32-527: Te Tai Tokerau ( lit. ' The North Coast ' ) is a New Zealand parliamentary Māori electorate that was created out of the Northern Maori electorate ahead of the first Mixed Member Proportional (MMP) election in 1996 . It was held first by Tau Henare representing New Zealand First for one term, and then Dover Samuels of the Labour Party for two terms. From 2005 to 2014, it
64-482: A populist party led by former National Party minister Winston Peters . After the 1996 election , New Zealand First won 17 seats, including a sweep of all five Māori electorates . It held the balance of power in Parliament and eventually went into coalition with the incumbent conservative National Party with Peters as deputy prime minister . Gradually, however, the relationship between New Zealand First and
96-423: A candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A [REDACTED] Y or [REDACTED] N denotes status of any incumbent , win or lose respectively. Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by
128-499: A list member, or other incumbent. A [REDACTED] Y or [REDACTED] N denotes status of any incumbent , win or lose respectively. Northern Maori Northern Maori was one of New Zealand's four original parliamentary Māori electorates established in 1868, along with Eastern Maori , Western Maori and Southern Maori . In 1996 , with the introduction of MMP , the Maori electorates were updated, and Northern Maori
160-496: A list member, or other incumbent. A [REDACTED] Y or [REDACTED] N denotes status of any incumbent , win or lose respectively. Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A [REDACTED] Y or [REDACTED] N denotes status of any incumbent , win or lose respectively. Blue background denotes
192-496: A list member, or other incumbent. A [REDACTED] Y or [REDACTED] N denotes status of any incumbent , win or lose respectively. Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A [REDACTED] Y or [REDACTED] N denotes status of any incumbent , win or lose respectively. Blue background denotes
224-553: The 1999 election . In Te Tai Tokerau, Tau Henare was beaten into third place behind the New Zealand First candidate and Dover Samuels , who Henare had beaten three years previous. However, Labour's losing the five Māori electorates in 1996 showed that the Māori vote was contestable for the first time in five decades, as the new electoral system coupled with the rise of small parties meant that non-Labour candidacy in these seats
256-456: The 2011 by-election , and re-entered Parliament on 23 May 2014 following Shane Jones ' resignation. Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A [REDACTED] Y or [REDACTED] N denotes status of any incumbent , win or lose respectively. Blue background denotes
288-897: The 2011 general election some months later, Harawira had a similar majority to Davis. The Mana Party formed a coalition with the Internet Party just prior to the 2014 New Zealand general election . The coalition was registered with the Electoral Commission as the Internet Party and Mana Movement in July 2014, allowing it to contest the party vote. The Internet Party was founded by controversial online millionaire Kim Dotcom , and this strategic coalition resulted in Harawira's main opponent, Labour's Kelvin Davis, getting endorsements from Winston Peters of New Zealand First and
320-764: The Far North of the North Island to a boundary cutting through West Auckland . The major population centres are Whangārei , the Bay of Islands and north and west Auckland . The electorate contains all of the Ngāpuhi , Te Aupōuri , Ngāti Kuri, Te Rarawa and Ngāti Kahu tribal areas, and part of Ngāti Whātua 's territory ( rohe ). Its analogous general electorates are East Coast Bays , North Shore , Northcote , Northland , Rodney , Te Atatū , Upper Harbour , Whangārei , most of Helensville , part of Kelston and some of
352-489: The United New Zealand party, citing Mauri Pacific's lack of commitment to Asian voters. In the 1999 elections , Mauri Pacific stood candidates in twenty electorates. It also put forward a party list of twenty-two people. However, the party gained only 4,008 list votes (0.19% of the total), putting it in thirteenth place. None of Mauri Pacific's sitting MPs were re-elected or even won second place. Shortly after
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#1732780717061384-453: The "tight five," Tu Wyllie and Tuariki Delamere , were not involved with Mauri Pacific - Wyllie had remained with New Zealand First, and Delamere eventually joined the small Te Tawharau party.) Because its three highest-profile MPs were Māori, Mauri Pacific was considered by many to be a Māori party. Its policies were generally favourable towards Māori, such as its proposal to give customary Māori law equal status to modern Western law , but
416-570: The Māori Party in early 2011 and became an independent MP. On 11 May 2011, he resigned from Parliament effective 20 May, seeking a mandate for his new party, the Mana Party . This caused the 25 June 2011 by-election , which was contested by five parties, with the main contenders Harawira, Kelvin Davis (Labour Party) and Solomon Tipene (Māori Party). Harawira retained the electorate with a majority of 1,117, his previous majority being over 6,000. In
448-513: The National Party deteriorated. In August 1998, Peters was sacked from Cabinet, and he pulled New Zealand First out of the coalition. Many New Zealand First MPs were not willing to follow their party back into Opposition , however. Eight of the party's sixteen MPs defected , establishing themselves as independents. These MPs supported the National Party government, enabling it to keep a slim majority in Parliament. Sometime later, five of
480-1042: The Prime Minister, John Key of the National Party . Even the electorate's candidate for the Māori Party , Te Hira Paenga, reminded voters of the importance of strategic voting. In his fourth challenge in the Te Tai Tokerau electorate, Davis ousted the incumbent Harawira, which ended the representation of the Mana Party in Parliament. Key NZ First Mauri Pacific Labour Māori Party Mana Independent Members of Parliament elected from party lists in elections where that person also unsuccessfully contested Te Tai Tokerau. Unless otherwise stated, all MPs terms began and ended at general elections. Kelvin Davis also contested
512-889: The affiliation of many early candidates is not known. Footnotes: Mauri Pacific Mauri Pacific ( lit. ' Spirit of the Pacific ' ) was a short-lived political party in New Zealand . It was formed in 1998 by five former members of the New Zealand First party. It has often been described as a Māori party. Officially, Mauri Pacific was a multiculturalist party, welcoming anyone who supported racial and cultural harmony. Three of its five MPs were Māori, and two were Pākehā . The party only contested one election and failed to retain any of its five seats in Parliament. The party disbanded shortly afterwards. Mauri Pacific had its origins in New Zealand First ,
544-401: The four Māori seats. Henare went on to win Te Tai Tokerau after the switch to MMP, and New Zealand First won all five of the newly drawn Māori electorates. After a tumultuous parliamentary term which saw all but one of the five New Zealand First Māori MPs defect to other parties, (including Henare himself, who went on to found Mauri Pacific ), Labour won all six Māori electorates contested at
576-492: The islands located within Auckland Central . Northern Maori had been held by the Labour Party since the 1938 election , when longstanding Reform MP Taurekareka Henare was beaten by Labour's Paraire Karaka Paikea . In 1993, after 55 years of his party holding the seat, Labour MP Bruce Gregory was beaten by Henare's great-grandson, Tau Henare , standing for New Zealand First , ending Labour's unbroken hold on
608-408: The newly independent MPs gathered together to establish Mauri Pacific. They were led by Tau Henare , Minister of Māori Affairs and former deputy leader of New Zealand First. The other MPs were Tuku Morgan , Rana Waitai , Jack Elder , and Ann Batten . Henare, Morgan, and Waitai were previously members of the so-called " tight five ", New Zealand First's group of Māori MPs. (The other two members of
640-773: The other New Zealand First candidates (known as the Tight Five ) in the Māori electorates in 1996 . In 1996 with MMP , the Northern Maori electorate was replaced by Te Tai Tokerau , and won by Henare. Tau Henare is a great-grandson of Taurekareka Henare who had held the electorate for the Reform Party from 1914 to 1938. The Northern Maori electorate was represented by 15 Members of Parliament : Key Independent Liberal Reform National Labour NZ First Note that
672-454: The party portrayed this as multiculturalism rather than mere Māori advocacy. The party made a particular attempt to gather support from Pacific Islanders , although was not particularly successful. Mauri Pacific was not well received by the general public. The behaviour of its members (particularly Tuku Morgan) had been criticised even before the splintering of New Zealand First, and the perception that these MPs had "betrayed" their former party
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#1732780717061704-475: The pre- Mixed Member Proportional (MMP) Northern Maori electorate. Te Tai Tokerau was created ahead of the first MMP election in 1996 . In the 2002 boundary redistribution, the size of the electorate shrank to make room for an increase in the number of Māori electorates from six to seven. The boundaries were not further altered in the 2007 or 2013/14 redistributions. Te Tai Tokerau is the northernmost Māori electorate , and covers an area between Cape Reinga in
736-433: The winner of the by-election. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list prior to the by-election. Yellow background denotes the winner of the by-election, who was a list MP prior to the by-election. A [REDACTED] Y or [REDACTED] N denotes status of any incumbent , win or lose respectively. Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes
768-480: The winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A [REDACTED] Y or [REDACTED] N denotes status of any incumbent , win or lose respectively. Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by
800-480: The winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A [REDACTED] Y or [REDACTED] N denotes status of any incumbent , win or lose respectively. Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by
832-513: The winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A [REDACTED] Y or [REDACTED] N denotes status of any incumbent , win or lose respectively. Swings against both Harawira (Mana Party) and Shortland (Māori Party) are calculated against Harawira's Māori Party vote in 2008 Electorate (as at 26 November 2011): 33,797 Notes: Blue background denotes
864-399: Was Frederick Nene Russell ; he retired in 1870. The second member of parliament from 1871 to 1875 and in 1887 was Wi Katene . In the 1879 election there was some doubt about the validity of the election result, and a law was passed to confirm the result in Northern Maori and two other electorates. The electorate was held by Labour from 1938 . Paraire Karaka Paikea died in 1943, and
896-511: Was held by MP Hone Harawira . Initially a member of the Māori Party , Harawira resigned from both the party and then Parliament, causing the 2011 by-election . He was returned under the Mana Party banner in July 2011 and confirmed at the November 2011 general election . In the 2014 election , he was beaten by Labour's Kelvin Davis , ending the representation of the Mana Party in Parliament. Te Tai Tokerau's boundaries are similar to those of
928-490: Was more feasible than under First Past the Post . The New Zealand foreshore and seabed controversy of 2004–05 proved to be the catalyst for the second challenge to Labour party domination of the Māori electorates, this time from the Māori Party . At the 2005 election , Samuels and three other Labour Māori MPs lost their seats to Māori Party challengers. In Te Tai Tokerau, the winner was Hone Harawira . Harawira resigned from
960-471: Was replaced by his son Tapihana Paraire Paikea . In 1979, Matiu Rata resigned from the Labour Party as a protest against Labour policies. In 1980 he resigned from Parliament, but came second in the subsequent by-election. The by-election was won by the Labour candidate, Bruce Gregory . Tau Henare won the electorate from Gregory for New Zealand First in 1993 ; a foretaste of the success of Henare and
992-553: Was replaced with the Te Tai Tokerau electorate. The electorate included the following population centres: Auckland , Whangārei . The electorate included the following tribal areas: The Northern Maori electorate boundary was in South Auckland. It extended from Auckland City north to Northland , and had only minor boundary changes from 1868 to 1996. The first member of parliament for Northern Maori from 1868
Te Tai Tokerau - Misplaced Pages Continue
1024-520: Was strong. Many voters believed that Mauri Pacific had been born out of political opportunism, not out of firmly-held principle. It later came out that Henare had challenged Peters for leadership of New Zealand First prior to the split. In addition, the party's policies were criticised as vague and unspecific. In June, Independent and former New Zealand First MP Tuariki Delamere asked his supporters to give their party vote to Mauri Pacific. In November 1999 one of Mauri Pacific's candidates resigned to join
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