52-728: Temple Mills Depot , also known as Temple Mills International ( TMI ) and the Eurostar Engineering Centre , is a railway depot in Leyton in East London . Construction of a new depot for Eurostar operations, to replace North Pole Depot , was approved by the UK Government on 15 November 2004. North Pole had served as the maintenance depot for the Eurostar's fleet of Class 373s since opening in 1994, but
104-662: A Crozier Gold" . The Latin language motto was "MINISTRANDO DIGNITAS" meaning "dignity in service". Elements of the arms commemorated various families who had held manors within the borough during the Middle Ages , and also the nearby Stratford Langthorne Abbey which had held lands in Leyton before the Dissolution of the Monasteries . The lion and cross-staff on the crest of the Leyton arms have been preserved in
156-554: A city farm in Skelton Lane Park, near Leyton Midland Road station. It is free to visitors and the livestock include pigs, sheep, cows, horses and llamas . A recent regeneration of Ive Farm Fields in 2018 has brought a host of new facilities to the area, with floodlit sports pitches, a running track, volleyball courts and a series of walking routes. In memory of those who lost their lives in Waltham Forest during
208-502: A poundkeeper in 1796. They also decided rights of common , who was liable for maintaining roads and bridges, and for making and maintaining infrastructure such as animal pounds , lock ups and stocks . From the 17th century, the local government of Leyton was increasingly controlled by the parish vestry , particularly with regard to the administration of the Poor Laws and levying of the parish rates . Initially only meeting once
260-559: A work house immediately behind them. The work house was closed in 1836, Leyton having joined, along with neighbouring parishes, the West Ham Poor Law Union . The Union built a new work house in Leyton to serve the whole area in 1839–41, the building eventually becoming Langthorne Hospital. A workhouse infirmary built at Whipps Cross in 1900-03 later became Whipps Cross Hospital . There were two constables, one for Leyton and one for Leytonstone; both were appointed by
312-809: A 99-year lease of the stadium. Orient said that the stadium was too close to their stadium, which they said would breach FA rules. There has also been talk of the club moving into the 15,000 seater Riverbank Arena. Leyton F.C. (between 1975 and 1992 called "Leyton Wingate") was founded in 1868, and until January 2011 played in the Isthmian League Division One North at the Leyton Stadium in Lea Bridge Road. Leyton FC amalgamated with Walthamstow Pennant FC, in 1995 and renamed as Leyton Pennant FC. In 1994, they changed their name again to Waltham Forest FC. Leyton also has
364-502: A cricket pitch and pavilion, which was the former home of Essex County Cricket Club . In 1886, the club purchased Leyton Cricket Ground in the High Road, which became their headquarters until 1933; however, they continued to play at Leyton until 1977. The pavilion (a Grade II listed building ) still stands today as part of Leyton Youth Centre. Wapping Hockey Club and East London Hockey Club are field hockey clubs that both play at
416-510: A current 'hot spot' to buy in. The area was referenced in the July 2015 edition of Vogue (magazine) , which said: "All eyes are on Leyton and Stratford [right now]." More widely in Waltham Forest, the borough has seen an influx of those who cannot afford higher house prices or rent in neighbouring Hackney as well as areas such as Bethnal Green and Bow in the nearby London Borough of Tower Hamlets . Related to this, Waltham Forest has been one of
468-475: A large, 24-hour Asda store, a B&Q store and a selection of furniture and electrical stores. At the north end of the town, Baker's Arms has a more traditional selection of shops lining Lea Bridge Road and the High Road, including a branch of Tesco . The newly built local police station is at Boreham Close near Leyton Midland Road station. It moved from Francis Road in December 2012. Restaurants reflect
520-580: A licence, and the best college in London for sport. Leyton is on the Central line of London Underground , with the station located at the southern end of the High Road. There is a London Overground station at Midland Road on the Gospel Oak to Barking line . Leyton is served by a number of London bus routes day and night. Central London may be reached by bicycle from Lea Bridge Road following
572-778: A total population of 42,061, is a diverse district. Between 61 and 69 per cent of its residents are either Black, Asian, or from an ethnic minority, according to the London Borough of Waltham Forest profile reports for the Leyton (ward) , Grove Green and Lea Bridge (ward) wards. This compares to 55.1% in the Borough as a whole, according to the 2011 United Kingdom census . Within these groups, there are many people whose origins are from Russia , North Africa , Ghana , Nigeria , Jamaica , Ireland , Portugal , Cyprus , and Italy as well as newer arrivals from South Africa , Bosnia , Serbia , and Poland . Moreover, more than half
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#1732773196859624-462: A year at Easter to elect and appoint parish officers, a second meeting each year was necessary by 1681, a third meeting from 1698 and monthly from 1759. Although the main Easter meeting was held in the parish church vestry room, other meetings were held in pubs or coffee houses , the committee members being entitled to a generous entertainment allowance of 40 shillings twice a year, although this
676-434: Is also the case in the neighbouring areas of Hackney , Bow , Clapton and Stratford . Leyton's skyline is comparatively low-rise compared to other districts of east London. High-rise estates once dominated the horizon, but the towers were unpopular with many residents and considered to be poorly constructed. The Oliver Close and Cathall Road estates were the first to be completely redeveloped by demolition and rebuilding with
728-723: Is now the Gaughan Group Stadium. Although they reached the top flight of English football when promoted to the Football League First Division in 1962, Orient currently play in League One. Leyton Orient's future in the heart of Leyton is uncertain. In October 2011, Orient submitted a request to the Football League to move into and become tenants of the London 2012 Olympic Stadium, following complaints over West Ham United being given
780-522: The 2012 London Olympic Games site. The Olympics authority also funded the smartening up of pavements and street furniture. Leyton is in the Lower Lea Valley , the river forming its western boundary. The area rises from low-lying marshland along the river Lea to over 90 feet at Whipps Cross on the southern edge of Epping Forest . Leyton is partially bisected by the A12 (M11 link road, built in
832-675: The Becontree hundred and part of the ancient county of Essex . The town expanded rapidly in the late 19th century, forming part of the conurbation of London and becoming a suburb , similar to much of south-west Essex. It became part of the Metropolitan Police District in 1839 and has been part of the London postal district since its inception in 1856. The parish became an urban district in 1894 and gained municipal borough status in 1926. In 1965, it merged with
884-606: The Knights Templar ) is now reduced in size as part of it has become a retail park 'Leyton Mills', whilst the rest has been renovated to serve as a depot for high-speed Eurostar trains. After World War Two, Leyton suffered from large-scale industrial decline in the second half of the 20th century. But, like much of east London, Leyton, which also borders the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park , has benefited from significant regeneration projects over
936-927: The Lee Valley Hockey and Tennis Centre , and compete in the Women's England Hockey League and the London Hockey League . The Lee Valley Ice Centre is home to the Lea Valley Lions Ice Hockey Club who play in the English National Ice Hockey League . Leyton borders the Olympic Park for the 2012 Olympic Games . The training facilities at the Waltham Forest Pool & Track were used by Olympians to prepare for
988-494: The London Borough of Waltham Forest in Greater London . Leyton St Mary or Low Leyton (sometimes spelt "Layton") was an ancient parish in the Becontree hundred of Essex, England. Originally, the parish had an area of 2,271 acres (919 hectares), which included a detached part to the north of 588 acres (238 hectares), separated from the main part of the parish by a long, narrow exclave of Walthamstow , known as
1040-474: The River Lea , to the west. The area includes New Spitalfields Market , Leyton Orient Football Club , as well as part of the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park . The town consists largely of terraced houses built between 1870 and 1910, interspersed with some modern housing estates. It is 6.2 miles (10 km) north-east of Charing Cross . It was historically part of the ancient parish of Leyton St Mary in
1092-534: The 17th and 18th centuries, Leyton was a "pretty retiring place from London" for wealthy merchants and bankers; in 1766 there were said to be 50 or 60 gentlemen with houses in the parish. Leyton's development from an agricultural community to an industrial and residential suburb was given impetus by the arrival of the railway. First at Lea Bridge Station in 1840, then at Low Leyton in 1856 (now Leyton Underground ). Finally Leyton Midland Road opened in 1894, after an elevated line had been built on brick arches across
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#17327731968591144-626: The 1990s), with most of the district lying on the north-west side of this busy traffic artery through east London. The High Road Leyton bridge crossing the A12 offers some of the best views in London of the Olympic Park, which also borders the district, as well as of skyscrapers further west. It borders Walthamstow along Lea Bridge Road and areas of the London Borough of Hackney via the River Lea. Leyton, which comprises three electoral wards with
1196-481: The 2012 Games, will "be a valuable area of open green space for the neighbouring communities" and "a place for jogging, kickabouts, children’s play and family picnics". Leyton has a number of secondary schools, including George Mitchell School , Lammas School and Norlington School . There is also a college, Leyton Sixth Form College , which is the second sixth form college in Southern England to get
1248-668: The Bakers Arms, there is also a municipal gym and Leyton Leisure Centre swimming pool, which was formerly called the Leyton Leisure Lagoon and was reopened in October 2013 following a period of renovation. There are two public libraries in Leyton. One on the High Road next door to the former Town Hall, and the other on Lea Bridge Road which has been recently modernised to offer extensive computer facilities. The London Borough of Waltham Forest also operates Brooks Farm,
1300-640: The Covid pandemic, a memorial plaque and tree has been placed in Jubilee Park as a tribute. The majority of homes in the area consists of Victorian and Edwardian terraces built between 1870 and 1910 during Leyton's phase of rapid development from what had been a small village at the beginning of the 1800s. These properties range in size from two- to seven-bedroom houses. As a result, the area is popular with families. Large-scale redevelopment and inner city regeneration has been underway in Leyton for many years, as
1352-521: The Games. Also in Leyton is the Lee Valley VeloPark , which has a 6,000-seat indoor velodrome for track cycling and a 6,000-seat outdoor BMX racing track. The Lee Valley Tennis and Hockey centres at Eton Manor are also due to open to the public in late 2013. The London Legacy Development Corporation said this North Park area, the first section of the Olympic Park to reopen to the public after
1404-496: The London Cycle Network Route 9 through Hackney and Shoreditch. Municipal Borough of Leyton Leyton was a local government district in southwest Essex , England, from 1873 to 1965. It included the neighbourhoods of Leyton , Leytonstone and Cann Hall . It was suburban to London, forming part of the London postal district and Metropolitan Police District . It now forms the southernmost part of
1456-536: The Stadium with 750 new homes set to be built by 2027, known as The Score Centre. The town is the home to the football club, Leyton Orient F.C. , viewed by many residents as one of the most important parts of Leyton's identity. Orient came to Brisbane Road, Leyton in 1936 from Clapton . The stadium has over time been re-constructed and changed its name from Leyton Stadium to the Matchroom Stadium and
1508-727: The Walthamstow Slip. To the south, the parish of Wanstead formed a long protrusion known as the Wanstead Slip, which extended to the marshes of the River Lea and divided Leyton from West Ham . Much of the early governance of the parish was in the hands of the lords of the manors of Leyton and Ruckholt, who held courts baron, a type of manorial court from the medieval period until the 1840s. The lords and their courts appointed public officers such as constables (from 1381), marsh haywards , ale tasters (from 1509), headboroughs (from 1578), tithingmen (from 1584) and
1560-523: The already developed streets. However, not all the green spaces were lost, 200 acres (81 ha) of Epping Forest within Leyton's borders were preserved by the Epping Forest Act 1878 . In 1897 Leyton Urban District Council purchased the land for a formal park close to the town hall ; it opened in 1903 as Coronation Gardens, named after the coronation of King Edward VII . In 1905, the "Lammas land", common pasture land on Leyton Marshes ,
1612-532: The area. Paleolithic implements and fossil bones show that early man hunted in Leyton. A Roman cemetery and the foundations of a Roman villa have been found here. From Anglo-Saxon times, Leyton has been part of the County of Essex . The name means "settlement ( tun ) on the River Lea" and was also known until 1921 as "Low Leyton". In the Domesday Book , the name is rendered as Leintun . at which time
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1664-581: The arms of the London Borough of Waltham Forest, which were granted on 1 January 1965. In 1965 the municipal borough was abolished by the London Government Act 1963 and its former area transferred to Greater London from Essex. Its former area was combined with that of the Municipal Borough of Chingford and the Municipal Borough of Walthamstow to form the present-day London Borough of Waltham Forest . The last Mayor of Leyton
1716-609: The borough – is the Northwood Tower in Walthamstow. However, smaller 1960s-built blocks, such the 10-storey Slade Tower in the Leyton Grange estate, still dot the area. A host of modern apartment buildings have also been built since the late 1990s, including the flats built at each end of Leyton Orient Football Club's Brisbane Road stadium. There is now further development taking place opposite Coronation Gardens and
1768-422: The district, but in 1903 it was reorganised into nine wards and then ten in 1920. A town hall was built for the urban district in 1895-96 next to the 1882 offices, which had proved to be too small and were converted into a public library . Designed by John Johnson (died 1920), Leyton Town Hall was described by Nikolaus Pevsner as "Fussy but enjoyable, in an eclectic and enriched Italianate style ". Amongst
1820-543: The diversity of Leyton's population, with cuisines on offer including Turkish, Portuguese, Polish, Indian, Mauritian, Somali and Cypriot. There are also several fast-food takeaway shops, cafes and bakeries. Leyton lies on the eastern side of the Hackney Marshes , one of the largest areas of open land in London. A bridge to the marshes crosses the Orient Way road and railway tracks from Leyton Jubilee Park, which
1872-524: The fastest rising boroughs in terms of house prices since 2013. The New Spitalfields Market , relocated in 1991 from the Old Spitalfields market , is the UK's leading horticultural market specialising in exotic fruit and vegetables. There are two main shopping areas in the district, located at opposite ends of the High Road. There is a large retail park at Leyton Mills, next to the station. This has
1924-491: The help of the multimillion-pound Waltham Forest Housing Action Trust scheme during the early 2000s. The redevelopment of the problematic Avenue Road Estate followed. Demolition of the last large high-rise estate in the area, the Beaumont Road Estate, began in 2006. It has since been almost completely redeveloped. The only remaining 20-storey tower block left in Waltham Forest – from a 1970s peak of 20 across
1976-660: The infrastructure improvements initiated by the board was the Leyton Urban District Council Tramways ; tram services in Leyton remained in local government control until they became the responsibility of the London Passenger Transport Board in 1933. After a formal petition to the Privy Council in 1920, the urban district was incorporated as a municipal borough in 1926. Each of the existing ten wards
2028-534: The neighbouring municipal boroughs of Walthamstow and Chingford to form the London Borough of Waltham Forest , a local government district of Greater London . The town has become one of the most ethnically diverse areas in England, with 69 per cent of residents belonging to a non-British ethnic background. Once a traditional, working class area, it is undergoing large-scale regeneration and gentrification , with large numbers of young professionals moving into
2080-552: The new district met in the vestry room until 1882, when new public offices were built in Leyton High Road to the design of J Knight. Leyton became an urban district in 1894 under the Local Government Act 1894 . The 1894 act did not allow parishes to be split between districts, so the portion of Wanstead in the district was reconstituted as a new parish of Cann Hall . Initially there were four wards in
2132-538: The past decade. Parks have been spruced up, some new small parks and gardens created and several tower blocks have been demolished. The millennium was marked with a clock tower in the Lea Bridge Rd area and a major piece of street art at Baker's Arms. And, most recently, in the build-up to the Olympics, Waltham Forest Borough Council spent £475,000 restoring 41 shopfronts on the part of Leyton High Road closest to
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2184-527: The population is under the age of 30, according to the most recent census. It is also highly multi-cultural, with just 34% of the population recorded as White British, the lowest White British proportion in Waltham Forest. Once a more traditional, working class district, it has become much more gentrified and expensive in recent years. A number of articles have referenced the large numbers of young professionals and other university-educated people moving into Leyton, and its subsequent gentrification and location as
2236-522: The population was 43. The ancient parish church of St Mary the Virgin was largely rebuilt in the 17th century. The parish of Leyton also included Leytonstone . The old civil parish was formed into an Urban District within Essex in 1894 and it gained the status of Municipal Borough in 1926. The parish and urban district were officially known as Low Leyton until 1921. In 1965, the Municipal Borough of Leyton
2288-503: The railway the parish expanded as an extra-metropolitan suburb of London. The parish authorities resisted earlier attempts to form a local board of health , but finally adopted the Public Health Act 1872 for the parish of Leyton and Walthamstow Slip, creating a local government district in 1873. It was extended to include part of the parish of Wanstead to the south, known as Wanstead Slip or Cann Hall, from 1875. The board of
2340-510: The town is the High Road, which forms part of the ancient route to Waltham Abbey . At the top end of the High Road is a crossroads with Lea Bridge Road and Hoe Street. This junction and the surrounding district is known as Bakers Arms , named after the public house which has now closed down. The pub was named in honour of the almshouses on Lea Bridge Road built in 1857 by the London Master Bakers' Benevolent Institution. During
2392-400: The vestry from 1733. There was a whipping post at Leyton, replaced by a new one in 1756 when the stocks were also replaced, There was also a watch house and "cage" or lock-up. Leytonstone also had stocks and a watch house; a cage was built at Harrow Green in 1812. The parish of Leyton was incorporated into the Metropolitan Police District in 1840. Through house building and construction of
2444-436: Was abolished and was combined with that of Walthamstow and Chingford to form the London Borough of Waltham Forest, within the new county of Greater London . Although Leyton did not become officially part of London until 1965, the borough formed part of London's built-up area and had been part of the London postal district since its inception in 1856 and the Metropolitan Police District since 1839. The main route through
2496-401: Was created as a merger of two previously separate playing fields to mark the 60th anniversary of the reign of Queen Elizabeth II . A major focal point in the centre of Leyton is Coronation Gardens, a park built in 1902 to commemorate the coronation that year of King Edward VII . It includes a fountain, landscaped gardens, a bandstand and a children's maze. On the High Road, near the site of
2548-529: Was halved in 1723. Originally the meetings were presided over by the lord of the manor of Ruckholt, until 1695 when the Vicar of Leyton took on that role. A parish clerk is first mentioned in 1623. The parish appointed a parish beadle from 1718 and two overseers of the poor by 1721, one for Leyton and one for Leytonstone. The parish of Leyton endowed eight alms houses in Church Road and in 1742, built
2600-511: Was inaccessible to the Channel Tunnel Rail Link ( High Speed 1 ), over which all Eurostar services would run from November 2007. Leyton Leyton ( / ˈ l eɪ t ən / LAY -tən ) is a town in East London , England, within the London Borough of Waltham Forest . It borders Walthamstow to the north, Leytonstone to the east, and Stratford to the south, with Clapton , Hackney Wick and Homerton , across
2652-572: Was purchased by the council for use as a recreation ground. In World War I , about 1,300 houses were damaged by Zeppelin raids. By the 1920s, it had become a built-up and thriving urban industrial area known for manufacturing neckties and for its Thermos factory. During the Blitz of World War II , Leyton suffered as a target because of its proximity to the London Docks and Temple Mills rail yard. The yard (named after an ancient mill owned by
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#17327731968592704-482: Was represented by one alderman and three councillors . The first mayor of the new borough was James Benjamin Slade, who was knighted in 1927. The coat of arms of the municipal borough were granted on 27 November 1926. The arms were described as " Or three Chevronels Gules on a Chief Gules a Lion passant Or ". The crest was: "On a Wreath Or and Gules a Lion rampant per pale Or and Sable supporting
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