of the manors of the diocese. Wulfstan was consecrated Bishop of Worcester on 8 September 1062, by Ealdred. It would have been more proper for him to have been consecrated by the Archbishop of Canterbury , whose province Worcester was in. Wulfstan had deliberately avoided consecration by the current archbishop of Canterbury, Stigand , since Stigand's own consecration had been uncanonical . Wulfstan still acknowledged that
472-407: A population of 133,204. This is an increase of 13% since the 2001 population of 118,229. Notes: According to the 2011 census , the parliamentary constituency of Wycombe consists of approximately 108,000 people. White British people comprised 67.2% of the constituency's population. The next largest group in the constituency were Pakistanis , who comprised 11.8% of the population. 52.3% of
531-505: A vegetarian. Wulfstan was ordained shortly thereafter, in 1038, and soon joined a monastery of Benedictines at Worcester. Wulfstan served as treasurer and prior of Worcester, and from 1034 onwards served as the parish priest of Hawkesbury , Gloucestershire . When Ealdred , the bishop of Worcester as well as the Archbishop of York , was required to relinquish Worcester by Pope Nicholas , Ealdred decided to have Wulfstan appointed to Worcester. In addition, Ealdred continued to hold
590-585: Is a market town in Buckinghamshire , England. Lying in the valley of the River Wye surrounded by the Chiltern Hills , it is 29 miles (47 km) west-northwest of Charing Cross in London , 13 miles (21 km) south-southeast of Aylesbury , 23 miles (37 km) southeast of Oxford , 15 miles (24 km) northeast of Reading and 8 miles (13 km) north of Maidenhead . According to
649-524: Is served by Marsh Infant School and Nursery and three small churches. Wycombe Marsh also lies on the abandoned section of the Wycombe Railway between High Wycombe and Bourne End , that opened in 1854 and closed in 1970. Trackbed can still be found in the area. Wycombe's location as a well-watered valley protected by higher ground, meant that it was favourable to prehistoric settlements, of which traces have been found at Wycombe Marsh dating from
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#1732772605376708-551: Is the town local newspaper. The town's nearest motorway is the M40 , which has two junctions serving Wycombe: junction 3 for Loudwater and High Wycombe (east) and junction 4 at Handy Cross roundabout for central Wycombe, Marlow and Maidenhead . Junction 4 is a major interchange between the M40 and A404 trunk road which provides a link to the M4. It had suffered from heavy congestion but
767-524: Is thought to be because one of the raided houses contained dangerous liquid chemicals. A three miles (five kilometres) no-flight zone over the town was ordered. Other raids and arrests were also made in East London and Birmingham . King's Wood to the north of the town was cordoned off for four months to be searched by police, and many suspicious items were allegedly found including explosives , detonators, weapons and hate tapes. Other woodlands in
826-406: The 2021 United Kingdom census , High Wycombe's built up area has a population of 127,856, making it the largest town in the ceremonial county of Buckinghamshire. The High Wycombe Urban Area , the conurbation of which the town is the largest component, has a population of 140,684. Part of the urban area constitutes the civil parish of Chepping Wycombe , which had a population of 14,455 according to
885-498: The Booker area of the town and the M40 at High Wycombe as well as nearby woods were also under observation. Explosives officers were called to the motorway, as were forensic officers. A lane of the motorway was closed as a precaution. On 21 December 2009, heavy snowfall hit the town, paralysing its road network (which is mainly on steep hills), and causing major disruption to refuse services for several weeks. Staff and customers of
944-715: The Local Government Act 1894 , it was stipulated that parishes could not straddle district boundaries. The Chepping Wycombe parish was therefore split again in December 1894, with the part within the borough becoming "Chepping Wycombe Urban" and the part outside it becoming "Chepping Wycombe Rural". Chepping Wycombe Rural was placed in the Wycombe Rural District , whilst the Chepping Wycombe Municipal Borough covered
1003-557: The 2001 census – this parish represents that part of the ancient parish of Chepping Wycombe which was outside the former municipal borough of Wycombe. There has been a market held in the High Street since at least the Middle Ages . The market is currently held on Tuesday, Friday and Saturday. The town once featured a Roman villa (built 150–170 AD) which has been excavated four times, most recently in 2002. Mosaics and
1062-692: The 26th dirtiest in the whole UK . The survey found litter on 28.5% of streets and highways. Data for the survey were taken from the Government's 2005/06 Audit Commission . The town has undergone major redevelopment, including development of the town's existing shopping centre, completion of the Eden Shopping centre , and redevelopment of the Buckinghamshire New University with a large student village and new building on Queen Alexandra Road. These developments prompted
1121-621: The Bronze Age. In previous centuries, Wycombe Marsh was home to mills and was engaged in the manufacture of paper. In the 21st century, Wycombe Marsh has undergone major redevelopment. Brownfield land such as Thames Water 's redundant sewage treatment works has been converted into a retail park, and more recently, a housing development. This Buckinghamshire location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . High Wycombe High Wycombe , often referred to as Wycombe ( / ˈ w ɪ k əm / WIK -əm ),
1180-471: The Chilterns' in the 1980s) along with many new multi-storey car parks , office blocks, flyovers and roundabouts . High Wycombe comprises a number of suburbs including Booker , Bowerdean, Castlefield, Cressex, Daws Hill, Green Street, Holmers Farm, Micklefield, Sands, Terriers, Totteridge, Downley and Wycombe Marsh , as well as some nearby villages: Hazlemere and Tylers Green . Particular areas in
1239-694: The John Lewis department store were stranded overnight, leading to national news reports and interviews from GMTV and other radio stations on the morning of 22 December. Television signals are received from the Crystal Palace and local relay transmitters, placing High Wycombe in the BBC London and ITV London areas. Local radio stations are BBC Three Counties Radio on 98.0 FM and community radio stations such as Awaaz Radio on 107.4 FM and Wycombe Sound on 106.6 FM. The Bucks Free Press
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#17327726053761298-651: The Labour Party was voted in during the May 2024 general election. High Wycombe has been home to two Prime Ministers : High Wycombe was also in the constituency represented by John Hampden (1594-1643), a leading MP and Parliamentarian commander who was killed in action during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms . The town is represented by Labour MP Emma Reynolds. The town until the 4th July 2024 General Election
1357-584: The Worcester, Hereford and Gloucester areas. He famously wept upon the destruction of the old Worcester Cathedral to make way for the new Romanesque building, decrying the loss of a building in which "so many holy and devout men have served God". After the Norman Conquest, he claimed that the Oswaldslow , a " triple hundred " administered by the bishops of Worcester, was free of interference by
1416-855: The bishop, noted that pastoral care of his diocese was Wulfstan's principal interest. In 1072 Wulfstan signed the Accord of Winchester . In 1075, Wulfstan and the Worcestershire fyrd militia countered the Revolt of the Earls , when various magnates attempted a rebellion against William the Conqueror . Wulfstan founded the Great Malvern Priory , and undertook much large-scale rebuilding work, including Worcester Cathedral , Hereford Cathedral , Tewkesbury Abbey , and many other churches in
1475-545: The borough council met at the Guildhall . The council built Town Hall on Queen Victoria Road in 1904 as a public assembly hall and entertainment venue, with the intention of later extending it to also serve as council offices and meeting place, but the extension was never built. Instead, the council built the Municipal Offices on Queen Victoria Road in 1932, which then acted as its meeting place and offices until
1534-528: The broken chains of slavery, the goose, many vegetables and the bishop's crosier and mitre. In 2021, St. Mary's Church installed a ring of eight bells in their tower. The largest bell, weighing 600 kg, is named in honour of Wulfstan. Wulfstan is remembered in the Church of England with a lesser festival , and on the Episcopal Church calendar on 19 January. In 2023, a pastoral area of
1593-622: The building of larger blocks of flats, a multimillion-pound hotel in the centre, and a Sainsbury's store on the Oxford road next to the Eden shopping centre and bus station . High Wycombe's population figure differs with the varying definitions of the town's area. That of the town not including its suburbs was 77,178. However, Hazlemere is now regarded as part of Wycombe, which makes the population of High Wycombe town 92,300. The High Wycombe urban area (the town with some surrounding settlements) had
1652-402: The council's abolition in 1974. From 1974 to 2020, High Wycombe formed part of Wycombe District , with its council being based at the former borough council's Municipal Offices (renamed District Council Offices) on Queen Victoria Road. Following further local government reorganisation in 2020 Wycombe District was abolished to become part of Buckinghamshire Council . A ceremony carried out in
1711-509: The country under the Municipal Corporations Act 1835 , the town became a municipal borough on 1 January 1836, under the name of Chepping Wycombe. The borough only covered the built-up area of the town, rather than the whole parish. The borough council was therefore responsible for the secular elements of local government within its area, whereas the Chepping Wycombe parish vestry was responsible for secular matters in
1770-555: The houses were condemned as unfit for human habitation. However, some areas such as St. Mary's Street contained beautiful old buildings with fine examples of 18th and 19th century architecture. From 1940 to 1968 High Wycombe was the seat of the RAF Bomber Command . Moreover, during the Second World War , from May 1942 to July 1945, the U.S. Army Air Force 's 8th Air Force Bomber Command, codenamed "Pinetree",
1829-544: The local sheriff . This right to exclude the sheriff was recorded in the Domesday Book in 1086. Wulfstan also administered the diocese of Lichfield when it was vacant between 1071 and 1072. As bishop, he often assisted the archbishops of York with consecrations , as they had few suffragan bishops. In 1073 Wulfstan helped Thomas of Bayeux consecrate Radulf as Bishop of Orkney , and in 1081 helped consecrate William de St-Calais as Bishop of Durham . Wulfstan
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1888-415: The mayor has not gained weight or "And some more!" if they have. Their actual weight is not declared. Buckinghamshire is one of the few counties that still has a selective educational system based on the former tripartite system . Pupils in their last year at primary school take what is commonly known as the 11+ exam . Their score in this exam determines whether they are accepted into a grammar school or
1947-545: The middle of a busy dance floor at a town centre venue. The town appeared in national and international media after anti-terrorism raids were carried out across the town on 10 August 2006 as part of the 2006 transatlantic aircraft plot . Five arrests were made at three different houses in the town's Totteridge and Micklefield areas. A small number of houses in High Wycombe were evacuated in Walton Drive, which
2006-492: The name " Chepping Wycombe " which covered the rural parts of the old parish outside the borough. By that time, the urban area was starting to expand beyond the old borough boundaries into the newly separated parish of Chepping Wycombe, particularly in the Wycombe Marsh area. To deal with growing urbanisation in its area, the parish of Chepping Wycombe was declared to be a local government district in 1868, governed by
2065-484: The name of the river was a late back-formation. Wycombe appears in the Domesday Book of 1086 and was noted for having six mills. The existence of a settlement at High Wycombe was first documented as 'Wicumun' in 970. The parish church was consecrated by Wulfstan, the visiting Bishop of Worcester , in 1086. The town was described as a borough from at least the 1180s, and built its first moot hall in 1226, with
2124-456: The national media in recent years for a number of different reasons, including seasonal coverage of the local library's refusal to display a Christmas carol service poster and other stories such as the triple shooting of three young Asian men, a small-scale riot between feuding families and gangs in which knives, metal poles, and an axe were used whilst a gunman sprayed bullets; and the shooting and murder of Natasha Derby at point-blank range in
2183-427: The neighbouring parish of West Wycombe , the parish was historically known variously as East Wycombe, Great Wycombe, High Wycombe, Much Wiccomb, Chipping, Chipping Wycombe, or Chepping Wycombe. The latter version eventually became the official name of parish, despite the town itself being more usually known as High Wycombe. The town does not appear to have been a borough at the time of the Domesday Book in 1086, but
2242-475: The part of the parish outside the borough, whilst being responsible for ecclesiastical matters across the whole parish, including the borough. In 1866, under the Poor Law Amendment Act 1866 , the old parish of Chepping Wycombe was split into two civil parishes: one called "Wycombe" or "Wycombe Borough" which covered the area of Chepping Wycombe municipal borough, and another parish which retained
2301-595: The population were Christians , 24% were no religion and 13.4% were Muslim . Wycombe is home to the largest population of Vincentians in the United Kingdom. 65.7% of the constituency owned their own home either outright or with a mortgage. 14.6% were social renters and 17% were private renters. 15.8% of households in the constituency did not own an automobile. Wycombe's political history extends back to 1295. The Wycombe Constituency had continuously elected Conservative Members of Parliament since 1951 until
2360-407: The see of Worcester was a suffragan of Canterbury. He made no profession of obedience to Ealdred, instead offering a profession of obedience to Stigand's successor Lanfranc . Wulfstan was a confidant of Harold Godwinson , who helped secure the bishopric for him. A social reformer, Wulfstan struggled to bridge the gap between the old and new regimes, and to alleviate the suffering of the poor. He
2419-461: The suburbs of Castlefield, Micklefield, Terriers and Totteridge have high levels of deprivation compared to the rest of the urban area. Although situated in the county of Buckinghamshire , which is one of the most affluent parts of the country, Wycombe contains some considerably deprived areas. In 2007, a GMB Union survey ranked the Wycombe district as the 4th dirtiest in the South East and
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2478-451: The town in 1877, the council organised an arch of chairs to be erected over the High Street, with the words "Long live the Queen" printed boldly across the arch for the Queen to pass under. Wycombe Museum includes many examples of locally made chairs and information on the local furniture and lace industries. The town's population grew from 13,000 residents in 1881 to 29,000 in 1928. Wycombe
2537-945: The town include Red Eagle, Red Rose and Z&S Buses. The town also has a Park and Ride facility located in Cressex, near junction 4 of the M40. Services run to the town centre, passing the railway station , High Wycombe Coachway which is served by coach services such as: the Airline, Harlequin Travel, Countryside Coaches and Apple Travel which go to places like Maidenhead , Oxford , Heathrow Airport , Gatwick Airport and Farnham . As of January 2022, no National Express coaches have entered High Wycombe Town centre. The Airline, operated by Oxford Bus Company , operates coach services from Oxford to Heathrow and Gatwick airports via Handy Cross Hub. Wulfstan, Bishop of Worcester Wulfstan ( c. 1008 – 20 January 1095)
2596-432: The town since 1678 involves the weighing of the mayor . At the beginning and end of each year of service, the mayor is weighed in full view of the public to see whether or not he or she has gained weight, presumably at the taxpayers' expense. The custom, which has survived to the present day, employs the same weighing apparatus used since the 19th century. When the result is known, the town crier announces "And no more!" if
2655-491: The two parishes of Wycombe and Chepping Wycombe Urban. The two parishes within the borough merged on 30 September 1896 to form a single parish called High Wycombe, although the official name of the borough council which governed that parish remained "Chepping Wycombe Borough Council" until 1 August 1946, when it changed its name to "High Wycombe Borough Council". The surrounding Chepping Wycombe Rural parish changed its name to Chepping Wycombe parish in 1949. From 1757 until 1932
2714-450: The unitary authority of Buckinghamshire Council . The former High Wycombe Borough Council was abolished in 1974. Instead of a town council, the councillors elected to Buckinghamshire Council to represent the unparished part of High Wycombe also act as charter trustees , meeting to choose the town's mayor . The ancient parish of Chepping Wycombe covered both the town of High Wycombe and a large rural area around it. To distinguish it from
2773-565: Was a strong opponent of the slave trade , and together with Lanfranc, was mainly responsible for ending the trade from Bristol . After the Norman conquest of England , Wulfstan was the only English-born bishop to retain his diocese for any significant time after the Conquest (all others had been replaced or succeeded by Normans by 1075). William of Malmesbury , whose early 12th century work Vita Wulfstani provides much of our knowledge of
2832-543: Was an English Benedictine monk who served as Bishop of Worcester from 1062 to 1095. He was the last surviving pre- Conquest bishop. Wulfstan is a saint in the Western Christian churches. His denomination as Wulfstan II is to indicate that he is the second Bishop Wulfstan of Worcester . This, however, does not prevent confusion, since the first Bishop Wulfstan – his maternal uncle – is also called Wulfstan II to denote that he
2891-462: Was based at a former girls' school at High Wycombe. This formally became Headquarters, 8th Air Force, on 22 February 1944. In the 1960s the town centre was redeveloped and many old buildings were demolished. The River Wye was culverted under concrete between 1965 and 1967 from and demolishing most of the old buildings in Wycombe's town centre. Two shopping centres were built (the Octagon in 1970 and
2950-434: Was being described as a borough by the 1180s. In the 1220s and 1230s there were disputes with the lord of the manor , Alan Basset, as to the extent of the town's independence. These disputes were settled in favour of the town, with its borough rights being confirmed in 1237. Charters confirming the town's borough status were subsequently issued on a number of occasions. As part of the general overhaul of ancient boroughs across
3009-443: Was completely dominated socially and economically by the furniture industry. By the 1920s, many of the housing areas of Wycombe had decayed into slums. A slum clearance scheme was initiated by the council in 1932, whereby many areas were completely demolished and the residents rehoused in new estates that sprawled above the town on the valley slopes. Some of the districts demolished were truly decrepit, such as Newland, where most of
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#17327726053763068-547: Was dedicated to him in Great Malvern Priory, next to those of Thomas Cantilupe and King Edward the Confessor . At Easter of 1158, Henry II and his wife Eleanor of Aquitaine visited Worcester Cathedral and placed their crowns on the shrine of Wulfstan, vowing not to wear them again. Their son King John is buried at Worcester Cathedral. Soon after Wulfstan's death, a hagiography , or saint's life,
3127-939: Was improved by the Highways Agency in 2006. Junction 3 is restricted; only traffic going towards and coming from London can join and exit respectively. The M25 and M4 are also fairly close. Other roads include the A404 towards Marlow and Amersham ; the A4010 towards Aylesbury ; and the A40 towards Beaconsfield and Oxford . High Wycombe Eden bus station is served by Redline Buses and Carousel Buses . Major destinations include Reading , Slough , Aylesbury , Heathrow Airport , Maidenhead , Amersham , Chesham , Uxbridge , Beaconsfield Gerrards Cross and Hemel Hempstead . In November 2013, First Berkshire & The Thames Valley added express route X9 to Maidenhead to its existing X74 express to Slough. Other operators serving
3186-612: Was named St. Wolstan's Priory in his honour. In 2008, the millennial anniversary of Wulfstan's birth, the Friends of the Church of St Mary the Virgin, Hawkesbury, where Wulfstan served from 1034, commissioned a stained glass window to his memory. The commission was carried out by a local artist, Caroline Pederick and it was dedicated in 2011 by Bishop Michael Pelham of Gloucester. In three roundels, it depicts features from Wulfstan's life;
3245-662: Was represented by Conservative MP Steve Baker . He was chairman of the eurosceptic European Research Group and was a junior minister in the Department for Exiting the European Union from 2017 to 2018. In July 2018, Baker resigned alongside Brexit Secretary David Davis and Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson in opposition to the Chequers plan proposed by Prime Minister Theresa May . Since 2020, there has only been one tier of local government covering High Wycombe, being
3304-454: Was responsible for the compilation by Hemming of the second cartulary of Worcester. He was close friends with Robert Losinga , the Bishop of Hereford , who was well known as a mathematician and astronomer. Wulfstan, the last surviving pre-Conquest bishop, died 20 January 1095 after a protracted illness, whilst washing the feet of parishioners as was his custom. After his death, an altar
3363-446: Was soon overtaken by the cloth industry. Wycombe's most famous industry, furniture (particularly Windsor chairs ) took hold in the 19th century, with furniture factories setting up all over the town. Many terraced workers' houses were built to the east and west of town to accommodate those working in the furniture factories. In 1875, it was estimated that there were 4,700 chairs made per day in High Wycombe. When Queen Victoria visited
3422-533: Was the second Archbishop of York called Wulfstan. Wulfstan was born about 1008 at Long Itchington in the English county of Warwickshire . His family lost their lands around the time King Cnut of England came to the throne in 1016. He was probably named after his uncle, Wulfstan II, Archbishop of York . Through his uncle's influence, he studied at monasteries in Evesham and Peterborough , before becoming
3481-586: Was written about him in English by his former chancellor Colman. It was translated into Latin by the medieval chronicler and historian William of Malmesbury . Wulfstan was canonized on 14 May 1203 by Pope Innocent III . He became the Patron Saint of Peasants and Vegetarians. One of the miracles attributed to Wulfstan was the curing of King Harold 's daughter. The recently founded Victorine priory in Celbridge , Ireland (paid for by Adam de Hereford )
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