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26-735: Tadoule Lake ( Chipewyan : ᕞᐡ ᗀᐅᐟᕄ ᕤᐧᐁ, T’es he úli túé ) is an isolated northern community in Manitoba reachable by plane, snowmobile , dog team sleds, and in winter by winter road . In 1973, the Sayisi Dene moved here to return to their Barren-ground Caribou hunting life. The name appears as Tos-da-ool-le in the T.B. Johnson report of 1890, and as Tas-da-ool-le on the Arrowsmith map of 1832. Of Chipewyan origin Tes-He-Olie Twe , it may be translated as "floating charcoal" for

52-622: A Dene Indigenous Canadian people of the Athabaskan language family , whose ancestors are identified with the Taltheilei Shale archaeological tradition . They are part of the Northern Athabascan group of peoples, and hail from what is now Western Canada . The term Chipewyan ( ᒌᐯᐘᔮᐣ ) is a Cree exonym meaning 'pointed hides', referring to the design of their parkas. The French-speaking missionaries to

78-631: A few. Despite the superficial similarity of the names, the Chipewyan are not related to the Chippewa ( Ojibwa ) people. In 2015, Shene Catholique-Valpy, a Chipewyan woman in the Northwest Territories , challenged the territorial government over its refusal to permit her to use the letter ⟨ʔ⟩ in her daughter's name, Sahaiʔa. The territory argued that territorial and federal identity documents were unable to accommodate

104-797: A people and to their language, respectively. The Saskatchewan communities of Fond-du-Lac, Black Lake, Wollaston Lake and La Loche are among these. In the 2011 Canada Census 11,860 people chose Dënesųłinë́ as their mother tongue. 70.6% were located in Saskatchewan and 15.2% were located in Alberta. Not all were from the historical Chipewyan regions south and east of Great Slave Lake . Approximately 11,000 of those who chose Dënesųłinë́ as their mother tongue in 2011 are Dëne/Chipewyan with 7,955 (72%) in Saskatchewan, 1,005 (9%) in Manitoba, 510 plus urban dwellers in Alberta and 260 plus urban dwellers in

130-406: A result, Dënesųłinë́ has 24 phonemic vowels: Dënesųłinë́ also has 9 oral and nasal diphthongs of the form vowel + /j/ . Dënesųłinë́ has two tones: Download coordinates as: Chipewyan people The Chipewyan ( / ˌ tʃ ɪ p ə ˈ w aɪ ə n / CHIP -ə- WY -ən , also called Denésoliné or Dënesųłı̨né or Dënë Sųłınë́ , meaning "the original/real people") are

156-516: A welcoming community that hosted him for weeks. By the 1990s, the Duck Lake Dene saw it could succeed in its new environment and changed their legal name from "Churchill, Band of Caribou-eater Chipewyan" to "Sayisi Dene First Nation (Tadoule Lake, Manitoba)". In 2016, Indigenous and Northern Affairs Minister Carolyn Bennett attended a formal apology ceremony at Tadoule Lake, with the government awarding more than $ 33 million in compensation to

182-537: The Athabaskan linguistic group. Denesuline is spoken by Aboriginal people in Canada whose name for themselves is a cognate of the word dene ("people"): Denésoliné (or Dënesųłiné ). Speakers of the language speak different dialects but understand each other. There is a 'k', t dialect that most people speak. For example, people in Fond du lac, Gąnı kuę́ speak the 'k' and say yaki ku while others who use

208-708: The La Ronge Population Centre had 55 and Meadow Lake had 30. 3,050 were in the Lake Athabasca - Fond du Lac River area including Black Lake and Wollaston Lake in the communities of: 3,920 were in the upper Churchill River area including Peter Pond Lake , Churchill Lake , Lac La Loche , Descharme Lake, Garson Lake and Turnor Lake in the communities of: Two isolated communities are in northern Manitoba. The two Manitoban communities use Dënesųłinë́ syllabics to write their language. The Wood Buffalo-Cold Lake Economic Region in

234-572: The Peace River and Lake Athabasca . Historically, the Denesuline were allied to some degree with the southerly Cree , and warred against Inuit and other Dene peoples to the north of Chipewyan lands. An important historic Denesuline is Thanadelthur ("Marten Jumping"), a young woman who early in the 18th century helped her people to establish peace with the Cree, and to get involved with

260-653: The 't' say yati tu . The name Chipewyan is, like many people of the Canadian prairies, of Algonquian origin. It is derived from the Plains Cree name for them, Cīpwayān ( ᒌᐘᔮᐣ ), "pointed skin", from cīpwāw ( ᒌᐚᐤ ), "to be pointed"; and wayān ( ᐘᔮᐣ ), "skin" or "hide" - a reference to the cut and style of Chipewyan parkas . Most Chipewyan people now use Dene and Denesuline to describe themselves and their language. The Saskatchewan communities of Fond-du-Lac, Black Lake and Wollaston Lake are

286-565: The 1970s, the "Duck Lake Dene" opted for self-reliance, a return to caribou hunting, and relocated to Tadoule Lake, Manitoba , legally becoming "Sayisi Dene First Nation (Tadoule Lake, Manitoba)" in the 1990s. https://uofmpress.ca/books/detail/night-spirits The Chipewyan used to be largely nomadic, organized into small bands and temporarily lived in tepees. They wore one-piece pants and moccasin outfits. However, their nomadic lifestyle began to erode since 1717 when they encountered English entrepreneurs. The Chipewyan subsequently became important in

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312-1007: The 2011 census identified as speaking Dene (Denesuline) as their native language. About 1,800 of the residents were Métis and about 600 were members of the Clearwater River Dene Nation. The relocation of the Sayisi Dene is commemorated by the Dene Memorial in Churchill Manitoba. The Dënesųłı̨ne people are part of many band governments spanning Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba and the Northwest Territories. The Chipewyan moved in small groups or bands, consisting of several extended families, alternating between winter and summer camps. The groups participated in hunting, trapping, fishing and gathering in Canada's boreal forest and around

338-541: The Dene community originally at Little Duck Lake. A few families left Churchill and Dene Village to move to North Knife Lake in 1969. More would move from Churchill, this time to South Knife Lake in 1971. In 1973, the Duck Lake Dene, North Knife Lake and South Knife Lake Dene moved north to Tadoule Lake. Fred Bruemmer visited the community in 1977 as a Globe and Mail journalist and noted that Tadoule Lake had 58 log cabins built across an area of more than 1.5 kilometres and

364-616: The Northwest Territories. All had Denesuline populations; however, several had a combination of Cree and Denesuline members (see the Barren Lands First Nation in Manitoba and the Fort McMurray First Nation in Alberta). There are also many Dene (Dënesųlı̨ne)-speaking Métis communities located throughout the region. The Saskatchewan village of La Loche , for example, had 2,300 residents who in

390-608: The Northwest Territories. The communities within the Dëne traditional areas are shown below: The Dënesųłinë́-speaking communities of Saskatchewan are located in the northern half of the province. The area from the upper Churchill River west of Pinehouse Lake all the way north to Lake Athabasca and from Lake Athabasca east to the north end of Reindeer Lake is home to 7410 people who chose Dënesųłinë́ as their mother tongue in 2011. Prince Albert had 265 residents who chose Dënesųłinë́ as their mother tongue in 2011, Saskatoon had 165,

416-627: The Peter Yassie Memorial School for K-12 education. The Sayisi Dene First Nation Relocation Settlement Trust has funded annual children's summer camps intended to promote literacy since 2016, which are well attended by the community. In recent years, Tadoule Lake is exploring the possibility of youth wilderness expeditions for the community to explore the Seal River Watershed. The Sayisi Dene and neighbouring Inuit and Cree communities are attempting to establish

442-904: The Sayisi Dene First Nation living in Tadoule Lake as of February 2023 was 314, with an additional 586 members living off-reserve. The territory of Sayisi Dene consists of Churchill 1, IRI with 212.10 hectares and is governed by a Chief and three councillors. The Sayisi Dene are represented by the Keewatin Tribal Council , which represent eleven First Nations reserves in Northern Manitoba. 58°42′43″N 98°28′49″W  /  58.71194°N 98.48028°W  / 58.71194; -98.48028 Chipewyan language Most Chipewyan people now use Dëne and Dënesųłinë́ to refer to themselves as

468-697: The Sayisi Dene. Most of the money was put in trust for community development. In recent years, concerns about drug smuggling and bootlegging have prompted the Manitoba Keewatinowi Okimakanak (MKO), an advocacy organization of 26 First Nations who are signatories to the Numbered Treaties with the Canadian government, to call for renewed efforts to addressing these issues in Tadoule Lake. The community postal address and postal code for Tadoule Lake is: General Delivery, Tadoule Lake, Manitoba R0B 2C0. The registered population of

494-553: The floating cinders and burnt wood resulting from an early forest fire or "Ashes floating on the lake". The modern spelling has been in common usage since 1914. The community is located on the northwest shore of Tadoule Lake by the Seal River and is centered within the winter range of the Qamiuriak Caribou Herd ( barren-ground caribou ). Tadoule Lake is served by Tadoule Lake Airport for air transportation and

520-461: The fur trade (Steckley 1999). The Sayisi Dene of northern Manitoba are a Chipewyan band notable for hunting migratory caribou. They were historically located at Little Duck Lake and known as the "Duck Lake Dene". In 1956, the government forcibly relocated them to the port of Churchill on the shore of Hudson Bay and a small village north of Churchill called North Knife River, joining other Dene and becoming members of "Fort Churchill Chipewyan Band". In

546-516: The many lakes of their territory. Later, with the emerging North American fur trade , they organized into several major regional groups in the vicinity of the European trading posts to control, as middleman, the carrying trade in furs and the hunting of fur-bearing animals. The new social groupings also enabled the Chipewyan to dominate their Dene neighbours and to better defend themselves against their rifle-armed Cree enemies, who were advancing to

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572-785: The north eastern portion of Alberta from Fort Chipewyan to the Cold Lake area has the following communities. 510 residents of this region chose Dënesųłinë́ as their mother tongue in 2011. Three communities are located south of Great Slave Lake in Region 5. 260 residents of Region 5 chose Dënesųłinë́ as their mother tongue in 2011. The 39 consonants of Dënesųłinë́: The inter-dental series of ⟨ddh⟩ , ⟨tth⟩ , ⟨tthʼ⟩ , ⟨th⟩ , and ⟨dh⟩ corresponds to s-like sibilants in other Na-Dené languages. Dënesųłinë́ has vowels of six differing qualities. Most vowels can be either As

598-589: The northwest of the Red River Colony referred to the Chipewyan people as Montagnais in their documents written in French. Montagnais simply means 'mountain people' or 'highlanders' in French and has been applied to many unrelated nations across North America over time. For example, the Neenolino Innu of northern Quebec are also called Montagnais . Chipewyan peoples live in the region spanning

624-473: The subarctic trade by exchanging furs and hides for metal tools, guns and cloth. Modern Chipewyan are either fluidly sedentary or semi-nomadic in lifestyle. Many still practice their traditional lifestyle for subsistence like fishing or hunting caribou although this process is modernized with the use of modern nets, tools, transportation and more. Denesuline (Chipewyan) speak the Denesuline language , of

650-418: The watershed in which Tadoule Lake is located in to become an Indigenous Protected Conservation Area. During 2021 Western North America heat wave , on July 2 and 3, 2021, the record high temperature of 38.1 °C (100.6 °F) was registered. In 1969, some Duck Lake Dene began discussing the possibility of becoming self-reliant and returning to the ancestral lifestyle after the forced 1956 relocation of

676-611: The western Canadian Shield to the Northwest Territories , including northern parts of the provinces of Manitoba , Alberta and Saskatchewan . There are also many burial and archaeological sites in Nunavut which are part of the Dënesųłı̨ne group. The following list of First Nations band governments had in August 2016 a total registered membership of 25,519, with 11,315 in Saskatchewan, 6,952 in Alberta, 3,038 in Manitoba and 4,214 in

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