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17-612: The capital of Tajik ASSR was in Dyushambe. In October 1929, under the initiative of Shirinsho Shotemur , the Tajik ASSR was transformed into a full-fledged Soviet Socialist Republic and became Tajik SSR , which additionally absorbed the Khujand region (today's Sughd Province in northern Tajikistan ) from Uzbek SSR. The capital Dyushambe was renamed Stalinabad in honor of Joseph Stalin . Like in other Soviet Socialist Republics,

34-706: A friend helped the family change his younger brother's name to Rustam Arturovich Avotyn to avoid further problems. Shotemur Sr.'s other family members in the Tajik SSR were also subject to repression. Thus, Shirinsho Jr. and Rustam had no contact with their Tajik relatives until their father's name was officially rehabilitated. Gorno-Altai Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic The Gorno-Altai Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic ( Gorno-Altai ASSR ; Russian : Горно-Алтайская Автономная Советская Социалистическая Республика , romanized :  Gorno-Altayskaya Avtonomnaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika )

51-530: A political career and was sent back to the Pamirs as a member of the political-military team. From 1923 to 1924 he worked as an instructor of the national minorities department of Tajikistan's Communist Party Central Committee. At the same time he headed the Tajik communist section. During his lifetime Shirinsho Shotemur held many leading positions in the Tajik government and in the communist party. In 1937 Shotemur

68-415: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This Tajikistan -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Shirinsho Shotemur Shirinsho Shotemur (also spelt Shirinshah Shahtimur, Shirinsho Shotemor, et al. ; Tajik : Шириншоҳ Шоҳтемур Shirinshoh Shohtemur ; Russian : Шириншо Шотемор Širinšo Šotemor ; 1 December 1899 – 27 October 1937 )

85-802: The Altai Republic on 31 March 1992. Its capital was Gorno-Altaysk . Agriculture is the main occupation for most of the inhabitants. Like the modern Altai Republic, the Gorno-Altai ASSR shared its international border with the People's Republic of China . The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and some of the other republics also contained administrative subdivisions with boundaries drawn according to nationality or language . The three kinds of such subdivisions included twenty autonomous republics , eight autonomous oblasts , and ten autonomous okruga . From 1922 to 1947 Gorno-Altai

102-733: The Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic within the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic in 1924. As of 1927 Shotemur was the Tajik ASSR's representative in the Uzbek SSR. In 1929, Shirinsho Shotemur successfully insisted on joining Sughd Province to the Tajik ASSR. The same year he initiated the exit of Tajikistan from the Uzbek SSR and the establishment of the new Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic . Many Soviet historians believe that his initiatives to separate Tajikistan from

119-1656: The Party members). The people of Tajikistan suffered also from forced relocation: in the 1950s-1960s, inhabitants of the mountain regions of the country were deported to urban centers were workforce was needed, while in 1951–1952, 3,000 Basmachis were deported to Siberia. 1918–24   Turkestan 1918–41   Volga German 1919–90   Bashkir 1920–25   Kirghiz 1920–90   Tatar 1921–91   Adjarian 1921–45   Crimean 1921–91   Dagestan 1921–24   Mountain 1921–90   Nakhichevan 1922–91   Yakut 1923–90   Buryat 1923–40   Karelian 1924–40   Moldavian 1924–29   Tajik 1925–92   Chuvash 1925–36   Kazakh 1926–36   Kirghiz 1931–92   Abkhaz 1932–92   Karakalpak 1934–90   Mordovian 1934–90   Udmurt 1935–43   Kalmyk 1936–44   Checheno-Ingush 1936–44   Kabardino-Balkarian 1936–90   Komi 1936–90   Mari 1936–90   North Ossetian 1944–57   Kabardin 1956–91   Karelian 1957–92   Checheno-Ingush 1957–91   Kabardino-Balkarian 1958–90   Kalmyk 1961–92   Tuvan 1990–91   Gorno-Altai 1991–92   Crimean 39°N 71°E  /  39°N 71°E  / 39; 71 This Soviet Union –related article

136-525: The Uzbek SSR caused his rivals to falsify charges against Shotemur, which led to his death sentence. He was also a close colleague of Nisar Muhammad Yousafzai , an Afghan political exile who was handed a British Death Sentence for his contributions to the Anglo-Afghan War who was also a founder of Tajikistan and arrested on false charges, then killed in 1937. They were together decorated as Heroes of Tajikistan on 27 June 2006. Shirinsho Shotemur

153-478: The ethnic Altai people at 31.0%. Other groups include Kazakhs (5.6%) and several smaller groups, accounting for less than 5% of the population when put together. Comparing it to the 2002 census , the ethnic Altais have significantly increased in numbers. Some Altai people converted to Christianity , but in 1904 a new religion, Burkhanism (the "white faith"), had pervaded the community of native Altaians. Burkhanism helped to encourage anti-Russian feelings and

170-475: The processes of industrialization and collectivization started in 1927 and continued until the end of the 1930s. Terror was often used to coerce farmers into forced collectivization, and this led to anti-government resistance in the years spanning from 1930 to 1936. Stalinist purges hit many members of the Communist Party of Tajikistan , and this led to the elimination of around 10,000 people (70% of

187-567: The region's capital was originally called Ulala. In 1928 Ulala was renamed to Oyrot-Tura in 1932. However, in 1948 the state changed the name of the region to the Gorno-Altai Autonomous Oblast . With it, Ulala was again renamed, this time to Gorno-Altaysk. The Gorno-Altaisk State University was founded in 1949, with only 10 teachers. In 1993 it became a classical university. The 1989 census states that ethnic Russians make up 60.4% of Gorno-Altai's population, with

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204-469: The time of arrest, grew up with Alexandra's mother. In 1940 the boys received a letter from their mother, in which she wrote in a coded language that she would return. However, on the way home she was detained again and sent to Krasnoyarsk. Even after her final return in 1944 Alexandra was not allowed to live with her children. Later the same year she died. For political reasons, Shirinsho Shotemur Jr. faced problems entering university after school. Eventually,

221-657: Was a prominent Pamiri politician who made a major contributions to the early history of Soviet Tajikistan and was instrumental in the establishment of the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic . Shotemur was born on December 1, 1899 in Shughnon District , Tajikistan , to a poor farmer family. At the age of 13 Shotemur started assisting his family on the field. From 1914 to 1918 he worked at a factory in Tashkent . In 1921 he began pursuing

238-602: Was an autonomous republic of the Russian SFSR within the Soviet Union . It was formed on 1 June 1922 as the Oyrot Autonomous Region and became the Gorno-Altai Autonomous Oblast on 7 January 1948. It was upgraded to the level of Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic on 25 October 1990, and was declared a Soviet Socialist Republic on 3 July 1991, although it was not recognised as one. It became

255-597: Was awarded with prestigious state awards during his lifetime, as well as posthumously, including awards from the Republic of Tajikistan in 1999 and 2006. In 1930 Shirinsho Shotemur married Alexandra Mikhailovna Kiselyova, who had recently moved to Tajikistan. Shotemur has two sons - Shirinsho Jr. (1931), and Rustam (1936). After Shirinsho's arrest in 1937, his wife was sent off to political prisoners' family camp in Siberia. His children, who were at their grandparents house at

272-885: Was called the Oyrot Autonomous Oblast. It was renamed to the Gorno-Altai Autonomous Oblast in 1948 and was renamed again to the Gorno-Altai Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in 1990. It was renamed to the Gorno-Altai Republic on 3 July 1991 and became the Altai Republic on 31 March 1992. It is now a federal subject of the Russian Federation . When the region became the Oyrot Autonomous Region in 1922,

289-629: Was charged with participation in an anti-Soviet nationalistic organization and arrested in Moscow. Later the same year the Military board of the Supreme Court of the USSR sentenced Shotemur to death. He was executed on October 27, 1937. In 1956 Shotemur was posthumously rehabilitated by Military board of the Supreme Court of the USSR. Shirinsho Shotemur was one of the main initiators of establishing

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