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16-467: Tamalpais Valley ( Miwok : Támal Pájiṣ ) is an unincorporated community in Marin County , California . Tamalpais Valley is located at 37°53′19″N 122°32′23″W  /  37.888526°N 122.539609°W  / 37.888526; -122.539609 . and is about 509 acres in size, with an elevation of 108 feet (33 m). The nearest cities are Mill Valley to the north and Sausalito to

32-630: A 110-yard (100 m) playing field called poscoi a we'a . A unique game was played with young men and women. Similarly to soccer , the object was to put an elk hide ball through the goalpost. The girls were allowed to do anything, including kicking the ball and picking it up and running with it. The boys were only allowed to use their feet, but if a girl was holding it he could pick her up and carry her towards his goal. In 1770, there were an estimated 500 Lake Miwok, 1,500 Coast Miwok, and 9,000 Plains and Sierra Miwok, totaling about 11,000 people, according to historian Alfred L. Kroeber , although this may be

48-572: A group of endangered languages spoken in central California by the Miwok peoples, ranging from the Bay Area to the Sierra Nevada . There are seven Miwok languages, four of which have distinct regional dialects. There are a few dozen speakers of the three Sierra Miwok languages, and in 1994 there were two speakers of Lake Miwok. The best attested language is Southern Sierra Miwok , from which

64-545: A serious undercount; for example, he did not identify the Bay Miwok. History professors from California estimate the total Miwok population was 25,000 people, prior to 1769. The 1910 Census reported only 671 Miwok total, and the 1930 Census, 491. See history of each Miwok group for more information. Today there are about 3,500 Miwok in total. The Star Wars films feature a fictional species of forest-dwelling creatures known as Ewoks , who are ostensibly named after

80-644: A wide range of hiking and biking trails, featuring scenic views of Mount Tamalpais and the Marin Headlands, as well as the Pacific Ocean and San Francisco Bay. Some of the most popular nearby trails include Tennessee Valley trail, Miwok trail, Dias trail, and Mountain Home trail. Miwok languages The Miwok or Miwokan languages ( / ˈ m iː w ɒ k / ; North Sierra Miwok: [míwːɨːk] ), also known as Moquelumnan or Miwuk , are

96-596: Is elected by residents. Tamalpais Valley was first inhabited by Native American tribes such as the Miwok Indians, who left the area with the establishment of the Spanish mission and Presidio in San Francisco. Called Coyote Hollow on 19th century maps, it was granted as part of Rancho Saucelito to William Richardson in 1838. The land was acquired by attorney Samuel Reading Throckmorton, then title passed to

112-498: Is federal parkland – the Golden Gate National Recreation Area. The area's wooded canyons host diverse wildlife, including deer, raccoons, squirrels, skunks, coyotes, foxes, chipmunks, bobcats. and mountain lions – as well as a wide variety of birds, including hummingbirds, sparrows, robins, doves, jays, hawks, herons, quail, owls, falcons, eagles, and vultures. In 2009, Tamalpais Valley's population

128-608: The Miwok and some other northern California tribes descend from Siberians who arrived in California by sea around 3,000 years ago. The Miwok lived in small bands without centralized political authority before contact with European Americans in 1769. They had domesticated dogs and cultivated tobacco, but were otherwise hunter-gatherers . The Sierra Miwok harvested acorns from the California Black Oak . In fact,

144-518: The Miwok before European contact. The United States Bureau of Indian Affairs officially recognizes eleven tribes of Miwok descent in California. They are as follows: The predominant theory regarding the settlement of the Americas dates the original migrations from Asia to around 20,000 years ago across the Bering Strait land bridge , but anthropologist Otto von Sadovszky claims that

160-546: The San Francisco Savings Union. Eventually dairymen of Portuguese Azorean birth purchased the area, among them the Dias and Pimentel/Silva families. For approximately 60 years these families operated dairy ranches around the valley, where some family members still reside. Finally S.A. Moss purchased property in the heart of the valley, and developers Cranston, Belvel & Dwyer renamed it Tamalpais Valley (it

176-479: The modern-day extent of the California Black Oak forests in some areas of Yosemite National Park is partially due to cultivation by Miwok tribes. They burned understory vegetation to reduce the fraction of Ponderosa Pine . Nearly every other kind of edible vegetable matter was used as a food source, including bulbs, seeds, and fungi. Animals were hunted with arrows, clubs or snares, depending on

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192-477: The name Yosemite originates. The name Miwok comes from the Northern Sierra Miwok word miw·yk meaning 'people.' Language family by Mithun (1999): Reconstructions of Proto-Miwok plant and animal names by Callaghan (2014): Miwok Anthropologists commonly divide the Miwok into four geographically and culturally diverse ethnic subgroups. These distinctions were not used among

208-882: The southeast. Traveling by car, Tamalpais Valley is located about 10 minutes from the Golden Gate Bridge and fifteen minutes from San Francisco . California State Route 1 (also known as Shoreline Highway and the Pacific Coast Highway) runs through the Valley and is the road most often used to access western Marin County. Nearby landmarks include the Golden Gate National Recreation Area (GGNRA), Mount Tamalpais State Park , Muir Woods National Monument , Tennessee Valley , and Muir Beach. A large portion of Tamalpais Valley

224-1112: The species and the situation. Grasshoppers were a highly prized food source, as were mussels for those groups adjacent to the Stanislaus River . Coastal Miwok were known to have predominantly relied on food gathered from the inland side of the Marin peninsula (modern San Pablo bay, lakes, and land based foods), but to have also engaged in diving for abalone in the Pacific Ocean . The Miwok ate meals according to appetite rather than at regular times. They stored food for later consumption, primarily in flat-bottomed baskets. The Miwok creation story and narratives tend to be similar to those of other natives of Northern California. Miwok had totem animals, identified with one of two moieties , which were in turn associated respectively with land and water. These totem animals were not thought of as literal ancestors of humans, but rather as predecessors. Miwok people played mixed-gender games on

240-523: Was estimated at 11,000 (nearly the same size as Sausalito ). For census purposes, Tamalpais Valley is aggregated with Homestead Valley into the census-designated place Tamalpais-Homestead Valley . Tamalpais Valley is an unincorporated community of approximately 2,800 households, plus a few small businesses. Its local governmental agency is the Tamalpais Community Services District (TCSD), whose board of directors

256-537: Was known as Big Coyote until 1908); 125 lots were put up for sale to private purchasers in 1908. Tamalpais Valley's working class and rural community grew at a fast pace during the 1920s as more families settled in the area. Small businesses, such as the Tamalpais Service Station, were opened along Shoreline Highway . By the 1950s, it had become a suburban settlement with its own primary school, sewer system, and local government. The area offers

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