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18-1605: The territory of the TASSR was a part of Kazan , Simbirsk , and Ufa Governorates (or gubernias ) of the Imperial Russia before the October Revolution of 1917. 1918–24   Turkestan 1918–41   Volga German 1919–90   Bashkir 1920–25   Kirghiz 1920–90   Tatar 1921–91   Adjarian 1921–45   Crimean 1921–91   Dagestan 1921–24   Mountain 1921–90   Nakhichevan 1922–91   Yakut 1923–90   Buryat 1923–40   Karelian 1924–40   Moldavian 1924–29   Tajik 1925–92   Chuvash 1925–36   Kazakh 1926–36   Kirghiz 1931–92   Abkhaz 1932–92   Karakalpak 1934–90   Mordovian 1934–90   Udmurt 1935–43   Kalmyk 1936–44   Checheno-Ingush 1936–44   Kabardino-Balkarian 1936–90   Komi 1936–90   Mari 1936–90   North Ossetian 1944–57   Kabardin 1956–91   Karelian 1957–92   Checheno-Ingush 1957–91   Kabardino-Balkarian 1958–90   Kalmyk 1961–92   Tuvan 1990–91   Gorno-Altai 1991–92   Crimean This Russian history –related article

36-452: A governor of an oblast or a krai . The Russian Empire had nine governorates in modern-day Ukrainian territories: Chernigov , Kharkov , Kherson , Kiev , Podolia , Poltava , Volhynia , Yekaterinoslav , and Taurida . Additional lands annexed from Poland in 1815 were organized into the Kholm governorate in 1912. After the events of 1917, which led to the declaration of independence of

54-525: A word borrowed from Latin gubernator , in turn from Greek kyvernítis ( Greek : κυβερνήτης ). Selected governorates were united under an assigned governor-general such as the Grand Duchy of Finland , Congress Poland , Russian Turkestan and others. There were also military governors such as Kronstadt , Vladivostok and others. Aside from governorates, other types of divisions were oblasts (region) and okrugs (district). This subdivision type

72-522: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This Soviet Union –related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . 55°26′N 51°09′E  /  55.433°N 51.150°E  / 55.433; 51.150 Kazan Governorate Kazan Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit ( guberniya ) of the Tsardom of Russia , the Russian Empire , and

90-687: The Russian SFSR from 1708 to 1920, with its capital in Kazan . Kazan Governorate, together with seven other governorates, was established on December 29 [ O.S. December 18], 1708, by Tsar Peter the Great 's edict on the lands of the Khanates of Kazan , Sibir , and Astrakhan , with addition of some lands from the Nogai Horde . These were the areas historically governed by

108-860: The Ukrainian People's Republic , these governorates became subdivisions, which also annexed Ukrainian-inhabited parts of Mogilev , Kursk , Voronezh and Minsk governorates in 1918. By the end of the Soviet–Ukrainian War in 1920, the Bolsheviks had made them part of the Ukrainian SSR . Soviet Ukraine was reorganized into 12 governorates, which were reduced to nine in 1922 upon the Soviet Union 's founding, and then replaced with okruhas in 1925. The West Ukrainian People's Republic in former Austro-Hungarian Empire territory

126-520: The Great (1781–1796) Kazan was the center of a namestnichestvo ( viceroyalty ), with Kazan, Penza , and Saratov Governorates as its integral parts. At first the governorate was divided into lots ( доли , doli ), then into provinces ( провинции , provintsii ) in 1719, and into uyezds ( уезды ) in 1775. Prior to 1796, there were Kazan, Kozmodemyansk , Laishev , Mamadysh , Sviyazhsk , Spassk , Tetyushi , Tsaryovokokshaysk , Tsivilsk , Cheboksary , Chistopol , and Yadrin uyezds. In 1913,

144-509: The Kazan Palace's Prikaz . As with the rest of the governorates, neither the borders nor internal subdivisions of Kazan Governorate were defined; instead, the territory was defined as a set of cities and the lands adjacent to those cities. In 1717, Astrakhan Governorate was separated from Kazan Governorate; in 1719— Nizhny Novgorod ; in 1744— Orenburg ; in 1781— Vyatka , Simbirsk , and Ufa Governorates were separated. Under Catherine

162-710: The Soviet Union into particular territorial units was subject to numerous changes, especially during the 1918–1929 period. Because of the Soviet Union's electrification program under the GOELRO plan , Ivan Alexandrov directed the Regionalisation Commission of Gosplan to divide the Soviet union into thirteen European and eight Asiatic oblasts , using rational economic planning rather than "the vestiges of lost sovereign rights". Eventually, in 1929,

180-488: The area of the governorate comprised 55,900 square versts , its population was estimated at 2.85 million (38.9% Russians , 31.2% Tatars , 22.8% Chuvash , 5.1% Mari , 1.2% Mordva ). There were 7,272 settlements, including 13 towns: Kazan, Arsk , Sviyazhsk , Kozmodemyansk, Laishev , Mamadysh , Spassk , Tetyushi , Tsaryovokokshaysk , Tsivilsk , Cheboksary , Chistopol , Yadrin ; and two posads : Mariinsky Posad and Troitsky Posad . The governorate

198-403: The subdivision was replaced by the notions of oblast, okrug , and raion . Oblast as a unit was used even before the revolution, although unlike governorates it designated remote areas that usually incorporated huge swaths of land. In post-Soviet states such as Russia and Ukraine, the term Guberniya is considered obsolete, yet the word gubernator was reinstated and is used when referring to

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216-492: The term governorate general ( генерал-губернаторство , general-gubernatorstvo ) was in use to refer to the actual territory being governed. The office of governor general had more administrative power and was in a higher position than the previous office of governor. Sometimes a governor general ruled several governorates. By the ukase of the Russian Senate of December 31, 1796, the office of governorate general

234-554: Was a major and principal administrative subdivision of the Russian Empire . After the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917, governorates remained as subdivisions in the Byelorussian , Russian and Ukrainian Soviet republics, and in the Soviet Union from its formation in 1922 until 1929. The term is also translated as government or province . A governorate was headed by a governor ( губернатор , gubernator ),

252-613: Was also applied to subdivisions of the Kingdom of Poland ("Russian Poland") and the Grand Duchy of Finland . After the February Revolution , the Russian Provisional Government renamed governors into governorate commissars . The October Revolution left the subdivision in place, but the governing apparatus was replaced by governorate soviets ( губернский совет ). Actual subdivisions of

270-463: Was based on population size, and the term guberniya was replaced by the synonym of Russian origin: namestnichestvo ( наместничество ), sometimes translated as "viceroyalty", other times as " vicegerency ". The term guberniya , however, still remained in use. These viceroyalties were governed by namestniki ( наместник ) (literal translation: "deputy") or " governors general " ( генерал-губернатор , general-gubernator ). Correspondingly,

288-480: Was created by the edict ( ukase ) of Peter the Great on December 18, 1708 "On the establishment of the gubernias and cities assigned to them", which divided Russia into eight governorates . In 1719, governorates were further subdivided into provinces ( Russian : провинции , romanized :  provintsii ). Later the number of governorates was increased to 23 . By the reform of 1775, subdivision into governorates and further into uezds ( Russian : уезды ),

306-486: Was demoted to the previous level of governorate, and Russia was again divided into governorates, which were subdivided into uezds, further subdivided into volosts ( волость ); nevertheless several governorates general made from several governorates existed until the Russian Revolution of 1917 . The governorate ( Russian : губе́рния , Polish : gubernia , Swedish : län , Finnish : lääni ) system

324-804: Was finally abolished during the Bolshevik administrative reform (see Idel-Ural State ). Thereupon its Eastern part was proclaimed the Tatar ASSR , while the Western part was eventually divided between Chuvashia and Mari El . Kazan Governorate consisted of the following uyezds (administrative centres in parentheses): 55°47′27″N 49°06′52″E  /  55.7908°N 49.1144°E  / 55.7908; 49.1144 Governorate (Russia) A governorate ( Russian : губе́рния , romanized :  gubérniya , pre-1918 spelling : губе́рнія , IPA: [ɡʊˈbʲernʲɪjə] )

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